1
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Lee KH, Distefano MD, Seelig B. Facile immobilization of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate using p-diazobenzoyl-derivatized Sepharose 4B. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 6:101044. [PMID: 38131063 PMCID: PMC10735239 DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is a ubiquitous and versatile cofactor utilized by numerous enzymes involved in amino acid biosynthetic pathways. Immobilized PLP is a valuable tool to isolate unknown PLP-dependent enzymes in nature or to perform in vitro selection or directed evolution on existing or de novo PLP-dependent enzymes. The C-6 position is preferred for covalent immobilization of PLP because it maintains all important functional groups in their native, unmodified form. Previously reported diazonium derivatization methods for C-6 immobilization utilized an azide linker compound that is hazardous and not readily available. Here we report a safer and more accessible method to synthesize p-diazobenzoyl-derivatized Sepharose 4B using the N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester chemistry. The derivative was used to immobilize PLP, and the resulting C-6 immobilized PLP had a loading of ~2.6 μmol PLP per mL of resin, comparable to commercially available products of other immobilized cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Mark D. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Burckhard Seelig
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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2
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Kollár L, Takács A, Molnár C, Kovács A, Mika LT, Pongrácz P. Palladium-Catalyzed Selective Amino- and Alkoxycarbonylation of Iodoarenes with Aliphatic Aminoalcohols as Heterobifunctional O,N-Nucleophiles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5172-5179. [PMID: 37052371 PMCID: PMC10127279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed amino- and alkoxycarbonylation reactions of aryl iodides were investigated in the presence of aliphatic heterobifunctional N,O-nucleophiles. Selective synthesis of amide alcohols and amide esters was realized, controlled by the base and substrate ratio. The effect of iodobenzene substituents was also studied with surprising results in terms of product selectivity. In addition to the model ethanolamine/iodobenzene system, various heteroaromatic substrates and numerous related nucleophiles were tested under optimized conditions, providing moderate to good yields of the target compounds. Reactions of serinol and 1,3-diamino-2-propanol as model trifunctional compounds showed particularly high chemoselectivity on amide ester products. Considering the coordinative properties of the applied nucleophiles, a rational catalytic cycle was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Kollár
- ELKH-PTE Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Attila Takács
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Csilla Molnár
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Andrew Kovács
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - László T Mika
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Müegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Péter Pongrácz
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
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3
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Visible light-driven photocatalytic benzoyl azides formation from benzotrichlorides using rhodium ion modified TiO2. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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4
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Mengele A, Rau S. Learning from Nature's Example: Repair Strategies in Light-Driven Catalysis. JACS AU 2023; 3:36-46. [PMID: 36711104 PMCID: PMC9875256 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The continuous repair of subunits of the photosynthetic apparatus is a key factor determining the overall efficiency of biological photosynthesis. Recent concepts for repairing artificial photocatalysts and catalytically active materials within the realm of solar fuel formation show great potential in reshaping the research directions within this field. This perspective describes the latest advances, concepts, and mechanisms in the field of catalyst repair and catalyst self-healing and provides an outlook on which additional steps need to be taken to bring artificial photosynthetic systems closer to real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
K. Mengele
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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5
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Pfeifer L, Stindt CN, Feringa BL. Coupled Rotary and Oscillatory Motion in a Second-Generation Molecular Motor Pd Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:822-829. [PMID: 36603116 PMCID: PMC9853862 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular machines offer many opportunities for the development of responsive materials and introduce autonomous motion in molecular systems. While basic molecular switches and motors carry out one type of motion upon being exposed to an external stimulus, the development of molecular systems capable of performing coupled motions is essential for the development of more advanced molecular machinery. Overcrowded alkene-based rotary molecular motors are an ideal basis for the design of such systems as they undergo a controlled rotation initiated by light allowing for excellent spatio-temporal precision. Here, we present an example of a Pd complex of a second-generation rotary motor whose Pd center undergoes a coupled oscillatory motion relative to the motor core upon rotation of the motor. We have studied this phenomenon by UV-vis, NMR, and density functional theory calculations to support our conclusions. With this demonstration of a coupled rotation-oscillation motion powered by a light-driven molecular motor, we provide a solid basis for the development of more advanced molecular machines integrating different types of motion in their operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Pfeifer
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte N. Stindt
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands,Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands,
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6
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Synthesis of Novel Cavitand Host Molecules via Palladium-Catalyzed Aryloxy- and Azidocarbonylation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238404. [PMID: 36500499 PMCID: PMC9738772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Novel, elongated, resorcine[4]arene-based cavitands were synthesized via various consecutive reaction steps, including homogeneous catalytic aryloxy- and azidocarbonylation processes. The effects of carbon monoxide pressure and temperature on the conversion were examined in aryloxycarbonylation. It was revealed that a reaction temperature of 100 °C is required to achieve complete conversion both with monodentate (PPh3) and bidentate (Xantphos) phosphines at different carbon monoxide pressures (1-40 bar). Using ten different phenols as O-nucleophiles, partial hydrolysis of the esters to the corresponding carboxylic acids took place-i.e., 58-90% chemoselectivities toward esters were obtained. Moreover, the influences of temperature, reaction time and the catalyst ratio on the selectivity and conversion were described in the case of azidocarbonylation reaction. The formation of the acyl azide with high chemoselevtivity can be achieved at room temperature only. The higher reaction temperatures (50 °C) and higher catalyst loadings favor the formation of the primary amide. The characterization of the target compounds (esters and acyl azides) was carried out by IR and 1H and 13C NMR. The discussion of the influences of various parameters is based on in situ NMR investigations.
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7
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Lagueux-Tremblay PL, Augereau C, Nair P, Tam KM, Arndtsen BA. Palladium Catalyzed Conversion of Aryl Triflates to Acyl-DMAP Salts: A Mild and Versatile Approach to Carbonylations. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Célestin Augereau
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Pranav Nair
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Kwan Ming Tam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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8
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Joseph D, Lee S. Reaction of Amide and Sodium Azide for the Synthesis of Acyl Azide, Urea, and Iminophosphorane. Org Lett 2022; 24:6186-6191. [PMID: 35959978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amides reacted with NaN3 to give the acyl azides in DMF at 25 °C and produce the symmetrical ureas in THF/H2O at 80 °C via the sequential reaction of acyl substitution and Curtius rearrangement. All acyl azides were also obtained from the secondary amides via sequential reaction of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and NaN3. In addition, keto-stabilized iminophosphoranes were prepared from a one-pot reaction of amides, NaN3, and phosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaneyan Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
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9
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Sole R, Toldo S, Bortoluzzi M, Beghetto V. A sustainable route for the synthesis of alkyl arylacetates via halogen and base free carbonylation of benzyl acetates. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00203e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Pd-catalysed carbonylation of benzyl acetates for the synthesis of 2-alkylbenzyl acetates in the absence of base and halogen sources was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sole
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 (VE), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi (CIRCC), via C. Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Sofia Toldo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 (VE), Italy
| | - Marco Bortoluzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 (VE), Italy
| | - Valentina Beghetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 (VE), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi (CIRCC), via C. Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
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10
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Zhang K, Yao Y, Sun W, Wen R, Wang Y, Sun H, Zhang W, Zhang G, Gao Z. Triazine-wingtips accelerated NHC-Pd catalysed carbonylative Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13020-13023. [PMID: 34807198 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05280b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transmetalation as the rate-limiting step was effectively accelerated by newly designed N-heterocyclic carbenes with triazine wingtips (T-NHC). By using a ppm-level precatalyst T-NHC-Pd (8), the highly efficient coupling of aryl iodide, alkyne and carbon monoxide furnished a variety of ynone compounds. T-NHC-Pd (5), which deprotonated 4-methyl-phenylacetylene under mild conditions, converted into alkynyl-coordinated catalytic active species PdCl(T-NHC)(Py)(alkynyl). In the putative Pd/Pd catalytic cycle, both triazine-wingtips and NHCs are key players for establishing the carbonylative cross-couplings with high TON and TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Yanxiu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Huaming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China. .,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
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11
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Sheetal, Sharma AK, Shaifali, Bhattacherjee D, Sharma N, Giri K, Das P. Supported-Pd catalyzed tandem approach for N-arylbenzamides synthesis. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Mikle G, Skoda-Földes R, Kollár L. Amino- and azidocarbonylation of iodoalkenes. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Zhao H, Hu B, Xu L, Walsh PJ. Palladium-catalyzed benzylic C(sp 3)-H carbonylative arylation of azaarylmethyl amines with aryl bromides. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10862-10870. [PMID: 34476065 PMCID: PMC8372623 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly selective palladium-catalyzed carbonylative arylation of weakly acidic benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds of azaarylmethylamines with aryl bromides under 1 atm of CO gas has been achieved. This work represents the first examples of use of such weakly acidic pronucleophiles in this class of transformations. In the presence of a NIXANTPHOS-based palladium catalyst, this one-pot cascade process allows a range of azaarylmethylamines containing pyridyl, quinolinyl and pyrimidyl moieties and acyclic and cyclic amines to undergo efficient reactions with aryl bromides and CO to provide α-amino aryl-azaarylmethyl ketones in moderate to high yields with a broad substrate scope and good tolerance of functional groups. This reaction proceeds via in situ reversible deprotonation of the benzylic C-H bonds to give the active carbanions, thereby avoiding prefunctionalized organometallic reagents and generation of additional waste. Importantly, the operational simplicity, scalability and diversity of the products highlight the potential applicability of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Zhao
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Lijin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
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14
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Boehm P, Martini T, Lee YH, Cacherat B, Morandi B. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Iodination of Aryl Carboxylic Acids Enabled by Ligand-Assisted Halide Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17211-17217. [PMID: 34013616 PMCID: PMC8362116 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient and broadly applicable palladium-catalyzed iodination of inexpensive and abundant aryl and vinyl carboxylic acids via in situ activation to the acid chloride and formation of a phosphonium salt. The use of 1-iodobutane as iodide source in combination with a base and a deoxychlorinating reagent gives access to a wide range of aryl and vinyl iodides under Pd/Xantphos catalysis, including complex drug-like scaffolds. Stoichiometric experiments and kinetic analysis suggest a unique mechanism involving C-P reductive elimination to form the Xantphos phosphonium chloride, which subsequently initiates an unusual halogen exchange by outer sphere nucleophilic substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Tristano Martini
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Yong Ho Lee
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Bastien Cacherat
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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15
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Boehm P, Martini T, Lee YH, Cacherat B, Morandi B. Palladium‐katalysierte decarbonylierende Iodierung von Carbonsäuren, ermöglicht durch Ligand‐unterstützten Halogenaustausch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Tristano Martini
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Yong Ho Lee
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Bastien Cacherat
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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16
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Du S, Wang WF, Song Y, Chen Z, Wu XF. Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Carbonylative Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazol-3-ones from Hydrazonoyl Chlorides and NaN 3. Org Lett 2021; 23:974-978. [PMID: 33433219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed three-component carbonylative reaction for the synthesis of 3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones from hydrazonoyl chlorides and NaN3 has been achieved. The reaction presumably proceeds through a cascade carbonylation, acyl azide formation, Curtius rearrangement, and intramolecular nucleophilic addition sequence. A wide variety of structurally diverse 3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones were constructed in moderate to excellent yields. Benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) was applied as a solid and convenient CO surrogate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Du
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Song
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhengkai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straβe 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China
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17
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Paul M, Laketic K, McIndoe JS. Disulfonated xantphos for mass spectrometric mechanistic analysis. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Xantphos is a wide bite angle bisphosphine ligand that finds wide application in catalysis. Tracking its behavior during reactions under realistic reaction conditions can be difficult at low concentrations, and although electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is effective at real-time monitoring of catalytic reactions, it can only observe ions. Accordingly, we experimented with the dianionic disulfonated version of xantphos as a charged tag for mechanistic analysis. It proved to behave exactly as hoped, providing good intensity and enabled the direct study of both an initial binding event (to copper, very fast) and a subsequent transfer to another metal (palladium). Its dianionic nature makes it especially promising for the study of reactions in which metals change charge state, because a cationic metal complex with an anionic ligand is an invisible zwitterion, whereas a dianionic ligand would instead make the same cationic complex appear due to the overall charge of −1. As such, disulfonated xantphos holds genuine promise as a mechanistic probe in real time analysis using mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Katarina Laketic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - J. Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
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18
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Roy SA, Zgheib J, Zhou C, Arndtsen BA. Palladium catalyzed synthesis of indolizines via the carbonylative coupling of bromopyridines, imines and alkynes. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2251-2256. [PMID: 34163991 PMCID: PMC8179343 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03977b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the development of a palladium-catalyzed, multicomponent synthesis of indolizines. The reaction proceeds via the carbonylative formation of a high energy, mesoionic pyridine-based 1,3-dipole, which can undergo spontaneous cycloaddition with alkynes. Overall, this provides a route to prepare indolizines in a modular fashion from combinations of commercially available or easily generated reagents: 2-bromopyridines, imines and alkynes. A palladium catalyzed, multicomponent synthesis of indolizines is described via the carbon monoxide driven generation of reactive, pyridine-based 1,3-dipoles.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien A Roy
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - José Zgheib
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Cuihan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Bruce A Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
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19
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Thakore RR, Takale BS, Singhania V, Gallou F, Lipshutz BH. Late‐stage Pd‐catalyzed Cyanations of Aryl/Heteroaryl Halides in Aqueous Micellar Media. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita R. Thakore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA-93106 USA
| | - Balaram S. Takale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA-93106 USA
| | - Vani Singhania
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA-93106 USA
| | | | - Bruce H. Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA-93106 USA
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20
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Tukacs JM, Marton B, Albert E, Tóth I, Mika LT. Palladium-catalyzed aryloxy- and alkoxycarbonylation of aromatic iodides in γ-valerolactone as bio-based solvent. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Boehm P, Roediger S, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17887-17896. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sven Roediger
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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22
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Boehm P, Roediger S, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sven Roediger
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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23
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Li X, Qi X, Hou C, Chen P, Liu G. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Azidation of Unactivated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17239-17244. [PMID: 32519504 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The first Pd-catalyzed enantioselective azidation of unactivated alkenes has been established by using readily accessible 1-azido-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one (ABX) as an azidating reagent, which affords a wide variety of structurally diverse 3-N3 -substituted piperidines in good yields with excellent enantioselectivity. The reaction features good functional-group compatibility and mild reaction conditions. Notably, both an electrophilic azidating reagent and the sterically bulky chiral pyridinyl-oxazoline (Pyox) ligand are crucial to the successful reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and, Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoxu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and, Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chuanqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and, Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and, Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and, Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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24
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Li X, Qi X, Hou C, Chen P, Liu G. Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Azidation of Unactivated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiaoxu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chuanqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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25
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Liu Y, Kaiser AM, Arndtsen BA. Palladium catalyzed carbonylative generation of potent, pyridine-based acylating electrophiles for the functionalization of arenes to ketones. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8610-8616. [PMID: 34123121 PMCID: PMC8163404 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here the design of a palladium catalyzed route to generate aryl ketones via the carbonylative coupling of (hetero)arenes and aryl- or vinyl-triflates. In this, the use of the large bite angle Xantphos ligand on palladium provides a unique avenue to balance the activation of the relatively strong C(sp2)–OTf bond with the ultimate elimination of a new class of potent Friedel–Crafts acylating agent: N-acyl pyridinium salts. The latter can be exploited to modulate reactivity and selectivity in carbonylative arene functionalization chemistry, and allow the efficient synthesis of ketones with a diverse array of (hetero)arenes. A palladium catalyzed approach to the overall carbonylative functionalization of arenes to form ketones with aryl- and vinyl-triflates is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Angela M Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Bruce A Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
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26
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Soares-Paulino AA, Stefani HA. Synthesis of Diverse C2-Glyco-Acyl Azides and -Ureas by Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Coupling of 2-Iodoglycals. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Augusto Soares-Paulino
- Departmento de Farmácia; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 05508-000 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Hélio A. Stefani
- Departmento de Farmácia; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 05508-000 São Paulo Brazil
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27
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Torres GM, Liu Y, Arndtsen BA. A dual light-driven palladium catalyst: Breaking the barriers in carbonylation reactions. Science 2020; 368:318-323. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba5901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo M. Torres
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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28
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Inaloo ID, Majnooni S. A Fe3
O4
@SiO2
/Schiff Base/Pd Complex as an Efficient Heterogeneous and Recyclable Nanocatalyst for One-Pot Domino Synthesis of Carbamates and Unsymmetrical Ureas. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dindarloo Inaloo
- Chemistry Department; College of Sciences; Shiraz University; 84795 71946 Shiraz Iran
| | - Sahar Majnooni
- Chemistry Department; College of Sciences; University of Isfahan; 81746-73441 Isfahan Iran
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29
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Kumar A, Kumar N, Sharma R, Bhargava G, Mahajan D. Direct Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Various Nitrogen-Containing Compounds in the One-Pot Exploiting Curtius Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11323-11334. [PMID: 31393719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report, a single-pot multistep conversion of inactivated carboxylic acids to various N-containing compounds using a common synthetic methodology. The developed methodology rendered the use of carboxylic acids as a direct surrogate of primary amines, for the synthesis of primary ureas, secondary/tertiary ureas, O/S-carbamates, benzoyl ureas, amides, and N-formyls, exploiting the Curtius reaction. This approach has a potential to provide a diversified library of N-containing compounds, starting from a single carboxylic acid, based on the selection of the nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences , I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab 144603 , India
| | - Gaurav Bhargava
- Department of Chemical Sciences , I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab 144603 , India
| | - Dinesh Mahajan
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
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30
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Wang Q, Huang F, Liu J, Wang W, Sun C, Chen D. Ligands and Bases Mediate Switching between Aminocarbonylations and Alkoxycarbonylations in Coupling of Aminophenols with Iodoarenes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10217-10226. [PMID: 31335128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of aminocarbonylations and alkoxycarbonylations in coupling of aminophenols with iodoarenes catalyzed by the bidentate phosphorus ligand Pd complexes were explored with theoretical calculations. The origins of chemoselective carbonylation mediated by ligands and bases were disclosed. According to our calculations, the bifurcation points of reaction pathways caused by different ligands and bases combinations are L1/L2Int5, a [DPPP/DIBPP]benzoylpalladium(II)iodide complex. The affinity of L1/L2Int5 and adducts (K2CO3 and DBU), as well as the substrate itself, are the predominant factors of switching from aminocarbonylation to alkoxycarbonylation. The results reveal that K2CO3 directly exchanges iodine with L1Int5 and assists in hydrogen transfer in the DPPP-K2CO3 combination, in which alkoxycarbonylation is more favorable than aminocarbonylation, while for the DIBPP-DBU combination, iodine exchange is achieved by means of the hydrogen bond formed between the carbonyl group on L2Int5 and the substrate amino H due to the influence of the ligand, and then iodine exchange occurs; subsequently DBU-assisted amino H transfers to complete the aminocarbonylation. The proton transfer is the step that determines the chemoselectivity in the DPPP-K2CO3 combination. The iodine exchange determines the chemoselectivity between aminocarbonylation and alkoxycarbonylation in the DIBPP-DBU one. These results would be helpful to deeply understand the roles of each component in a chemoselective reaction in a multicomponent complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
| | - Jianbiao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
| | - Dezhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China
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31
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Fujimoto H, Kusano M, Kodama T, Tobisu M. Cyclization of Bisphosphines to Phosphacycles via the Cleavage of Two Carbon–Phosphorus Bonds by Nickel Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:4177-4181. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Momoka Kusano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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32
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Whiteker GT, Li F, Froese RDJ, Tulchinsky ML, Hazari A, Klosin J. XL-Xantphos: Design and Synthesis of a Mechanistic Probe of Xantphos O-Coordination in Catalytic Reactions. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T. Whiteker
- Process Chemistry, Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Fangzheng Li
- Process Chemistry, Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Robert D. J. Froese
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Michael L. Tulchinsky
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Amaruka Hazari
- Process Chemistry, Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jerzy Klosin
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
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33
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Lee YH, Morandi B. Transition metal-mediated metathesis between P–C and M–C bonds: Beyond a side reaction. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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Catalytic carbonylation of renewable furfural derived 5-bromofurfural to 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid in oil/aqueous bi-phase system. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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35
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Mondal T, Dutta S, De S, Koley D. Computational Exploration of Mechanistic Avenues in C-H Activation Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling. J Org Chem 2019; 84:257-272. [PMID: 30525639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The detailed mechanism of the intermolecular Pd-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reaction between aryl bromides and polyfluoroarenes relying on C(sp2)-H activation was investigated using state-of-the-art computational methods (SMD-B3LYP-D3(BJ)/BS2//B3LYP-D3/BS1). The mechanism unveils the necessary and important roles of a slight excess of carbon monoxide: acting as a ligand in the active catalyst state, participating as a reactant in the carbonylation process, and accelerating the final reductive elimination event. Importantly, the desired carbonylative coupling route follows the rate-limiting C-H activation process via the concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway, which is slightly more feasible than the decarboxylative route leading to byproduct formation by 1.2 kcal/mol. The analyses of the free energies indicate that the choice of base has a significant effect on the reaction mechanism and its energetics. The Cs2CO3 base guides the reaction toward the coupling route, whereas carbonate bases such as K2CO3 and Na2CO3 switch toward an undesired decarboxylative path. However, K3PO4 significantly reduces the C-H activation barrier over the decarboxylation reaction barrier and can act as a potential alternative base. The positional influence of a methoxy substituent in bromoanisole and different substituent effects in polyfluoroarenes were also considered. Our results show that different substituents impose significant impact on the desired carbonylative product formation energetics. Considering the influence of several ligands leads to the conclusion that other phosphine and N-heterocyclic carbene, such as P nBuAd2 and IMes, can be used as an efficient alternative than the experimentally reported P tBu3 ligand exhibiting a clear preference for C-H activation (ΔΔ⧧ GLS) by 7.1 and 10.9 kcal/mol, respectively. We have also utilized the energetic span model to interpret the experimental results. Moreover, to elucidate the origin of activation barriers, energy decomposition analysis calculations were accomplished for the critical transition states populating the energy profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totan Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur 741 246 , India
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur 741 246 , India
| | - Sriman De
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur 741 246 , India
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur 741 246 , India
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36
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Pálinkás N, Kollár L, Kégl T. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Amidines via tert-Butyl isocyanide Insertion. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16118-16126. [PMID: 31458248 PMCID: PMC6643982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Para-substituted iodobenzenes were reacted with tert-butyl isocyanide and piperidine as nucleophiles in the presence of palladium-diphosphine catalysts. Both single and double insertion of the isocyanide was observed and the corresponding amidines and ketimine-amidines were obtained in yields of practical interest. With the increase of the tert-butyl isocyanide/iodobenzene ratio, 100% chemoselectivity toward the ketimine-amidine was achieved. The formation of the products was rationalized on the basis of a catalytic cycle analogous to that of the aminocarbonylation reactions. Clear connection was found between the activity and the electronic structure of the proposed catalyst Pd(diphosphine) by computational studies, as the more negative partial charge on palladium resulted in higher conversion. Among five isocyanide substrates, only tert-butyl isocyanide was proved to be active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Pálinkás
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs
and Szentágothai Research Centre, P. O. Box 266, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs
and Szentágothai Research Centre, P. O. Box 266, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE
Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses, Ifjúság u. 6., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kégl
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs
and Szentágothai Research Centre, P. O. Box 266, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE
Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses, Ifjúság u. 6., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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37
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Kollár L, Takács A. Novel synthesis of 3-carboxamidolactam derivatives via palladium-catalysed aminocarbonylation. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Lee YH, Morandi B. Metathesis-active ligands enable a catalytic functional group metathesis between aroyl chlorides and aryl iodides. Nat Chem 2018; 10:1016-1022. [PMID: 30082881 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current methods for functional group interconversion have, for the most part, relied on relatively strong driving forces which often require highly reactive reagents to generate irreversibly a desired product in high yield and selectivity. These approaches generally prevent the use of the same catalytic strategy to perform the reverse reaction. Here we describe a catalytic functional group metathesis approach to interconvert, under CO-free conditions, two synthetically important classes of electrophiles that are often employed in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals-aroyl chlorides (ArCOCl) and aryl iodides (ArI). Our reaction design relies on the implementation of a key reversible ligand C-P bond cleavage event, which enables a non-innocent, metathesis-active phosphine ligand to mediate a rapid aryl group transfer between the two different electrophiles. Beyond enabling a practical and safer approach to the interconversion of ArCOCl and ArI, this type of ligand non-innocence provides a blueprint for the development of a broad range of functional group metathesis reactions employing synthetically relevant aryl electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ho Lee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Bill Morandi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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39
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Shi G, Yoon T, Cha S, Kim S, Yousuf M, Ahmed N, Kim D, Kang HW, Kim KS. Turn-on and Turn-off Fluorescent Probes for Carbon Monoxide Detection and Blood Carboxyhemoglobin Determination. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1102-1108. [PMID: 29767518 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble, carbazole-based two-photon excitable fluorescent probes MPVC-I ("turn-on") and MPVC-II ("turn-off") are rationally designed and synthesized for the selective monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO). Both probes can effectively measure carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) in the blood of the animals exposed to a CO dose as low as 100 ppm for 10 min. The palladium catalyzed azidocarbonylation reaction was optimized to improve the sensing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genggongwo Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Superfunctional Materials, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Taeseung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Superfunctional Materials, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Seoncheol Cha
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Seulgi Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Muhammad Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Superfunctional Materials, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, main building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Doseok Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Kwang S. Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Superfunctional Materials, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
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Chen B, Peng JB, Ying J, Qi X, Wu XF. A Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Procedure for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Ureas. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha Campus Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha Campus Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha Campus Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Qi
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha Campus Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha Campus Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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41
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Wang JY, Strom AE, Hartwig JF. Mechanistic Studies of Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Chlorides with Carbon Monoxide and Ammonia. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7979-7993. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Y. Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexandra E. Strom
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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42
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Lagueux-Tremblay PL, Fabrikant A, Arndtsen BA. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Aryl Chlorides to Electrophilic Aroyl-DMAP Salts. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Fabrikant
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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43
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Pálinkás N, Kollár L, Kégl T. Viable pathways for the oxidative addition of iodobenzene to palladium(0)-triphenylphosphine-carbonyl complexes: a theoretical study. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:15789-15802. [PMID: 29098208 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03642f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative addition of 4-substituted iodobenzenes on Pd(0) catalysts under CO atmosphere was investigated by means of density functional calculations employing the M06//B97-D3 level of theory. The 18-electron triphenylphosphine-tricarbonyl complex was found to be the global minimum. Several coordinatively unsaturated species are predicted to be present both in N,N-dimethylformamide and toluene solution. In terms of activating iodobenzene, bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) was proved to be the most active. However, due to its lower thermodynamic stability, it is slightly inferior to the Pd-triphenylphosphine-carbonyl complex, which is predicted to react with a free energy of activation of 23.2 kcal mol-1 with respect to the initial resting state tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0). The effect of 4-substituents of iodobenzene on reaction energetics is also discussed. The activity of the Pd(0) catalyst was found to be governed by the donor-acceptor strength of the ancillary ligands: the barrier decreases with increasing basicity and decreasing back-donating capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Pálinkás
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6., H-7624 Hungary
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44
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45
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Abstract
This review highlights the use of the bisphosphine ligand group in homogeneous catalysis.
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46
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Yadav VK, Srivastava VP, Yadav LDS. Pd-catalysed carbonylative annulation of salicylaldehydes with benzyl chlorides using N-formylsaccharin as a CO surrogate. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient synthesis of 3-arylcoumarins by Pd-catalysed carbonylative cyclisation of salicylaldehydes with benzyl chlorides using N-formylsaccharin as a CO source is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K. Yadav
- Green Synthesis Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad-211002
- India
| | - Vishnu P. Srivastava
- Green Synthesis Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad-211002
- India
| | - Lal Dhar S. Yadav
- Green Synthesis Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad-211002
- India
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47
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Zamorano A, Rendón N, López-Serrano J, Álvarez E, Carmona E. Activation of Small Molecules by the Metal–Amido Bond of Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) (η5-C5Me5)M-Aminopyridinate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:150-162. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zamorano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nuria Rendón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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48
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Becica J, Dobereiner GE. Acceleration of Pd-Catalyzed Amide N-Arylations Using Cocatalytic Metal Triflates: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Study. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Becica
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Graham E. Dobereiner
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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49
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Recyclable Polymer-Supported Terpyridine–Palladium Complex for the Tandem Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Iodides to Primary Amides in Water Using NaN3 as Ammonia Equivalent. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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50
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Marosvölgyi-Haskó D, Kégl T, Kollár L. Substituent effects in aminocarbonylation of para -substituted iodobenzenes. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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