1
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Zhang J, Lui KH, Zunino R, Jia Y, Morodo R, Warlin N, Hedrick JL, Talarico G, Waymouth RM. Highly Selective O-Phenylene Bisurea Catalysts for ROP: Stabilization of Oxyanion Transition State by a Semiflexible Hydrogen Bond Pocket. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22295-22305. [PMID: 39102651 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is a versatile technique for synthesizing biodegradable polymers, including polyesters and polycarbonates. We introduce o-phenylene bisurea (OPBU) (di)anions as a novel class of organocatalysts that are fast, easily tunable, mildly basic, and exceptionally selective. These catalysts surpass previous generations, such as thiourea, urea, and TBD, in selectivity (kp/ktr) by 8 to 120 times. OPBU catalysts facilitate the ROP of various monomers, achieving high conversions (>95%) in seconds to minutes, producing polymers with precise molecular weights and very low dispersities (Đ ≈ 1.01). This performance nearly matches the ideal distribution expected from living polymerization (Poisson distribution). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the catalysts stabilize the oxyanion transition state via a hydrogen bond pocket similar to the "oxyanion hole" in enzymatic catalysis. Both experimental and theoretical analyses highlight the critical role of the semirigid o-phenylene linker in creating a hydrogen bond pocket that is tight yet flexible enough to accommodate the oxyanion transition state effectively. These new insights have provided a new class of organic catalysts whose accessibility, moderate basicity, excellent solubility, and unparalleled selectivity and tunability open up new opportunities for controlled polymer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Kai Hin Lui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Rachele Zunino
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, Napoli 80138, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Yuan Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Romain Morodo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Niklas Warlin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - James L Hedrick
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, Napoli 80138, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
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2
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Mert S, Erdebil Ö. Anion-Binding Properties of Aliphatic Symmetric Squaramide Receptors. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8333-8342. [PMID: 38405436 PMCID: PMC10883022 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Squaramides (SQs), which are very popular for their H-bonding ability, have attracted great interest due to their wide range of applications such as asymmetric synthesis, pharmacology, and anion transportation. In this study, aliphatic symmetric SQs based on cis/trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) substituted with cyclic tertiary amines, synthesized in four steps under simple reaction conditions, were investigated for the first time for their ability to bind Cl-, Br-, and I- anions. The changes in cis/trans geometric isomers and the cyclic ring (pyrrolidine vs piperidine) were found to have a combined effect on the degree of anion binding. The spectroscopic titrations of the SQs with TBA-Cl, TBA-Br, and TBA-I in the range of 0.2 to 20.0 equiv were monitored by 1H NMR, and the analyses of the magnitude of chemical shift differences in the NH peaks of the SQs in course of titration were performed by DynaFit and BindFit programs for the calculation of their Ka values. All symmetric SQs I-IV were found to selectively bind Cl- anion more strongly than Br- anion to varying degrees depending on the SQ derivatives. Especially, SQ IV, which has a symmetric trans-DACH and a pyrrolidine ring, was found to have the highest Cl- anion-binding ability compared to the other SQs. However, the SQs did not show any change in the chemical shift of the NH proton in 1H NMR upon successive addition of TBA-I, indicating that they do not interact with I- anion. The stoichiometries of the complexation behavior of SQs I-IV toward Cl- and Br- anions were also analyzed by Job plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Mert
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41140, Turkey
- Department
of Polymer Science and Technology, Kocaeli
University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey
- Center
for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey
| | - Özden Erdebil
- Department
of Polymer Science and Technology, Kocaeli
University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey
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3
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Cai Y, Zhao Y, Tang K, Zhang H, Mo X, Chen J, Huang Y. Amide C-N bonds activation by A new variant of bifunctional N-heterocyclic carbene. Nat Commun 2024; 15:496. [PMID: 38216571 PMCID: PMC10786861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We report an organocatalyst that combines a triazolium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) with a squaramide as a hydrogen-bonding donor (HBD), which can effectively catalyze the atroposelective ring-opening of biaryl lactams via a unique amide C-N bond cleavage mode. The free carbene species attacks the amide carbonyl, forming an axially chiral acyl-azolium intermediate. Various axially chiral biaryl amines can be accessed by this methodology with up to 99% ee and 99% yield. By using mercaptan as a catalyst turnover agent, the resulting thioester synthon can be transformed into several interesting atropisomers. Both control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal the crucial role of the hybrid NHC-HBD skeleton, which activates the amide via H-bonding and brings it spatially close to the carbene centre. This discovery illustrates the potential of the NHC-HBD chimera and demonstrates a complementary strategy for amide bond activation and manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518118, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518118, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518118, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueling Mo
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518118, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiean Chen
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518118, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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4
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Samha MH, Wahlman JLH, Read JA, Werth J, Jacobsen EN, Sigman MS. Exploring Structure-Function Relationships of Aryl Pyrrolidine-Based Hydrogen-Bond Donors in Asymmetric Catalysis Using Data-Driven Techniques. ACS Catal 2022; 12:14836-14845. [PMID: 36816226 PMCID: PMC9937582 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bond-based organocatalysts rely on networks of attractive noncovalent interactions (NCIs) to impart enantioselectivity. As a specific example, aryl pyrrolidine substituted urea, thiourea, and squaramide organocatalysts function cooperatively through hydrogen bonding and difficult-to-predict NCIs as a function of the reaction partners. To uncover the synergistic effect of the structural components of this catalyst class, we applied data science tools to study various model reactions using a derivatized, aryl pyrrolidine-based, hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) catalyst library. Through a combination of experimentally collected data and data mined from previous reports, statistical models were constructed, illuminating the general features necessary for high enantioselectivity. A distinct dependence on the identity of the electrophilic reaction partner and HBD catalyst is observed, suggesting that a general interaction is conserved throughout the reactions analyzed. The resulting models also demonstrate predictive capability by the successful improvement of a previously reported reaction using out-of-sample reaction components. Overall, this study highlights the power of data science in exploring mechanistic hypotheses in asymmetric HBD catalysis and provides a prediction platform applicable in future reaction optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Samha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Julie L. H. Wahlman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jacquelyne A. Read
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jacob Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Eric N. Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthew S. Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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5
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Yu C, He JH, Lu JM. Ion-in-Conjugation: A Promising Concept for Multifunctional Organic Semiconductors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204023. [PMID: 36285771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Most organic semiconductors (OSCs) consist of conjugated skeletons with flexible peripheral chains. Their weak intermolecular interactions from dispersion and induction forces result in environmental susceptibilities and are unsuitable for many multifunctional applications where direct exposure to external environments is unavoidable, such as gas absorption, chemical sensing, and catalysis. To exploit the advantages of inorganic semiconductors in OSCs, ion-in-conjugation (IIC) materials are proposed. An IIC material refers to any conjugated material (molecules, polymers, and crystals) in Kekule's structural formula containing stoichiometric ionic states in its conjugated backbone in the electronic ground state. In this review, the definitions, structures, synthesis, properties, and applications of IIC materials are described briefly. Four types of IIC material, including zwitterionic conjugated molecules/polymers, conjugated ionic dyes, π-d conjugated molecules and polymers, and coordinatively doped polymers, are reported. Their applications in gas sensing, humidity sensing, resistive memory devices, and thermal/photo-/electro-catalysis are demonstrated. The challenges and opportunities for future research are also discussed. It is expected that this work will inspire the design of new organic electronic information materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hui He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Mei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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6
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Gallarati S, van Gerwen P, Laplaza R, Vela S, Fabrizio A, Corminboeuf C. OSCAR: an extensive repository of chemically and functionally diverse organocatalysts. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13782-13794. [PMID: 36544722 PMCID: PMC9710326 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04251g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The automated construction of datasets has become increasingly relevant in computational chemistry. While transition-metal catalysis has greatly benefitted from bottom-up or top-down strategies for the curation of organometallic complexes libraries, the field of organocatalysis is mostly dominated by case-by-case studies, with a lack of transferable data-driven tools that facilitate both the exploration of a wider range of catalyst space and the optimization of reaction properties. For these reasons, we introduce OSCAR, a repository of 4000 experimentally derived organocatalysts along with their corresponding building blocks and combinatorially enriched structures. We outline the fragment-based approach used for database generation and showcase the chemical diversity, in terms of functions and molecular properties, covered in OSCAR. The structures and corresponding stereoelectronic properties are publicly available (https://archive.materialscloud.org/record/2022.106) and constitute the starting point to build generative and predictive models for organocatalyst performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gallarati
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Puck van Gerwen
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland,National Center for Competence in Research – Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Ruben Laplaza
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland,National Center for Competence in Research – Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Sergi Vela
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alberto Fabrizio
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Clemence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland,National Center for Competence in Research – Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland
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7
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Mommer S, Wezenberg SJ. Anion-Induced Reversible Actuation of Squaramide-Crosslinked Polymer Gels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43711-43718. [PMID: 36099444 PMCID: PMC9523616 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular anion binding to squaramide crosslinkers in poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) gel networks enhances swelling and allows reversible chemically driven actuation. The volume swelling ratio of the gels is shown to depend on both the type of anion and its concentration. 1H NMR and UV-vis titrations with the squaramide crosslinkers reveal a relationship between anion binding affinity and the concentration-dependent swelling behavior. Gel swelling is shown to be reversible, and by embedding a solid support into rod-shaped gels, soft actuators are fabricated that undergo forward and backward bending motion in response to changing anion concentration. The swelling and bending process, which is accompanied by intense green coloration of the gel, is achieved by using only low amounts of crosslinker. This macroscopic actuation achieved by anion binding to specific molecular entities in the polymer network will open new opportunities in the field of chemically responsive materials.
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8
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Zaleskaya-Hernik M, Megiel E, Romański J. Utilizing a polymer containing squaramide-based ion pair receptors for salt extraction. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Kutateladze DA, Wagen CC, Jacobsen EN. Chloride-Mediated Alkene Activation Drives Enantioselective Thiourea and Hydrogen Chloride Co-Catalyzed Prins Cyclizations. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15812-15824. [PMID: 35994741 PMCID: PMC9437134 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of chiral hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) co-catalyzed Prins cyclizations was analyzed through a combination of experimental and computational methods and revealed to involve an unexpected and previously unrecognized mode of alkene activation. Kinetic and spectroscopic studies support the participation of a catalytically active HCl·HBD complex that displays reduced Brønsted acidity relative to HCl alone. Nevertheless, rate acceleration relative to the HCl-catalyzed background reaction as well as high levels of enantioselectivity are achieved. This inverse Brønsted correlation is ascribed to chloride-mediated substrate activation in the rate-limiting and enantiodetermining cyclization transition state. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, distortion-interaction analysis, and quasiclassical dynamics simulations support a stepwise mechanism in which rate acceleration and enantioselectivity are achieved through the precise positioning of the chloride anion within the active site of the chiral thiourea to enhance the nucleophilicity of the alkene and provide transition-state stabilization through local electric field effects. This mode of selective catalysis through anion positioning likely has general implications for the design of enantioselective Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions involving π-nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eric N. Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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10
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Marchetti LA, Krämer T, Elmes RBP. Amidosquaramides - a new anion binding motif with pH sensitive anion transport properties. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7056-7066. [PMID: 35993191 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01176j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive anion transport is becoming an important aspect of supramolecular anion recognition chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis of a family of anion receptors that incorporate a new anion binding motif, amidosquaramides. We show using experimental and computational methods that these receptors have pKa values close to physiological pH but also display intramolecular H-bonding interactions that affect anion recognition. Moreover, moderate activity in a Cl-/NO3- exchange assay is observed at physiological pH that can be effectively 'switched on' when repeated under acidic conditions. The reported findings provide synthetic methods that can be used for the construction of more complex squaramide based anion receptors and also provide insight into the importance of conformational analysis when considering receptor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland. .,Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland
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11
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Joshi H, Singh VK. Cinchona Derivatives as Bifunctional H‐bonding Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Vinylogous Conjugate Addition Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur-208016 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur-208016 Uttar Pradesh India
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12
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Rozsar D, Formica M, Yamazaki K, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. Bifunctional Iminophosphorane-Catalyzed Enantioselective Sulfa-Michael Addition to Unactivated α,β-Unsaturated Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1006-1015. [PMID: 34990142 PMCID: PMC8793149 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
first metal-free catalytic intermolecular enantioselective
Michael addition to unactivated α,β-unsaturated amides
is described. Consistently high enantiomeric excesses and yields were
obtained over a wide range of alkyl thiol pronucleophiles and electrophiles
under mild reaction conditions, enabled by a novel squaramide-based
bifunctional iminophosphorane catalyst. Low catalyst loadings (2.0
mol %) were achieved on a decagram scale, demonstrating the scalability
of the reaction. Computational analysis revealed the origin of the
high enantiofacial selectivity via analysis of relevant transition
structures and provided substantial support for specific noncovalent
activation of the carbonyl group of the α,β-unsaturated
amide by the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rozsar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Formica
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
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13
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Smajlagic I, White B, Azeez O, Pilkington M, Dudding T. Organocatalysis Linked to Charge-Enhanced Acidity with Superelectrophilic Traits. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivor Smajlagic
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Brandon White
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Oyindamola Azeez
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Canada
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14
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Ballini R, Palmieri A, Petrini M. Catalysts’ evolution in the asymmetric conjugate addition of nitroalkanes to electron-poor alkenes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01341j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a journey of the catalyst usage for the enantioselective conjugate addition of nitroalkanes to electron-poor olefins from the early attempts to the latest achievements. Selected applications are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ballini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, CHIP, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, CHIP, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Marino Petrini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, CHIP, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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15
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Franchino A, Martí À, Nejrotti S, Echavarren AM. Silver-Free Au(I) Catalysis Enabled by Bifunctional Urea- and Squaramide-Phosphine Ligands via H-Bonding. Chemistry 2021; 27:11989-11996. [PMID: 34018646 PMCID: PMC8457243 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A library of gold(I) chloride complexes with phosphine ligands incorporating pendant (thio)urea and squaramide H-bond donors was prepared with the aim of promoting chloride abstraction from Au(I) via H-bonding. In the absence of silver additives, complexes bearing squaramides and trifluoromethylated aromatic ureas displayed good catalytic activity in the cyclization of N-propargyl benzamides, as well as in a 1,6-enyne cycloisomerization, a tandem cyclization-indole addition reaction and the hydrohydrazination of phenylacetylene. Kinetic studies and DFT calculations indicate that the energetic span of the reaction is accounted by both the chloride abstraction step, facilitated by the bidentate H-bond donor via an associative mechanism, and the subsequent cyclization step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Àlex Martí
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Stefano Nejrotti
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
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16
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García‐Urricelqui A, Cózar A, Campano TE, Mielgo A, Palomo C. syn
‐Selective Michael Reaction of α‐Branched Aryl Acetaldehydes with Nitroolefins Promoted by Squaric Amino Acid Derived Bifunctional Brønsted Bases. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ane García‐Urricelqui
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Abel Cózar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48009 Blbao Spain
| | - Teresa E. Campano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Antonia Mielgo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizábal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
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17
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Kadota T, Sawa M, Kondo Y, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. Catalytic Enantioselective Strecker Reaction of Isatin-Derived N-Unsubstituted Ketimines. Org Lett 2021; 23:4553-4558. [PMID: 34029103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic enantioselective Strecker reaction of isatin-derived N-unsubstituted ketimines directly afforded the N-unprotected α-aminonitriles with a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter in up to 99% ee without requiring protection/deprotection steps. One-pot Strecker reactions from the parent carbonyl compounds were also realized with comparable yields and enantioselectivities. Direct transformations of the N-unprotected α-aminonitrile products streamlined the synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives and achieved the shortest one-pot stereoselective routes to a biologically active compound reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kadota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masanao Sawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Kondo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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18
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Non-Covalent Interactions in Enantioselective Organocatalysis: Theoretical and Mechanistic Studies of Reactions Mediated by Dual H-Bond Donors, Bifunctional Squaramides, Thioureas and Related Catalysts. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral bifunctional dual H-bond donor catalysts have become one of the pillars of organocatalysis. They include squaramide, thiosquaramide, thiourea, urea, and even selenourea-based catalysts combined with chiral amines, cinchona alkaloids, sulfides, phosphines and more. They can promote several types of reactions affording products in very high yields and excellent stereoselectivities in many cases: conjugate additions, cycloadditions, the aldol and Henry reactions, the Morita–Baylis–Hilman reaction, even cascade reactions, among others. The desire to understand mechanisms and the quest for the origins of stereoselectivity, in attempts to find guidelines for developing more efficient catalysts for new transformations, has promoted many mechanistic and theoretical studies. In this review, we survey the literature published in this area since 2015.
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19
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Matador E, Iglesias-Sigüenza J, Monge D, Merino P, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Nucleophilic Addition of N-tert-Butylhydrazones to Isoquinolinium Ions through Anion-Binding Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5096-5101. [PMID: 33045143 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantio- and diastereoselective thiourea-catalyzed dearomatization of isoquinolines employing N-tert-butylhydrazones as neutral α-azo carbanions and masked acyl anion equivalents has been developed. Experimental and computational data supports the generation of highly ordered complexes wherein the chloride behaves as a template for the catalyst, the hydrazone reagent, and the isoquinolinium cation, providing excellent stereocontrol in the formation of two contiguous stereogenic centers. The ensuing selective and high-yielding transformations provide appealing dihydroisoquinoline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Matador
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Iglesias-Sigüenza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David Monge
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto de BiocomputaciónyFísica de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M Lassaletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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20
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Zhou L, Wang Z, Xu G, Lv C, Wang Q. Structure and activity relationship studies of N-heterocyclic olefin and thiourea/urea catalytic systems: application in ring-opening polymerization of lactones. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01747g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structure–activity relationship studies of N-heterocyclic olefin and thiourea/urea catalytic systems were performed and applied to ROP of lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Guangqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Chengdong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
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21
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Shi X, León F, Sim Y, Quek S, Hum G, Khoo YXJ, Ng ZX, Par MY, Ong HC, Singh VK, Ganguly R, Clegg JK, Díaz J, García F. N‐Bridged Acyclic Trimeric Poly‐Cyclodiphosphazanes: Highly Tuneable Cyclodiphosphazane Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shi
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
- School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Felix León
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Ying Sim
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Shina Quek
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Gavin Hum
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Yi Xin Joycelyn Khoo
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Zi Xuan Ng
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Mian Yang Par
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - How Chee Ong
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Varun K. Singh
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry Shiv Nadar University NH91, Tehsil Dadri Gautam Buddha Nagard 201314 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Cooper Road St Lucia 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Extremadura Avda de la Universidad s/n 10003 Cáceres Spain
| | - Felipe García
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
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22
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Matador E, Iglesias‐Sigüenza J, Monge D, Merino P, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Nucleophilic Addition of
N
‐
tert
‐Butylhydrazones to Isoquinolinium Ions through Anion‐Binding Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Matador
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González 1 41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - Javier Iglesias‐Sigüenza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González 1 41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - David Monge
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González 1 41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto de BiocomputaciónyFísica de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI) Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González 1 41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - José M. Lassaletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
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23
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Gui H, Meng Z, Xiao Z, Yang Z, Wei Y, Shi M. Stereo‐ and Regioselective Construction of Spirooxindoles Having Continuous Spiral Rings via Asymmetric [3+2] Cyclization of 3‐Isothiocyanato Oxindoles with Thioaurone Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hou‐Ze Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
| | - Zhe Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
| | - Zhan‐Shuai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
| | - Ze‐Ren Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Yin Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
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24
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Bagdasarian AL, Popov S, Wigman B, Wei W, Lee W, Nelson HM. Urea-Catalyzed Vinyl Carbocation Formation Enables Mild Functionalization of Unactivated C-H Bonds. Org Lett 2020; 22:7775-7779. [PMID: 32558583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the 3,5-bistrifluoromethylphenyl urea-catalyzed functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds. In this system, the urea catalyst mediates the formation of high-energy vinyl carbocations that undergo facile C-H insertion and Friedel-Crafts reactions. We introduce a new paradigm for these privileged scaffolds where the combination of hydrogen-bonding motifs and strong bases affords highly active Lewis acid catalysts capable of ionizing strong C-O bonds. Despite the highly Lewis-acidic nature of these catalysts that enables triflate abstraction from sp2 carbons, these newly found reaction conditions allow for the formation of heterocycles and tolerate highly Lewis-basic heteroaromatic substrates. This strategy showcases the potential utility of dicoordinated vinyl carbocations in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Bagdasarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Stasik Popov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Benjamin Wigman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wenjing Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Woojin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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25
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Metternich JB, Reiterer M, Jacobsen EN. Asymmetric Nazarov Cyclizations of Unactivated Dienones by Hydrogen-Bond-Donor/Lewis Acid Co-Catalyzed, Enantioselective Proton-Transfer. Adv Synth Catal 2020; 362:4092-4097. [PMID: 33162875 PMCID: PMC7643875 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report an enantioselective Nazarov cyclization catalyzed by chiral hydrogen-bond-donors in concert with silyl Lewis acids. The developed transformation provides access to tri-substituted cyclopentenones in high levels of enantioselectivity (up to 95% e.e.) from a variety of simple unactivated dienones. Kinetic and mechanistic studies are consistent with a reversible 4π-electrocyclization C-C bond-forming step followed by rate- and enantio-determining proton-transfer as the mode of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan B Metternich
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Martin Reiterer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Eric N Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Qiang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Da‐Ming Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
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27
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Shi X, León F, Sim Y, Quek S, Hum G, Khoo YXJ, Ng ZX, Par MY, Ong HC, Singh VK, Ganguly R, Clegg JK, Díaz J, García F. N-Bridged Acyclic Trimeric Poly-Cyclodiphosphazanes: Highly Tuneable Cyclodiphosphazane Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22100-22108. [PMID: 32696527 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized a completely new family of acyclic trimeric cyclodiphosphazane compounds comprising NH, Ni Pr, Nt Bu and NPh bridging groups. In addition, the first NH-bridged acyclic dimeric cyclophosphazane has been produced. The trimeric species display highly tuneable characteristics so that the distance between the terminal N(H)R moieties can be readily modulated by the steric bulk present in the bridging groups (ranging from ≈6 to ≈10 Å). Moreover, these species exhibit pronounced topological changes when a weak non-bonding NH⋅⋅⋅π aryl interaction is introduced. Finally, the NH-bridged chloride binding affinities have been calculated and benchmarked along with the existing experimental data available for monomeric cyclodiphosphazanes. Our results underscore these species as promising hydrogen bond donors for supramolecular host-guest applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shi
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore.,School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Felix León
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ying Sim
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shina Quek
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Gavin Hum
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yi Xin Joycelyn Khoo
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zi Xuan Ng
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Mian Yang Par
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - How Chee Ong
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Varun K Singh
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar University, NH91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagard, 201314, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Cooper Road, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Felipe García
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21, Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
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28
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Agnew-Francis KA, Williams CM. Squaramides as Bioisosteres in Contemporary Drug Design. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11616-11650. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A. Agnew-Francis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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29
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Werth J, Sigman MS. Connecting and Analyzing Enantioselective Bifunctional Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysis Using Data Science Tools. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16382-16391. [PMID: 32844647 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The generalization of related asymmetric processes in organocatalyzed reactions is an ongoing challenge due to subtle, noncovalent interactions that drive selectivity. The lack of transferability is often met with a largely empirical approach to optimizing catalyst structure and reaction conditions. This has led to the development of diverse structural catalyst motifs and inspired unique design principles in this field. Bifunctional hydrogen bond donor (HBD) catalysis exemplifies this in which a broad collection of enantioselective transformations has been successfully developed. Herein, we describe the use of data science methods to connect catalyst and substrate structural features of an array of reported enantioselective bifunctional HBD catalysis through an iterative statistical modeling process. The computational parameters used to build the correlations are mechanism-specific based on the proposed transition states, which allows for analysis into the noncovalent interactions responsible for asymmetric induction. The resulting statistical models also allow for extrapolation to out-of-sample examples to provide a prediction platform that can be used for future applications of bifunctional hydrogen bond donor catalysis. Finally, this multireaction workflow presents an opportunity to build statistical models unifying various modes of activation relevant to asymmetric organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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30
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Yang Q, Li Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Luo S, Cheng J. Holistic Prediction of the p
K
a
in Diverse Solvents Based on a Machine‐Learning Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19282-19291. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Yao Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jin‐Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Yidi Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Long Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Sanzhong Luo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jin‐Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
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31
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Yang Q, Li Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Luo S, Cheng J. Holistic Prediction of the p
K
a
in Diverse Solvents Based on a Machine‐Learning Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Yao Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jin‐Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Yidi Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Long Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Sanzhong Luo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jin‐Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
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32
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Lasitha P, Dasgupta S, Naresh Patwari G. Unraveling the Origin of Differentiable 'Turn-On' Fluorescence Sensing of Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ Ions with Squaramides. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1564-1570. [PMID: 32488932 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A squaramide ring conjugated with Schiff-bases decorated with hydroxy and methoxy functional groups differentially senses zinc and cadmium ions, which turn on the fluorescence. The feebly emitting free ligands light up in the presence of zinc and cadmium acetates, with the acetate ion playing a pivotal role as a conjugate anion. The selective and differentiable emission responses for zinc and cadmium ions make these ligands efficient multi-analyte sensing agents. Furthermore, these ligands could be used to differentially sense zinc and cadmium ions even in aqueous environments. The NMR investigations reveal marginal differences in the binding of zinc and cadmium ions to the ligands, whereas density functional theory calculations suggest the different extent of ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) contributes to the differential behavior. Finally, comparison of the excited-state dynamics of free ligand and the metal complexes reveal the appearance of longer lifetime (about 500-700 ps) component with complexation, due to rigidified molecular skeleton, thereby impeding the non-radiative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lasitha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - S Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - G Naresh Patwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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Rostami A, Ebrahimi A, Husband J, Anwar MU, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A. Squaramide-Quaternary Ammonium Salt as an Effective Binary Organocatalytic System for Oxazolidinone Synthesis from Isocyanates and Epoxides. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rostami
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center (NMSRC); University of Nizwa; 616 Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Amirhossein Ebrahimi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center (NMSRC); University of Nizwa; 616 Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - John Husband
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; Sultan Qaboos University; PO Box 36, Al-Khod 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Usman Anwar
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center (NMSRC); University of Nizwa; 616 Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-str. 2; College of Science; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Saale Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center (NMSRC); University of Nizwa; 616 Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
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34
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Luo W, Mao C, Ji P, Wu JY, Yang JD, Cheng JP. Counterintuitive solvation effect of ionic-liquid/DMSO solvents on acidic C-H dissociation and insight into respective solvation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3365-3370. [PMID: 34122844 PMCID: PMC8152793 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
How would acidic bond dissociation be affected by adding a small quantity of a weakly polar ionic liquid IL (the "apparent" or "measured" dielectric constant ε of the IL is around 10-15) into a strongly polar molecular solvent (e.g., ε of DMSO: 46.5), or vice versa? The answer is blurred, because no previous investigation was reported in this regard. Toward this, we, taking various IL/DMSO mixtures as representatives, have thoroughly investigated the effects of the respective solvent in ionic-molecular binary systems on self-dissociation of C-H acid phenylmalononitrile PhCH(CN)2 via pK a determination. As disclosed, in this category of binary media, (1) no linear correspondence exists between pK a and molar fractions of the respective solvent components; (2) only ∼1-2 mol% of weakly polar ILs in strongly polar DMSO make C-H bonds even more dissociative than in neat DMSO; (3) a small fraction of DMSO in ILs (<10 mol%) can dramatically ease acidic C-H-dissociation; and (4) while the DMSO fraction further increases, its acidifying effect becomes much attenuated. These findings, though maybe counterintuitive, have been rationalized on the basis of the precise pK a measurement of this work in relation to the respective roles of each solvent component in solvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Luo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chong Mao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Pengju Ji
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jun-Yan Wu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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35
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Joshi H, Yadav A, Das A, Singh VK. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Hetero-Diels–Alder Reaction of in Situ Generated Dienes: Access to α,β-Unsaturated δ-Lactones Featuring CF3-Substituted Quaternary Stereocenter. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3202-3212. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Ankit Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Arko Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
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36
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Bujosa S, Castellanos E, Frontera A, Rotger C, Costa A, Soberats B. Self-assembly of amphiphilic aryl-squaramides in water driven by dipolar π–π interactions. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:888-894. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02085c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic aryl-squaramides self-assemble via unprecedented dipolar π–π interactions forming well-defined supramolecular aggregates and self-consistent hydrogels in water
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Bujosa
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Rotger
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Antonio Costa
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
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37
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Kristianslund R, Tungen JE, Hansen TV. Catalytic enantioselective iodolactonization reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3079-3092. [PMID: 30806424 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The halolactonization reaction is a useful chemical transformation for the construction of lactones from γ- or δ-substituted alkenoic carboxylic acids or carboxylic esters. Traditionally, the stereoselectivity of these reactions has been controlled by the substrates or the reagents. The substrate-controlled method has been extensively studied and applied in the synthesis of many natural products. However, catalytic, enantioselective iodolactonizations of γ- or δ-substituted alkenoic carboxylic acids have only recently been developed. This review article highlights the advances that have emerged over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Kristianslund
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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38
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Nagy S, Fehér Z, Dargó G, Barabás J, Garádi Z, Mátravölgyi B, Kisszékelyi P, Dargó G, Huszthy P, Höltzl T, Balogh GT, Kupai J. Comparison of Cinchona Catalysts Containing Ethyl or Vinyl or Ethynyl Group at Their Quinuclidine Ring. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3034. [PMID: 31540532 PMCID: PMC6766286 DOI: 10.3390/ma12183034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous cinchona organocatalysts with different substituents at their quinuclidine unit have been described and tested, but the effect of those saturation has not been examined before. This work presents the synthesis of four widely used cinchona-based organocatalyst classes (hydroxy, amino, squaramide, and thiourea) with different saturation on the quinuclidine unit (ethyl, vinyl, ethynyl) started from quinine, the most easily available cinchona derivative. Big differences were found in basicity of the quinuclidine unit by measuring the pKa values of twelve catalysts in six solvents. The effect of differences was examined by testing the catalysts in Michael addition reaction of pentane-2,4-dione to trans-β-nitrostyrene. The 1.6-1.7 pKa deviation in basicity of the quinuclidine unit did not result in significant differences in yields and enantiomeric excesses. Quantum chemical calculations confirmed that the ethyl, ethynyl, and vinyl substituents affect the acid-base properties of the cinchona-thiourea catalysts only slightly, and the most active neutral thione forms are the most stable tautomers in all cases. Due to the fact that cinchonas with differently saturated quinuclidine substituents have similar catalytic activity in asymmetric Michael addition application of quinine-based catalysts is recommended. Its vinyl group allows further modifications, for instance, recycling the catalyst by immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Fehér
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gergő Dargó
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- Chemical Department, Chemical Works of Gedeon Richter Plc., P.O. Box 27, H-1103 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Júlia Barabás
- Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Garádi
- Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Béla Mátravölgyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Kisszékelyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyula Dargó
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Höltzl
- Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- Furukawa Electric Institute of Technology, Késmárk utca 28/A, H-1158 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - György Tibor Balogh
- Chemical Department, Chemical Works of Gedeon Richter Plc., P.O. Box 27, H-1103 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry & Technology, Budapest University of Technology & Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
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39
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Wu Y, Jhong Y, Lin H, Swain SP, Tsai HG, Hou D. Organocatalyzed Enantioselective Michael Addition of 2‐Hydroxypyridines and α,β‐Unsaturated 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chun Wu
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
| | - Yi Jhong
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
| | - Hui‐Jie Lin
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
| | - Sharada Prasanna Swain
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
- Assistant Professor-Selection Grade, School of Health SciencesUniversity of Petroleum and Energy Studies Bidholi, Dehradun- 248007 India
| | - Hui‐Hsu Gavin Tsai
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
- Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic Module InstitutionNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
| | - Duen‐Ren Hou
- Department of ChemistryNational Central University 300 Jhong-Da Rd., Jhong-Li Taoyuan Taiwan 32001
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40
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Liedtke T, Hilche T, Klare S, Gansäuer A. Condition Screening for Sustainable Catalysis in Single-Electron Steps by Cyclic Voltammetry: Additives and Solvents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3166-3171. [PMID: 30779429 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry-based screening method for Cp2 TiX-catalyzed reactions is extended to the screening of solvents other than tetrahydrofuran for bulk electrolysis of the catalyst and radical arylation. It was found that CH3 CN can be used as a solvent for both processes without additives. Furthermore, in tetrahydrofuran, squaramide L2 is more efficient than the previously reported supramolecular halide binder, Schreiner's thiourea L1. The results extend the usefulness of the proposed time and resource-efficient screening method for designing catalysis reactions in single-electron steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Liedtke
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias Hilche
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Klare
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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41
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Diemoz KM, Franz AK. NMR Quantification of Hydrogen-Bond-Activating Effects for Organocatalysts including Boronic Acids. J Org Chem 2018; 84:1126-1138. [PMID: 30516381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen-bonding activation for 66 organocatalysts has been quantified using a 31P NMR binding experiment with triethylphosphine oxide (TEPO). Diverse structural classes, including phenols, diols, silanols, carboxylic acids, boronic acids, and phosphoric acids, were examined with a variety of steric and electronic modifications to understand how the structure and secondary effects contribute to hydrogen-bonding ability and catalysis. Hammett plots demonstrate high correlation for the Δδ 31P NMR shift to Hammett parameters, establishing the ability of TEPO binding to predict electronic trends. Upon correlation to catalytic activity in a Friedel-Crafts addition reaction, data demonstrate that 31P NMR shifts correlate to catalytic activity better than p Ka values. Boronic acids were investigated, and 31P NMR binding experiments predicted strong hydrogen-bonding ability, for which catalytic activity was confirmed, resulting in the greatest rate enhancement observed in the Friedel-Crafts addition of all organocatalysts studied. A detailed investigation supports that boronic acid activation proceeds through hydrogen-bonding interactions and not coordination with the Lewis acidic boron center. Using 31P NMR spectroscopy offers a simple and rapid tool to quantify and predict hydrogen-bonding abilities for the design and applications of new organocatalysts and supramolecular synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla M Diemoz
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Annaliese K Franz
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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42
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Huang A, Zhang L, Li D, Liu Y, Yan H, Li W. Asymmetric One-Pot Construction of Three Stereogenic Elements: Chiral Carbon Center, Stereoisomeric Alkenes, and Chirality of Axial Styrenes. Org Lett 2018; 21:95-99. [PMID: 30565462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic enantioselective method for the synthesis of multiple stereoisomers bearing E, Z configurations, stereogenic carbon centers, and axially chiral styrenes is reported. The method enabled the rapid construction of a series of stereochemical complexity products with excellent E, Z selectivity, diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr), and enantioselectivity (up to 96% ee). This method provides an efficient and concise synthesis route of multiple stereoisomers with a wide range of potential applications in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong 266021 , P. R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong 266021 , P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331 , P. R. China
| | - Yidong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331 , P. R. China
| | - Hailong Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331 , P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong 266021 , P. R. China
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43
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44
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Fan Y, Payne C, Kass SR. Quantification of Catalytic Activity for Electrostatically Enhanced Thioureas via Reaction Kinetics and UV-vis Spectroscopic Measurement. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10855-10863. [PMID: 30021436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Charged thiourea derivatives containing one and two methylated or octylated pyridinium ion centers and a tetraarylborate or triflate counteranion are reported. These novel catalysts are much more active in the Friedel-Crafts reactions of trans-β-nitroalkenes with N-methylindoles than the privileged N, N'-bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea (i.e., Schreiner's thiourea) by up to 2-3 orders of magnitude. A previously reported UV-vis spectroscopic method by Kozlowski et al. was exploited to rationalize their reactivity order along with noncharged analogues. These results offer a new design strategy for organocatalysts by introducing positively charged centers without adding additional N-H, O-H, or S-H hydrogen bond donor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street, SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Curtis Payne
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street, SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Steven R Kass
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street, SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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45
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Yang JD, Ji P, Xue XS, Cheng JP. Recent Advances and Advisable Applications of Bond Energetics in Organic Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8611-8623. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengju Ji
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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46
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Andrés JM, Maestro A, Valle M, Pedrosa R. Chiral Bifunctional Thioureas and Squaramides and Their Copolymers as Recoverable Organocatalysts. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Substituted 4-Amino-3-nitrobenzopyrans and 3-Functionalized 3,4-Diamino-4H-Chromenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5546-5557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Andrés
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011-Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alicia Maestro
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011-Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Valle
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011-Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rafael Pedrosa
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011-Valladolid, Spain
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47
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Matador E, de Gracia Retamosa M, Monge D, Iglesias-Sigüenza J, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. Bifunctional Squaramide Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Addition of Formaldehyde tert-Butylhydrazone to Simple Aldehydes. Chemistry 2018; 24:6854-6860. [PMID: 29570872 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The nucleophilic addition of formaldehyde tert-butylhydrazone to simple aldehydes (a formal hetero-carbonyl-ene reaction) can be performed with good reactivity and excellent enantioselectivity by virtue of the dual hydrogen-bonding activation exerted by amide-squaramide organocatalysts. The resulting hydroxydiazenes (azo alcohols) were isolated in high yields as enantiomerically enriched azoxy compounds after a regioselective azo-to-azoxy transformation. Subsequent derivatization provides an entry to relevant amino alcohols, oxazolidinones, and derivatives thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Matador
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González, 1, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - María de Gracia Retamosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092, Seville, Spain)
| | - David Monge
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González, 1, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Iglesias-Sigüenza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González, 1, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), C/ Prof. García González, 1, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - José M Lassaletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092, Seville, Spain)
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48
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Vallejo Narváez WE, Jiménez EI, Romero-Montalvo E, Sauza-de la Vega A, Quiroz-García B, Hernández-Rodríguez M, Rocha-Rinza T. Acidity and basicity interplay in amide and imide self-association. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4402-4413. [PMID: 29896381 PMCID: PMC5956980 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple acid–base properties explain the differences in amide and imide dimerisation, and represent an alternative to the secondary interactions hypothesis.
Amides dimerise more strongly than imides despite their lower acidity. Such an unexpected result has been rationalised in terms of the Jorgensen Secondary Interactions Hypothesis (JSIH) that involves the spectator (C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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OS) and H-bonded (C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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OHB) carbonyl groups in imides. Notwithstanding the considerable body of experimental and theoretical evidence supporting the JSIH, there are some computational studies which suggest that there might be other relevant intermolecular interactions than those considered in this model. We conjectured that the spectator carbonyl moieties could disrupt the resonance-assisted hydrogen bonds in imide dimers, but our results showed that this was not the case. Intrigued by this phenomenon, we studied the self-association of a set of amides and imides via1H-NMR, 1H-DOSY experiments, DFT calculations, QTAIM topological analyses of the electron density and IQA partitions of the electronic energy. These analyses revealed that there are indeed repulsions of the type OS···OHB in accordance with the JSIH but our data also indicate that the C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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OS group has an overall attraction with the interacting molecule. Instead, we found correlations between self-association strength and simple Brønsted–Lowry acid/base properties, namely, N–H acidities and C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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O basicities. The results in CDCl3 and CCl4 indicate that imides dimerise less strongly than structurally related amides because of the lower basicity of their carbonyl fragments, a frequently overlooked aspect in the study of H-bonding. Overall, the model proposed herein could provide important insights in diverse areas of supramolecular chemistry such as the study of multiple hydrogen-bonded adducts which involve amide or imide functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmer E Vallejo Narváez
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Eddy I Jiménez
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Eduardo Romero-Montalvo
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Arturo Sauza-de la Vega
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Beatriz Quiroz-García
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Marcos Hernández-Rodríguez
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
| | - Tomás Rocha-Rinza
- Institute of Chemistry , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ciudad Universitaria , Circuito Exterior, Del. Coyoacán , Mexico City , 04510 , Mexico . ;
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49
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Kobayashi Y, Nakatsuji Y, Li S, Tsuzuki S, Takemoto Y. Direct N
-Glycofunctionalization of Amides with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidate by Thiourea/Halogen Bond Donor Co-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3646-3650. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Nakatsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shanji Li
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Initiative of Computational Sciences (RICS); Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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50
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Kobayashi Y, Nakatsuji Y, Li S, Tsuzuki S, Takemoto Y. Direct N
-Glycofunctionalization of Amides with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidate by Thiourea/Halogen Bond Donor Co-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Nakatsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shanji Li
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Initiative of Computational Sciences (RICS); Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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