1
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Anderson JM, Poole DL, Cook GC, Murphy JA, Measom ND. Organometallic Bridge Diversification of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304070. [PMID: 38117748 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) derivatives have attracted significant recent interest in drug discovery as alkyne, tert-butyl and arene bioisosteres, where their incorporation is frequently associated with increased compound solubility and metabolic stability. While strategies for functionalisation of the bridgehead (1,3) positions are extensively developed, platforms allowing divergent substitution at the bridge (2,4,5) positions remain limited. Recent reports have introduced 1-electron strategies for arylation and incorporation of a small range of other substituents, but are limited in terms of scope, yields or practical complexity. Herein, we show the synthesis of diverse 1,2,3-trifunctionalised BCPs through lithium-halogen exchange of a readily accessible BCP bromide. When coupled with medicinally relevant product derivatisations, our developed 2-electron "late stage" approach provides rapid and straightforward access to unprecedented BCP structural diversity (>20 hitherto-unknown motifs reported). Additionally, we describe a method for the synthesis of enantioenriched "chiral-at-BCP" bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes through a novel stereoselective bridgehead desymmetrisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Anderson
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, UK, G1 1XL
| | - Darren L Poole
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, UK, G1 1XL
| | - Nicholas D Measom
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
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2
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Chatgilialoglu C, Barata-Vallejo S, Gimisis T. Radical Reactions in Organic Synthesis: Exploring in-, on-, and with-Water Methods. Molecules 2024; 29:569. [PMID: 38338314 PMCID: PMC10856544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Radical reactions in water or aqueous media are important for organic synthesis, realizing high-yielding processes under non-toxic and environmentally friendly conditions. This overview includes (i) a general introduction to organic chemistry in water and aqueous media, (ii) synthetic approaches in, on, and with water as well as in heterogeneous phases, (iii) reactions of carbon-centered radicals with water (or deuterium oxide) activated through coordination with various Lewis acids, (iv) photocatalysis in water and aqueous media, and (v) synthetic applications bioinspired by naturally occurring processes. A wide range of chemical processes and synthetic strategies under different experimental conditions have been reviewed that lead to important functional group translocation and transformation reactions, leading to the preparation of complex molecules. These results reveal how water as a solvent/medium/reagent in radical chemistry has matured over the last two decades, with further discoveries anticipated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sebastian Barata-Vallejo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Thanasis Gimisis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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3
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Alonso M, Cañellas S, Delgado F, Serrano M, Diéguez-Vázquez A, Gómez JE. Accelerated Synthesis of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines: A High-Throughput Approach. Org Lett 2023; 25:771-776. [PMID: 36724762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Strained bicyclic substructures such as bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines (BCPAs) are increasingly targeted in medicinal chemistry as arylamine bioisosteres. Here, we leverage high-throughput automated synthesis to rapidly develop library-amenable reaction conditions and maximize design space to expand access to BCPAs. This new protocol relies on a copper-mediated C-N coupling approach and uses accessible and bench-stable iodo-BCP building blocks. Its applicability has been exemplified by incorporating BCPs in drug-like compounds, providing straightforward access to a library of valuable aniline-like isosteres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maialen Alonso
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Santiago Cañellas
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisca Delgado
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marta Serrano
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Alejandro Diéguez-Vázquez
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - José Enrique Gómez
- Chemical Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
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4
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Pang Q, Li Y, Xie X, Tang J, Liu Q, Peng C, Li X, Han B. The emerging role of radical chemistry in the amination transformation of highly strained [1.1.1]propellane: Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamine as bioisosteres of anilines. Front Chem 2022; 10:997944. [PMID: 36339044 PMCID: PMC9634170 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.997944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines (BPCAs), emerging as sp3-rich surrogates for aniline and its derivatives, demonstrate unique structural features and physicochemical profiles in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. In recent years, compared with conventional synthetic approaches, the rapid development of radical chemistry enables the assembly of valuable bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines scaffold directly through the amination transformation of highly strained [1.1.1]propellane. In this review, we concisely summarize the emerging role of radical chemistry in the construction of BCPAs motif, highlighting two different and powerful radical-involved strategies including C-centered and N-centered radical pathways under appropriate conditions. The future direction concerning BCPAs is also discussed at the end of this review, which aims to provide some inspiration for the research of this promising project.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiang Li
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Bo Han,
| | - Bo Han
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Bo Han,
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5
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Jia SM, Huang YH, Wang ZL, Fan FX, Fan BH, Sun HX, Wang H, Wang F. Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Aliphatic Azides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16316-16324. [PMID: 36047787 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here an efficient and highly diastereoselective intermolecular anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with aliphatic azides in the presence of silane. The system tolerates a wide range of azides and alkenes and operates with alkene as limiting reagent. Mechanistic studies suggest a radical chain pathway that involves aminium radical formation, radical addition to alkenes and HAT from silane to β-aminium alkyl radical. The use of sterically bulky silane is proposed to contribute to the excellent diastereoselectivity for HAT. Computational analysis uncovers the reaction pathway of aliphatic azide activation with silyl radical for aminyl radical formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi-Hang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhan-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fang-Xu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bo-Han Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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6
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Lasányi D, Máth D, Tolnai GL. Synthesis and Use of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylaldehyde Building Blocks. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2393-2401. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Lasányi
- Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P. stny. 1/a, Budapest H1117, Hungary
| | - Dániel Máth
- Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P. stny. 1/a, Budapest H1117, Hungary
| | - Gergely L. Tolnai
- Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P. stny. 1/a, Budapest H1117, Hungary
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7
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Livesley S, Sterling AJ, Robertson CM, Goundry WRF, Morris JA, Duarte F, Aïssa C. Electrophilic Activation of [1.1.1]Propellane for the Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Substituted Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Livesley
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Alistair J. Sterling
- Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Craig M. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - William R. F. Goundry
- Early Chemical Development Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca Macclesfield SK10 2NA UK
| | - James A. Morris
- Syngenta International Research Centre Bracknell Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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8
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Yu Z, Shi L. Synthetic routes to bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines: booming toolkits for drug design. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00703g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the flourishing progress of modern medicinal chemistry, the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines (BCPAs) have come to the fore as bioisosteres of arylamine motifs to reduce the growing concern about arylamines’ risks related...
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9
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Grygorenko OO, Volochnyuk DM, Vashchenko BV. Emerging Building Blocks for Medicinal Chemistry: Recent Synthetic Advances. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M. Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Murmanska Street 5 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V. Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
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10
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Livesley S, Sterling AJ, Robertson CM, Goundry WRF, Morris JA, Duarte F, Aïssa C. Electrophilic Activation of [1.1.1]Propellane for the Synthesis of Nitrogen-Substituted Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111291. [PMID: 34705316 PMCID: PMC9299141 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Strategies commonly used for the synthesis of functionalised bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCP) rely on the reaction of [1.1.1]propellane with anionic or radical intermediates. In contrast, electrophilic activation has remained a considerable challenge due to the facile decomposition of BCP cations, which has severely limited the applications of this strategy. Herein, we report the electrophilic activation of [1.1.1]propellane in a halogen bond complex, which enables its reaction with electron‐neutral nucleophiles such as anilines and azoles to give nitrogen‐substituted BCPs that are prominent motifs in drug discovery. A detailed computational analysis indicates that the key halogen bonding interaction promotes nucleophilic attack without sacrificing cage stabilisation. Overall, our work rehabilitates electrophilic activation of [1.1.1]propellane as a valuable strategy for accessing functionalised BCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Livesley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Alistair J Sterling
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - William R F Goundry
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK
| | - James A Morris
- Syngenta, International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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11
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Pickford HD, Nugent J, Owen B, Mousseau JJ, Smith RC, Anderson EA. Twofold Radical-Based Synthesis of N, C-Difunctionalized Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9729-9736. [PMID: 34161076 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamines (BCPAs) are of growing importance to the pharmaceutical industry as sp3-rich bioisosteres of anilines and N-tert-butyl groups. Here we report a facile synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted BCPAs using a twofold radical functionalization strategy. Sulfonamidyl radicals, generated through fragmentation of α-iodoaziridines, undergo initial addition to [1.1.1]propellane to afford iodo-BCPAs; the newly formed C-I bond in these products is then functionalized via a silyl-mediated Giese reaction. This chemistry also translates smoothly to 1,3-disubstituted iodo-BCPs. A wide variety of radical acceptors and iodo-BCPAs are accommodated, providing straightforward access to an array of valuable aniline-like isosteres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D Pickford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Nugent
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Owen
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Russell C Smith
- Janssen PRD, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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12
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Donnelly K, Baumann M. A continuous flow synthesis of [1.1.1]propellane and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2871-2874. [PMID: 33616143 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08124h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A continuous flow process to generate [1.1.1]propellane on demand is presented rendering solutions of [1.1.1]propellane that can directly be derivatised into various bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) species. This was realised in throughputs up to 8.5 mmol h-1 providing an attractive and straightforward access to gram quantities of selected BCP building blocks. Lastly, a continuous photochemical transformation of [1.1.1]propellane into valuable BCPs bearing mixed ester/acyl chloride moieties was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Science Centre South, Belfield, D04 N2E2, Ireland.
| | - Marcus Baumann
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Science Centre South, Belfield, D04 N2E2, Ireland.
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13
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Sitte E, Twamley B, Grover N, Senge MO. Investigation of the Reactivity of 1-Azido-3-iodobicyclo[1.1.1]pentane under "Click" Reaction Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1238-1245. [PMID: 33283512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) unit is under scrutiny as a bioisostere in drug molecules. We employed methodologies for the synthesis of different BCP triazole building blocks from one precursor, 1-azido-3-iodobicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, by "click" reactions and integrated cycloaddition-Sonogashira coupling reactions. Thereby, we accessed 1,4-disubstituted triazoles, 5-iodo-1,4,5-trisubstituted triazoles, and 5-alkynylated 1,4,5-trisubstituted triazoles. This gives entry to the synthesis of multiply substituted BCP triazoles on either a modular or a one-pot basis. These methodologies were further utilized for appending porphyrin moieties onto the BCP core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Sitte
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Bär RM, Gross PJ, Nieger M, Bräse S. Sodium Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanesulfinate: A Bench-Stable Precursor for Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylsulfones and Bicyclo- [1.1.1]pentanesulfonamides. Chemistry 2020; 26:4242-4245. [PMID: 31922305 PMCID: PMC7187227 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis of the bench-stable sodium bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanesulfinate (BCP-SO2 Na) and its application in the synthesis of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl (BCP) sulfones and sulfonamides. The salt can be obtained in a four-step procedure from commercially available precursors in multigram scale without the need for column chromatography or crystallization. Sulfinates are known to be useful precursors in radical and nucleophilic reactions and are widely used in medicinal chemistry. This building block enables access to BCP sulfones and sulfonamides avoiding the volatile [1.1.1]propellane which is favorable for the extension of SAR studies. Further, BCP-SO2 Na enables the synthesis of products that were not available with previous methods. A chlorination of BCP-SO2 Na and subsequent reaction with a Grignard reagent provides a new route to BCP sulfoxides. Several products were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M. Bär
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Patrick J. Gross
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBirkendorfer Straße 6588397Biberach an der RißGermany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP.O. Box 55 (A. I. Virtasen aukio 1)00014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems–FMSKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Herman-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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15
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16
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Ma X, Nhat Pham L. Selected Topics in the Syntheses of Bicyclo[1.1.1]Pentane (BCP) Analogues. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshen Ma
- Department of Discovery ChemistryMerck & Co., Inc. 33 Ave. Louis Pasteur Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Luu Nhat Pham
- Department of Discovery ChemistryMerck & Co., Inc. 33 Ave. Louis Pasteur Boston MA 02215 USA
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17
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Lasányi D, Tolnai GL. Copper-Catalyzed Ring Opening of [1.1.1]Propellane with Alkynes: Synthesis of Exocyclic Allenic Cyclobutanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:10057-10062. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Lasányi
- Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P. setany. 1/a, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely L. Tolnai
- Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P. setany. 1/a, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Wong MLJ, Mousseau JJ, Mansfield SJ, Anderson EA. Synthesis of Enantioenriched α-Chiral Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2408-2411. [PMID: 30869907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs), useful surrogates for para-substituted arenes, alkynes, and tert-butyl groups in medicinal chemistry, are challenging to prepare when featuring stereogenic centers adjacent to the BCP. We report the development of an efficient route to α-chiral BCPs, via highly diastereoselective asymmetric enolate functionalization. We also describe the application of this chemistry to the synthesis of BCP analogues of phenylglycine and tarenflurbil, the single enantiomer of the NSAID flurbiprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L J Wong
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Steven J Mansfield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
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19
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Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C, Landais Y, Timokhin VI. Thirty Years of (TMS)3SiH: A Milestone in Radical-Based Synthetic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6516-6572. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Ferreri
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yannick Landais
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 cours de la libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Vitaliy I. Timokhin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
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20
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Caputo DFJ, Arroniz C, Dürr AB, Mousseau JJ, Stepan AF, Mansfield SJ, Anderson EA. Synthesis and applications of highly functionalized 1-halo-3-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5295-5300. [PMID: 29997886 PMCID: PMC6001403 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) are important bioisosteres of 1,4-disubstituted arenes, tert-butyl and acetylenic groups that can impart physicochemical benefits on drug candidates. Here we describe the synthesis of BCPs bearing carbon and halogen substituents under exceptionally mild reaction conditions, via triethylborane-initiated atom-transfer radical addition ring-opening of tricyclo[1.1.1.01,3]pentane (TCP) with alkyl halides. This chemistry displays broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, enabling application to BCP analogues of biologically-relevant targets such as peptides, nucleosides, and pharmaceuticals. The BCP halide products can be converted to the parent phenyl/tert-butyl surrogates through triethylborane-promoted dehalogenation, or to other derivatives including carbonyls, alcohols, and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri F J Caputo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Carlos Arroniz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Alexander B Dürr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton , CT 06340 , USA
| | - Antonia F Stepan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , 600 Main Street , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA
| | - Steven J Mansfield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
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21
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Thirumoorthi NT, Adsool VA. A practical metal-free homolytic aromatic alkylation protocol for the synthesis of 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:9485-9489. [PMID: 27714331 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As a part of our ongoing synthetic quest to expand the frontiers of contemporary medicinal chemistry, we now report an expedient synthesis of a potentially useful bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane building block, 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acid. This report also showcases the application of this motif as a probe in a biological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navanita T Thirumoorthi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore.
| | - Vikrant A Adsool
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore.
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22
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Kanazawa J, Maeda K, Uchiyama M. Radical Multicomponent Carboamination of [1.1.1]Propellane. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17791-17794. [PMID: 29131599 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional, small-ring scaffolds are very important in modern drug discovery to expand the available drug-like chemical space and to optimize drug candidates. Among them, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) is regarded as a high-value bioisostere for a phenyl ring or tert-butyl group; it provides an option to generate drug-like molecules with good passive permeability, high aqueous solubility, and improved metabolic stability, though the lack of methodology to functionalize BCP remains a significant challenge. Here we present an efficient method, developed with the aid of density functional theory calculations, for the synthesis of multifunctionalized BCP derivatives by means of a radical multicomponent carboamination of [1.1.1]propellane. This reaction features mild conditions, one-pot operation, and gram-scale synthetic capability, and opens up a unique and highly efficient route for the synthesis of multifunctionalized BCP derivatives, including synthetically useful 3-substituted BCP-amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Kanazawa
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc. , 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan.,Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Katsuya Maeda
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc. , 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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23
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24
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Goh YL, Cui YT, Pendharkar V, Adsool VA. Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of BCP-Resveratrol. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:516-520. [PMID: 28523103 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, resveratrol has gained significance due to its impressive array of biological activities; however, its true potential as a drug has been severely constrained by its poor bioavailability. Indeed, several studies have implicated this bioavailability trait as a major road-block to resveratrol's potential clinical applications. To mitigate this pharmacokinetic issue, we envisioned a tactical bioisosteric modification of resveratrol to bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) resveratrol. Relying on the beneficial bioisosteric potential demonstrated by the BCP-scaffold, we hypothesized that BCP-resveratrol would have an inherently better in vivo PK profile as compared to its natural counterpart. To validate such a hypothesis, it was necessary to secure a synthetic access to this novel structure. Herein we describe the first synthesis of BCP-resveratrol and disclose its PK properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ling Goh
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore
| | - Yan Ting Cui
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore
| | - Vishal Pendharkar
- Experimental
Therapeutic Center (ETC), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis way, Nanos, #03-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Vikrant A. Adsool
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore
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25
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Auberson YP, Brocklehurst C, Furegati M, Fessard TC, Koch G, Decker A, La Vecchia L, Briard E. Improving Nonspecific Binding and Solubility: Bicycloalkyl Groups and Cubanes as para-Phenyl Bioisosteres. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:590-598. [PMID: 28319646 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bicycloalkyl groups have been previously described as phenyl group bioisosteres. This article describes the synthesis of new building blocks allowing their introduction into complex molecules, and explores their use as a means to modify the physicochemical properties of drug candidates and improve the quality of imaging agents. In particular, the replacement of an aromatic ring with a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl (BCP) group improves aqueous solubility by at least 50-fold, and markedly decreases nonspecific binding (NSB) as measured by CHI(IAM), the chromatographic hydrophobicity index on immobilized artificial membranes. Structural variations with the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl group led to more lipophilic molecules and did not show the same benefits regarding NSB or solubility, whereas substitutions with cubane-1,4-diyl showed improvements for both parameters. These results confirm the potential advantages of both BCP and cubane motifs as bioisosteric replacements for optimizing para-phenyl-substituted molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves P Auberson
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cara Brocklehurst
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Furegati
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C Fessard
- SpiroChem AG, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, LOC-HCI-H337, Wolfgang-Pauli Str. 10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Koch
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Decker
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi La Vecchia
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Briard
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 141 Klybeckstrasse, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
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26
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Lopchuk JM, Fjelbye K, Kawamata Y, Malins LR, Pan CM, Gianatassio R, Wang J, Prieto L, Bradow J, Brandt TA, Collins MR, Elleraas J, Ewanicki J, Farrell W, Fadeyi OO, Gallego GM, Mousseau JJ, Oliver R, Sach NW, Smith JK, Spangler JE, Zhu H, Zhu J, Baran PS. Strain-Release Heteroatom Functionalization: Development, Scope, and Stereospecificity. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3209-3226. [PMID: 28140573 PMCID: PMC5334783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Driven by the ever-increasing pace
of drug discovery and the need
to push the boundaries of unexplored chemical space, medicinal chemists
are routinely turning to unusual strained bioisosteres such
as bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, azetidine, and cyclobutane to modify their
lead compounds. Too often, however, the difficulty of installing these
fragments surpasses the challenges posed even by the construction
of the parent drug scaffold. This full account describes the development
and application of a general strategy where spring-loaded, strained
C–C and C–N bonds react with amines to allow for the
“any-stage” installation of small, strained ring systems.
In addition to the functionalization of small building blocks and
late-stage intermediates, the methodology has been applied to bioconjugation
and peptide labeling. For the first time, the stereospecific strain-release
“cyclopentylation” of amines, alcohols, thiols,
carboxylic acids, and other heteroatoms is introduced. This report
describes the development, synthesis, scope of reaction, bioconjugation,
and synthetic comparisons of four new chiral “cyclopentylation”
reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Lopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kasper Fjelbye
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chung-Mao Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan Gianatassio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - James Bradow
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas A Brandt
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michael R Collins
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeff Elleraas
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jason Ewanicki
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - William Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Olugbeminiyi O Fadeyi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert Oliver
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Neal W Sach
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jason K Smith
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jillian E Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Huichin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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27
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Gianatassio R, Lopchuk JM, Wang J, Pan CM, Malins LR, Prieto L, Brandt TA, Collins MR, Gallego GM, Sach NW, Spangler JE, Zhu H, Zhu J, Baran PS. Organic chemistry. Strain-release amination. Science 2016; 351:241-6. [PMID: 26816372 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To optimize drug candidates, modern medicinal chemists are increasingly turning to an unconventional structural motif: small, strained ring systems. However, the difficulty of introducing substituents such as bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes, azetidines, or cyclobutanes often outweighs the challenge of synthesizing the parent scaffold itself. Thus, there is an urgent need for general methods to rapidly and directly append such groups onto core scaffolds. Here we report a general strategy to harness the embedded potential energy of effectively spring-loaded C-C and C-N bonds with the most oft-encountered nucleophiles in pharmaceutical chemistry, amines. Strain-release amination can diversify a range of substrates with a multitude of desirable bioisosteres at both the early and late stages of a synthesis. The technique has also been applied to peptide labeling and bioconjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gianatassio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Justin M Lopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chung-Mao Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas A Brandt
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Michael R Collins
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Gary M Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Neal W Sach
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jillian E Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Huichin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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28
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Goh YL, Adsool VA. Radical fluorination powered expedient synthesis of 3-fluorobicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-amine. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11597-601. [PMID: 26553141 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02066b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of novel chemical space, a modern trend in medicinal chemistry, is heavily reliant on synthetic access to new and interesting building blocks. In this direction, the following work describes an expedient synthesis of one such moiety, 3-fluorobicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-amine, by employing radical fluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ling Goh
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01, Singapore 138665, Singapore.
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29
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Druzhenko T, Denisenko O, Kheylik Y, Zozulya S, Shishkina SS, Tolmachev A, Mykhailiuk PK. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of SO2-Containing Azabicyclo[3.n.1]alkanes: Promising Building Blocks for Drug Discovery. Org Lett 2015; 17:1922-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Druzhenko
- Enamine, Ltd., Chervonotkatska
78, Kyiv 01103, Ukraine
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska
64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
| | | | - Yuri Kheylik
- Enamine, Ltd., Chervonotkatska
78, Kyiv 01103, Ukraine
| | | | - Svitlana S. Shishkina
- STC
‘Institute for Single Crystals’, NAS of Ukraine 60 Lenina
Avenue, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Andrei Tolmachev
- Enamine, Ltd., Chervonotkatska
78, Kyiv 01103, Ukraine
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska
64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
| | - Pavel K. Mykhailiuk
- Enamine, Ltd., Chervonotkatska
78, Kyiv 01103, Ukraine
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska
64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
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30
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Thirumoorthi NT, Jia Shen C, Adsool VA. Expedient synthesis of 3-phenylbicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-amine via metal-free homolytic aromatic alkylation of benzene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3139-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09655j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The inquisitiveness on the use of the BCP motif as a modern lead optimization tactic entails reliable synthetic access. In that direction, we disclose a new and versatile approach to 3-phenylbicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-amine, via metal-free homolytic alkylation of benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navanita T. Thirumoorthi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES)
- Agency for Science
- Technology, and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138667
- Singapore
| | - Chew Jia Shen
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES)
- Agency for Science
- Technology, and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138667
- Singapore
| | - Vikrant A. Adsool
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES)
- Agency for Science
- Technology, and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138667
- Singapore
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