1
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Raghava T, Bhavana P, Banerjee S. An Electrochemical Investigation into the Redox Properties of Push‐Pull Dibenzodioxins and Comparative Analysis with Analogous Heteroacenes. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Raghava
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar Goa 403726 India
| | - Purushothaman Bhavana
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar Goa 403726 India
| | - Subhadeep Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar Goa 403726 India
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2
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Yakiyama Y. Molecular-Shape-Organized Stimuli-Responsive Functional Crystalline Systems. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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3
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Gosselin AJ, Antonio AM, Korman KJ, Deegan MM, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Elaboration of Porous Salts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14956-14961. [PMID: 34498853 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A large library of novel porous salts based on charged coordination cages was synthesized via straightforward salt metathesis reactions. For these, solutions of salts of oppositely charged coordination cages are mixed to precipitate MOF-like permanently porous products where metal identity, pore size, ligand functional groups, and surface area are highly tunable. For most of these materials, the constituent cages combine in the ratios expected based on their charge. Additional studies focused on the rate of salt metathesis or reaction stoichiometry as variables to tune particle size or product composition, respectively. It is expected that the design principles outlined here will be widely applicable for the synthesis of new porous salts based on a variety of charged porous molecular precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeri J Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Alexandra M Antonio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kyle J Korman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Meaghan M Deegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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4
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Ivanova S, Köster E, Holstein JJ, Keller N, Clever GH, Bein T, Beuerle F. Isoreticular Crystallization of Highly Porous Cubic Covalent Organic Cage Compounds*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17455-17463. [PMID: 33905140 PMCID: PMC8362030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Modular frameworks featuring well-defined pore structures in microscale domains establish tailor-made porous materials. For open molecular solids however, maintaining long-range order after desolvation is inherently challenging, since packing is usually governed by only a few supramolecular interactions. Here we report on two series of nanocubes obtained by co-condensation of two different hexahydroxy tribenzotriquinacenes (TBTQs) and benzene-1,4-diboronic acids (BDBAs) with varying linear alkyl chains in 2,5-position. n-Butyl groups at the apical position of the TBTQ vertices yielded soluble model compounds, which were analyzed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. In contrast, methyl-substituted cages spontaneously crystallized as isostructural and highly porous solids with BET surface areas and pore volumes of up to 3426 m2 g-1 and 1.84 cm3 g-1 . Single crystal X-ray diffraction and sorption measurements revealed an intricate cubic arrangement of alternating micro- and mesopores in the range of 0.97-2.2 nm that are fine-tuned by the alkyl substituents at the BDBA linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ivanova
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische ChemieAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgCenter for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Theodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Eva Köster
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische ChemieAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgCenter for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Theodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Niklas Keller
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenDepartment of Chemistry & Center for NanoScience (CeNS)Butenandtstrasse 5–1381377MünchenGermany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenDepartment of Chemistry & Center for NanoScience (CeNS)Butenandtstrasse 5–1381377MünchenGermany
| | - Florian Beuerle
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische ChemieAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgCenter for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Theodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
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5
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Ivanova S, Köster E, Holstein JJ, Keller N, Clever GH, Bein T, Beuerle F. Isoretikuläre Kristallisation von hochporösen kubischen kovalentorganischen Käfigverbindungen**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ivanova
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Eva Köster
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Niklas Keller
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Department of Chemistry & Center for NanoScience (CeNS) Butenandtstraße 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Thomas Bein
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Department of Chemistry & Center for NanoScience (CeNS) Butenandtstraße 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Florian Beuerle
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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6
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Deegan MM, Dworzak MR, Gosselin AJ, Korman KJ, Bloch ED. Gas Storage in Porous Molecular Materials. Chemistry 2021; 27:4531-4547. [PMID: 33112484 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with permanent porosity in the solid state have been studied for decades. Porosity in these systems is governed by intrinsic pore space, as in cages or macrocycles, and extrinsic void space, created through loose, intermolecular solid-state packing. The development of permanently porous molecular materials, especially cages with organic or metal-organic composition, has seen increased interest over the past decade, and as such, incredibly high surface areas have been reported for these solids. Despite this, examples of these materials being explored for gas storage applications are relatively limited. This minireview outlines existing molecular systems that have been investigated for gas storage and highlights strategies that have been used to understand adsorption mechanisms in porous molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan M Deegan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Michael R Dworzak
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Aeri J Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Kyle J Korman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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7
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Huynh VN, Leitner M, Bhattacharyya A, Uhlstein L, Kreitmeier P, Sakrausky P, Rehbein J, Reiser O. Diels-Alder reactions and electrophilic substitutions with atypical regioselectivity enable functionalization of terminal rings of anthracene. Commun Chem 2020; 3:158. [PMID: 36703384 PMCID: PMC9814106 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversing the regioselectivity of the renowned Diels-Alder reaction by overriding the usual thermodynamic and kinetic governing factors has always been a formidable challenge to synthetic organic chemists. Anthracenes are well-known to undergo [4 + 2]-cycloadditions with dienophiles at their 9,10-positions (central ring) over 1,4-positions (terminal ring) guided by the relative aromatic stabilization energy of the two possible products, and also by harboring the largest orbital coefficients of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) at the 9,10-positions. We, herein, report a 1,4-selective [4 + 2]-cycloaddition strategy of 9,10-unsubstituted anthracenes by installing electron-donating substituents on the terminal rings which is heretofore unprecedented to the best of our knowledge. The developed synthetic strategy does not require any premeditated engagement of the 9,10-positions either with any sterically bulky or electron-withdrawing substituents and allows delicate calibration of the regioselectivity by modulating the electron-donating strength of the substituents on the terminal rings. Likewise, the regioselective functionalization of the terminal anthracene ring in electrophilic substitution reactions is demonstrated. A mechanistic rationale is offered with the aid of detailed computational studies, and finally, synthetic applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Ngoc Huynh
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany ,grid.454160.20000 0004 0642 8526University of Science, Vietnam National University, 227 Nguyễn Văn Cừ street, district 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Michael Leitner
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Uhlstein
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kreitmeier
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Sakrausky
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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8
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Synthesis of a triethylene glycol-capped benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']bis[2]benzopyran-5,12-dione: A highly soluble dilactone-bridged p-terphenyl with a crankshaft architecture. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Zhang G, Xue N, Gu W, Yang X, Lv A, Zheng Y, Zhang L. Regiocontrolled dimerization of asymmetric diazaheptacene derivatives toward X-shaped porous semiconductors. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11235-11243. [PMID: 34094364 PMCID: PMC8162510 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03744c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformationally rigid X-shaped PAHs are attracting interest due to their self-assembly into unique networks and as models to study through-space exciton and charge delocalization in one single molecule. We report here the synthesis of X-shaped PAHs by dimerization of diazaheptacene diimides. The diimide groups are employed to effectively direct the self-assembly into antiparallel dimer aggregates, which assist the compounds to undergo a regiocontrolled [4 + 4] dimerization, leading to an X-shaped conformation bearing electron-poor and -rich subunits. The resulting PAHs are found to pack in 2D layers with large open channels and infinite π⋯π arrays. Furthermore, these highly crystalline porous materials serve as electron-transporting materials in OFETs due to the long-range π-stacked arrays in the layers. This work presents a potentially generalizable strategy, which may provide a unique class of porous semiconductors for organic devices, taking advantage of their open channels. The synthesis of conformationally rigid X-shaped PAHs by regiocontrolled cyclodimerization of diazaheptacene diimides is presented. The resulting porous materials exhibit enhanced semiconducting behaviors with large open channels.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Xingzhou Yang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu 610054 P. R. China
| | - Aifeng Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu 610054 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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10
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Yakiyama Y, Fujinaka T, Nishimura M, Seki R, Sakurai H. Control by one drop of solvent: selective preparation of guest release/trap-triggered interconvertible molecular crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9687-9690. [PMID: 32696764 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03408h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Interconvertible molecular crystals 1close and 1open composed of 4-pyridyl-1,3-indanedione dimer 1 were selectively obtained. Thermal removal of solvent molecules in 1open afforded 1close. Further dipping of 1close in a specific solvent reproduced 1open. No crystallinity loss was observed even though both processes involved a drastic change of molecular packing arrangements.
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11
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12
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Prantl E, Kohl B, Ryvlin D, Biegger P, Wadepohl H, Rominger F, Bunz UHF, Mastalerz M, Waldvogel SR. Microporous Triptycene-Based Affinity Materials on Quartz Crystal Microbalances for Tracing of Illicit Compounds. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1239-1244. [PMID: 31944043 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triptycene-based organic molecules of intrinsic microporosity (OMIMs) with extended functionalized π-surfaces are excellent materials for gas sorption and separation. In this study, the affinities of triptycene-based OMIM affinity materials on 195 MHz high-fundamental-frequency quartz crystal microbalances (HFF-QCMs) for hazardous and illicit compounds such as piperonal and (-)-norephedrine were determined. Both new and existing porous triptycene-based affinity materials were investigated, resulting in very high sensitivities and selectivities that could be applied for sensing purposes. Remarkable results were found for safrole - a starting material for illicit compounds such as ecstasy. A systematic approach highlights the effects of different size of π-surfaces of these affinity materials, allowing a classification of the properties that might be optimal for the design of future OMIM-based affinity materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim Prantl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Kohl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrij Ryvlin
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Biegger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 271, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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13
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Hiscock LK, Yao C, Skene WG, Dawe LN, Maly KE. Synthesis of Emissive Heteroacene Derivatives via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15530-15537. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lana K. Hiscock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Chengzhang Yao
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - W. G. Skene
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Louise N. Dawe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Kenneth E. Maly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
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14
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Rathore R, Wadumethrige SH. Highly robust cation radical salts: Aromatic oxidants from cycloannulated aromatic donors. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Baig N, Shetty S, Al-Mousawi S, Al-Sagheer F, Alameddine B. Synthesis of triptycene-derived covalent organic polymer networks and their subsequent in-situ functionalization with 1,2-dicarbonyl substituents. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Hiscock LK, Raycraft BM, Wałęsa-Chorab M, Cambe C, Malinge A, Skene WG, Taing H, Eichhorn SH, Dawe LN, Maly KE. Synthesis and Characterization of Liquid-Crystalline Tetraoxapentacene Derivatives Exhibiting Aggregation-Induced Emission. Chemistry 2019; 25:1018-1028. [PMID: 30335207 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of new tetrakis(dialkoxyphenyl) dicyanotetraoxapentacene derivatives (1 a-c) were prepared by reaction of the appropriate terphenyl diols with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile in good yields. Compounds 1 b and 1 c, which bear hexyloxy and decyloxy side chains, exhibited columnar hexagonal mesophases, as shown by polarized optical microscopy, variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of methoxy-substituted 1 a revealed that the dicyanotetraoxapentacene core is highly planar, consistent with the notion that these molecules are able to stack in columnar mesophases. A detailed photophysical characterization showed that these compounds exhibit aggregation-induced emission in solution, emission in nonpolar solvents, weak emission in polar solvents, and strong emission in the solid state both as powder and in thin films. These observations are consistent with a weakly emissive charge-transfer state in polar solvents and a more highly emissive locally excited state in nonpolar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana K Hiscock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Brooke M Raycraft
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Monika Wałęsa-Chorab
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.,Current address: Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89b, 61614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Coralie Cambe
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alexandre Malinge
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - W G Skene
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Centre-ville Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hi Taing
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Essex Hall, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - S Holger Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Essex Hall, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Louise N Dawe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Kenneth E Maly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
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17
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García IG, Bernabei M, Haranczyk M. Toward Automated Tools for Characterization of Molecular Porosity. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:787-798. [PMID: 30521335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The emerging advanced porous materials, e.g. extended framework materials and porous molecular materials, offer an unprecedented level of control of their structure and function. The enormous possibilities for tuning these materials by changing their building blocks mean that, in principle, optimally performing materials for a variety of applications can be systematically designed. However, the process of finding a set of optimal structures for a given application requires computational high-throughput tools to analyze and sieve through many candidate materials. In particular, in the case of porous molecular materials, the analysis and selection of a molecule is one of the key aspects as the structure of the molecule determines the structure of the resulting material, and very often the porosity of the molecule significantly contributes to the porous properties of the resulting material. In this work, we introduce definitions and algorithms to characterize porosity at the molecular level, along with a software implementation of these algorithms. We demonstrate applications of the software tool in the discovery and characterization of porous molecules among ca. 94 million molecules currently enlisted in the PubChem database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Gómez García
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2 , 28906 Getafe, Madrid , Spain.,Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. Universidad 30 , 28911 Leganés , Spain
| | - Marco Bernabei
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2 , 28906 Getafe, Madrid , Spain
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2 , 28906 Getafe, Madrid , Spain.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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18
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Discrete Triptycene-Based Hexakis(metalsalphens): Extrinsic Soluble Porous Molecules of Isostructural Constitution. Chemistry 2018; 24:11433-11437. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Kupgan G, Abbott LJ, Hart KE, Colina CM. Modeling Amorphous Microporous Polymers for CO2 Capture and Separations. Chem Rev 2018; 118:5488-5538. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grit Kupgan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Lauren J. Abbott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kyle E. Hart
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Coray M. Colina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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20
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Covalent Organic Frameworks and Cage Compounds: Design and Applications of Polymeric and Discrete Organic Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4850-4878. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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21
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Kovalente organische Netzwerke und Käfigverbindungen: Design und Anwendungen von polymeren und diskreten organischen Gerüsten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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22
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Alameddine B, Baig N, Shetty S, Al-Sagheer F, Al-Mousawi S. Microwave-Assisted [4+2] Diels-Alder Cycloaddition of 1,4-Diethynyl Triptycene with Various Cyclopentadienone Derivatives: Promising Building Blocks for Polymer Networks. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Alameddine
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Gulf University for Science and Technology; Kuwait
| | - Noorullah Baig
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Gulf University for Science and Technology; Kuwait
| | - Suchetha Shetty
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Gulf University for Science and Technology; Kuwait
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23
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Bulfield D, Huber SM. Synthesis of Polyflourinated Biphenyls; Pushing the Boundaries of Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling with Electron-Poor Substrates. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13188-13203. [PMID: 29156885 PMCID: PMC5746848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Polyfluorinated biphenyls
are interesting and promising substrates
for many different applications. Unfortunately, all current methods
for the syntheses of these compounds only work for a hand full of
molecules or only in very special cases. Thus, many of these compounds
are still inaccessible to date. Here we report a general strategy
for the synthesis of a wide range of highly fluorinated biphenyls.
In our studies we investigated crucial parameters, such as different
phosphine ligands and the influence of various nucleophiles and electrophiles
with different degrees of fluorination. These results extend the scope
of the already very versatile Suzuki–Miyaura reaction toward
the synthesis of very electron-poor products, making these more readily
accessible. The presented methodology is scalable and versatile without
the need for elaborate phosphine ligands or Pd-precatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bulfield
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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24
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Hintz HA, Sortedahl NJ, Meyer SM, Decato DA, Dahl BJ. The synthesis of lactone-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivatives as pi-expanded coumarin triskelions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017; 58:4703-4708. [PMID: 29430066 PMCID: PMC5804744 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two triply lactone-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivatives with solubilizing moieties have been synthesized in five and six steps from commercially available starting materials. Compounds containing the 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene core with two atom bridges are relatively unknown. This new class of pi-expanded coumarins contain triskelion architectures and X-ray crystallographic studies of one of the triskelions indicates that the 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene core adopts a near-planar geometry. This is the only known example of a two atom-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivative to adopt a planar structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A. Hintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Sortedahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Samantha M. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Daniel A. Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Macromolecular X-ray Diffraction Facility, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, United States
| | - Bart J. Dahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
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25
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π-Extended triptycene-based material for capillary gas chromatographic separations. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 988:121-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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26
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Pyka I, Nikl J, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. The Role of Side-Arms for Supramolecular Affinity Materials Based on 9,9′-Spirobifluorenes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pyka
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Joachim Nikl
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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27
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Cooper AI. Porous Molecular Solids and Liquids. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:544-553. [PMID: 28691065 PMCID: PMC5492258 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, porous molecular solids were isolated curiosities with properties that were eclipsed by porous frameworks, such as metal-organic frameworks. Now molecules have emerged as a functional materials platform that can have high levels of porosity, good chemical stability, and, uniquely, solution processability. The lack of intermolecular bonding in these materials has also led to new, counterintuitive states of matter, such as porous liquids. Our ability to design these materials has improved significantly due to advances in computational prediction methods.
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28
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Pyka I, Lubczyk D, Saiju MDS, Salbeck J, Waldvogel SR. Solvent-Adaptive Behavior of Oligospirobifluorenes at the Surface of Quartz Crystal Microbalances-A Conformational Process. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1116-1120. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pyka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Lubczyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Mandira D. S. Saiju
- Institute of Chemistry; University Kassel; Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40 34132 Kassel Germany
| | - Josef Salbeck
- Institute of Chemistry; University Kassel; Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40 34132 Kassel Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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29
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Maly KE, Buck W, Dawe LN. Open network structures from 2D hydrogen bonded networks: diaminotriazyl tetraoxapentacenes. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of 1 show two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded sheets that are prevented from packing closely by the large core, resulting in open network structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E. Maly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Wilfrid Laurier University
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - William Buck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Wilfrid Laurier University
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Louise N. Dawe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Wilfrid Laurier University
- Waterloo
- Canada
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30
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Raju S, Annamalai P, Chen PL, Liu YH, Chuang SC. Iptycenes with an acridinone motif developed through [4+2] cycloaddition of tethered naphthalene and iminoquinone via a radical reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6247-6250. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of iptycenes was developed by combining 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)anilines and p-benzoquinones through copper(ii)-mediated radical cyclisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvam Raju
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | | | - Pei-Ling Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30013
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Instrumentation Center
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Shih-Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
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31
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Taylor RGD, Bezzu CG, Carta M, Msayib KJ, Walker J, Short R, Kariuki BM, McKeown NB. The Synthesis of Organic Molecules of Intrinsic Microporosity Designed to Frustrate Efficient Molecular Packing. Chemistry 2016; 22:2466-72. [PMID: 26751824 PMCID: PMC4755154 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Efficient reactions between fluorine-functionalised biphenyl and terphenyl derivatives with catechol-functionalised terminal groups provide a route to large, discrete organic molecules of intrinsic microporosity (OMIMs) that provide porous solids solely by their inefficient packing. By altering the size and substituent bulk of the terminal groups, a number of soluble compounds with apparent BET surface areas in excess of 600 m(2) g(-1) are produced. The efficiency of OMIM structural units for generating microporosity is in the order: propellane>triptycene>hexaphenylbenzene>spirobifluorene>naphthyl=phenyl. The introduction of bulky hydrocarbon substituents significantly enhances microporosity by further reducing packing efficiency. These results are consistent with findings from previously reported packing simulation studies. The introduction of methyl groups at the bridgehead position of triptycene units reduces intrinsic microporosity. This is presumably due to their internal position within the OMIM structure so that they occupy space, but unlike peripheral substituents they do not contribute to the generation of free volume by inefficient packing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Grazia Bezzu
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mariolino Carta
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Kadhum J Msayib
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Jonathan Walker
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Rhys Short
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - Neil B McKeown
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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32
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Granda JM, Grabowski J, Jurczak J. Synthesis, Structure, and Complexation Properties of a C3-Symmetrical Triptycene-Based Anion Receptor: Selectivity for Dihydrogen Phosphate. Org Lett 2015; 17:5882-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław M. Granda
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Grabowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Jurczak
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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33
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Kohl B, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Crystal Structures of a Molecule Designed Not To Pack Tightly. Chemistry 2015; 21:17308-13. [PMID: 26450149 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic molecules of intrinsic microporosity (OMIMs) are structurally constructed to not pack tightly. Consequently, only weak interactions between OMIM molecules can occur, which is the reason that almost all OMIMs have been described and investigated in their amorphous states. For the same reason it is very difficult to grow single crystals of OMIMs for X-ray structural analysis. Here we describe four different polymorphs of an OMIM that was before only described in the amorphous state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Kohl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany).
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34
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Vinogradov AS, Platonov VE. Synthesis of perfluorinated biaryls by reaction of perfluoroarylzinc compounds with perfluoroarenes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042801510005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Reinhard D, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Synthesis of Triphenylene-Based Triptycenes via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Subsequent Scholl Reaction. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9342-8. [PMID: 26315496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A two-step method (Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, followed by Scholl oxidation) to triphenylene-based triptycenes is described, rendering a variety of π-extended triptycenes accessible in high yields and without the necessity of column chromatography purification. The versatility of this reaction has been demonstrated in the synthesis of a supertriptycene in only four steps and high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Reinhard
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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36
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Tsuchido Y, Ide T, Suzaki Y, Osakada K. 1,4-Selective Diels–Alder Reaction of 9,10-Diethynylanthracene with 3,6-Difluorobenzyne. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohito Ide
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation
| | - Yuji Suzaki
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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37
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Khan MM, Filiz V, Emmler T, Abetz V, Koschine T, Rätzke K, Faupel F, Egger W, Ravelli L. Free volume and gas permeation in anthracene maleimide-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:214-27. [PMID: 26030881 PMCID: PMC4496641 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High free-volume copolymers were prepared via polycondensation with 2,3,5,6,-tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN) in which a portion of the 3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-1,1'-spirobisindane (TTSBI) of PIM-1 was replaced with dibutyl anthracene maleimide (4bIII). An investigation of free volume using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), and gas permeation measurements was carried out for the thin film composite copolymer membranes and compared to PIM-1. The average free volume hole size and the gas permeance of the copolymer membranes increased with decreasing TTSBI content in the copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntazim Munir Khan
- Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Volkan Filiz
- Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Thomas Emmler
- Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Toenjes Koschine
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Kiel, Technical Faculty, Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Klaus Rätzke
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Kiel, Technical Faculty, Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Franz Faupel
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Kiel, Technical Faculty, Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Werner Egger
- Institut für Angewandte Physik und Messtechnik, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany.
| | - Luca Ravelli
- Institut für Angewandte Physik und Messtechnik, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany.
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38
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Elbert SM, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Synthesis of a rigid C3v -symmetric tris-salicylaldehyde as a precursor for a highly porous molecular cube. Chemistry 2014; 20:16707-20. [PMID: 25335967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The development of a synthetic approach to a C3v -symmetric tris-salicylaldehyde based on triptycene is presented. The tris-salicylaldehyde is a versatile precursor for porous molecular materials, as demonstrated in the [4+4] condensation reaction with a triptycene triamine to form a molecular shape-persistent porous cube. The amorphous material of the molecular porous cube shows a very high surface area of 1014 m(2) g(-1) (BET model) and a high uptake of CO2 (18.2 wt % at 273 K and 1 bar). Furthermore, during the multistep synthesis of the tris-salicylaldehyde precursor, a relatively rare (twofold) addition of the aryne to the anthracene in the 1,4- and 1,4,5,8-positions have been found during a Diels-Alder reaction, as proven by X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven M Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
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