1
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Czaikowski ME, Anferov SW, Tascher AP, Anderson JS. Electrocatalytic Semihydrogenation of Terminal Alkynes Using Ligand-Based Transfer of Protons and Electrons. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:476-486. [PMID: 38163759 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Alkyne semihydrogenation is a broadly important transformation in chemical synthesis. Here, we introduce an electrochemical method for the selective semihydrogenation of terminal alkynes using a dihydrazonopyrrole Ni complex capable of storing an H2 equivalent (2H+ + 2e-) on the ligand backbone. This method is chemoselective for the semihydrogenation of terminal alkynes over internal alkynes or alkenes. Mechanistic studies reveal that the transformation is concerted and Z-selective. Calculations support a ligand-based hydrogen-atom transfer pathway instead of a hydride mechanism, which is commonly invoked for transition metal hydrogenation catalysts. The synthesis of the proposed intermediates demonstrates that the catalytic mechanism proceeds through a reduced formal Ni(I) species. The high yields for terminal alkene products without over-reduction or oligomerization are among the best reported for any homogeneous catalyst. Furthermore, the metal-ligand cooperative hydrogen transfer enabled with this system directs the efficient flow of H atom equivalents toward alkyne reduction rather than hydrogen evolution, providing a blueprint for applying similar strategies toward a wide range of electroreductive transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia E Czaikowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Sophie W Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alex P Tascher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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2
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Anferov SW, Filatov AS, Anderson JS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions Enabled by Ligand-Based Storage of Dihydrogen. ACS Catal 2022; 12:9933-9943. [PMID: 36033368 PMCID: PMC9396622 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of supporting ligands that can store either protons or electrons has emerged as a powerful strategy in catalysis. While these strategies are potent individually, natural systems mediate remarkable transformations by combining the storage of both protons and electrons in the secondary coordination sphere. As such, there has been recent interest in using this strategy to enable fundamentally different transformations. Furthermore, outsourcing H-atom or hydrogen storage to ancillary ligands can also enable alternative mechanistic pathways and thereby selectivity. Here, we describe the application of this strategy to facilitate radical reactivity in Co-based hydrogenation catalysis. Metalation of previously reported dihydrazonopyrrole ligands with Co results in paramagnetic complexes, which are best described as having Co(II) oxidation states. These complexes catalytically hydrogenate olefins with low catalyst loadings under mild conditions (1 atm H2, 23 °C). Mechanistic, spectroscopic, and computational investigations indicate that this system goes through a radical hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) type pathway that is distinct from classic organometallic mechanisms and is supported by the ability of the ligand to store H2. These results show how ancillary ligands can facilitate efficient catalysis, and furthermore how classic organometallic mechanisms for catalysis can be altered by the secondary coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie W Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
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3
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Gupta P, Taeufer T, Siewert JE, Reiß F, Drexler HJ, Pospech J, Beweries T, Hering-Junghans C. Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Mechanistic Studies of P,N-Type Phosphaalkene-Based Rh(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11639-11650. [PMID: 35856631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of P,N-phosphaalkene ligands, py-CH═PMes* (1, py = 2-pyridyl, Mes* = 2,4,6-tBu-C6H2) and the novel quin-CH═PMes* (2, quin = 2-quinolinyl) is described. The reaction with [Rh(μ-Cl)cod]2 produces Rh(I) bis(phosphaalkene) chlorido complexes 3 and 4 with distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination environments. Complexes 3 and 4 show a pronounced metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) from Rh into the ligand P═C π* orbitals. Upon heating, quinoline-based complex 4 undergoes twofold C-H bond activation at the o-tBu groups of the Mes* substituents to yield the cationic bis(phosphaindane) Rh(I) complex 5, which could not be observed for the pyridine-based analogue 3. Using sub- or superstoichiometric amounts of AgOTf the C-H bond activation at an o-tBu group of one or at both Mes* was detected, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) studies suggest an oxidative proton shift pathway as an alternative to a previously reported high-barrier oxidative addition at Rh(I). The Rh(I) mono- and bis(phosphaindane) triflate complexes 6 and 7, respectively, undergo deprotonation at the benzylic CH2 group of the phosphaindane unit in the presence of KOtBu to furnish neutral, distorted square-planar Rh(I) complexes 8 and 9, respectively, with one of the P,N ligands being dearomatized. All complexes were fully characterized, including multinuclear NMR, vibrational, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, as well as single-crystal X-ray and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Taeufer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Drexler
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jola Pospech
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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4
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Meng Q, Zhu B, Sakaki S. Theoretical Study of N-H σ-Bond Activation by Nickel(0) Complex: Reaction Mechanism, Electronic Processes, and Prediction of Better Ligand. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8715-8728. [PMID: 35621263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-H σ-bond activation of alkylamine by Ni(PCy3) was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. When simple alkylamine NHMe2 is a reactant, both concerted oxidative addition in Ni(PCy3)(NHMe2) and ligand-to-ligand H transfer reaction in Ni(PCy3)(C2H4)(NHMe2) are endergonic and need a high activation energy. When NH(Me)(Bs) (Bs = SO2Ph, a model of tosyl group used in experiments) is a reactant, both reactions are exergonic and occur easily with a much smaller activation energy. The much larger reactivity of NH(Me)(Bs) than that of NHMe2 results from the stronger Ni-N(Me)(Bs) bond than the Ni-NMe2 bond and the presence of the Ni-O bonding interaction between the Bs group and the Ni atom in the product. N-Heterocyclic carbene, 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr), is computationally predicted to be better than PCy3 because the Ni-NMe2 and Ni-N(Me)(Bs) bonds in the IPr complex are stronger, respectively, than those of the PCy3 complex. The introduction of the electron-withdrawing Bs group to the N atom of amine and the use of IPr as a ligand are recommended for the N-H σ-bond activation. The C-H σ-bond activations of benzene via the oxidative addition and the ligand-to-ligand H transfer reaction were also investigated here for comparison with the N-H σ-bond activation. The differences between the C-H σ-bond activation of benzene and the N-H σ-bond activation of these amines are discussed in terms of the N-H, C-H, Ni-Ph, and Ni-NMe2, and Ni-N(Me)(Bs) bond energies and back-donation to benzene from the Ni atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Meng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, 1-30 Goryo-Ohara, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, 1-30 Goryo-Ohara, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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5
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Gunther SO, Kosanovich AJ, Cao Y, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV. Nucleopincers? Rhodium Complexes of Pyrimidine‐centered PNP Pincer Ligands Derived from Nitrogenous Nucleobases Uracil and Thymine. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Olivia Gunther
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Alex J. Kosanovich
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Yihan Cao
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
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6
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Hollenhorst H, McDonald R, Ferguson M, Turculet L. Synthesis of Rhodium and Iridium Complexes Supported by Bis(indolylphosphino)silyl Pincer Ligation: Competitive N–H and C–H Bond Activation by an Ir(I) Species. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helia Hollenhorst
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael Ferguson
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Laura Turculet
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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7
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Johnson A, Royle CG, Brodie CN, Martínez-Martínez AJ, Duckett SB, Weller AS. η 2-Alkene Complexes of [Rh(PONOP- iPr)(L)] + Cations (L = COD, NBD, Ethene). Intramolecular Alkene-Assisted Hydrogenation and Dihydrogen Complex [Rh(PONOP- iPr)(η-H 2)] . Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13903-13912. [PMID: 33570930 PMCID: PMC8456414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-alkene complexes of the pincer ligand κ3-C5H3N-2,6-(OPiPr2)2 (PONOP-iPr) have been prepared and structurally characterized: [Rh(PONOP-iPr)(η2-alkene)][BArF4] [alkene = cyclooctadiene (COD), norbornadiene (NBD), ethene; ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3]. Only one of these, alkene = COD, undergoes a reaction with H2 (1 bar), to form [Rh(PONOP-iPr)(η2-COE)][BArF4] (COE = cyclooctene), while the others show no significant reactivity. This COE complex does not undergo further hydrogenation. This difference in reactivity between COD and the other alkenes is proposed to be due to intramolecular alkene-assisted reductive elimination in the COD complex, in which the η2-bound diene can engage in bonding with its additional alkene unit. H/D exchange experiments on the ethene complex show that reductive elimination from a reversibly formed alkyl hydride intermediate is likely rate-limiting and with a high barrier. The proposed final product of alkene hydrogenation would be the dihydrogen complex [Rh(PONOP-iPr)(η2-H2)][BArF4], which has been independently synthesized and undergoes exchange with free H2 on the NMR time scale, as well as with D2 to form free HD. When the H2 addition to [Rh(PONOP-iPr)(η2-ethene)][BArF4] is interrogated using pH2 at higher pressure (3 bar), this produces the dihydrogen complex as a transient product, for which enhancements in the 1H NMR signal for the bound H2 ligand, as well as that for free H2, are observed. This is a unique example of the partially negative line-shape effect, with the enhanced signals that are observed for the dihydrogen complex being explained by the exchange processes already noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Johnson
- Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Cameron G Royle
- Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Claire N Brodie
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Simon B Duckett
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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8
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Kong F, Gu S, Liu C, Dickie DA, Zhang S, Gunnoe TB. Effects of Additives on Catalytic Arene C–H Activation: Study of Rh Catalysts Supported by Bis-phosphine Pincer Ligands. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Shunyan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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9
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Jheng NY, Ishizaka Y, Naganawa Y, Sekiguchi A, Nakajima Y. Co(I) complexes with a tetradentate phenanthroline-based PNNP ligand as a potent new metal-ligand cooperation platform. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14592-14597. [PMID: 33107515 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of low spin cobalt(i) complexes bearing a tetradentate phenanthroline-based PNNP ligand (2,9-bis((diphenylphosphanyl)methyl)-1,10-phenanthroline), [CoCl(PNNP)] (1), [CoMe(PNNP)] (2) and [Co(CH2SiMe3)(PNNP)] (3), were synthesized and structurally identified. Complex 3 underwent a structural rearrangement of the PNNP skeleton upon heating to form [Co(PNNP')] (4), which is supported by an asymmetrical PNNP' ligand with a dearomatized phenanthroline backbone. Mechanistic studies supported that the transformation from 3 to 4 was initiated by the homolysis of either a Co-CH2SiMe3 bond or a benzylic C-H bond. Complex 4 achieved H-H bond cleavage of H2 (1 atm) at ambient temperature, to form [Co(PNNP'')] (6), in which two H atoms were incorporated into the endocyclic double bond of the PNNP'' ligand backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yuan Jheng
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan. and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishizaka
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan. and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuki Naganawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Akira Sekiguchi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan. and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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10
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Rauch M, Kar S, Kumar A, Avram L, Shimon LJW, Milstein D. Metal-Ligand Cooperation Facilitates Bond Activation and Catalytic Hydrogenation with Zinc Pincer Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14513-14521. [PMID: 32786799 PMCID: PMC7453403 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A series of PNP zinc pincer complexes
capable of bond activation
via aromatization/dearomatization metal–ligand cooperation
(MLC) were prepared and characterized. Reversible heterolytic N–H
and H–H bond activation by MLC is shown, in which hemilability
of the phosphorus linkers plays a key role. Utilizing this zinc pincer
system, base-free catalytic hydrogenation of imines and ketones is
demonstrated. A detailed mechanistic study supported by computation
implicates the key role of MLC in facilitating effective catalysis.
This approach offers a new strategy for (de)hydrogenation and other
catalytic transformations mediated by zinc and other main group metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sayan Kar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- Department of Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Linda J W Shimon
- Department of Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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11
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Abstract
Activation of dinitrogen plays an important role in daily anthropogenic life, and the processes by which this fixation occurs have been a longstanding and significant research focus within the community. One of the major fields of dinitrogen activation research is the use of multimetallic compounds to reduce and/or activate N2 into a more useful nitrogen-atom source, such as ammonia. Here we report a comprehensive review of multimetallic-dinitrogen complexes and their utility toward N2 activation, beginning with the d-block metals from Group 4 to Group 11, then extending to Group 13 (which is exclusively populated by B complexes), and finally the rare-earth and actinide species. The review considers all polynuclear metal aggregates containing two or more metal centers in which dinitrogen is coordinated or activated (i.e., partial or complete cleavage of the N2 triple bond in the observed product). Our survey includes complexes in which mononuclear N2 complexes are used as building blocks to generate homo- or heteromultimetallic dinitrogen species, which allow one to evaluate the potential of heterometallic species for dinitrogen activation. We highlight some of the common trends throughout the periodic table, such as the differences between coordination modes as it relates to N2 activation and potential functionalization and the effect of polarizing the bridging N2 ligand by employing different metal ions of differing Lewis acidities. By providing this comprehensive treatment of polynuclear metal dinitrogen species, this Review aims to outline the past and provide potential future directions for continued research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devender Singh
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - William R. Buratto
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Juan F. Torres
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Leslie J. Murray
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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12
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Hao H, Schafer LL. Metal–Ligand Cooperativity in Titanium-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydroamination. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z1
| | - Laurel L. Schafer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z1
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13
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Zhou L, Liu D, Lan H, Wang X, Zhao C, Ke Z, Hou C. The origin of different driving forces between O–H/N–H functional groups in metal ligand cooperation: mechanistic insight into Mn( i) catalysed transfer hydrogenation. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02112d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The origin of different catalytic activity between two structurally similar Lewis basic bifunctional catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- P. R. China
| | - Datai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- P. R. China
| | - Haiyi Lan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- P. R. China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- PCFM Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- PCFM Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Cheng Hou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- P. R. China
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14
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Parker GL, Lau S, Leforestier B, Chaplin AB. Probing the Donor Properties of Pincer Ligands Using Rhodium Carbonyl Fragments: An Experimental and Computational Case Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019; 2019:3791-3798. [PMID: 31598095 PMCID: PMC6774296 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal carbonyls are commonly employed probes for quantifying the donor properties of monodentate ligands. With a view to extending this methodology to mer-tridentate "pincer" ligands, the spectroscopic properties [ν(CO), δ 13C, 1 J RhC] of rhodium(I) and rhodium(III) carbonyl complexes of the form [Rh(pincer)(CO)][BArF 4] and [Rh(pincer)Cl2(CO)][BArF 4] have been critically analysed for four pyridyl-based pincer ligands, with two flanking oxazoline (NNN), phosphine (PNP), or N-heterocyclic carbene (CNC) donors. Our investigations indicate that the carbonyl bands of the rhodium(I) complexes are the most diagnostic, with frequencies discernibly decreasing in the order NNN > PNP > CNC. To gain deeper insight, a DFT-based energy decomposition analysis was performed and identified important bonding differences associated with the conformation of the pincer backbone, which clouds straightforward interpretation of the experimental IR data. A correlation between the difference in carbonyl stretching frequencies Δν(CO) and calculated thermodynamics of the RhI/RhIII redox pairs was identified and could prove to be a useful mechanistic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L. Parker
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCV4 7ALCoventryUK
| | - Samantha Lau
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCV4 7ALCoventryUK
| | | | - Adrian B. Chaplin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCV4 7ALCoventryUK
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15
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Gers‐Barlag A, Goursot P, Li M, Dechert S, Meyer F. Sequential Double Dearomatization of the Pyrazolate‐Based “Two‐in‐One” Pincer Ligand in a Dinuclear Rhodium(I) Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gers‐Barlag
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Pierre Goursot
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ming Li
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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16
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Devillard M, Ehlers A, Siegler MA, van der Vlugt JI. Selective Carbanion-Pyridine Coordination of a Reactive P,N Ligand to Rh I. Chemistry 2019; 25:3875-3883. [PMID: 30600857 PMCID: PMC6519283 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ligands with reactive carbon sites in the periphery of a metal center have emerged as a powerful approach for metal-ligand bond activation. These reactive carbon sites are commonly generated by deprotonation strategies. Carbon-silicon bond cleavage is a potential alternative to access such constructs. Herein, the monodesilylation of bis-silyl-substituted P,N scaffold PNSi2 in the coordination sphere of [RhI (Cl)(CO)(PNSi2 )] (1) with sodium azide is disclosed. This affords a unique dinucleating anionic κ2 -C,N-κ1 -P ligand with a carbanionic methine carbon atom directly bound to rhodium as part of a four-membered Rh-N-C-C rhodacycle. This dimer undergoes meta-pyridine C-H activation facilitated by weak bases, which leads to a desymmetrization of the system and provides a σ,π-bridging 3-pyridyl fragment bound to RhI . The facile Si-C cleavage strategy may pave the way to studying the reactivity and functionalization of a variety of κ2 -C,N-coordinated pyridine scaffolds for selective transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Devillard
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas Ehlers
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 254Auckland ParkJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Department of ChemistryJohns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StreetBaltimoreMD21218USA
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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17
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Yuwen J, Brennessel WW, Jones WD. Coordination or Oxidative Addition? Activation of N–H with [Tp′Rh(PMe3)]. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:557-566. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuwen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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18
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Das UK, Chakraborty S, Diskin-Posner Y, Milstein D. Direct Conversion of Alcohols into Alkenes by Dehydrogenative Coupling with Hydrazine/Hydrazone Catalyzed by Manganese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13444-13448. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Subrata Chakraborty
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Chemical Research Support; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
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19
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Das UK, Chakraborty S, Diskin-Posner Y, Milstein D. Direct Conversion of Alcohols into Alkenes by Dehydrogenative Coupling with Hydrazine/Hydrazone Catalyzed by Manganese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Subrata Chakraborty
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Chemical Research Support; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Institution; Rehovot 76100 Israel
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20
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Feller M, Ben-Ari E, Diskin-Posner Y, Milstein D. CO2 activation by metal−ligand-cooperation mediated by iridium pincer complexes. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1475662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moran Feller
- Departments of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Ben-Ari
- Departments of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Departments of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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21
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Oren D, Diskin-Posner Y, Avram L, Feller M, Milstein D. Metal-Ligand Cooperation as Key in Formation of Dearomatized Ni II-H Pincer Complexes and in Their Reactivity toward CO and CO 2. Organometallics 2018; 37:2217-2221. [PMID: 31080304 PMCID: PMC6503609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
unique synthesis and reactivity of [(RPNP*)NiH]
complexes (1a,b), based on metal–ligand
cooperation (MLC), are presented (RPNP* = deprotonated
PNP ligand, R = iPr, tBu). Unexpectedly, the
dearomatized complexes 1a,b were obtained
by reduction of the dicationic complexes [(RPNP)Ni(MeCN)](BF4)2 with sodium amalgam or by reaction of the free
ligand with Ni0(COD)2. Complex 1b reacts with CO via MLC, to give a rare case of a distorted-octahedral
PNP-based pincer complex, the Ni(0) complex 3b. Complexes 1a,b also react with CO2 via MLC to
form a rare example of η1 binding of CO2 to nickel, complexes 4a,b. An unusual
CO2 cleavage process by complex 4b, involving
C–O and C–P cleavage and C–C bond formation,
led to the Ni–CO complex 3b and to the new complex
[(PiPr2NC2O2)Ni(P(O)iPr2)] (5b). All complexes have been
fully characterized by NMR and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Oren
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moran Feller
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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22
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Simayi R, Hope EG, Singh K, Cross WB, Solan GA. NNpyC- and ONpyC-Pincers as functional ligands for palladium(II) complexes and assemblies. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Krishnakumar V, Chatterjee B, Gunanathan C. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Urea Synthesis by N-H Activation of Amines. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:7278-7284. [PMID: 28558205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the N-H bond of amines by a ruthenium pincer complex operating via "amine-amide" metal-ligand cooperation is demonstrated. Catalytic formyl C-H activation of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is observed in situ, which resulted in the formation of CO and dimethylamine. The scope of this new mode of bond activation is extended to the synthesis of urea derivatives from amines using DMF as a carbon monoxide (CO) surrogate. This catalytic protocol allows the synthesis of simple and functionalized urea derivatives with liberation of hydrogen, devoid of any stoichiometric activating reagents, and avoids the direct use of fatal CO. The catalytic carbonylation occurred at low temperature to provide the formamide; a formamide intermediate was isolated. The consecutive addition of different amines provided unsymmetrical urea compounds. The reactions are proposed to proceed via N-H activation of amines followed by CO insertion from DMF and with liberation of dihydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varadhan Krishnakumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Basujit Chatterjee
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Chidambaram Gunanathan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
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24
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Anaby A, Feller M, Ben-David Y, Leitus G, Diskin-Posner Y, Shimon LJW, Milstein D. Bottom-Up Construction of a CO2-Based Cycle for the Photocarbonylation of Benzene, Promoted by a Rhodium(I) Pincer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9941-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aviel Anaby
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moran Feller
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yehoshoa Ben-David
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Linda J. W. Shimon
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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25
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Serin SC, Pick FS, Dake GR, Gates DP. Copper(I) Complexes of Pyridine-Bridged Phosphaalkene-Oxazoline Pincer Ligands. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6670-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer C. Serin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada
| | - Fraser S. Pick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada
| | - Gregory R. Dake
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada
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26
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Nerush A, Vogt M, Gellrich U, Leitus G, Ben-David Y, Milstein D. Template Catalysis by Metal–Ligand Cooperation. C–C Bond Formation via Conjugate Addition of Non-activated Nitriles under Mild, Base-free Conditions Catalyzed by a Manganese Pincer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6985-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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27
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Tang Z, Tejel C, Martinez de Sarasa Buchaca M, Lutz M, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Reactivity of Me-pma RhIand IrIComplexes upon Deprotonation and Their Application in Catalytic Carbene Carbonylation Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Wu Q, Zhou F, Shu X, Jian L, Xu B, Zheng X, Yuan M, Fu H, Li R, Chen H. Synthesis and application of PNP pincer ligands in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of cycloolefins. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New phosphorus ligands were successfully developed for rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of cycloolefins and exerted high aldehyde selectivity for cycloolefins.
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29
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Desnoyer AN, Behyan S, Patrick BO, Dauth A, Love JA, Kennepohl P. Reexamining Oxidation States during the Synthesis of 2-Rhodaoxetanes from Olefins. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:13-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Addison N. Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Shirin Behyan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Alexander Dauth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Love
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Pierre Kennepohl
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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30
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Molecular models of site-isolated cobalt, rhodium, and iridium catalysts supported on zeolites: Ligand bond dissociation energies. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Sandhya KS, Remya GS, Suresh CH. Pincer Ligand Modifications To Tune the Activation Barrier for H2 Elimination in Water Splitting Milstein Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11150-6. [PMID: 26575086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Modifications on the ligand environment of Milstein ruthenium(II) pincer hydride catalysts have been proposed to fine-tune the activation free energy, ΔG(⧧) for the key step of H2 elimination in the water splitting reaction. This study conducted at the B3LYP level of density functional theory including the solvation effect reveals that changing the bulky t-butyl group at the P-arm of the pincer ligand by methyl or ethyl group can reduce the ΔG(⧧) by a substantial margin, ∼ 10 kcal/mol. The reduction in the steric effect of the pincer ligand causes exothermic association of the water molecule to the metal center and leads to significant stabilization of all the subsequent reaction intermediates and the transition state compared to those of the original Milstein catalyst that promotes endothermic association of the water molecule. Though electron donating groups on the pyridyl unit of the pincer ligand are advantageous for reducing the activation barrier in the gas phase, the effect is only 1-1.4 kcal/mol compared to that of an electron withdrawing group. The absolute minimum of the electrostatic potential at the hydride ligand and carbonyl stretching frequency of the catalyst are useful parameters to gauge the effect of ligand environment on the H2 elimination step of the water splitting reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karakkadparambil S Sandhya
- Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology , Trivandrum 695 019, India
| | - Geetha S Remya
- Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology , Trivandrum 695 019, India
| | - Cherumuttathu H Suresh
- Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology , Trivandrum 695 019, India
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32
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Chang YH, Tanigawa I, Taguchi HO, Takeuchi K, Ozawa F. Iridium(I) Complexes Bearing a Noninnocent PNP-Pincer-Type Phosphaalkene Ligand: Catalytic Application in the Base-FreeN-Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Asay M, Morales-Morales D. Non-symmetric pincer ligands: complexes and applications in catalysis. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:17432-47. [PMID: 26396037 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pincer ligands have become ubiquitous in organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis. Recently, new varieties of pincer ligands with non-symmetrical backbones and/or ligating groups have been reported and their application in transition metal complexes has been exploited in a variety of catalytic transformations. This non-symmetric approach vastly increases the structural and electronic diversity of this class of ligand. This approach has proven beneficial in a variety of ways, such as the use of a single weakly coordinating moiety, which can dissociate and thereby create a vacant coordination site to increase the catalyst activity. Additionally, this provides further access to chiral ligands and complexes for asymmetric induction. This perspective highlights recent, important examples of non-symmetric pincer ligands, which feature aryl or pyridine backbones, and the synthesis and use of subsequent complexes in catalytic transformations, and discusses the future potential of this type of ligand system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Asay
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior S/N, Cuidad Universitaria Coyoacan, C.P. 04510, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
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34
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35
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Khusnutdinova JR, Milstein D. Metal-Ligand Cooperation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12236-73. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 783] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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36
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Zhao H, Li X, Zhang S, Sun H. Synthesis and Characterization of Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel [PNP] Pincer Amido Complexes by N-H Activation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201500568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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de Aguiar SRMM, Öztopcu Ö, Stöger B, Mereiter K, Veiros LF, Pittenauer E, Allmaier G, Kirchner K. Synthesis and reactivity of coordinatively unsaturated halocarbonyl molybdenum PNP pincer complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:14669-79. [PMID: 25142749 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01932f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study a series of six-coordinate neutral 16e halocarbonyl Mo(ii) complexes of the type [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)X2] (X = I, Br, Cl), featuring the PNP pincer ligand N,N'-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-N,N'-dimethyl-2,6-diaminopyridine (PNP(Me)-iPr), were prepared and fully characterized. The synthesis of these complexes was accomplished by different methodologies depending on the halide ligands. For X = I and Br, [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)I2] and [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)Br2] were obtained by reacting [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)3] with stoichiometric amounts of I2 and Br2, respectively. In the case of X = Cl, [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)Cl2] was afforded by the reaction of [Mo(CO)4(μ-Cl)Cl]2 with 1 equiv. of PNP(Me)-iPr. The equivalent procedure also worked for X = Br. The modification of the 2,6-diaminopyridine scaffold by introducing NMe instead of NH spacers between the aromatic pyridine ring and the phosphine moieties changed the steric properties of the PNP-iPr ligand significantly. While in the present case exclusively neutral six-coordinate complexes of the type [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)X2] were obtained, with the parent PNP-iPr ligand, i.e. featuring NH spacers, cationic seven-coordinate complexes of the type [Mo(PNP-iPr)(CO)3X]X were afforded. Upon treatment of [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)X2] (X = Br, Cl) with Ag(+) in CH3CN, the cationic complexes [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)(CH3CN)X](+) were formed. Halide abstraction from [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)Cl2] in THF-CH2Cl2 afforded [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)(THF)Cl](+). In keeping with the facile synthesis of monocationic complexes preliminary ESI-MS and DFT/B3LYP studies revealed that one halide ligand in complexes [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)X2] is labile forming cationic fragments [Mo(PNP(Me)-iPr)(CO)X](+) which react with molecular oxygen in parallel pathways to yield mono and dioxo Mo(iv) and Mo(vi) species. Structures of representative complexes were determined by X-ray single crystal analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R M M de Aguiar
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
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38
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Bichler B, Glatz M, Stöger B, Mereiter K, Veiros LF, Kirchner K. An iron(II) complex featuring κ(3) and labile κ(2)-bound PNP pincer ligands - striking differences between CH2 and NH spacers. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:14517-9. [PMID: 25138445 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01933d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of anhydrous FeCl2 with 2 equiv. of the pincer ligand PNP-Ph afforded the diamagnetic cationic octahedral complex [Fe(κ(3)-P,N,P-PNP)(κ(2)-P,N-PNP)Cl](+) featuring a κ(2)-P,N-bound PNP ligand. Preliminary reactivity studies revealed that the κ(2)-P,N-bound PNP ligand is labile reacting with CO to afford trans-[Fe(PNP-Ph)(CO)2Cl](+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Bichler
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
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39
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Wambach TC, Fryzuk MD. Ruthenium Complexes Stabilized by Bidentate Enamido-Phosphine Ligands: Aspects of Cooperative H2 Activation. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:5888-96. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Truman C. Wambach
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael D. Fryzuk
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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40
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Chang YH, Takeuchi K, Wakioka M, Ozawa F. C–H Bond Cleavage of Acetonitrile by Iridium Complexes Bearing PNP-Pincer-Type Phosphaalkene Ligands. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Chang
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masayuki Wakioka
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Ozawa
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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41
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Taguchi HO, Chang YH, Takeuchi K, Ozawa F. Catalytic Synthesis of an Unsymmetrical PNP-Pincer-Type Phosphaalkene Ligand. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiro-omi Taguchi
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS),
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yung-Hung Chang
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS),
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS),
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Ozawa
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS),
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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42
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Feller M, Ben-Ari E, Diskin-Posner Y, Carmieli R, Weiner L, Milstein D. O2 Activation by Metal–Ligand Cooperation with IrI PNP Pincer Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4634-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moran Feller
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eyal Ben-Ari
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lev Weiner
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Departments
of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research
Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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43
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Jongbloed LS, de Bruin B, Reek JNH, Lutz M, van der Vlugt JI. Facile Synthesis and Versatile Reactivity of an Unusual Cyclometalated Rhodium(I) Pincer Complex. Chemistry 2015; 21:7297-305. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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44
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Milstein D. Metal-ligand cooperation by aromatization-dearomatization as a tool in single bond activation. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2015; 373:rsta.2014.0189. [PMID: 25666071 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal-ligand cooperation (MLC) plays an important role in bond activation processes, enabling many chemical and biological catalytic reactions. A recent new mode of activation of chemical bonds involves ligand aromatization-dearomatization processes in pyridine-based pincer complexes in which chemical bonds are broken reversibly across the metal centre and the pincer-ligand arm, leading to new bond-making and -breaking processes, and new catalysis. In this short review, such processes are briefly exemplified in the activation of C-H, H-H, O-H, N-H and B-H bonds, and mechanistic insight is provided. This new bond activation mode has led to the development of various catalytic reactions, mainly based on alcohols and amines, and to a stepwise approach to thermal H2 and light-induced O2 liberation from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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45
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Davidson JJ, DeMott JC, Douvris C, Fafard CM, Bhuvanesh N, Chen CH, Herbert DE, Lee CI, McCulloch BJ, Foxman BM, Ozerov OV. Comparison of the Electronic Properties of Diarylamido-Based PNZ Pincer Ligands: Redox Activity at the Ligand and Donor Ability Toward the Metal. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2916-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ic503062w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian J. Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jessica C. DeMott
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Christos Douvris
- Department
of Chemistry, Brandeis University, MS 015, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Claudia M. Fafard
- Department
of Chemistry, Brandeis University, MS 015, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Brandeis University, MS 015, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Chun-I Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Billy J. McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Bruce M. Foxman
- Department
of Chemistry, Brandeis University, MS 015, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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46
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Wang Y, Zheng B, Pan Y, Pan C, He L, Huang KW. C–H and H–H bond activation via ligand dearomatization/rearomatization of a PN3P-rhodium(i) complex. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15111-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A neutral complex PN3P-Rh(i)Cl (2) was prepared from a reaction of the PN3P pincer ligand (1) with [Rh(COD)Cl]2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Zheng
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yupeng Pan
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengling Pan
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lipeng He
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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47
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Abstract
Using a general synthetic procedure employing readily accessed terminal alkene-functionalized pro-ligands and macrocyclization by ring-closing olefin metathesis, rhodium carbonyl complexes have been prepared that contain lutidine (1a; n = 1) and pyridine (1b; n = 0) derived tridentate CNC macrocycles with dodecamethylene spacers. In solution, 1a shows temperature-invariant time-averaged C2 symmetry by (1)H NMR spectroscopy (CD2Cl2, 500 MHz), whereas in the solid-state, two polymorphs can be obtained showing different conformations of the alkyl spacer about the metal-carbonyl bond (asymmetric and symmetric). In contrast, time-averaged motion of alkyl spacer in 1b can be halted by cooling below 225 K (CD2Cl2, 500 MHz), and the complex crystallizes as a dimer with an interesting unsupported Rh···Rh bonding interaction (3.2758(6) Å). Oxidative addition reactions of 1a and 1b, using MeI and PhICl2, have been studied in situ by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, although pure Rh(III) adducts can be ultimately isolated only with the pyridine-based macrocyclic ligand. The lutidine backbone of 1a can be deprotonated by addition of K[N(SiMe3)2], and the resulting neutral dearomatized complex (5) has been fully characterized in solution, by variable-temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and in the solid state, by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiann E Andrew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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48
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Gunanathan C, Milstein D. Bond activation and catalysis by ruthenium pincer complexes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12024-87. [PMID: 25398045 DOI: 10.1021/cr5002782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chidambaram Gunanathan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) , Bhubaneswar 751005, India
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49
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Bohle DS, Chua Z. Activation of Nitrogen Brønsted Acids: Synthesis and Reactivity of a New Class of Nitrogen Acid Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:11160-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5017033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Scott Bohle
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street. W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Zhijie Chua
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street. W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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50
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Goldfogel MJ, Roberts CC, Meek SJ. Intermolecular hydroamination of 1,3-dienes catalyzed by bis(phosphine)carbodicarbene-rhodium complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6227-30. [PMID: 24742315 DOI: 10.1021/ja502275w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A carbodicarbene (CDC)-based pincer ligand scaffold is reported, along with its application to site-selective Rh(I)-catalyzed intermolecular hydroamination of 1,3-dienes with aryl and alkyl amines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the use of a well-defined CDC complex as an efficient catalyst. Transformations proceed in the presence of 1.0-5.0 mol % Rh complex at 35-120 °C; allylic amines are obtained in up to 97% yield and with >98:2 site selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Goldfogel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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