1
|
Huang WW, Cheng JT, Hsiao WT, Chiou WH. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Alkaloid (±)-223A and (±)-6- epi-223A via Rh-Catalyzed Hydroformylation Double Cyclization. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5091-5097. [PMID: 38456271 PMCID: PMC11002921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
A stereodivergent approach toward total syntheses of Dendrobatid alkaloids 223A and 6-epi-223A is described. The approach features a concise construction of an indolizidine skeleton by Rh-catalyzed domino hydroformylation double cyclization and sequential stereocontrolled transformations such as reductive alkylation or anti-selective α-alkylation of the 5-oxoindolizidine. These stereoselective reactions afford the desired stereochemistry in the targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | | | | | - Wen-Hua Chiou
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Nicolaou KC, Pulukuri KK, Yu R, Rigol S, Heretsch P, Grove CI, Hale CRH, ElMarrouni A. Total Synthesis of Δ12-Prostaglandin J3: Evolution of Synthetic Strategies to a Streamlined Process. Chemistry 2016; 22:8559-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Kiran Kumar Pulukuri
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Ruocheng Yu
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Stephan Rigol
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Philipp Heretsch
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Charles I. Grove
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Christopher R. H. Hale
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
- Department of Chemistry; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Abdelatif ElMarrouni
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mailyan AK, Eickhoff JA, Minakova AS, Gu Z, Lu P, Zakarian A. Cutting-Edge and Time-Honored Strategies for Stereoselective Construction of C–N Bonds in Total Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4441-557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur K. Mailyan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - John A. Eickhoff
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anastasiia S. Minakova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Uruvakili A, Gangadhararao G, Kumara Swamy KC. Gold(I) catalysed sequential dehydrative cyclisation/intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynyldienols onto activated alkynes/alkenes: a facile route to substituted norbornadienes/norbornenes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10060-71. [PMID: 26335651 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01458a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of highly substituted norbornadienes/norbornenes via gold-catalysed dehydrative cyclisation of alkynyldienols, followed by intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of in situ generated cyclopentadiene and activated alkynes/alkenes is described. The precursors, alkynyldienols, are obtained via sequential Sonogashira cross-coupling of 3-bromoenals, alkyne addition and reduction. Yields of the enynals and multisubstituted norbornadienes in all the cases are good to excellent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anasuyamma Uruvakili
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shinde MV, Ople RS, Sangtani E, Gonnade R, Reddy DS. Synthesis of novel N-cyclopentenyl-lactams using the Aubé reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015. [PMID: 26199661 PMCID: PMC4505090 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel and convenient method utilizing the Aubé reaction to access a new class of compounds that are similar to carbocyclic nucleosides is reported. The azido alcohol derived from Vince lactam undergoes the Aubé reaction with various cyclic ketones to give cyclopentenyl-substituted lactams. Upon dihydroxylation, this affords the N-cyclopentenyl-lactam compounds in racemic form. Given the numerous uses of nucleosides and related compounds, we were interested in the synthesis of carbocylic nucleoside mimics. The attempts and results are described herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri V Shinde
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Rohini S Ople
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ekta Sangtani
- Center for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Rajesh Gonnade
- Center for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - D Srinivasa Reddy
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
This review of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids (i.e., those in which the parent bicyclic systems are in general not embedded in polycyclic arrays) is an update of the previous coverage in Volume 55 of this series (2001). The present survey covers the literature from mid-1999 to the end of 2013; and in addition to aspects of the isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the alkaloids, much emphasis is placed on their total synthesis. A brief introduction to the topic is followed by an overview of relevant alkaloids from fungal and microbial sources, among them slaframine, cyclizidine, Steptomyces metabolites, and the pantocins. The important iminosugar alkaloids lentiginosine, steviamine, swainsonine, castanospermine, and related hydroxyindolizidines are dealt with in the subsequent section. The fourth and fifth sections cover metabolites from terrestrial plants. Pertinent plant alkaloids bearing alkyl, functionalized alkyl or alkenyl substituents include dendroprimine, anibamine, simple alkaloids belonging to the genera Prosopis, Elaeocarpus, Lycopodium, and Poranthera, and bicyclic alkaloids of the lupin family. Plant alkaloids bearing aryl or heteroaryl substituents include ipalbidine and analogs, secophenanthroindolizidine and secophenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (among them septicine, julandine, and analogs), ficuseptine, lasubines, and other simple quinolizidines of the Lythraceae, the simple furyl-substituted Nuphar alkaloids, and a mixed quinolizidine-quinazoline alkaloid. The penultimate section of the review deals with the sizable group of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from, or detected in, ants, mites, and terrestrial amphibians, and includes an overview of the "dietary hypothesis" for the origin of the amphibian metabolites. The final section surveys relevant alkaloids from marine sources, and includes clathryimines and analogs, stellettamides, the clavepictines and pictamine, and bis(quinolizidine) alkaloids.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li YJ, Hou CC, Chang KC. Total Synthesis of Indolizidine Alkaloids (-)-167B, (-)-209I, and (-)-223A by Using a Common Tricyclic Lactone. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
Concise and highly stereocontrolled total syntheses of racemic and enantiopure frog alkaloid 205B (1) were accomplished in 11 steps from 4-methoxypyridines 6 and 7 in overall yields of 8 and 8%, respectively. The assembly of the core of the natural product relies on a stereoselective Tsuji-Trost allylic amination reaction and a ring-closing metathesis. The synthesis features the use of an N-acylpyridinium salt reaction to introduce the first stereocenter and an unprecedented trifluoroacetic anhydride-mediated addition of an allylstannane to a vinylogous amide with complete facial selectivity. Deoxygenation of the C4 ketone proved difficult but was accomplished via a modified Barton-McCombie reaction in the presence of a catalytic amount of diphenyl diselenide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel L. Comins
- Department of Chemistry, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abels F, Lindemann C, Schneider C. A General Strategy for the Catalytic, Highly Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Indolizidine-Based Alkaloids. Chemistry 2014; 20:1964-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
11
|
Li TJ, Liu ZQ, Yin HM, Yao CS, Jiang B, Wang XS, Tu SJ, Li XL, Li G. Metal-free [3 + 2 + 1]/[2 + 2 + 1] biscyclization: stereospecific construction with concomitant functionalization of indolizin-5(1H)-one. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11414-20. [PMID: 24168348 PMCID: PMC3876276 DOI: 10.1021/jo401969g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free [3 + 2 + 1]/[2 + 2 + 1] biscyclization strategy has been developed for the stereospecific construction with concomitant derivation of biologically significant indolizin-5(1H)-ones from simple and commercial starting materials. The transformations are notable because they can yield five new σ bonds and six stereocenters including a quaternary carbon center in a single operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan-Jie Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Sheng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | | | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing Univers ity, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jäkel M, Qu J, Schnitzer T, Helmchen G. Addition of Organometallic Reagents to ChiralN‐Methoxylactams: Enantioselective Syntheses of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines. Chemistry 2013; 19:16746-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mascha Jäkel
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐544205
| | - Jianping Qu
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐544205
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐544205
| | - Günter Helmchen
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐544205
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Motiwala HF, Fehl C, Li SW, Hirt E, Porubsky P, Aubé J. Overcoming product inhibition in catalysis of the intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9000-9. [PMID: 23687993 DOI: 10.1021/ja402848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A method for carrying out the intramolecular Schmidt reaction of alkyl azides and ketones using a substoichiometric amount of catalyst is reported. Following extensive screening, the use of the strong hydrogen-bond-donating solvent hexafluoro-2-propanol was found to be consistent with low catalyst loadings, which ranged from 2.5 mol % for favorable substrates to 25 mol % for more difficult cases. Reaction optimization, broad substrate scope, and preliminary mechanistic studies of this improved version of the reaction are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2034 Becker Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma AJ, Tu YQ, Peng JB, Dou QY, Hou SH, Zhang FM, Wang SH. Total Synthesis of (−)-FR901483. Org Lett 2012; 14:3604-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301331t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Si-Hua Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu R, Gutierrez O, Tantillo DJ, Aubé J. Stereocontrol in a combined allylic azide rearrangement and intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6528-31. [PMID: 22490078 DOI: 10.1021/ja300369c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pre-equilibration of an interconverting set of isomeric allylic azides is coupled with an intramolecular Schmidt reaction to afford substituted lactams stereoselectively. The effect of substitution and a preliminary mechanistic study are reported. The synthetic potential of this method is demonstrated in the context of an enantioselective synthesis of an advanced intermediate leading toward pinnaic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhang Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Tsukanov SV, Comins DL. Concise Total Synthesis of the Frog Alkaloid (−)-205 B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
18
|
Tsukanov SV, Comins DL. Concise Total Synthesis of the Frog Alkaloid (−)-205 B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8626-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Yang M, Zhao YM, Zhang SY, Tu YQ, Zhang FM. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Promoted Enantioselective Desymmetrization in an Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction of Symmetric Azido 1,3-Hexanediones: Asymmetric Synthesis of Azaquaternary Pyrroloazepine Skeletons. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1344-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
20
|
Xiao KJ, Wang Y, Ye KY, Huang PQ. Versatile one-pot reductive alkylation of lactams/amides via amide activation: application to the concise syntheses of bioactive alkaloids (±)-bgugaine, (±)-coniine, (+)-preussin, and (-)-cassine. Chemistry 2011; 16:12792-6. [PMID: 20938943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Jiong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2009. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
22
|
Vincent G, Guillot R, Kouklovsky C. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Substituted N,O-Containing Bicyclic Compounds by Sequential Addition of Nucleophiles to N-Alkoxybicyclolactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201006590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
23
|
Vincent G, Guillot R, Kouklovsky C. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Substituted N,O-Containing Bicyclic Compounds by Sequential Addition of Nucleophiles to N-Alkoxybicyclolactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 50:1350-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
24
|
Sancibrao P, Karila D, Kouklovsky C, Vincent G. Synthetic Approaches to Racemic Porantheridine and 8-Epihalosaline via a Nitroso Diels−Alder Cycloaddition/Ring-Rearrangement Metathesis Sequence. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4333-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100768d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Sancibrao
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Procédés et Substances Naturelles, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Bât 410, Université de Paris-Sud-11, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Karila
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Procédés et Substances Naturelles, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Bât 410, Université de Paris-Sud-11, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Procédés et Substances Naturelles, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Bât 410, Université de Paris-Sud-11, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Guillaume Vincent
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Procédés et Substances Naturelles, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Bât 410, Université de Paris-Sud-11, F-91405 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Szostak M, Yao L, Aubé J. Synthesis of medium-bridged twisted lactams via cation-pi control of the regiochemistry of the intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1235-43. [PMID: 20095596 DOI: 10.1021/jo902574m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Medium-bridged twisted amides can be synthesized by the intramolecular Schmidt reaction of 2-azidoalkyl ketones. In these reactions, the regiochemistry of the Schmidt reaction is diverted into a typically disfavored pathway by the presence of an aromatic group at the alpha-position adjacent to the ketone, which stabilizes the predominantly reactive conformation of the azidohydrin intermediate by engaging in a nonbonded cation-pi interaction with the positively charged diazonium cation. This results in the rarely observed rearrangement of the C-C bond distal to the azidoalkyl chain. This reaction pathway also requires the azide-containing tether to be situated in the axial orientation in the key azidohydrin intermediate. Examination of the effect of substitution of aromatic rings on the regiochemistry of the Schmidt reaction shows an increase in the migratory selectivity with more electron-rich aromatic groups. The selectivity is lower when an electron-withdrawing substituent is placed on the aromatic ring. The ability of cation-pi interactions to act as a controlling element decreases when Lewis acids coordinate to substituents on the aromatic ring. The developed version of the Schmidt reaction provides a direct access to a family of medium-bridged twisted amides with a [4.3.1] bicyclic system, compounds which are very difficult to access with use of other currently available methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Room 4070, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7852, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Davis FA, Song M, Qiu H, Chai J. Total synthesis of (5R,6R,8R,9S)-(−)-5,9Z-indolizidine 221T using sulfinimine-derived N-sulfinyl β-amino ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:5067-73. [DOI: 10.1039/b915796d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|