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Herbert JM. Neat, Simple, and Wrong: Debunking Electrostatic Fallacies Regarding Noncovalent Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:7125-7137. [PMID: 34388340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multipole moments such as charge, dipole, and quadrupole are often invoked to rationalize intermolecular phenomena, but a low-order multipole expansion is rarely a valid description of electrostatics at the length scales that characterize nonbonded interactions. This is illustrated by examining several common misunderstandings rooted in erroneous electrostatic arguments. First, the notion that steric repulsion originates in Coulomb interactions is easily disproved by dissecting the interaction potential for Ar2. Second, the Hunter-Sanders model of π-π interactions, which is based on quadrupolar electrostatics, is shown to have no basis in accurate calculations. Third, curved "buckybowls" exhibit unusually large dipole moments, but these are ancillary to the forces that control their intermolecular interactions, as illustrated by two examples involving corannulene. Finally, the assumption that interactions between water and small anions are dictated by the dipole moment of H2O is shown to be false in the case of binary halide-water complexes. These examples present a compelling case that electrostatic explanations based on low-order multipole moments are very often counterfactual for nonbonded interactions at close range and should not be taken seriously in the absence of additional justification.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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2
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Perić B, Kokan Z, Kirin SI. Induction of Λ-helicity in a zinc complex with an alanine-appended aminopyridine ligand. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 77:449-457. [PMID: 34350842 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229621006471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of tris[dimethyl 5-({1-[(pyridin-2-yl-κN)carbamoyl-κO]ethyl}carbamoyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate]zinc(II) dinitrate acetonitrile trisolvate, [Zn(C19H19N3O6)3](NO3)2·3CH3CN or [Zn(L)3](NO3)2·3CH3CN, (1), has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The neutral ligand L coordinates to the Zn2+ cation in a bidentate fashion via the pyridine N atom and an amide O atom, forming a six-membered chelate ring. The Λ-helical chirality of the Zn2+ coordination sphere is induced by pendant L-alanine residues through stacking interactions between the arene groups of two coordinated ligands, assisted by a hydrogen bond between amide groups bonded to the stacked arene rings. The third ligand is coordinated to the Zn2+ cation by the same six-membered chelate ring, but in the opposite direction with respect to the analogous chelate rings of the first two coordinated ligands. Besides ionic interactions between [ZnL3]2+ complexes and NO3- anions, several types of hydrogen bonds and intermolecular stacking interactions contribute to the stability of the solid-state phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berislav Perić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Kokan
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Srećko I Kirin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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3
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Kokan Z, Perić B, Vazdar M, Marinić Ž, Vikić-Topić D, Meštrović E, Kirin SI. Metal-induced supramolecular chirality inversion of small self-assembled molecules in solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1945-1948. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of supramolecular chirality inversion of small self-assembled ligands in solution by complexation to metal ions is presented.
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4
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Carson BE, Parker TM, Hohenstein EG, Brizius GL, Komorner W, King RA, Collard DM, Sherrill CD. Competition Between π-π and C-H/π Interactions: A Comparison of the Structural and Electronic Properties of Alkoxy-Substituted 1,8-Bis((propyloxyphenyl)ethynyl)naphthalenes. Chemistry 2015; 21:19168-75. [PMID: 26568396 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The structural and electronic consequences of π-π and C-H/π interactions in two alkoxy-substituted 1,8-bis- ((propyloxyphenyl)ethynyl)naphthalenes are explored by using X-ray crystallography and electronic structure computations. The crystal structure of analogue 4, bearing an alkoxy side chain in the 4-position of each of the phenyl rings, adopts a π-stacked geometry, whereas analogue 8, bearing alkoxy groups at both the 2- and the 5-positions of each ring, has a geometry in which the rings are splayed away from a π-stacked arrangement. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory analysis was performed on the two analogues to evaluate the interactions between the phenylethynyl arms in each molecule in terms of electrostatic, steric, polarization, and London dispersion components. The computations support the expectation that the π-stacked geometry of the alkoxyphenyl units in 4 is simply a consequence of maximizing π-π interactions. However, the splayed geometry of 8 results from a more subtle competition between different noncovalent interactions: this geometry provides a favorable anti-alignment of C-O bond dipoles, and two C-H/π interactions in which hydrogen atoms of the alkyl side chains interact favorably with the π electrons of the other phenyl ring. These favorable interactions overcome competing π-π interactions to give rise to a geometry in which the phenylethynyl substituents are in an offset, unstacked arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley E Carson
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452
| | - Trent M Parker
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452.,Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA)
| | - Edward G Hohenstein
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452.,Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA)
| | - Glen L Brizius
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452
| | - Whitney Komorner
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452
| | - Rollin A King
- Department of Chemistry, Bethel University, St. Paul, MN 55112 (USA)
| | - David M Collard
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452.
| | - C David Sherrill
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404-894-7452. .,Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (USA). .,School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA).
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Han HK, Hong JH, Carey JR, Kang JS, Lee W. CHIRAL RECOGNITION USING A CONFORMATIONALLY RIGID CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASE DERIVED FROM α-AMINO-ϵ-CARPROLACTAM. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.807467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyung Han
- a College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Joon Hee Hong
- b College of Pharmacy, Chosun University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - James R. Carey
- c Department of Applied Chemistry , National University of Kaohsiung , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- d College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- b College of Pharmacy, Chosun University , Gwangju , South Korea
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Gardarsson H, Schweizer WB, Trapp N, Diederich F. Structures and Properties of Molecular Torsion Balances to Decipher the Nature of Substituent Effects on the Aromatic Edge-to-Face Interaction. Chemistry 2014; 20:4608-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang JL, Xu JS, Wang DY, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Anti-parallel sheet structures of side-chain-free γ-, δ-, and ε-dipeptides stabilized by benzene–pentafluorobenzene stacking. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzene–pentafluorobenzene stacking can guide ω-amino acid dipeptides to arrange in an anti-parallel manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Liang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia-Su Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dong-Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
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Snyder SE, Huang BS, Chu YW, Lin HS, Carey JR. The Effects of Substituents on the Geometry of π-π Interactions. Chemistry 2012; 18:12663-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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