1
|
Taimoory SM, Yu X, Beyeh NK, Nasri S, Trant JF. Divalent Benzimidazolium-Based Axles for Self-Reporting Pseudorotaxanes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15783-15795. [PMID: 36377941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and (bis)benzimidazoliums were evaluated both experimentally and computationally for their potential as pseudopolyrotaxane axle building blocks. Their aggregation and photophysical behavior, along with their potential to form a [2]pseudorotaxane with dibenzyl-24-crown-8, was studied through the synergistic application of 1D/2D and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory. Their photophysical behavior was measured and modeled as a function of protonation state, solvent, and concentration. The axles show strong solvochromaticism and a very pronounced concentration-dependent optical profile, including self-quenching when a pseudorotaxane is formed. This axle with multiple recognition sites has the potential to form pseudorotaxanes with tunable optical behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., 2006B, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| | - Sarah Nasri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - John F Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Woźny M, Trzybiński D, Dąbrowa K, Narodowiec J, Woźniak K. Monosulfonated dibenzo-24-crown-8 and its properties. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5308-5318. [PMID: 35730366 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00851c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a method for preparing a monosulfonated dibenzo-24-crown-8 ether, SDB24C8, by direct sulfonation of the parent crown (DB24C8). Since neutral DB24C8 readily interacts with cationic guests, permanently charged SDB24C8 is an advantageous candidate for future supramolecular applications. SDB24C8 can be isolated as a sulfonic acid to be used as it is or converted to a salt of choice. The crystallographic analysis provides the first known host-guest assembly with a DB24C8-based scaffold complexing hydronium and potassium cations. Supramolecular investigations of the interactions of this anionic macrocycle with alkali cations were also performed. According to the expectations, the introduction of the sulfonic group into the DB24C8 scaffold increases the affinities of the receptor. An unusual selectivity of SDB24C8 towards a sodium cation was also observed and further investigated with DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Woźny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - D Trzybiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Chemistry Department, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - K Dąbrowa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - J Narodowiec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - K Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Chemistry Department, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Xie J, Du Z, Jiang L, Li G, Ling S, Zhu K. Docking rings in a solid: reversible assembling of pseudorotaxanes inside a zirconium metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6291-6296. [PMID: 35733896 PMCID: PMC9159108 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented zirconium metal–organic framework featuring a T-shaped benzimidazole strut was constructed and employed as a sponge-like material for selective absorption of macrocyclic guests. The neutral benzimidazole domain of the as-synthesized framework can be readily protonated and fully converted to benzimidazolium. Mechanical threading of [24]crown-8 ether wheels onto recognition sites to form pseudorotaxanes was evidenced by solution nuclear magnetic resonance, solid-state fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopy. Selective absorption of [24]crown-8 ether rather than its dibenzo counterpart was also observed. Further study reveals that this binding process is reversible and acid–base switchable. The success of docking macrocyclic guests in crystals via host–guest interactions provides an alternative route to complex functional materials with interpenetrated structures. A T-shaped ligand was designed as struts for building a zirconium metal–organic framework. Acid–base switchable docking and releasing a 24-membered crown ether inside crystals was successfully accomplished via post-synthetic modification.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jialin Xie
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhenglin Du
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Long Jiang
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Centre, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Guangqin Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang R, Li Y, Tang A, Li Y, Li H. Gating the Conductance of Single - Molecule Junction with Ion-π Interaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8290-8293. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The single molecular conductance of viologen derivative VSMe and supramolecular compound VSMe-PA[5] (pillararene[5]) was investigated. The difference of their conductance demonstrated the gating effect of cation-π interaction. Theoretical calculations showed...
Collapse
|
5
|
Nicoli F, Baroncini M, Silvi S, Groppi J, Credi A. Direct synthetic routes to functionalised crown ethers. Org Chem Front 2021; 8:5531-5549. [PMID: 34603737 PMCID: PMC8477657 DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crown ethers are macrocyclic hosts that can complex a wide range of inorganic and organic cations as well as neutral guest species. Their widespread utilization in several areas of fundamental and applied chemistry strongly relies on strategies for their functionalisation, in order to obtain compounds that could carry out multiple functions and could be incorporated in sophisticated systems. Although functionalised crown ethers are normally synthesised by templated macrocyclisation using appropriately substituted starting materials, the direct addition of functional groups onto a pre-formed macrocyclic framework is a valuable yet underexplored alternative. Here we review the methodologies for the direct functionalisation of aliphatic and aromatic crown ethers sporadically reported in the literature over a period of four decades. The general approach for the introduction of moieties on aliphatic crown ethers involves a radical mediated cross dehydrogenative coupling initiated either by photochemical or thermal/chemical activation, while aromatic crown ethers are commonly derivatised via electrophilic aromatic substitution. Direct functionalization routes can reduce synthetic effort, allow the later modification of crown ether-based architectures, and disclose new ways to exploit these versatile macrocycles in contemporary supramolecular science and technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Nicoli
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures Istituto ISOF-CNR via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Massimo Baroncini
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures Istituto ISOF-CNR via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università di Bologna viale Fanin 44 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures Istituto ISOF-CNR via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Jessica Groppi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures Istituto ISOF-CNR via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures Istituto ISOF-CNR via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Z, Ni Y, Prakasam T, Liu W, Wu H, Zhang Z, Di H, Baldridge KK, Trabolsi A, Olson MA. The Unusual Photochromic and Hydrochromic Switching Behavior of Cellulose-Embedded 1,8-Naphthalimide-Viologen Derivatives in the Solid-State. Chemistry 2021; 27:9360-9371. [PMID: 33831265 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive chromic materials such as photochromics, hydrochromics, thermochromics, and electrochromics have a long history of capturing the attention of scientists due to their potential industrial applications and novelty in popular culture. However, hybrid chromic materials that combine two or more stimuli-triggered color changing properties are not so well known. Herein, we report a design strategy that has led to a series of emissive 1,8-naphthalimide-viologen dyads which exhibit unusual dual photochromic and hydrochromic switching behavior in the solid-state when embedded in a cellulose matrix. This behavior manifests as reversible solid state fluorescence hydrochromism upon changes in atmospheric relative humidity (RH), and reversible solid state photochromism upon generation of a cellulose-stabilized viologen radical cation. In this design strategy, the bipyridinium unit serves as both a water-sensitive receptor for the hydrochromic fluorophore-receptor system, and a photochromic group, capable of eliciting its own visible colorimetric response, generating a fluorescence quenching radical cation with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. These dyes can be inkjet-printed onto cellulose paper or drop-cast as cellulose powder-based films and can be unidirectionally cycled between three different states which can be characteristically visualized under UV light or visible light. The material's photochromism, hydrochromism, and underlying mechanism of action was investigated using computational analysis, dynamic vapor sorption/desorption isotherms, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and variable humidity UV-Vis adsorption and fluorescence spectroscopies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Sun
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yanhai Ni
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Thirumurugan Prakasam
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haiting Di
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mark A Olson
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu H, Lin MD, Yuan J, Zhou B, Mu Y, Huo Y, Zhu K. Fluorescence emission enhancement of a T-shaped benzimidazole with a mechanically-interlocked 'suit'. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3239-3242. [PMID: 33646217 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07471c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent T-shaped benzimidazole was successfully designed and interlocked in a bicyclic macrocycle to form a suit[1]ane through supramolecular templated-synthesis. Compared with the bare fluorophore, suit[1]ane requires nearly two times the concentration to initialize the aggregation-caused quenching effect in solution. Furthermore, an 8-fold higher solid-state fluorescence quantum yield (21.7%) is also achieved. By taking advantage of mechanical bonding and molecular packing, such fluorescence emission enhancement through formation of a suitane opens the way to new complex fluorescent materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houyang Xu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wilson BH, Abdulla LM, Schurko RW, Loeb SJ. Translational dynamics of a non-degenerate molecular shuttle imbedded in a zirconium metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3944-3951. [PMID: 34163664 PMCID: PMC8179482 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06837c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A new [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle linker based on the binding of a 24-crown-8 ether macrocycle at a benzimidazole recognition site was synthesised. The shuttling dynamics of the linker were studied in solution and the structure confirmed by X-ray crystallography. A multivariate Zr(iv) MOF, UWDM-11, containing the new MIM linker and primary linker tetramethylterphenyldicarboxylate was synthesised and the translational motion of the molecular shuttle studied in the solid state. The use of a 13C enriched MIM linker allowed the dynamics of both activated and mesitylene-solvated UWDM-11 to be elucidated by VT 13C CPMAS SSNMR. The incorporation of mesitylene into the pores of UWDM-11 resulted in a significant increase in the barrier for thermally driven translation of the macrocycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Louae M Abdulla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kamebuchi H, Kobayashi Y, Mutoh K, Nakajima S, Enomoto Y, Tadokoro M. Synthesis of Pyridine-fused 5,6,11,12-Tetraazanaphthacene as a Bis-bidentate Ligand and Electrochemistry of a Ruthenium(II) Dinuclear Complex. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kamebuchi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kento Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Saki Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuta Enomoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Tadokoro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu K, Loeb SJ. A hydrogen-bonded polymer constructed from mechanically interlocked, suit[1]ane monomers. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A T-shaped 2,4,7-substituted benzimidazolium “axle” with two ester functionalities and a 24-membered crown ether “wheel” with appendages containing terminal olefin groups were threaded — axle through wheel — to form a [2]pseudorotaxane. Grubbs’ ring-closing metathesis (RCM) was then used to form a third loop and create a bicyclic cage that fully encapsulates the axle and permanently interlocks the two molecular components creating a suit[1]ane. There are no bulky groups on the axle to prevent unthreading, but the axle is trapped due to the cage-like nature of the newly created polyether host. After hydrolysis of the esters groups to carboxylic acids, this novel mechanically interlocked molecule (MIM) polymerizes in the solid state. The structure of the resulting supramolecular polymer was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and contains linear one-dimensional tapes of suit[1]ane monomers linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martinez-Bulit P, Wilson BH, Loeb SJ. One-pot synthesis of porphyrin-based [5]rotaxanes. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4395-4400. [PMID: 32463405 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot reaction is used to make a series of [5]rotaxanes. The protocol involves simultaneous threading-followed-by-stoppering to trap a macrocycle (dibenzo[24]crown-8, DB24C8) on an axle to form a mechanically interlocked molecule (MIM) - in this case a rotaxane - and the condensation of an aldehyde with a pyrrole to form a porphyrin precursor. For each [5]rotaxane, a different combination of recognition site and stoppering group was used; the protonation state of the [5]rotaxane can be used to generate different co-conformational states for each [5]rotaxane making these systems potential multi-state switches for further study in solution or the solid-state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martinez-Bulit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Benjamin H Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Baggi G, Casimiro L, Baroncini M, Silvi S, Credi A, Loeb SJ. Threading-gated photochromism in [2]pseudorotaxanes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5104-5113. [PMID: 31183062 PMCID: PMC6524668 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00913b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rigid, Y-shaped imidazole compounds containing the bis(thienyl)ethene moiety were designed and synthesized. The 4,5-bis(benzothienyl)-2-phenylimidazolium cations were then used as axles for [2]pseudorotaxane formation with 24-membered crown ether wheels. It was demonstrated using 1H NMR spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopies that this host-guest interaction results in significant changes in the photochromic properties of the imidazolium axles. This is a rare example of gated photochromism, which exploits the recognition event of an interpenetrated molecular system to tune the photochromic properties in one of the components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , ON N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Lorenzo Casimiro
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , 40126 Bologna , Italy .
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Massimo Baroncini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , 40127 Bologna , Italy
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , 40126 Bologna , Italy .
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , 40127 Bologna , Italy
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , ON N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ring-through-ring molecular shuttling in a saturated [3]rotaxane. Nat Chem 2018; 10:625-630. [PMID: 29713030 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules such as rotaxanes and catenanes comprise two or more components whose motion relative to each other can be controlled. A [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle, for example, consists of an axle bearing two recognition sites and a single macrocyclic wheel that can undergo a to-and-fro motion along the axle-shuttling between the recognition sites. The ability of mechanically interlocked molecules to undergo this type of large-amplitude change is the core mechanism behind almost every interlocked molecular switch or machine, including sophisticated mechanical systems such as a molecular elevator and a peptide synthesizer. Here, as a way to expand the scope of dynamics possible at the molecular level, we have developed a molecular shuttling mechanism involving the exchange of rings between two recognition sites in a saturated [3]rotaxane (one with no empty recognition sites). This was accomplished by passing a smaller ring through a larger one, thus achieving ring-through-ring molecular shuttling.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sathiyajith C, Shaikh RR, Han Q, Zhang Y, Meguellati K, Yang YW. Biological and related applications of pillar[n]arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:677-696. [PMID: 27942626 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08967d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pillar[n]arenes are a new class of synthetic supramolecular macrocycles streamlined by their particular pillar-shaped architecture which consists of an electron-rich cavity and two fine-tuneable rims. The ease and diversity of the functionalization of the two rims open possibilities for the design of new architectures, topological isomers, and scaffolds. Significantly, this emerging class of macrocyclic receptors offers a unique platform for biological purposes. This review article covers the most recent contributions from the pillar[n]arene field in terms of artificial membrane transport systems, controlled drug delivery systems, biomedical imaging, biosensors, cell adhesion, fluorescent sensing, and pesticide detection based on host-guest interactions. The review also uniquely describes the properties of sub-units that make pillar[n]arenes suitable for biological applications and it provides a detailed outline for the design of new innovative pillar-like structures with specific properties to open up a new avenue for pillar[n]arene chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CuhaWijay Sathiyajith
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Rafik Rajjak Shaikh
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Han
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Kamel Meguellati
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Riss-Yaw B, Morin J, Clavel C, Coutrot F. How Secondary and Tertiary Amide Moieties are Molecular Stations for Dibenzo-24-crown-8 in [2]Rotaxane Molecular Shuttles? Molecules 2017; 22:E2017. [PMID: 29160822 PMCID: PMC6150268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22112017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interlocked molecular machines like [2]rotaxanes are intriguing aesthetic molecules. The control of the localization of the macrocycle, which surrounds a molecular axle, along the thread leads to translational isomers of very different properties. Although many moieties have been used as sites of interactions for crown ethers, the very straightforwardly obtained amide motif has more rarely been envisaged as molecular station. In this article, we report the use of secondary and tertiary amide moieties as efficient secondary molecular station in pH-sensitive molecular shuttles. Depending on the N-substitution of the amide station, and on deprotonation or deprotonation-carbamoylation, the actuation of the molecular machinery differs accordingly to very distinct interactions between the axle and the DB24C8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Riss-Yaw
- Supramolecular Machines and ARchitectures Team, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Case Courrier 1706, Bâtiment Chimie (17), 3ème étage, Faculté des Sciences, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Justine Morin
- Supramolecular Machines and ARchitectures Team, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Case Courrier 1706, Bâtiment Chimie (17), 3ème étage, Faculté des Sciences, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Caroline Clavel
- Supramolecular Machines and ARchitectures Team, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Case Courrier 1706, Bâtiment Chimie (17), 3ème étage, Faculté des Sciences, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Frédéric Coutrot
- Supramolecular Machines and ARchitectures Team, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Case Courrier 1706, Bâtiment Chimie (17), 3ème étage, Faculté des Sciences, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gholami G, Zhu K, Baggi G, Schott E, Zarate X, Loeb SJ. Influence of axle length on the rate and mechanism of shuttling in rigid H-shaped [2]rotaxanes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7718-7723. [PMID: 29568435 PMCID: PMC5851341 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03736h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of [2]rotaxane molecular shuttles was prepared containing a dibenzo[24]crown-8 (DB24C8) wheel and a rigid H-shaped axle with varying track lengths between recognition sites; from 7.4 to 20.3 Å as defined by 1-4 phenyl rings or a naphthyl group. The rate of shuttling was measured by variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy for neutral compounds and EXSY experiments for dicationic species. The rates were found to be independent of the length of the axle, except when the distance between the two recognition sites might be short enough (n = 1) to allow the crown ether to simultaneously interact with both recognition sites providing a short-cut mechanism which could lower the energy barrier. This notion is supported by DFT calculations and solid-state characterization of model compounds that mimic possible transition states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Gholami
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China .
| | - Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Eduardo Schott
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Facultad de Química , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna, 4860 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Ximena Zarate
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas , Facultad de Ingeniería , Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 425 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up Multiple Interlocked Co-Conformations for Silver(I) Coordination. Chemistry 2017; 23:14163-14166. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay C. Interpenetrated molecules: crown-ether and linear organic molecule supramolecular architectures. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-017-0725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Zhu K, Baggi G, Vukotic VN, Loeb SJ. Reversible mechanical protection: building a 3D "suit" around a T-shaped benzimidazole axle. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3898-3904. [PMID: 28626559 PMCID: PMC5465563 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00790f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The T-shaped benzimidazolium/crown ether recognition motif was used to prepare suit[1]anes. These novel mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. By conversion to a suit[1]ane, a simple benzimidazole was shown to be protected from deprotonation by strong base. Moreover, it was demonstrated that this unique three-dimensional encapsulation can be made reversible, thus introducing the concept of "reversible mechanical protection"; a protecting methodology that may have potential applications in synthetic organic chemistry and the design of molecular machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China .
| | - Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - V Nicholas Vukotic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kempf J, Schmitzer AR. Metal-Organic Synthetic Transporters (MOST): Efficient Chloride and Antibiotic Transmembrane Transporters. Chemistry 2017; 23:6441-6451. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kempf
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C. P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Andreea R. Schmitzer
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C. P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mao L, Pan W, Fu Y, Chen L, Xu M, Ren Y, Feng W, Yuan L. Reversibly Tunable Lower Critical Solution Temperature Behavior Induced by H-Bonded Aromatic Amide Macrocycle and Imidazolium Host–Guest Complexation. Org Lett 2016; 19:18-21. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wang Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yonghong Fu
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lixi Chen
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yi Ren
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wen Feng
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Key
Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education,
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Key State Laboratory
of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu K, Vukotic VN, Loeb SJ. Acid-Base Switchable [2]- and [3]Rotaxane Molecular Shuttles with Benzimidazolium and Bis(pyridinium) Recognition Sites. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3258-3266. [PMID: 27671841 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For the purpose of developing higher level mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), such as molecular switches and machines, a new rotaxane system was designed in which both the 1,2-bis(pyridinium)ethane and benzimidazolium recognition templating motifs were combined. These two very different recognition sites were successfully incorporated into [2]rotaxane and [3]rotaxane molecular shuttles which were fully characterized by 1 H NMR, 2D EXSY, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and VT NMR analysis. By utilizing benzimidazolium as both a recognition site and stoppering group it was possible to create not only an acid/base switchable [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle (energy barrier 20.9 kcal⋅mol-1 ) but also a [3]rotaxane molecular shuttle that displays unique dynamic behavior involving the simultaneous motion of two macrocyclic wheels on a single dumbbell. This study provides new insights into the design of switchable molecular shuttles. Due to the unique properties of benzimidazoles, such as fluorescence and metal coordination, this new type of molecular shuttle may find further applications in developing functional molecular machines and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - V Nicholas Vukotic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up the Co-conformations of a [2]Rotaxane for Metal Ion Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12533-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up the Co-conformations of a [2]Rotaxane for Metal Ion Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Klikar M, Solanke P, Tydlitát J, Bureš F. Alphabet-Inspired Design of (Hetero)Aromatic Push-Pull Chromophores. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1886-905. [PMID: 27272649 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Push-pull molecules represent a unique and fascinating class of organic π-conjugated materials. Herein, we provide a summary of their recent extraordinary design inspired by letters of the alphabet, especially focusing on H-, L-, T-, V-, X-, and Y-shaped molecules. Representative structures from each class were presented and their fundamental properties and prospective applications were discussed. In particular, emphasis is given to molecules recently prepared in our laboratory with T-, X-, and Y-shaped arrangements based on indan-1,3-dione, benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, imidazole, and triphenylamine. These push-pull molecules turned out to be very efficient charge-transfer chromophores with tunable properties suitable for second-order nonlinear optics, two-photon absorption, reversible pH-induced and photochromic switching, photocatalysis, and intercalation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Klikar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Parmeshwar Solanke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tydlitát
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Farahani N, Zhu K, O'Keefe CA, Schurko RW, Loeb SJ. Thermally Driven Dynamics of a Rotaxane Wheel about an Imidazolium Axle inside a Metal-Organic Framework. Chempluschem 2016; 81:836-841. [PMID: 31968814 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A new mechanically interlocked molecular linker was prepared by using ring-closing metathesis (Grubbs I) to clip a [24]crown-6 ether wheel around an axle containing both Y-shaped diphenylimidazole and isophthalic acid groups. A metal-organic framework (MOF) material was prepared using this linker and ZnII ions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments showed that the MOF contains an imidazolium-based rotaxane linked by dimeric [Zn2 (NO3 )(DEF)] secondary building units (SBUs). Variable-temperature (VT), 2 H solid-state NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the motion of the "soft" wheel component around the rigid "hard" lattice of the framework. At higher temperatures (above 150 °C), it was demonstrated that the 24-membered, macrocyclic ring of the MOF undergoes rapid, thermally driven rotation about the axle inside the voids of the lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Farahani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Kelong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Christopher A O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Farahani N, Zhu K, Loeb SJ. Rigid, Bistable Molecular Shuttles Combining T-shaped Benzimidazolium and Y-shaped Imidazolium Recognition Sites. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1875-80. [PMID: 26955999 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Two different recognition sites, one a T-shaped 2,4,7-triphenylbenzimidazolium and the other a Y-shaped 2,4,5-triphenylimidazolium are combined to construct a rigid bistable [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle on which the position of a 24-membered crown ether macrocycle can be controlled by acid-base chemistry. Molecular shuttling in both the neutral and dicationic versions were studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Farahani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Kelong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Solanke P, Bureš F, Pytela O, Klikar M, Mikysek T, Mager L, Barsella A, Růžičková Z. T-Shaped (Donor-π-)2Acceptor-π-Donor Push-Pull Systems Based on Indan-1,3-dione. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
29
|
A molecular shuttle that operates inside a metal–organic framework. Nat Chem 2015; 7:514-9. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
30
|
Elguraish I, Zhu K, Hernandez LA, Amarne H, Luo J, Vukotic VN, Loeb SJ. Assembly of a M4L4 "folded-cube" using a T-shaped, right-angled ligand. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:898-902. [PMID: 25462831 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new bipyridine ligand based on a T-shaped 2,4,7-trisubstituted benzimidazole framework was synthesized with a 90° angle between the two nitrogen donors. When combined with convergent [Pt(dppp)](2+) corners, eight right angles (four metal and four ligand) combine to form a M4L4 cluster with an unusual folded-cube structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Elguraish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tron A, Thornton PJ, Lincheneau C, Desvergne JP, Spencer N, Tucker JHR, McClenaghan ND. Reversible Photocapture of a [2]Rotaxane Harnessing a Barbiturate Template. J Org Chem 2014; 80:988-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502452t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Tron
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Peter J. Thornton
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Lincheneau
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Desvergne
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Neil Spencer
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James H. R. Tucker
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan D. McClenaghan
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Konstantinova LS, Knyazeva EA, Rakitin OA. Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Applications of 1,2,5-Thia- and Selenadiazoles. A Review. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2014.963454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
33
|
Supur M, Kawashima Y, Larsen KR, Ohkubo K, Jeppesen JO, Fukuzumi S. Robust Inclusion Complexes of Crown Ether Fused Tetrathiafulvalenes with Li
+
@C
60
to Afford Efficient Photodriven Charge Separation. Chemistry 2014; 20:13976-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Supur
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, Suita, Osaka 565‐0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 6‐6879‐7370
| | - Yuki Kawashima
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, Suita, Osaka 565‐0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 6‐6879‐7370
| | - Karina R. Larsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense‐M (Denmark)
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, Suita, Osaka 565‐0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 6‐6879‐7370
| | - Jan O. Jeppesen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense‐M (Denmark)
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, Suita, Osaka 565‐0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 6‐6879‐7370
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120‐750 (Korea)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tron A, Thornton PJ, Rocher M, Jacquot de Rouville HP, Desvergne JP, Kauffmann B, Buffeteau T, Cavagnat D, Tucker JHR, McClenaghan ND. Formation of a Hydrogen-Bonded Barbiturate [2]-Rotaxane. Org Lett 2014; 16:1358-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500099u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Tron
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Peter J. Thornton
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias Rocher
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Desvergne
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- Institut
Européen de Chimie et Biologie, CNRS UMS 3033, Univ. Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Thierry Buffeteau
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Dominique Cavagnat
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - James H. R. Tucker
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan D. McClenaghan
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wu KD, Lin YH, Lai CC, Chiu SH. Na+ Ion Templated Threading of Oligo(ethylene glycol) Chains through BPX26C6 Allows Synthesis of [2]Rotaxanes under Solvent-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2014; 16:1068-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403602j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Dian Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, R.O.C
| | - You-Han Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute
of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University and Department
of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chiu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou Z, Shih K, Cai YP, Szeto L, Wong WT. Highly Specific Probe for Ferric Ions in Aqueous Solution Based on 5, 6-Dicarboxy-3H-benzoimidazol-1-ium Nitrate. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
37
|
Farahani N, Zhu K, Noujeim N, Loeb SJ. [2]Pseudorotaxane formation between rigid Y-shaped 2,4,5-triphenylimidazolium axles and [24]crown-8 ether wheels. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:4824-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00975d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
38
|
Yao Y, Wei P, Yue S, Li J, Xue M. Amphiphilic pillar[5]arenes: influence of chemical structure on self-assembly morphology and application in gas response and λ-DNA condensation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46430j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
39
|
Kempf J, Noujeim N, Schmitzer AR. 2,4,7-Triphenylbenzimidazole: the monomeric unit of supramolecular helical rod-like transmembrane transporters. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06887d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular compact helical rod as transmembrane anion transporter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kempf
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montréal, Canada
| | - N. Noujeim
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montréal, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Moreno-Olivares SI, Cervantes R, Tiburcio J. Complexation of Imidazopyridine-Based Cations with a 24-Crown-8 Ether Host: [2]Pseudorotaxane and Partially Threaded Structures. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10724-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401701m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Surisadai I. Moreno-Olivares
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Avenida IPN 2508, Zacatenco 07360, México
D. F., México
| | - Ruy Cervantes
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Avenida IPN 2508, Zacatenco 07360, México
D. F., México
| | - Jorge Tiburcio
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Avenida IPN 2508, Zacatenco 07360, México
D. F., México
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lonchakov AV, Rakitin OA, Gritsan NP, Zibarev AV. Breathing some new life into an old topic: chalcogen-nitrogen π-heterocycles as electron acceptors. Molecules 2013; 18:9850-900. [PMID: 23959195 PMCID: PMC6270515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18089850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the design, synthesis and characterization of chalcogen-nitrogen π-heterocycles, mostly 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazoles (chalcogen: S, Se and Te) and their fused derivatives, possessing positive electron affinity is discussed together with their use in preparation of charge-transfer complexes and radical-anion salts-candidate building blocks of molecule-based electrical and magnetic functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton V. Lonchakov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; E-Mails: (A.V.L.); (N.P.G.)
- Department of Physics, National Research University—Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Rakitin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; E-Mail:
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; E-Mails: (A.V.L.); (N.P.G.)
- Department of Physics, National Research University—Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Zibarev
- Department of Physics, National Research University—Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +7-383-330-9664; Fax: +7-383-330-9752
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yao Y, Xue M, Chen J, Zhang M, Huang F. An Amphiphilic Pillar[5]arene: Synthesis, Controllable Self-Assembly in Water, and Application in Calcein Release and TNT Adsorption. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15712-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3076617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and
Functionalization, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Min Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and
Functionalization, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhuang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and
Functionalization, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and
Functionalization, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Feihe Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and
Functionalization, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yu G, Zhang Z, He J, Abliz Z, Huang F. Cavity-Extended Pillar[5]arenes: Syntheses and Host-Guest Complexation with Paraquat and Bispyridinium Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
44
|
Yan X, Wu X, Wei P, Zhang M, Huang F. A chemical-responsive bis(m-phenylene)-32-crown-10/2,7-diazapyrenium salt [2]pseudorotaxane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8201-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33783e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Zhu K, Vukotic VN, Noujeim N, Loeb SJ. Bis(benzimidazolium) axles and crown ether wheels: a versatile templating pair for the formation of [2]rotaxane molecular shuttles. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20986a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|