1
|
Feng G, Chan KL, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Alumanyl-Samarium(II): Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7204-7209. [PMID: 38505938 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Metal-metal bonded species involving lanthanides are intriguing but rare. The recently reported salt metathesis reaction of an Al anion and SmI2(thf)2 yields novel heterometallic compound possessing two distinctive Al-Sm bonds. Although the Al-Sm bonds were considerably long [3.518(1) and 3.543(1) Å], DFT calculations indicated polar character of the Alδ--Smδ+ bonds. This is the first example of lanthanide species containing X-type Al ligands. Reactivity studies have demonstrated that the introduction of Sm(II) produces unique reactivity. The reaction with carbodiimide led to an insertion of carbodiimide into the Al-Sm bonds and reductive coupling of carbodiimide to create an oxalamidinate moiety, facilitated by Sm(II). Exposure of the Al-Sm-Al complex toward ethylene furnished a Sm(II) salt of anionic aluminacyclopropane that was spontaneously isomerized to a 1,4-dialuminacyclohexane derivative. The important role of Sm(II) to facilitate the ring expansion through an alkyl-relay mechanism was elucidated by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genfeng Feng
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ka Lok Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ward RJ, Rungthanaphatsophon P, Huang P, Kelley SP, Walensky JR. Cooperative dihydrogen activation with unsupported uranium-metal bonds and characterization of a terminal U(iv) hydride. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12255-12263. [PMID: 37969582 PMCID: PMC10631237 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04857h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cooperative chemistry between two or more metal centres can show enhanced reactivity compared to the monometallic fragments. Given the paucity of actinide-metal bonds, especially those with group 13, we targeted uranium(iii)-aluminum(i) and -gallium(i) complexes as we envisioned the low-valent oxidation state of both metals would lead to novel, cooperative reactivity. Herein, we report the molecular structure of [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U-E(C5Me5)], E = Al, Ga, Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2, and their reactivity with dihydrogen. The reaction of H2 with the U(iii)-Al(i) complex affords a trihydroaluminate complex, [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(μ2-(H)3)-Al(C5Me5)] through a formal three-electron metal-based reduction, with concomitant formation of a terminal U(iv) hydride, [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(H)]. Noteworthy is that neither U(iii) complexes nor [(C5Me5)Al]4 are capable of reducing dihydrogen on their own. To make the terminal hydride in higher yields, the reaction of [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(THF)] with half an equivalent of diethylzinc generates [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(CH2CH3)] or treatment of [(C5Me5)2U(i)(Me)] with KOMes forms [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(CH3)], which followed by hydrogenation with either complex cleanly affords [(C5Me5)2(MesO)U(H)]. All complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic and structural methods and are rare examples of cooperative chemistry in f element chemistry, dihydrogen activation, and stable, terminal ethyl and hydride compounds with an f element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
| | | | - Patrick Huang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University East Bay Hayward CA 94542 USA
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
| | - Justin R Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schäfer S, Kaufmann S, Rösch ES, Roesky PW. Divalent metallocenes of the lanthanides - a guideline to properties and reactivity. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37183859 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery in the early 1980s, the soluble divalent metallocenes of lanthanides have become a steadily growing field in organometallic chemistry. The predominant part of the investigation has been performed with samarium, europium, and ytterbium, whereas only a few reports dealing with other rare earth elements were disclosed. Reactions of these metallocenes can be divided into two major categories: (1) formation of Lewis acid-base complexes, in which the oxidation state remains +II; and (2) single electron transfer (SET) reductions with the ultimate formation of Ln(III) complexes. Due to the increasing reducing character from Eu(II) over Yb(II) to Sm(II), the plethora of literature concerning redox reactions revolves around the metallocenes of Sm and Yb. In addition, a few reactivity studies on Nd(II), Dy(II) and mainly Tm(II) metallocenes were published. These compounds are even stronger reducing agents but significantly more difficult to handle. In most cases, the metals are ligated by the versatile pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand: (C5Me5). Other cyclopentadienyl ligands are fully covered but only discussed in detail, if the ligand causes differences in synthesis or reactivity. Thus, the focus lays on three compounds: [(C5Me5)2Sm], [(C5Me5)2Eu] and [(C5Me5)2Yb] and their solvates. We discuss the synthesis and physical properties of divalent lanthanide metallocenes first, followed by an overview of the reactivity rendering the full potential of these versatile reactants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kaufmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Esther S Rösch
- Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, Erzbergerstr. 121, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fang W, Zhu Q, Zhu C. Recent advances in heterometallic clusters with f-block metal-metal bonds: synthesis, reactivity and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8434-8449. [PMID: 36164971 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00424k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the heterometallic synergistic effects from different metals, heterometallic clusters are of great importance in small-molecule activation and catalysis. For example, both biological nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic splitting of water into oxygen are thought to involve multimetallic catalytic sites with d-block transition metals. Benefitting from the larger coordination numbers of f-block metals (rare-earth metals and actinide elements), heterometallic clusters containing f-block metal-metal bonds have long attracted the interest of both experimental and theoretical chemists. Therefore, a series of effective strategies or platforms have been developed in recent years for the construction of heterometallic clusters with f-block metal-metal bonds. More importantly, synergistic effects between f-block metals and transition metals have been observed in small-molecule activation and catalysis. This tutorial review highlights the recent advances in the construction of heterometallic molecular clusters with f-block metal-metal bonds and also their reactivities and applications. It is hoped that this tutorial review will persuade chemists to develop more efficient strategies to construct clusters with f-block metal-metal bonds and also further expand their applications with heterometallic synergistic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi K, Douair I, Feng G, Wang P, Zhao Y, Maron L, Zhu C. Heterometallic Clusters with Multiple Rare Earth Metal–Transition Metal Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5998-6005. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Genfeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Penglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun X, Simler T, Reiter K, Weigend F, Roesky PW. Synthesis and Reactivity of Bis(silylene)-Coordinated Calcium and Divalent Lanthanide Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:14888-14895. [PMID: 32744765 PMCID: PMC7756572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Divalent lanthanide complexes of Eu (1) and Yb (2) coordinated by a chelating pyridine-based bis(silylene) ligand were isolated and fully characterized. Compared to the EuII complex 1, the YbII complex 2 presents a lower thermal stability, resulting in the activation of one SiII -N bond and formation of an YbIII complex (3), which features a unique silylene-pyridyl-amido ligand. The different thermal stability of 1 and 2 points towards reduction-induced cleavage of one SiII -N bond of the bis(silylene) ligand. Successful isolation of the corresponding redox-inert bis(silylene) CaII complex (5) was achieved at low temperature and thermal decomposition into a CaII complex (4) bearing the same silylene-pyridyl-amido ligand was identified. In this case, the thermolysis reaction proceeds through another, non-redox induced, mechanism. An alternative higher yielding route to 4 was developed through an in situ generated silylene-pyridyl-amine proligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Thomas Simler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Kevin Reiter
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu SX, Lu E, Liddle ST. Prediction of high bond-order metal-metal multiple-bonds in heterobimetallic 3d-4f/5f complexes [TM-M{N(o-[NCH 2P(CH 3) 2]C 6H 4) 3}] (TM = Cr, Mn, Fe; M = U, Np, Pu, and Nd). Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12867-12879. [PMID: 31389454 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03086g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite continuing and burgeoning interest in f-block complexes and their bonding chemistry in recent years, investigations of the electronic structures and oxidation states of heterobimetallic complexes, and their bonding features between transition-metals (TMs) and f-elements remain relatively less explored. Here, we report a quantum chemical computational study on the series of TM-actinide and -neodymium complexes [TMAn(L)] and [TMNd(L)] [An = U, Np, Pu; TM = Cr, Mn, Fe; L = {N(o-[NCH2P(CH3)2]C6H4)3}3-] in order to explore periodic trend, generalities and differences in the electronic structure and metal-metal bonding between f-block and d-block elements. Based on the calculations, we find up to five-fold covalent multiple bonding between actinide and transition metal ions, which is in sharp contrast with a single bond between neodymium and transition metals. From a comparative study, a general trend of strength of the An-TM interaction emerges in accordance with the atomic number of the actinide metal, which relates to the nature, energy level, and spatial arrangement of their frontier orbitals. The trend presents a valuable insight for future experimental endeavour searching for isolable complexes with strong and multiple An-TM bonding interactions, especially for the experimentally challenging transuranic elements that require targeted research due to their radioactive nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Hu
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. and Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen SM, Xiong J, Zhang YQ, Ma F, Sun HL, Wang BW, Gao S. Dysprosium complexes bearing unsupported Dy III-Ge II/Sn II metal-metal bonds as single-ion magnets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8250-8253. [PMID: 31243407 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00388f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Two dysprosium complexes bearing unsupported Dy-Ge/Sn metal-metal bonds are reported here, wherein the Dy-Ge and Dy-Sn bonds both contain relatively large covalency. The complexes exhibit slow relaxation of magnetization at zero field with energy barriers of 485 and 620 K, respectively, and the blocking temperature of 6 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ming Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking Ufniversity, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking Ufniversity, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Fang Ma
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ling Sun
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking Ufniversity, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking Ufniversity, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Petrov PA, Nadolinny VA, Bogomyakov AS, Sukhikh TS. The first heterocubane cluster with a [W3GaS4] core. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00650d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The paramagnetic cuboidal clusters [Mo3(GaCl)(μ3-S)4(dppe)3Cl3] and [W3(GaBr)0.81(μ3-S)4(dppe)3Br3] were synthesized by treatment of the corresponding triangular clusters [M3S4(dppe)3X3]X with [Ga(η5-C5Me5)]6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Petrov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
- 630090 Novosibirsk
| | - Vladimir A. Nadolinny
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Centre
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - Taisiya S. Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
- 630090 Novosibirsk
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gong C, Ding H, Lu C, Zhao B, Yao Y. An amidato divalent ytterbium cluster: synthesis and molecular structure, its reactivity to carbodiimides and application in the guanylation reaction. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6031-6038. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An amidato Yb(ii) cluster 1 was synthesized and well characterized. Cluster 1 reacted with DIC to provide three new Yb(iii) complexes, and it was found to be an excellent pre-catalyst for the guanylation reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gong
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Dushu Lake Campus
- Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
| | - Hao Ding
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Dushu Lake Campus
- Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
| | - Chengrong Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Dushu Lake Campus
- Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
| | - Bei Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Dushu Lake Campus
- Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
| | - Yingming Yao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Dushu Lake Campus
- Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Blake MP, Kaltsoyannis N, Mountford P. Probing the Limits of Alkaline Earth–Transition Metal Bonding: An Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12352-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Blake
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Mountford
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lefèvre J, Deacon GB, Junk PC, Maron L. On the reaction mechanism of redox transmetallation of elemental Yb with Hg(C6F5)2 and subsequent reactivity of Yb(C6F5)2 with pyrazole: a DFT investigation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15173-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05439g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT investigations of the redox transmetallation reaction of the diorganomercurial (Hg(C6F5)2) with Yb metal, yielding Yb(C6F5)2, allowed us to define a very low energy reaction mechanism via a C6F5Yb–HgC6F5 intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lefèvre
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA
- UPS
- CNRS
- UMR 5215
- LPCNO
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton Vic 3800
- Australia
| | - Peter C. Junk
- College of Science
- Technology & Engineering
- James Cook University
- Townsville
- Australia
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA
- UPS
- CNRS
- UMR 5215
- LPCNO
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Butovskii MV, Kempe R. Rare earth–metal bonding in molecular compounds: recent advances, challenges, and perspectives. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00802f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review, all structurally authenticated molecular compounds with direct bonds between rare earth metals and transition or main group metals are summarized. Novel aspects of their syntheses, properties and reactivities are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rhett Kempe
- Lehrstuhl Anorganische Chemie II
- Universität Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Meyer J, González-Gallardo S, Hohnstein S, Garnier D, Armbruster MK, Fink K, Klopper W, Breher F. Tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)methane-Based Heterobimetallic Complexes that Contain Zn and CdTransition-Metal Bonds: Synthesis, Structures, and Quantum Chemical Calculations. Chemistry 2014; 21:2905-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
Zeckert K, Griebel J, Kirmse R, Weiß M, Denecke R. Versatile Reactivity of a Lithium Tris(aryl)plumbate(II) Towards Organolanthanoid Compounds: Stable Lead-Lanthanoid-Metal Bonds or Redox Processes. Chemistry 2013; 19:7718-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
16
|
Zeckert K. Pyridyl Compounds of Heavier Group 13 and 14 Elements as Ligands for Lanthanide Metals. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301032x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Zeckert
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oelkers B, Butovskii MV, Kempe R. f-Element-Metal Bonding and the Use of the Bond Polarity To Build Molecular Intermetalloids. Chemistry 2012; 18:13566-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
18
|
Garcia J, Allen MJ. Developments in the Coordination Chemistry of Europium(II). Eur J Inorg Chem 2012; 2012:4550-4563. [PMID: 23049283 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the coordination chemistry of Eu(2+) are reviewed. Common synthetic routes for generating discrete Eu(2+)-containing complexes reported since 2000 are summarized, followed by a description of the reactivity of these complexes and their applications in reduction chemistry, polymerization, luminescence, and as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Rapid development of the coordination chemistry of Eu(2+) has led to an upsurge in the utilization of Eu(2+)-containing complexes in synthetic chemistry, materials science, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sanden T, Gamer MT, Fagin AA, Chudakova VA, Konchenko SN, Fedushkin IL, Roesky PW. Synthesis of Unsupported Ln–Ga Bonds by Salt Metathesis and Ga–Ga Bond Reduction. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Sanden
- Institut für
Anorganische
Chemie and Helmholtz Research School: Energy-Related Catalysis, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstraße
Geb. 30.45, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael T. Gamer
- Institut für
Anorganische
Chemie and Helmholtz Research School: Energy-Related Catalysis, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstraße
Geb. 30.45, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anatoly A. Fagin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of RAS, Tropinina Street
49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Valentina A. Chudakova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of RAS, Tropinina Street
49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Konchenko
- A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentieva
3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of RAS, Tropinina Street
49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institut für
Anorganische
Chemie and Helmholtz Research School: Energy-Related Catalysis, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstraße
Geb. 30.45, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
González-Gallardo S, Bollermann T, Fischer RA, Murugavel R. Cyclopentadiene Based Low-Valent Group 13 Metal Compounds: Ligands in Coordination Chemistry and Link between Metal Rich Molecules and Intermetallic Materials. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3136-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra González-Gallardo
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
(KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Timo Bollermann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Organometallics & Materials Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Organometallics & Materials Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai−400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schulz S. Organoaluminum Complexes with Bonds to s-Block, p-Block, d-Block, and f-Block Metal Centers. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2012_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
22
|
Fedushkin IL, Lukoyanov AN, Tishkina AN, Maslov MO, Ketkov SY, Hummert M. Compounds with Direct Gallium–Lanthanum and Gallium–Zinc Bonds. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200313u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor L. Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-445, Russia
| | - Anton N. Lukoyanov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-445, Russia
| | - Alexandra N. Tishkina
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-445, Russia
| | - Maxim O. Maslov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-445, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu. Ketkov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-445, Russia
| | - Markus Hummert
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Strasse 1, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Saleh LMA, Birjkumar KH, Protchenko AV, Schwarz AD, Aldridge S, Jones C, Kaltsoyannis N, Mountford P. Group 3 and Lanthanide Boryl Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Bonding Analyses of Sc−B, Y−B, and Lu−B σ-Coordinated NHC Analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3836-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2007092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liban M. A. Saleh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Krishna Hassomal Birjkumar
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Andrey V. Protchenko
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Andrew D. Schwarz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry, P.O. Box 23, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Philip Mountford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Krinsky JL, Minasian SG, Arnold J. Covalent Lanthanide Chemistry Near the Limit of Weak Bonding: Observation of (CpSiMe3)3Ce−ECp* and a Comprehensive Density Functional Theory Analysis of Cp3Ln−ECp (E = Al, Ga). Inorg Chem 2010; 50:345-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ic102028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
25
|
Bonello O, Jones C, Stasch A, Woodul WD. Group 2 and 12 Metal Gallyl Complexes Containing Unsupported Ga−M Covalent Bonds (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd). Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1001606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen Bonello
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, P.O. Box 23, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, P.O. Box 23, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andreas Stasch
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, P.O. Box 23, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - William D. Woodul
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, P.O. Box 23, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gonzalez-Gallardo S, Prabusankar G, Cadenbach T, Gemel C, von Hopffgarten M, Frenking G, Fischer RA. Structure and Bonding of Metal-Rich Coordination Compounds Containing Low Valent Ga(I) and Zn(I) Ligands. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-05243-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Zeckert K, Zahn S, Kirchner B. Tin–lanthanoid donor–acceptor bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2638-40. [DOI: 10.1039/b924967b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
28
|
Minasian SG, Krinsky JL, Rinehart JD, Copping R, Tyliszczak T, Janousch M, Shuh DK, Arnold J. A comparison of 4f vs 5f metal-metal bonds in (CpSiMe3)3M-ECp* (M = Nd, U; E = Al, Ga; Cp* = C5Me5): synthesis, thermodynamics, magnetism, and electronic structure. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13767-83. [PMID: 19725526 DOI: 10.1021/ja904565j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of (CpSiMe(3))(3)U or (CpSiMe(3))(3)Nd with (Cp*Al)(4) or Cp*Ga (Cp* = C(5)Me(5)) afforded the isostructural complexes (CpSiMe(3))(3)M-ECp* (M = U, E = Al (1); M = U, E = Ga (2); M = Nd, E = Al (3); M = Nd, E = Ga (4)). In the case of 1 and 2 the complexes were isolated in 39 and 90% yields, respectively, as crystalline solids and were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, variable-temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility, and UV-visible-NIR spectroscopy. In the case of 3 and 4, the complexes were observed by variable-temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy but were not isolated as pure materials. Comparison of the equilibrium constants and thermodynamic parameters DeltaH and DeltaS obtained by (1)H NMR titration methods revealed a much stronger U-Ga interaction in 2 than the Nd-Ga interaction in 4. Competition reactions between (CpSiMe(3))(3)U and (CpSiMe(3))(3)Nd indicate that Cp*Ga selectively binds U over Nd in a 93:7 ratio at 19 degrees C and 96:4 at -33 degrees C. For 1 and 3, comparison of (1)H NMR peak intensities suggests that Cp*Al also achieves excellent U(III)/Nd(III) selectivity at 21 degrees C. The solution electronic spectra and solid-state temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibilities of 1 and 2, in addition to X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) measurements from scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) of 1, are consistent with those observed for other U(III) coordination complexes. DFT calculations using five different functionals were performed on the model complexes Cp(3)M-ECp (M = Nd, U; E = Al, Ga), and empirical fitting of the values for Cp(3)M-ECp allowed the prediction of binding energy estimates for Cp*Al compounds 1 and 3. NBO/NLMO bonding analyses on Cp(3)U-ECp indicate that the bonding consists predominantly of a E-->U sigma-interaction arising from favorable overlap between the diffuse ligand lone pair and the primarily 7s/6d acceptor orbitals on U(III), with negligible U-->E pi-donation. The overall experimental and computational bonding analysis suggests that Cp*Al and Cp*Ga behave as good sigma-donors in these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G Minasian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2007. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
Korobkov I, Gorelsky S, Gambarotta S. Reduced Uranium Complexes: Synthetic and DFT Study of the Role of π Ligation in the Stabilization of Uranium Species in a Formal Low-Valent State. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:10406-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9002525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Korobkov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Serge Gorelsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sandro Gambarotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liddle ST, Mills DP, Gardner BM, McMaster J, Jones C, Woodul WD. A heterobimetallic gallyl complex containing an unsupported Ga-Y bond. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:3520-2. [PMID: 19284761 DOI: 10.1021/ic900278t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the first unsupported Ga-Y bond in [Y{Ga(NArCH)(2)}{C(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))(2)}(THF)(2)] (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) is described; structural and computational analyses are consistent with a highly polarized covalent Ga-Y bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liddle ST, McMaster J, Mills DP, Blake AJ, Jones C, Woodul WD. Sigma and pi donation in an unsupported uranium-gallium bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1077-80. [PMID: 19116996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The molecular chemistry of the f-elements, i.e. the lanthanides and actinides, is traditionally dominated by the use of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or halide ligands. However, the use of metal-based fragments as ligands is underdeveloped, which contrasts to the field of d-block metal–metal complexes that have developed extensively over the last 50 years. Consequently, the use of metal-based fragments as ligands to the f-elements may be regarded as ‘non-traditional’. This review outlines the development of compounds that possess f-element–metal bonds that may be described as polarized covalent or donor–acceptor in nature. For this review, the f-element is defined as (i) a group 3 or lanthanide metal: scandium, yttrium and lanthanum to lutetium or (ii) an actinide metal: thorium or uranium, and the metal is defined as a d-block transition metal, or a p-block triel (group 13, aluminium or gallium), a tetrel (group 14, silicon, germanium or tin), or a pnictide (group 15, antimony or bismuth) metal. Silicon, germanium and antimony are traditionally classified as metalloids, but we include them in this review for completeness. This review focuses on complexes that have been unambiguously structurally authenticated by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, and novel aspects of their syntheses, properties and reactivities are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Liddle
- School of Chemistry, University of NottinghamUniversity Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liddle S, McMaster J, Mills D, Blake A, Jones C, Woodul W. σ and π Donation in an Unsupported Uranium-Gallium Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
35
|
Arnold PL, McMaster J, Liddle ST. An unsupported transition metal–lanthanide bond; synthesis and crystal structure of an Nd–Fe amido N-heterocyclic carbene complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:818-20. [DOI: 10.1039/b819072k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
36
|
Roesky PW. Compounds with low-valent group 13 metals as ligands for electron poor main group and transition metals. Dalton Trans 2009:1887-93. [DOI: 10.1039/b816377d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Jones C, Stasch A, Woodul WD. Gallyl lanthanide complexes containing unsupported Ln–Ga (Ln = Sm, Eu, Yb or Tm) bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:113-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b817933f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Fedushkin IL, Lukoyanov AN, Fukin GK, Ketkov SY, Hummert M, Schumann H. Synthesis, Molecular Structure and DFT Study of [(dpp-bian)GaM(Et2O)3] (M=Li, Na; dpp-bian=1,2-bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene). Chemistry 2008; 14:8465-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Butovskii M, Tok O, Wagner F, Kempe R. Bismetallocenes: Lanthanoid-Transition-Metal Bonds through Alkane Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6469-72. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
41
|
Butovskii M, Tok O, Wagner F, Kempe R. Bismetallocene - Lanthanoid-Übergangsmetall-Bindungen durch Alkaneliminierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
42
|
Wiecko M, Eidamshaus C, Köppe R, Roesky PW. An unusual barium olefin complex. Dalton Trans 2008:4837-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b811436f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|