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Fulton BB, Hartzell AJ, Dias HVR, Lovely CJ. Room Temperature Diels-Alder Reactions of 4-Vinylimidazoles. Molecules 2024; 29:1902. [PMID: 38675720 PMCID: PMC11053432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the course of studying Diels-Alder reactions of 4-vinylimidazoles with N-phenylmaleimide, it was discovered that they engage in cycloaddition at room temperature to give high yields of the initial cycloadduct as a single stereoisomer. In certain cases, the product precipitated out of the reaction mixture and could be isolated by simple filtration, thereby avoiding issues with aromatization observed during chromatographic purification. Given these results, intramolecular variants using doubly activated dienophiles were also investigated at room temperature. Amides underwent cycloaddition at room temperature in modest yields, but the initial adducts were not isolable with Nimid-benzyl-protected systems. Attempts to extend these results to the corresponding esters and hydroxamate were less successful with these substrates only undergoing cycloaddition at elevated temperatures in lower yields. Density functional theory calculations were performed to evaluate the putative transition states for both the inter- and intramolecular variants to rationalize experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carl J. Lovely
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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2
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Ma JT, Chen T, Tang BC, Chen XL, Yu ZC, Zhou Y, Zhuang SY, Wu YD, Xiang JC, Wu AX. A Pummerer Reaction-Enabled Modular Synthesis of Alkyl Quinoline-3-carboxylates and 3-Arylquinolines from Amino Acids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3760-3771. [PMID: 36821870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Concise synthesis of functionalized quinolines has received continuous research attention owing to the biological importance and synthetic potential of bicyclic N-heterocycles. However, synthetic routes to the 2,4-unsubstituted alkyl quinoline-3-carboxylate scaffold, which is an important motif in drug design, remain surprisingly limited, with modular protocols that proceed from readily available materials being even more so. We herein report an acidic I2-DMSO system that converts readily available aspartates and anilines into alkyl quinoline-3-carboxylate. This method can be extended to a straightforward synthesis of 3-arylquinolines by simply replacing the aspartates with phenylalanines. Mechanistic studies revealed that DMSO was activated by HI via a Pummerer reaction to provide the C1 synthon, while the amino acid catabolized to the C2 synthon through I2-mediated Strecker degradation. A formal [3 + 2 + 1] annulation of these two concurrently generated synthons with aniline was responsible for the selective formation of the quinoline core. The synthetic utility of this protocol was illustrated by the efficient synthesis of human 5-HT4 receptor ligand. Moreover, an unprecedented chemoselective synthesis of 2-deuterated, 3-substituted quinoline, featuring this reaction, has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - You Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yi Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Chen Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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3
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Kaiser D, Klose I, Oost R, Neuhaus J, Maulide N. Bond-Forming and -Breaking Reactions at Sulfur(IV): Sulfoxides, Sulfonium Salts, Sulfur Ylides, and Sulfinate Salts. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8701-8780. [PMID: 31243998 PMCID: PMC6661881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds have long played a vital role in organic chemistry and in the development of novel chemical structures and architectures. Prominent among these organosulfur compounds are those involving a sulfur(IV) center, which have been the subject of countless investigations over more than a hundred years. In addition to a long list of textbook sulfur-based reactions, there has been a sustained interest in the chemistry of organosulfur(IV) compounds in recent years. Of particular interest within organosulfur chemistry is the ease with which the synthetic chemist can effect a wide range of transformations through either bond formation or bond cleavage at sulfur. This review aims to cover the developments of the past decade in the chemistry of organic sulfur(IV) molecules and provide insight into both the wide range of reactions which critically rely on this versatile element and the diverse scaffolds that can thereby be synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kaiser
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Immo Klose
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rik Oost
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - James Neuhaus
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Hinkle RJ, Bredenkamp SE, Pike RD, Cheon SI. Electrophilic Cyclization of Phenylalkynediols to Naphthyl(aryl)iodonium Triflates with Chelating Hydroxyls: Preparation and X-ray Analyses. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11781-11786. [PMID: 28817776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alkynediols containing one propargylic alcohol as well as a second alcohol, which is propargylic or homopropargylic, react with PhI+CN-OTf (Stang's reagent) or 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3I+CN-OTf to afford naphthyl(aryl)iodonium triflates. The reaction occurs at room temperature over the course of 6-12 h and provides 36-82% yields of microcrystalline solids. Slow diffusion of Et2O into CH3CN solutions of the salts afforded X-ray quality crystals of five compounds with hydroxyl groups forming five- and six-membered chelation complexes with the iodine atom. Crystallizations from larger scale reactions (≥∼0.25 mmol) were generally facile from CH2Cl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Hinkle
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
| | - Sarah E Bredenkamp
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
| | - Robert D Pike
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
| | - Seong Ik Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
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5
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Fe 2 O 3 -catalyzed Pummerer rearrangement of acyl chlorides and sulfoxides: Facile synthesis of alkylthiomethyl ester. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Lindel T. Chemistry and Biology of the Pyrrole–Imidazole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 77:117-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Shen T, Huang X, Liang YF, Jiao N. Cu-Catalyzed Transformation of Alkynes and Alkenes with Azide and Dimethyl Sulfoxide Reagents. Org Lett 2015; 17:6186-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shen
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200062, China
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8
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Ford A, Miel H, Ring A, Slattery CN, Maguire AR, McKervey MA. Modern Organic Synthesis with α-Diazocarbonyl Compounds. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9981-10080. [PMID: 26284754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1093] [Impact Index Per Article: 121.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugues Miel
- Almac Discovery Ltd. , David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - M Anthony McKervey
- Almac Sciences Ltd. , Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, United Kingdom
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9
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Abstract
Naturally occurring guanidine derivatives frequently display medicinally useful properties. Among them, the higher order pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids, the dragmacidins, the crambescidins/batzelladines, and the saxitoxins/tetradotoxins have stimulated the development of many new synthetic methods over the past decades. We provide here an overview of the syntheses of these cyclic guanidine-containing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyong Ma
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Saptarshi De
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Chuo Chen
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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10
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Wang X, Ma Z, Wang X, De S, Ma Y, Chen C. Dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids: synthetic approaches and biosynthetic hypotheses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8628-39. [PMID: 24828265 PMCID: PMC4096073 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids are a group of structurally unique and biologically interesting marine sponge metabolites. Among them, the cyclic dimers have caught synthetic chemists' attention particularly. Numerous synthetic strategies have been developed and various biosynthetic hypotheses have been proposed for these fascinating natural products. We discuss herein the synthetic approaches and the biosynthetic insights obtained from these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA.
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11
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12
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Stout EP, Wang YG, Romo D, Molinski TF. Pyrrole aminoimidazole alkaloid metabiosynthesis with marine sponges Agelas conifera and Stylissa caribica. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:4877-81. [PMID: 22473581 PMCID: PMC3917718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Game-SET-match: Pyrrole aminoimidazole alkaloids (PAIs) are metabiosynthesized from chlorinated analogues of oroidin by cell-free enzyme preparations from PAI-producing sponges. Evidence and implications for the biosynthesis of PAIs include putative single-electron transfers (SETs) that promote C-C bond-forming reactions of precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Paige Stout
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Yong-Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842 (USA)
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842 (USA)
| | - Tadeusz F. Molinski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
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13
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Pyrrole Aminoimidazole Alkaloid Metabiosynthesis with Marine Sponges Agelas conifera and Stylissa caribica. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Liu J, Wang X, Guo H, Shi X, Ren X, Huang G. A novel NH4OAc and CuBr(PPh3)3-induced intermolecular Pummerer-type reaction between free (NH)-indoles and dimethylsulfoxide: facile synthesis of 3-methylthiomethyl substituted indoles. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Abstract
We describe herein an asymmetric synthesis of ageliferin. A Mn(III)-mediated oxidative radical cyclization reaction was used as the key step to construct the core skeleton of this pyrrole-imidazole dimer. This approach resembles the biogenic [4 + 2] dimerization in an intramolecular fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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16
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Al-Mourabit A, Zancanella MA, Tilvi S, Romo D. Biosynthesis, asymmetric synthesis, and pharmacology, including cellular targets, of the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole marine alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1229-60. [PMID: 21556392 PMCID: PMC5596510 DOI: 10.1039/c0np00013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole (P-2-AI) alkaloids are a growing family of marine alkaloids, now numbering well over 150 members, with high topographical and biological information content. Their intriguing structural complexity, rich and compact stereochemical content, high N to C ratio (~1 : 2), and increasingly studied biological activities are attracting a growing number of researchers from numerous disciplines world-wide. This review surveys advances in this area with a focus on the structural diversity, biosynthetic hypotheses with increasing, but still rare, verifying experimental studies, asymmetric syntheses, and biological studies, including cellular target receptor isolation studies, of this stimulating and exciting alkaloid family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Mourabit
- Centre de Recherche de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Supriya Tilvi
- Bio-organic Chemistry laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India, 403 004
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M Universtiy College Station, TX 77842-3012
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17
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Feldman KS, Nuriye AY, Li J. Extending Pummerer reaction chemistry: studies in the palau'amine synthesis area. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5042-60. [PMID: 21574600 DOI: 10.1021/jo200740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exploratory oxidative cyclization studies on cyclopentanelated and cyclohexenelated oroidin derivatives utilized Pummerer chemistry to generate pentacyclic structures related to the palau'amine family of sponge metabolites. Stereochemical issues were paramount, and appropriate choice of annelated ring size led to formation of the pentacyclic framework with complete diastereoselectivity for all of the core bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken S Feldman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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18
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Bhandari MR, Yousufuddin M, Lovely CJ. Diversity-oriented approach to pyrrole-imidazole alkaloid frameworks. Org Lett 2011; 13:1382-5. [PMID: 21338082 DOI: 10.1021/ol200067e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An exploration of imidazolylpropargyl amides as linchpin synthons for the construction of a diverse array of heterocyclic frameworks, many of which are related to those found in the oroidin derived alkaloids, is described. One such intermediate has been used in a formal total synthesis of cyclooroidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manojkumar R Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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19
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He Y, Krishnamoorthy P, Lima HM, Chen Y, Wu H, Sivappa R, Dias HVR, Lovely CJ. Intramolecular Diels–Alder chemistry of 4-vinylimidazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2685-701. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00657b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Namba K, Inai M, Sundermeier U, Greshock TJ, Williams RM. Synthetic Studies on Palau'amine. Construction of the Cyclopentane Core via an Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 2010; 51:6557-6559. [PMID: 21286237 PMCID: PMC3030269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The cyclopentane core of palau'amine has been constructed in optically pure form through the use of an asymmetric azomethine ylid [1,3]-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Namba
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Makto Inai
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Uta Sundermeier
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Thomas J. Greshock
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert M. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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