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Skardon-Duncan J, Sparenberg M, Bayle A, Alexander S, Clark JS. Stereoselective Synthesis of Medium-Sized Cyclic Ethers by Sequential Ring-Closing Metathesis and Tsuji–Trost Allylation. Org Lett 2018; 20:2782-2786. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Skardon-Duncan
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Sparenberg
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Bayle
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Alexander
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J. Stephen Clark
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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2
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Fustero S, Simón-Fuentes A, Barrio P, Haufe G. Olefin Metathesis Reactions with Fluorinated Substrates, Catalysts, and Solvents. Chem Rev 2014; 115:871-930. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46012 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Barrio
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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3
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Hussain H, Green IR, Krohn K, Ahmed I. Advances in the total synthesis of biologically important callipeltosides: a review. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:640-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20110d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Indium-mediated regioselective mono-allylation of 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds and dehydrative cyclization to 2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones and 3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,4]oxazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Lian Z, Zhao QY, Wei Y, Shi M. DABCO-Mediated [4+2] Annulation of But-3-yn-2-one and Activated Ketones: Facile Preparation of 2,3-Dihydropyran-4-one. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Indukuri K, Bondalapati S, Sultana S, Saikia AK. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-4-pyranones from epoxides via intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition reaction. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21468g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Prunet
- WestCHEM, Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK, Fax: +44‐141‐330‐4888
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Abstract
Maitotoxin holds a special place in the annals of natural products chemistry as the largest and most toxic secondary metabolite known to date. Its fascinating, ladder-like, polyether molecular structure and diverse spectrum of biological activities elicited keen interest from chemists and biologists who recognized its uniqueness and potential as a probe and inspiration for research in chemistry and biology. Synthetic studies in the area benefited from methodologies and strategies that were developed as part of chemical synthesis programs directed toward the total synthesis of some of the less complex members of the polyether marine biotoxin class, of which maitotoxin is the flagship. This account focuses on progress made in the authors' laboratories in the synthesis of large maitotoxin domains with emphasis on methodology development, strategy design, and structural comparisons of the synthesized molecules with the corresponding regions of the natural product. The article concludes with an overview of maitotoxin's biological profile and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-2469, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 (USA)
| | - Robert J. Aversa
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-2469, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 (USA)
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Abstract
This Article describes the total synthesis of the marine ladder toxin brevenal utilizing a convergent synthetic strategy. Critical to the success of this work was the use of olefinic-ester cyclization reactions and the utilization of glycal epoxides as precursors to C-C and C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Nicolaou KC, Baker TM, Nakamura T. Synthesis of the WXYZA' domain of maitotoxin. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 133:220-6. [PMID: 21166430 DOI: 10.1021/ja109533y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of the WXYZA' domain (7) of the marine neurotoxin maitotoxin (1) is reported. The convergent synthetic strategy involves construction of key building blocks 11 and 12, their coupling, and the elaboration of the resulting ester (10) to the target molecule through a ring-closing metathesis and a hydroxy dithioketal cyclization as the key steps. For the construction of fragment 11, the Noyori reduction/Achmatowicz rearrangement and hydroxy epoxide opening technologies were applied (starting from furfuryl alcohol (13)), whereas for the synthesis of fragment 12, a carbohydrate-based approach was adopted (starting from 2-deoxy-D-ribose (14)). The synthesized WXYZA' domain (7) of maitotoxin (1) exhibited the expected (13)C NMR chemical shifts, supporting the originally assigned structure of the corresponding region of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
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Ahmad Khera R, Ahmad R, Ullah I, Abid OUR, Fatunsin O, Sher M, Villinger A, Langer P. Cyclization vs. Elimination Reactions of 5-Aryl-5-hydroxy 1,3-Diones: One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Aryl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Synthesis of fluorinated 2,3-dihydropyran-4-ones by cyclocondensation of 1,3-dicarbonyl dianions with aldehydes. J Fluor Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Crimmins MT, Shamszad M, Mattson AE. A highly convergent approach toward (-)-brevenal. Org Lett 2010; 12:2614-7. [PMID: 20446718 DOI: 10.1021/ol1008203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progress toward a highly convergent, asymmetric synthesis of brevenal is reported. Construction of the AB-ring and E-ring cyclic ether fragments was achieved through asymmetric alkylation/ring-closing metathesis strategies. A Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination was used in a key bond-forming step to couple the advanced cyclic fragments and enable rapid access to the AB-E ring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Crimmins
- Kenan and Caudill Laboratories of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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Maemoto M, Kimishima A, Nakata T. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6-syn-Dimethyl-tetrahydropyran Derivatives, Important Segments of Marine Polycyclic Ethers, by Unique Insertion of the Methyl Group. Org Lett 2009; 11:4814-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9018419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Maemoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kimishima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Ahmad R, Khera RA, Villinger A, Langer P. One-pot synthesis of 6-aryl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones by cyclocondensation of 1,3-diketone dianions with aldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.03.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Ouyang Y, Huang J, Pan W, Liang Y, Yang Y, Dong D. [4+2] Annulation - Convenient Synthesis of Substituted Dihydropyranones in Aqueous Media. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
The last one hundred years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the power and reach of total synthesis. The pantheon of accomplishments in the field includes the total synthesis of molecules of unimaginable beauty and diversity such as the four discussed in this article: endiandric acids (1982), calicheamicin gamma(1)(I) (1992), Taxol (1994), and brevetoxin B (1995). Chosen from the collection of the molecules synthesized in the author's laboratories, these structures are but a small fraction of the myriad constructed in laboratories around the world over the last century. Their stories, and the background on which they were based, should serve to trace the evolution of the art of chemical synthesis to its present sharp condition, an emergence that occurred as a result of new theories and mechanistic insights, new reactions, new reagents and catalysts, and new synthetic technologies and strategies. Indeed, the advent of chemical synthesis as a whole must be considered as one of the most influential developments of the twentieth century in terms of its impact on society.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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18
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New synthetic method for 2,3-trans-2-methyl-tetrahydropyran-3-ol and oxepan-3-ol by unique insertion of a methyl group. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Nicolaou K, Frederick M, Aversa R. Die Entdeckung und Synthese von marinen Polyethern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tanaka H, Kubota Y, Takeda S, Haraguchi K. Synthetic use of epoxy-sugar nucleosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2008; 26:547-54. [PMID: 18066853 DOI: 10.1080/15257770701489979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of 1',2 '-, 3 ',4 '-, and 4 ',5 '-epoxy derivatives of nucleosides and their use for the stereoselective synthesis of 1'- and 4 '-branched analogues are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Tanaka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
The unprecedented structure of the marine natural product brevetoxin B was elucidated by the research group of Nakanishi and Clardy in 1981. The ladderlike molecular architecture of this fused polyether molecule, its potent toxicity, and fascinating voltage-sensitive sodium channel based mechanism of action immediately captured the imagination of synthetic chemists. Synthetic endeavors resulted in numerous new methods and strategies for the construction of cyclic ethers, and culminated in several impressive total syntheses of this molecule and some of its equally challenging siblings. Of the marine polyethers, maitotoxin is not only the most complex and most toxic of the class, but is also the largest nonpolymeric natural product known to date. This Review begins with a brief history of the isolation of these biotoxins and highlights their biological properties and mechanism of action. Chemical syntheses are then described, with particular emphasis on new methods developed and applied to the total syntheses. The Review ends with a discussion of the, as yet unfinished, story of maitotoxin, and projects into the future of this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Roberts SW, Rainier JD. Synthesis of an A-E gambieric acid subunit with use of a C-glycoside centered strategy. Org Lett 2007; 9:2227-30. [PMID: 17469838 DOI: 10.1021/ol0707970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes our synthesis of the A-E subunit of gambieric acid (GA) in addition to the synthesis of the A-ring and the C-E tricycle. The use of an enol ether-olefin RCM strategy to couple the A and C-E subunits and, in the process, generate the B-ring is noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Kubota Y, Haraguchi K, Kunikata M, Hayashi M, Ohkawa M, Tanaka H. Anti versus syn opening of epoxides derived from 9-(3-deoxy-beta-D-glycero-pent-3-enofuranosyl)adenine with Me3Al: factors controlling the stereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1099-103. [PMID: 16438527 DOI: 10.1021/jo052243l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Upon epoxidation with dimethyldioxirane, the 2',5'-bis-O-silyl derivatives of 9-(3-deoxy-beta-D-glycero-pent-3-enofuranosyl)adenine gave the respective "3',4'-up" epoxides exclusively. Reaction between these epoxides and Me3Al was investigated in detail. It was found that the stereoselectivity of epoxide ring opening (anti versus syn) varied significantly upon changing the amount of Me3Al, the solvent, the O-silyl protecting group, and the reaction temperature. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kubota
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Gao B, Yu Z, Fu Z, Feng X. A convenient and versatile approach to 2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones via tandem aldol reaction-conjugate addition. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Clark JS. Construction of fused polycyclic ethers by strategies involving ring-closing metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:3571-81. [PMID: 17047770 DOI: 10.1039/b601839d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Large fused polycyclic ether natural products of marine origin are some of the most complex and formidable synthetic targets found in Nature, and they continue to fascinate and inspire those engaged in target-directed synthesis and the development of new synthetic methods. Novel strategies for the rapid and stereoselective assembly of fused polyethers have been devised in which ring-closing metathesis reactions are used to accomplish cyclic ether construction. Two-directional and iterative ring construction approaches involving ring-closing metathesis are being employed to assemble polyether sequences found in marine natural products such as the ciguatoxins and gambieric acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK NG7 2RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan.
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Gao B, Fu Z, Yu Z, Yu L, Huang Y, Feng X. Highly enantioselective hetero-Diels–Alder reaction between trans-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-trimethylsiloxybuta-1,3-diene and aldehydes catalyzed by (R)-BINOL–Ti(IV) complex. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Castro S, Peczuh MW. Sequential Cyclization−Elimination Route to Carbohydrate-Based Oxepines. J Org Chem 2005; 70:3312-5. [PMID: 15823004 DOI: 10.1021/jo048128c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A five-step preparation of carbohydrate-based oxepines from hept-1-enitols is presented. The hept-1-enitols were subjected to silyl protection and hydroboration/oxidation to give the protected heptan-1-itols. Swern oxidation of the homologated alcohols followed by sequential acetal formation/cyclization provided methyl 2-deoxyseptanosides that underwent elimination reactions to give the carbohydrate-based oxepines. The new sequence is an alternative to the ring-closing metathesis for the synthesis of carbohydrate-based oxepines from protected pyranose sugars. The product oxepines can serve as glycosyl donors in the synthesis of novel septanose carbohydrates. In addition, C-methylenealdehydo arabinofuranoside 16 was formed from 2-deoxyseptanoside 10 as the only product during protic acid mediated elimination reactions. This novel ring contraction complements other reported preparations of C-methylenaldehydo furanosides and underscores the acid-mediated reactivity introduced by competing eliminations between the C-1/C-2 and C-2/C-3 bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Castro
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U-3060, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Roberts SW, Rainier JD. Substitution and Remote Protecting Group Influence on the Oxidation/Addition of α-Substituted 1,2-Anhydroglycosides: A Novel Entry into C-Ketosides. Org Lett 2005; 7:1141-4. [PMID: 15760159 DOI: 10.1021/ol0501469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] C-Ketosides are valuable intermediates in chemical synthesis and as glycoside mimics. This manuscript describes the efficient generation of these substrates from alpha-alkyl-substituted glycals and an oxidative, C-C bond-forming sequence where the choice of C(3) protecting group was critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Fujiwara K, Sato D, Watanabe M, Morishita H, Murai A, Kawai H, Suzuki T. Formal total synthesis of hemibrevetoxin B by a convergent strategy. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Uehara H, Oishi T, Inoue M, Shoji M, Nagumo Y, Kosaka M, Le Brazidec JY, Hirama M. Convergent synthesis of the HIJKLM ring fragment of ciguatoxin CTX3C. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbontransition metal double and triple bond: annual survey covering the year 2000. Coord Chem Rev 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(01)00445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kadota I, Kadowaki C, Park CH, Takamura H, Sato K, Chan PW, Thorand S, Yamamoto Y. Syntheses of the AB and EFGH ring segments of gambierol. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Preparation of cyclic ethers for polyether synthesis by catalytic ring-closing enyne metathesis of alkynyl ethers. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kadota I, Kadowaki C, Takamura H, Yamamoto Y. Synthetic studies towards gambierol. Part 2: Synthesis of the EFGH ring segment. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rainier JD, Allwein SP, Cox JM. C-glycosides to fused polycyclic ethers. A formal synthesis of (+/-)-hemibrevetoxin B. J Org Chem 2001; 66:1380-6. [PMID: 11312970 DOI: 10.1021/jo001514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a formal total synthesis of the marine ladder toxin hemibrevetoxin B from Danishefsky's dienes. This approach couples the generation of C-glycosides from cyclic enol ethers with metathesis or acid-mediated annulation reactions. The result is a highly efficient synthesis of the tetracyclic ring system of hemibrevetoxin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rainier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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Rainier JD, Cox JM. Aluminum- and boron-mediated c-glycoside synthesis from 1,2-anhydroglycosides. Org Lett 2000; 2:2707-9. [PMID: 10990433 DOI: 10.1021/ol006286u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]This letter describes a single flask strategy to the synthesis of alpha-C-glycosides from glycals. This protocol couples a glycal epoxidation reaction with a C-2 alkoxy-directed carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rainier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. Aluminum- and boron-mediated C-glycoside synthescosides
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