1
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Abstract
Herein, we report the enantioselective total synthesis of dysiherbols A, C, and D, a unique group of 6/6/5/6/6 pentacyclic quinone/hydroquinone sesquiterpenes, featuring a photo-induced quinone-alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition and a tandem [1,2]-anionic rearrangement/cyclopropane fragmentation as key elements. Based on our total synthesis, the originally proposed structures of dysiherbols C and D have been revised. Detailed computational studies were carried out to gain deep insight into the unprecedented [1,2]-anionic rearrangement, which revealed that the transformation, albeit a symmetry-forbidden process, proceeded through a concerted manner owing to the release of high ring-strain energy and the evolution of local aromaticity in the transition state. Taking all, the present work offers a mechanistically interesting and synthetically useful approach to accessing dysiherbols and related congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Saunthwal RK, Mortimer J, Orr-Ewing AJ, Clayden J. Enantioselective one-carbon expansion of aromatic rings by simultaneous formation and chromoselective irradiation of a transient coloured enolate. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2079-2085. [PMID: 35308841 PMCID: PMC8848985 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06684f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioenriched seven-membered carbocycles are motifs in many molecules of structural and biological interest. We report a simple, practical, transition metal-free and mechanistically unusual method for the enantioselective synthesis of substituted cycloheptatrienes. By forming a coloured enolate with an appropriate absorption band and selectively irradiating in situ, we to initiate a tandem, asymmetric anionic and photochemical ring expansion of readily accessible N-benzylbenzamides. The cascade of reactions leading to the products entails enantioselective benzylic deprotonation with a chiral lithium amide, dearomatizing cyclization of the resulting configurationally defined organolithium to give an extended amide enolate, and photochemically induced formal [1,7]-sigmatropic rearrangement and 6π-electrocyclic ring-opening – the latter all evidently being stereospecific – to deliver enantioenriched cycloheptatrienes with embedded benzylic stereocentres. Irradiation of a mixture of aromatic amide and chiral base leads to a tandem reaction sequence in which dearomatization forms a chromophore capable of photochemical rearrangement leading to overall asymmetric expansion of the aromatic ring.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Saunthwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - James Mortimer
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Andrew J Orr-Ewing
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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3
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Wu Y, Du X, Wang X, Liu H, Zhou L, Tang Y, Li D. Bio-inspired construction of a tetracyclic ring system with an avarane skeleton: total synthesis of dactyloquinone A. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00792d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the asymmetric construction of an avarane skeleton. The strategy involves a Lewis acid-catalyzed cyclization reaction, which drives the methyl groups of two different configurations at the C-4 site to migrate by 1, 2-rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hainan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Luning Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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4
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George JH. Biomimetic Dearomatization Strategies in the Total Synthesis of Meroterpenoid Natural Products. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1843-1855. [PMID: 33793197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are biosynthesized from a limited pool of starting materials via pathways that obey the same chemical logic as textbook organic reactions. Given the structure of a natural product, it is therefore often possible to predict its likely biosynthesis. Although biosynthesis mainly occurs in the highly specific chemical environments of enzymes, the field of biomimetic total synthesis attempts to replicate predisposed pathways using chemical reagents.We have followed several guidelines in our biomimetic approach to total synthesis. The overarching aim is to construct the same skeletal C-C and C-heteroatom bonds and in the same order as our biosynthetic hypothesis. In order to explore the innate reactivity of (bio)synthetic intermediates, the use of protecting groups is avoided or at least minimized. The key step, which is usually a cascade reaction, should be predisposed to selectively generate molecular complexity under substrate control (e.g., cycloadditions, radical cyclizations, carbocation rearrangements). In general, simple reagents and mild conditions are used; many of the total syntheses presented in this Account could be achieved using pre-1980s methodology. We have focused almost exclusively on the synthesis of meroterpenoids, that is, natural products of mixed terpene and aromatic polyketide origin, using commercially available terpenes and electron-rich aromatic compounds as starting materials. Finally, all of the syntheses in this Account involve a dearomatization step as a means to trigger a cascade reaction or to construct stereochemical complexity from a planar, aromatic intermediate.A biomimetic strategy can offer several advantages to a total synthesis project. Most obviously, successful biomimetic syntheses are usually concise and efficient, naturally adhering to the atom, step, and redox economies of synthesis. For example, in this Account, we describe a four-step synthesis of garcibracteatone and a three-step synthesis of nyingchinoid A. It is difficult to imagine shorter, non-biomimetic syntheses of these intricate molecules. Furthermore, biomimetic synthesis gives insight into biosynthesis by revealing the chemical relationships between biosynthetic intermediates. Access to these natural substrates allows collaboration with biochemists to help uncover the function of newly discovered enzymes and elucidate biosynthetic pathways, as demonstrated in our work on the napyradiomycin family. Third, by making biosynthetic connections between natural products, we can sometimes highlight incorrect structural assignments, and herein we discuss structure revisions of siphonodictyal B, rasumatranin D, and furoerioaustralasine. Last, biomimetic synthesis motivates the prediction of "undiscovered natural products" (i.e., missing links in biosynthesis), which inspired the isolation of prenylbruceol A and isobruceol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. George
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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5
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Lokshin V, Clavier H, Khodorkovsky V. Spiro 1,3-indandiones: intramolecular photochemical reactions of carbonyl groups with carbon–carbon double bonds. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02923h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Spiro-1,3-indandiones involving a double CC bond undergo photochemical intramolecular reactions affording a variety of polycyclic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Lokshin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325
- Campus de Luminy – Case 913
- Marseille
- France
| | - Hervé Clavier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille
- iSm2
- 13397 Marseille
- France
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6
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Kuan KK, Markwell-Heys AW, Cruickshank MC, Tran DP, Adlington RM, Baldwin JE, George JH. Biomimetic synthetic studies on meroterpenoids from the marine sponge Aka coralliphaga: Divergent total syntheses of siphonodictyal B, liphagal and corallidictyals A–D. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2449-2465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Abstract
This review represents the most complete description of the scientific results obtained on a photochemical reaction described 110 years ago by an Italian scientist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio D'Auria
- Dipartimento di Scienze
- Università della Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
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8
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Ando Y, Wakita F, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Intramolecular photoredox reactions of 1,2-naphthoquinone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2663-2666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Wang JL, Li HJ, Wu YC. Divergent Synthesis of Marine Natural Products Siphonodictyal B, Corallidictyals C/D, and Liphagal Based on the Early Presence of an Aldehyde Group Instead of a Late-Stage Introduction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8716-8723. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, ICCAS, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Katoh T, Narita K. Total Syntheses of Liphagal: A Potent and Selective Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase α (PI3Kα) Inhibitor from the Marine Sponge Aka coralliphaga. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-17-873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Wang HS, Li HJ, Nan X, Luo YY, Wu YC. Enantiospecific Semisynthesis of Puupehedione-Type Marine Natural Products. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12914-12919. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Shuang Wang
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiang Nan
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Luo
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, ICCAS, Beijing 100190, China
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12
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Kwon K, Ham JS, Kim HY, Sampath V, Lee HY. A Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Frondosin A. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuktae Kwon
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science&Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Ham
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science&Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science&Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Vasu Sampath
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science&Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science&Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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13
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Fereyduni E, Grenning AJ. Factors Governing and Application of the Cope Rearrangement of 3,3-Dicyano-1,5-dienes and Related Studies. Org Lett 2017; 19:4130-4133. [PMID: 28723219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cope and co-workers reported the [3,3] rearrangement of 3,3-dicyano-1,5-dienes in the early 1940s ("The Cope rearrangement"). However, these original substrates have remained largely unstudied until recently. Herein we explore styrene-deconjugating Cope rearrangements, a diastereoselective Cope rearrangement/deconjugative α-allylation sequence, and factors governing α- vs γ-allylation regioselectivity of Knoevenagel adduct allyl anions. Ultimately, these studies result in the synthesis of diverse and functionally dense polycycloalkane frameworks from abundant reagents using simple chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fereyduni
- University of Florida , Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- University of Florida , Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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14
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More AA, Ramana CV. Total Synthesis of Integrastatin B Enabled by a Benzofuran Oxidative Dearomatization Cascade. Org Lett 2016; 18:1458-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul A. More
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Chepuri V. Ramana
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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15
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More AA, Ramana CV. o-Quinone Methides via Oxone-Mediated Benzofuran Oxidative Dearomatization and Their Intramolecular Cycloaddition with Carbonyl Groups: An Expeditious Construction of the Central Tetracyclic Core of Integrastatins, Epicoccolide A, and Epicocconigrone A. Org Lett 2016; 18:612-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul A. More
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Chepuri V. Ramana
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
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16
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Kuan KKW, Hirschvogel AMC, George JH. A Biomimetic Synthetic Approach to the Frondosins. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The frondosins are a family of five marine sponge-derived meroterpenoids. We propose that the 6–7 ring system common to each of the frondosins is biosynthesized via ring expansion of a 6–6 ring system. Compelling evidence in favour of this proposal was obtained in the form of a biomimetic synthesis of the frondosin 6–7 ring system, which features a highly stereo- and regio-selective ring expansion cascade reaction as the key step.
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17
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Markwell-Heys AW, George JH. Some chemical speculation on the biosynthesis of corallidictyals A–D. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5546-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficient conversion of siphonodictyal B into the spirocyclic natural products corallidictyals A–D has been achieved via oxidative and acid catalyzed cyclizations.
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18
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Markwell-Heys AW, Kuan KKW, George JH. Total Synthesis and Structure Revision of (-)-Siphonodictyal B and Its Biomimetic Conversion into (+)-Liphagal. Org Lett 2015; 17:4228-31. [PMID: 26295981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structure of siphonodictyal B has been reassigned on the basis of the total synthesis of both possible C-8 epimers. The revised structure of siphonodictyal B was converted into liphagal by acid catalyzed rearrangement of a proposed epoxide intermediate. This biomimetic cascade features a succession of four distinct reactions (epoxidation, o-quinone methide formation, ring expansion, and benzofuran formation) that occur in a one-pot operation under mild conditions. During these studies we also isolated a surprisingly stable o-quinone methide that supports our mechanistic proposal for liphagal biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin K W Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jonathan H George
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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19
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Tangdenpaisal K, Chuayboonsong K, Sukjarean P, Katesampao V, Noiphrom N, Ruchirawat S, Ploypradith P. Synthesis of C4C5 Cycloalkyl-Fused and C6-Modified Chromans viaortho-Quinone Methides. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1050-64. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Tan Y, Yang XD, Liu WJ, Sun XW. Novel one-pot asymmetric cascade approach toward densely substituted enantioenriched α-methylene-γ-lactams. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Kamishima T, Kikuchi T, Narita K, Katoh T. Biogenetically Inspired Total Synthesis of (+)-Liphagal: A Potent and Selective Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase α (PI3Kα) Inhibitor from the Marine SpongeAka coralliphaga. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Spence JTJ, George JH. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of ent-Penilactone A and Penilactone B. Org Lett 2013; 15:3891-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4017832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin T. J. Spence
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jonathan H. George
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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23
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Abstract
A total synthesis of the marine sponge meroterpenoid (+)-aureol has been achieved in 12 steps (6% overall yield) from (+)-sclareolide. Key steps of the synthesis include a biosynthetically inspired sequence of 1,2-hydride and methyl shifts, and a biomimetic cycloetherification reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K W Kuan
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
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