1
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Hu W, Huang J, Yao J, Guo W, Gao G, Yin F, Hu H, Pei X, Wang H, Tao C. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Dearomatization of Indoles to Achieve Carbonyl-Containing Spirocyclic Indolenines Bearing an All-Carbon Quaternary Center. Org Lett 2023; 25:5951-5956. [PMID: 37535423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed carbonylative dearomatization via an acyl Pd complex has been developed. Diversified carbonyl-containing spirocyclic indolenines with an all-carbon quaternary center were constructed in an efficient and straightforward way with good to excellent yields. The protocol features a simple catalytic system, operational simplicity, a broad substrate scope, easy scale-up, and versatile transformations. In addition, the asymmetric reaction was initially explored with moderate enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyu Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Gao
- Jiangsu Province Lianyungang Flood Control and Motorized Rescue Team, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fujun Yin
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayou Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Xiaoqin Pei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanzhou Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Chen X, He P, Xia S, Cui L, Zhong G, Yang L. NHC-Activations on α-, β-, γ-, and Beyond. CHEM REC 2023:e202200279. [PMID: 36916715 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the recent decades, due to the special electronic characteristics and diverse reactivities, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) has received significant interest in organocatalyzed reactions. The formation of Breslow intermediates by NHC can convert into acyl anion equivalent, enolates, homoenolate, acyl azolium, and vinyl enolate etc., and the cycloaddition reactions of these species has attracted lots of attention. In this review, we focus on the summry of the development of NHC-activation of carbonyl carbon (or imine carbon) in situ, α-, β-, γ-, and beyond, and the cycloaddition reaction of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Pengyu He
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Lixin Cui
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo, 315200, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
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3
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Kamlar M, Urban M, Veselý J. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds Using a Combination of Organocatalysis and Transition-Metal Catalysis. CHEM REC 2023:e202200284. [PMID: 36703545 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last ten years, the combination of organocatalysis with transition metal (TM) catalysis has become one of the most important toolboxes used for synthesizing optically pure compounds containing chiral quaternary centers, including spiro heterocyclic molecules. The dominant method in the enantioselective synthesis of spiro heterocyclic compounds based on synergistic catalysis includes chiral aminocatalysis and NHC catalysis, as already established covalent organocatalytic strategies. Another area of organocatalysis widely combined with TM catalysis producing enantiomerically enriched spiro heterocyclic compounds is non-covalent catalysis, dominated by chiral phosphoric acids, thiourea, and squaramide derivatives. This review article aims to summarize enantioselective methods used for constructing spirocyclic heterocycles based on a combination of organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kamlar
- Charles University Faculty of Science: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Michal Urban
- Charles University Faculty of Science: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Jan Veselý
- Charles University Faculty of Science: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
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4
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Lóška L, Dočekal V, Císařová I, Veselý J. Stereoselective N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition: Access to Chiral Heterocyclic Cyclohexenones. Org Lett 2023; 25:174-178. [PMID: 36595711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports an asymmetric NHC-catalyzed formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of heterocyclic alkenes containing a polarized double bond with an azolium-dienolate intermediate generated from α-bromo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes without external oxidation of the Breslow intermediate. Heterocyclic cyclohexenones were produced in good isolated yields (typically about 90%) with good stereochemical outcomes (in most cases, dr > 20/1, and ee = 70-99%). The synthetic utility of the protocol was exemplified by the scope of heterocyclic alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Lóška
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Dočekal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Veselý
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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5
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Chen X, Xia S, Hu X, Zhong G, Yang L. Chiral NHC-Catalyzed [4+2] Cycloadditions: Highly Diastereo/Enantioselective Access to Spiro[cyclohex-4-ene-1,3'-indoles] and DFT Calculations. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203818. [PMID: 36638350 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient NHC-catalyzed cycloaddition of (E)-alkenylisatins and γ-chloroenals with a broad substrate scope has been developed to provide spiro[cyclohex-4-ene-1,3'-indole] in good yields (up to 99 % yield) with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20 : 1 d.r., >99 % ee) under mild conditions without the use of metal and additives. Based on computational investigations, the role of the NHC on the diastereo- and enantioselectivity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoru Hu
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, P.R. China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, P.R. China
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6
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Wang H, Chi YR, Huang X. Enantioselective Dual Catalysis of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Organocatalysts. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Wang
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science CHINA
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Xuan Huang
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science CHINA
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7
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NHC Catalyzed β-Carbon functionalization of carboxylic esters towards formation of δ-Lactams: A mechanistic study. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Babar K, Zahoor AF, Ahmad S, Akhtar R. Recent synthetic strategies toward the synthesis of spirocyclic compounds comprising six-membered carbocyclic/heterocyclic ring systems. Mol Divers 2021; 25:2487-2532. [PMID: 32696299 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spirocyclic compounds fascinate the synthetic chemists due to their privileged ring system and efficacy in drug discovery. Many natural compounds comprise spirocyclic moiety in their skeleton and are effective in pharmaceutical industry. Over the years, many synthetic methodologies have been established for the construction of spirocyclic compounds. In this review, recent synthetic approaches to accessing various spirocompounds comprising six-membered carbocycles/heterocycles have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashaf Babar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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9
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Zhao C, Blaszczyk SA, Wang J. Asymmetric reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based chiral acyl azoliums and azolium enolates. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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10
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Wittmann S, Martzel T, Pham Truong CT, Toffano M, Oudeyer S, Guillot R, Bournaud C, Gandon V, Brière J, Vo‐Thanh G. Alkylidene Meldrum's Acids as Platforms for the Vinylogous Synthesis of Dihydropyranones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Wittmann
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Thomas Martzel
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN INSA Rouen CNRS COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Cong Thanh Pham Truong
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Martial Toffano
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Sylvain Oudeyer
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN INSA Rouen CNRS COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Chloée Bournaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS UMR 9168 Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
| | | | - Giang Vo‐Thanh
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
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11
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Wittmann S, Martzel T, Pham Truong CT, Toffano M, Oudeyer S, Guillot R, Bournaud C, Gandon V, Brière J, Vo‐Thanh G. Alkylidene Meldrum's Acids as Platforms for the Vinylogous Synthesis of Dihydropyranones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11110-11114. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Wittmann
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Thomas Martzel
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN INSA Rouen CNRS COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Cong Thanh Pham Truong
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Martial Toffano
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Sylvain Oudeyer
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN INSA Rouen CNRS COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Chloée Bournaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS UMR 9168 Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
| | | | - Giang Vo‐Thanh
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France
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12
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He C, Zhou Y, Li Z, Xu J, Chen X. N-Heterocyclic carbene catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 3] cycloaddtion of β,β-disubstituted, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic esters with 3-aminobenzofurans. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01489c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed β-carbon functionalization reaction to afford enantioenriched benzofuran fused δ-lactams bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter is documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglong He
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Zhanhuan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Xingkuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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13
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Gao J, Feng J, Du D. Generation of azolium dienolates as versatile nucleophilic synthons via N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01127h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent advances in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed generation of azolium dienolates from different precursors and their synthetic applications for the construction of various valuable molecules are summarized comprehensively in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, P. R. China
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14
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Jia Y, Li L, Duan L, Li Y. The
aza
‐Prins Cyclization of Unfunctionalized Olefins Promoted by NHC‐Cu Complex and ZrCl
4. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research Nankai University Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research Nankai University Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research Nankai University Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Yue‐Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research Nankai University Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
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15
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Liu L, Guo D, Wang J. NHC-Catalyzed Asymmetric α-Regioselective [4 + 2] Annulation to Construct α-Alkylidene-δ-lactones. Org Lett 2020; 22:7025-7029. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lala Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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16
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Chen X, Wang H, Jin Z, Chi YR. N
‐Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalysis: Activation Modes and Typical Reactive Intermediates. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingkuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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17
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Yan J, Song Z, Zhao C, Shi K, Yang L, Zhong G. Highly Chemoselective and Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,4-2 H-Pyrindin-2-ones by an NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Cyclization. Org Lett 2020; 22:3329-3334. [PMID: 32157889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly chemoselective and enantioselective cyclization of γ-chloroenals and ketimines has been developed to synthesize enantiopure 3,4-2H-pyrindin-2-ones as major products. It is proposed that the intermediate enone IV reacted with an enamine to proceed with a [3 + 3] cyclization, thereby affording 3,4-2H-pyrindin-2-ones as major products. Interestingly, the addition of LiCl promoted the formation of the enamine and accelerated the [3 + 3] cyclization. In contrast, the [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between the intermediate vinyl enolate VIII and an imine offered 5,6-2H-pyrindin-2-ones as minor products. This protocol represents the exceptional potential of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalytic reactions in accessing biologically active 3,4-2H-pyrindin-2-one derivatives in good yield with high chemoselectivities and excellent enantiomeric purities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhaoxin Song
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chengtao Zhao
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Kuangxi Shi
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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18
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Curti C, Battistini L, Sartori A, Zanardi F. New Developments of the Principle of Vinylogy as Applied to π-Extended Enolate-Type Donor Systems. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2448-2612. [PMID: 32040305 PMCID: PMC7993750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The principle of vinylogy states that the electronic effects of a functional group in a molecule are possibly transmitted to a distal position through interposed conjugated multiple bonds. As an emblematic case, the nucleophilic character of a π-extended enolate-type chain system may be relayed from the legitimate α-site to the vinylogous γ, ε, ..., ω remote carbon sites along the chain, provided that suitable HOMO-raising strategies are adopted to transform the unsaturated pronucleophilic precursors into the reactive polyenolate species. On the other hand, when "unnatural" carbonyl ipso-sites are activated as nucleophiles (umpolung), vinylogation extends the nucleophilic character to "unnatural" β, δ, ... remote sites. Merging the principle of vinylogy with activation modalities and concepts such as iminium ion/enamine organocatalysis, NHC-organocatalysis, cooperative organo/metal catalysis, bifunctional organocatalysis, dicyanoalkylidene activation, and organocascade reactions represents an impressive step forward for all vinylogous transformations. This review article celebrates this evolutionary progress, by collecting, comparing, and critically describing the achievements made over the nine year period 2010-2018, in the generation of vinylogous enolate-type donor substrates and their use in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Franca Zanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli
Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università
di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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19
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Wang X, Wang Y, Song J, Wei D. Insights into N-heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of α,β-unsaturated aldehyde with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds have been systematically studied in theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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20
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N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)/Metal Cooperative Catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:35. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Abstract
In the last ten years, the combination of Lewis acid with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis has emerged as a powerful strategy in a variety of important asymmetric synthesis, due to the ready availability of starting materials, operational simplicity and mild reaction conditions. Recent findings illustrate that Lewis acid could largely enhance the efficiency and enantioselectivity, reverse the diastereoselectivity, and even influence the pathway of the same reaction partners. Herein, this review aims to reveal the recent advances in NHC-Lewis acid synergistically promoted enantioselective reactions for the expeditious assembly of versatile biologically important chiral pharmaceuticals and natural products.
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22
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Hu JM, Zhang JQ, Sun BB, Chen JB, Yu JQ, Yang XP, Lv HP, Wang Z, Wang XW. Chiral N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Cascade Asymmetric Desymmetrization of Cyclopentenediones with Enals: Access to Optically Active 1,3-Indandione Derivatives. Org Lett 2019; 21:8582-8586. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing-Bing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun-Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie-Qiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao-Peng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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23
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He C, Li Z, Zhou H, Xu J. Stereoselective [8 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Azaheptafulvenes with α-Chloro Aldehydes via N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:8022-8026. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chonglong He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhanhuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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24
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Zhao C, Shi K, He G, Gu Q, Ru Z, Yang L, Zhong G. NHC-Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal [4 + 2] Annulation To Construct Spirocyclohexane Pyrazolone Skeletons. Org Lett 2019; 21:7943-7947. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Zhao
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Kuangxi Shi
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Gao He
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qingxiu Gu
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhenyuan Ru
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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25
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Fang S, Jin S, Ma R, Lu T, Du D. Asymmetric Synthesis of C2-Quaternary Indolin-3-ones Enabled by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:5211-5214. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
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26
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Balaboina R, Thirukovela N, Kankala S, Balasubramanian S, Bathula SR, Vadde R, Jonnalagadda SB, Vasam CS. Synergistic Catalysis of Ag(I) and Organo‐
N
‐heterocyclic Carbenes: One‐Pot Synthesis of New Anticancer Spirooxindole‐1,4‐dihydropyridines. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Balaboina
- Department of ChemistryKakatiya University Warangal- 506009, Telangana State India
| | | | - Shravankumar Kankala
- Department of ChemistryKakatiya University Warangal- 506009, Telangana State India
| | - Sridhar Balasubramanian
- X-ray Crystallography DivisionCSIR–Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007, Telangana State India
| | - Surendar Reddy Bathula
- Division of Natural Product ChemistryCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007, Telangana State India
| | - Ravinder Vadde
- Department of ChemistryKakatiya University Warangal- 506009, Telangana State India
| | - Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Kwazulu-NatalWestville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban- 4000, South Africa
| | - Chandra Sekhar Vasam
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryTelangana University Nizamabad- 503322, Telangana State India
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27
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Gao Y, Liu D, Fu Z, Huang W. Facile Synthesis of 2,2-Diacyl Spirocyclohexanones via an N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Formal [3C + 3C] Annulation. Org Lett 2019; 21:926-930. [PMID: 30714381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the construction of 2,2-diacyl spirocyclohexanones 3 has been demonstrated on the basis of an NHC-catalyzed [3C + 3C] annulation of potassium 2-oxo-3-enoates with 2-ethylidene 1,3-indandiones. Furthermore, enantioenriched 3 was obtained in good to excellent yields with good enantioselectivities when chiral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) was employed. Notably, ring opening of the resulting 2,2-diacyl spirocyclohexanones 3 with hydrazine led to the formation of phthalazinones in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Gao
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China.,Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Dehai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Zhenqian Fu
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China.,Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China.,Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
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28
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Wang Y, Wu QY, Lai TH, Zheng KJ, Qu LB, Wei D. Prediction on the origin of selectivities of NHC-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization (CADA) reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02238k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and origin of selectivities of NHC-catalyzed dearomatization reaction have been theoretically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Yu Wu
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Tian-Hua Lai
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Kai-Jun Zheng
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Center of Computational Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Center of Computational Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
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29
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Qian H, Wang Y, Yu C, Li T, Yao C. An NHC-catalyzed, stereoselective α-functionalization of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids through in situ activation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4564-4571. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03206h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective α-functionalization of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids bearing γ-H to construct dihydrocoumarin was realized through in situ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanlin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Huiqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Huimin Qian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Chenxia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Tuanjie Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
| | - Changsheng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- P R China
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30
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Chen K, Gao Z, Ye S. (Dynamic) Kinetic Resolution of Enamines/Imines: Enantioselective N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of Bromoenals and Enamines/Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun‐Quan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhong‐Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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31
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Chen KQ, Gao ZH, Ye S. (Dynamic) Kinetic Resolution of Enamines/Imines: Enantioselective N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of Bromoenals and Enamines/Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1183-1187. [PMID: 30499624 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed [3+3] annulation of α-bromoenals by dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of enamines and normal resolution of α,α-disubstituted imines were developed. The corresponding substituted dihydropyridones were isolated in good yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities, and a high selective factor (up to 83) was realized for the resolution of α,α-disubstituted imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Quan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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32
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Peng Q, Zhang B, Xie Y, Wang J. Carbene-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of 2 H-Azirine-2-carboxaldehydes with Ketones via Azolium Aza-Dienolate Intermediate. Org Lett 2018; 20:7641-7644. [PMID: 30479131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new carbene-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of 2 H-azirine-2-carbaldehydes with ketones was developed, thus providing the 2,3-dihydro-6 H-1,3-oxazin-6-one core structures with broad scope and good to excellent yields. Notably, the azolium aza-dienolates generated from the addition of NHCs to 2 H-azirines are first uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiupeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yangxi Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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33
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Gao Z, Zhang J, Yang H, Jiang G. Brønsted Acid-Promoted Friedel-Crafts Alkylation/Cyclization of (7-Hydroxynaphthalenyl)pyrrole or (2-Hydroxyphenyl)pyrroles with Isatins for the Construction of Pyrrolospirooxindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11407-11414. [PMID: 30028135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient trifluoroacetic acid-catalyzed cascade Friedel-Crafts alkylation/cyclization of 1-(7-hydroxynaphthalenyl)pyrrole or 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)pyrroles with isatins has been developed, providing practical access to a variety of biologically important pyrrole-containing spirooxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Huameng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Gaoxi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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34
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N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed [4 + 2] cyclization of α-chloroaldehydes and aurones: Highly enantioselective synthesis of benzofuran-fused dihydropyran-2-ones. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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35
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Highly chemo- and enantioselective vinylogous aldol/cyclization cascade reaction to construct chiral 5,6-dihydropyran-2-ones. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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36
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Li X, Tang M, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Qu LB, Wei D. Insights into the N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of Aldimines: General Mechanism and Role of Catalyst. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1710-1718. [PMID: 29667337 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
One of the most challenging questions in the Lewis base organocatalyst field is how to predict the most electrophilic carbon for the complexation of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and reactant. This study provides a valuable case for this issue. Multiple mechanisms (A, B, C, D, and E) for the intramolecular cyclization of aldimine catalyzed by NHC were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). The computed results reveal that the NHC energetically prefers attacking the iminyl carbon (AIC mode, which is associated with mechanisms A and C) rather than attacking the olefin carbon (AOC mode, which is associated with mechanisms B and D) or attacking the carbonyl carbon (ACC mode, which is associated with mechanism E) of aldimine. The calculated results based on the different reaction models indicate that mechanism A (AIC mode), which is associated with the formation of the aza-Breslow intermediate, is the most favorable pathway. For mechanism A, there are five steps: (1) nucleophilic addition of NHC to the iminyl carbon of aldimine; (2) [1,2]-proton transfer to form an aza-Breslow intermediate; (3) intramolecular cyclization; (4) the other [1,2]-proton transfer; and (5) regeneration of NHC. The analyses of reactivity indexes have been applied to explain the chemoselectivity, and the general principles regarding the possible mechanisms would be useful for the rational design of NHC-catalyzed chemoselective reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mingsheng Tang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
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37
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Chen XY, Liu Q, Chauhan P, Enders D. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis via Azolium Dienolates: An Efficient Strategy for Remote Enantioselective Functionalizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3862-3873. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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38
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Chen XY, Liu Q, Chauhan P, Enders D. Katalyse durch N-heterocyclische Carbene über Azoliumdienolate: eine effiziente Strategie für enantioselektive Funktionalisierungen an entfernten Positionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Chen
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
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39
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Ding A, Meazza M, Guo H, Yang JW, Rios R. New development in the enantioselective synthesis of spiro compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5946-5996. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review we summarize the latest developments in the enantioselective synthesis of spirocompounds. The most important organometallic and organocatalytic methodologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishun Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Marta Meazza
- School of Chemistry. University of Southampton. Highfield Campus
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jung Woon Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- South Korea
| | - Ramon Rios
- School of Chemistry. University of Southampton. Highfield Campus
- Southampton
- UK
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
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40
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Yan J, Shi K, Zhao C, Ding L, Jiang S, Yang L, Zhong G. NHC-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition reactions for the synthesis of 3′-spirocyclic oxindoles via a C–F bond cleavage protocol. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1567-1570. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08048d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chiral NHC-catalyzed cycloaddition of γ-fluoroenals is developed. The nucleophilic γ-carbon generated via C–F bond cleavage undergoes highly enantioselective cycloaddition (up to >99% ee) to isatins and provides 3′-spirocyclic oxindoles in good yields (up to 91%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Kuangxi Shi
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Chengtao Zhao
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Liyuan Ding
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Shengsheng Jiang
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
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41
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Wang Y, Wei D, Tang M. Computational Study on γ-C–H Functionalization of α,β-Unsaturated Ester Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbene: Mechanisms, Origin of Stereoselectivity, and Role of Catalyst. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13043-13050. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department
of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center of Computational
Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingsheng Tang
- The
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center of Computational
Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People’s Republic of China
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42
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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Spiroheterocycles via N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111882. [PMID: 29117098 PMCID: PMC6150278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiroheterocycles are regarded as a privileged framework because of their wide distribution in various natural products and synthetic molecules and promising bioactivities. This review focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of spiroheterocycles by using the strategy of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis, and is organized based on the stereoselectivity and the reactive intermediates. According to the stereochemistry, this review was divided into two main parts, covering racemic and enantioselective versions. In each part, we firstly describe the synthetic transformations using nucleophilic Breslow intermediates, and then discuss the reactions that employ electrophilic acylazolium or radical cation intermediates. With those distinct catalytic activation modes of NHC organocatlysis, we expect this synthetic protocol will possibly produce new molecules with structural novelty and complexity, which may warrant further research in the field of drug discovery.
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43
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Yu C, Shen S, Jiang L, Li J, Lu Y, Li T, Yao C. NHC-catalyzed regiodivergent syntheses of difunctionalized 3-pyrazolidinones from α-bromoenal and monosubstituted hydrazine. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9149-9155. [PMID: 29058746 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02041d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A formal [3 + 2] annulation of α-bromoenal with monosubstituted hydrazine could give 1,5 or 2,5-difunctionalized 3-pyrazolidinone regiodivergently by tuning the structure of the N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) catalyst. Moderate to high yields, mild reaction conditions, good regioselectivity and potential biological significance of the final product have made this protocol attractive for the assembly of 3-pyrazolidinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China.
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44
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Latendorf K, Mechler M, Schamne I, Mack D, Frey W, Peters R. Titanium Salen Complexes with Appended Silver NHC Groups as Nucleophilic Carbene Reservoir for Cooperative Asymmetric Lewis Acid/NHC Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Latendorf
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Melanie Mechler
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Irina Schamne
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Daniel Mack
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - René Peters
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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45
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Qiu Y, Yang B, Jiang T, Zhu C, Bäckvall JE. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cascade Carbonylative Spirolactonization of Enallenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3221-3225. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youai Qiu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tuo Jiang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Can Zhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
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46
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Qiu Y, Yang B, Jiang T, Zhu C, Bäckvall JE. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cascade Carbonylative Spirolactonization of Enallenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youai Qiu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tuo Jiang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Can Zhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
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47
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Chen DF, Rovis T. N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Chiral Brønsted Acid Cooperative Catalysis for a Highly Enantioselective [4+2] Annulation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2017; 49:293-298. [PMID: 28690345 PMCID: PMC5496987 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1588349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A chiral NHC/Brønsted acid cooperative catalysis system has been developed for asymmetric annulation of functionalized benzaldehydes and activated ketones through dearomative generation of dienolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Feng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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48
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Sun B, Gao L, Shen S, Yu C, Li T, Xie Y, Yao C. NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of 2-bromo-2-enals with acylhydrazones: enantioselective synthesis of δ-lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:991-997. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02253g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric assembly of δ-lactams was realized via the NHC-catalyzed formal [4 + 2] annulation of acylhydrazones and 2-bromo-2-enals bearing γ-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baomin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Lijiu Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Shide Shen
- Xuzhou Institute of Architectural Technology
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Chenxia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Tuanjie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanwei Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
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49
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Reddi Y, Sunoj RB. Origin of Stereoselectivity in Cooperative Asymmetric Catalysis Involving N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Lewis Acids toward the Synthesis of Spirooxindole Lactone. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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50
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Wang ZY, Ding YL, Li SN, Cheng Y. N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Lewis Acid Dual Catalysis for the Divergent Construction of Enantiopure Bridged Lactones and Fused Indenes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11871-11881. [PMID: 27934452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chiral triazole carbene and Ti(OPr-i)4 cocatalyzed reaction between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and 2-(aroylvinyl)benzaldehydes was systematically studied. A divergence in reaction pathways was observed under different reaction conditions. In benzene solvent and at ambient temperature, the reaction produced 4,5-dihydro-1,4-methanobenzo[c]oxepin-3-ones, the bridged caprolactones, as the major products in moderate yields with excellent enantioselectivity. The same reaction in dichloroethane and at 50 °C, however, gave 2,8-dihydrocyclopenta[a]indenes as the major products in most cases. The application of the method developed was demonstrated by the transformation of the bridged lactone products into enantiopure 4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ya-Li Ding
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shi-Ning Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
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