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Schädle D, Litlabø R, Meermann-Zimmermann M, Thim-Spöring R, Schädle C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Rare-Earth-Metal Methyl and Methylidene Complexes Stabilized by Tp R,R'-Scorpionato Ligands─Size Matters. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9624-9637. [PMID: 38407062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Homoleptic tetramethylaluminates Ln(AlMe4)3 react with KTptBu,Me (TptBu,Me = tris(3-tBu-5-Me-pyrazolyl)borato) to yield rare-earth-metal methylidene complexes (TptBu,Me)Ln(μ3-CH2)[(μ-Me)AlMe2]2 (Ln = La, Ce, Nd). The lanthanum reaction is prone to additional C-H- and B-N-bond activation, affording coproducts La[HB(pzMe,tBu)(pzCMe2,Me)2][(μ-CH2)(μ-Me)AlMe2]2 and [La(μ-pztBu,Me)(AlMe4)2]2 (pztBu,Me = 3-tBu-5-Me-pyrazolato). The protonolysis reaction of Ln(AlMe4)3 and HpztBu,Me provides more efficient access to [Ln(μ-pztBu,Me)(AlMe4)2]2 (Ln = La, Nd). Treatment of Ln(AlMe4)3 with KTpMe,Me led to methylidene complexes (TpMe,Me)Ln(μ3-CH2)[(μ-Me)AlMe2]2 (Ln = Nd, Sm) or bis(tetramethylaluminate) complexes (TpMe,Me)Ln(AlMe4)2 (Ln = Y, Lu). The neodymium reaction generated methine derivative (TpMe,Me)Nd[(μ4-CH)(AlMe2)2(μ-pz,Me,Me)][(μ-Me)AlMe2] as a minor coproduct. The reaction of Ln(GaMe4)3 (Ln = Y, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Ho) with HTptBu,Me gave methylidene complexes (TptBu,Me)Ln(μ3-CH2)[(μ-Me)GaMe2]2 (Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Sm) and alkyl complexes (TptBu,Me)LnMe[(μ-Me)GaMe3] (Ln = Y, Ho), while competing B-N bond activation reactions produced GaMe2[BH(Me)(μ-pztBu,Me)2] and (TptBu,Me)Ln(η2-pztBu,Me)[(μ-Me)GaMe3] (Ln = Y, Ho). The steric impact of the TpR,Me ligands was examined by cone angle calculations. Rare-earth-metal methylidene complexes (TptBu,Me)Ln(μ3-CH2)[(μ-Me)EMe2]2 (E = Al, Ga) successfully promote carbonyl methylenation reactions upon addition of ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rannveig Litlabø
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Melanie Meermann-Zimmermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Renita Thim-Spöring
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl W Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Lebon J, Barisic D, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Yttrium Complexes with Group 13 Heterobenzene-Type Ligands. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302846. [PMID: 37747699 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The yttrium gallabenzene complex [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 Ga)(μ-Me)Y(2,4-dtbp)] is accessible from Y(GaMe4 )3 and K(2,4-dtbp) via a tandem salt metathesis/methane elimination (2,4-dtbp=2,4-di-tert-butyl-pentadienyl). The pentadienyl ligand in [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 E)(μ-Me)Y(2,4-dtbp)] (E=Al, Ga) is easily displaced by salt metathesis with KC5 Me5 and KTpMe,Me (TpMe,Me =tris(pyrazolyl-Me2 -3,5)borato) affording [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 E)(μ-Me)Y(TpMe,Me )] and [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 E)(μ-Me)Y(C5 Me5 )]. The yttrium center in [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 E)(μ-Me)Y(2,4-dtbp)] readily forms adducts with neutral Lewis bases like 4-DMAP (4-dimethylaminopyridine), PMe3 , DMPE (1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane), and DME (1,2-dimethoxyethane). In stark contrast, addition of TMEDA (N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) results in methyl/pentadienyl exchange between aluminum and yttrium resulting in [(1-(2,4-dtbp)-1-Me-3,5-tBu2 -C5 H3 Al)Y(Me)(tmeda)]. The bonding features of the newly synthesized complexes are analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and heteronuclear (89 Y, 31 P) NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Lebon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Damir Barisic
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Spiridopoulos G, Kramer M, Kracht F, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Anwander R. [(CH 3 )Al(CH 2 )] 12 : Methylaluminomethylene (MAM-12). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200823. [PMID: 35638696 PMCID: PMC9544092 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The molecular structure of enigmatic "poly(aluminium-methyl-methylene)" (first reported in 1968) has been unraveled in a transmetalation reaction with gallium methylene [Ga8 (CH2 )12 ] and AlMe3 . The existence of cage-like methylaluminomethylene moieties was initially suggested by the reaction of rare-earth-metallocene complex [Cp*2 Lu{(μ-Me)2 AlMe2 }] with excess AlMe3 affording the deca-aluminium cluster [Cp*4 Lu2 (μ3 -CH2 )12 Al10 (CH3 )8 ] in low yield (Cp*=C5 Me5 ). Treatment of [Ga8 (CH2 )12 ] with excess AlMe3 reproducibly gave the crystalline dodeca-aluminium complex [(CH3 )12 Al12 (μ3 -CH2 )12 ] (MAM-12). Revisiting a previous approach to "poly(aluminium-methyl-methylene" by using a (C5 H5 )2 TiCl2 /AlMe3 (1 : 100) mixture led to amorphous solids displaying solubility behavior and spectroscopic features similar to those of crystalline MAM-12. The gallium methylene-derived MAM-12 was used as an efficient methylene transfer reagent for ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Spiridopoulos
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Markus Kramer
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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Bonath M, Schädle D, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. The Alkylaluminate/Gallate Trap: Metalation of Benzene by Heterobimetallic Yttrocene Complexes [Cp* 2Y(MMe 3R)] (M = Al, Ga). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14952-14968. [PMID: 34514777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yttrocene derivatives [Cp*2Y(MMe4)] (Cp* = C5Me5; M = Al, Ga) and Cp*2Y[Me3Al{B(NDippCH)2}] (Dipp = C6H3iPr2-2,6) deprotonate benzene at elevated temperatures via the release of methane. The formation of [Cp*2Y(Me2MPh2)] (M = Al, Ga), Cp*2Y(MPh4) (M = Al, Ga), Cp*2Y[Me2AlPh{B(NDippCH)2}], and Cp*2Y[AlPh3{B(NDippCH)2}] can be controlled via the temperature applied. The activation temperature and formation of the coordinatively unsaturated "reactive" [Cp*2YMe] strongly depend on the coordination strength of the displaceable Lewis acids [AlMe3]2, GaMe3, and [Me2Al{B(NDippCH)2}]2. Hence, [Cp*2Y(AlMe4)] requires temperatures above 100 °C to metalate benzene, while Cp*2Y[AlMe3{B(NDippCH)2}] undergoes C-H-bond activation even at ambient temperatures. A kinetic deuterium isotope effect was observed for the reactions in C6D6 solutions. Distinct differences in the stabilities of the bulky Group 13 anions ([Me2MPh2]-, [MPh4]-, [Me3Al{B(NDippCH)2}]-, [Me2AlPh{B(NDippCH)2}]-, and [AlPh3{B(NDippCH)2}]-) are assessed by detailed studies of the coordination chemistry with tetrahydrofuran (THF) and by variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Thus, increased steric bulk or a reduced Lewis acidity of the Group 13 metal center promote temperature-sensitive dissociation of trivalent Group 13 alkyl entities. Consequently, compound Cp*2Y[AlPh3{B(NDippCH)2}] was found to engage in a dissociation equilibrium with [Cp*2YPh] and AlPh2{B(NDippCH)2} in a C6D6 solution at ambient temperature. The reaction of Cp*2Y[AlPh3{B(NDippCH)2}] with THF results in the concomitant formation of monometallic Cp*2YPh(THF) and the solvent-separated ion pair [Cp*2Y(THF)2][AlPh3{B(NDippCH)2}].
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bonath
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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Bonath M, Birkelbach VM, Stuhl C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Rare-earth-metallocene alkylaluminates trigger distinct tetrahydrofuran activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7918-7921. [PMID: 34286733 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03024h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermal treatment of Cp*2YMe(thf) (Cp* = C5Me5), obtained from Cp*2Y(AlMe4) via donor-induced AlMe3 cleavage, in THF resulted in the concomitant formation of vinyl oxide Cp*2Y(OC2H3)(thf) and 2-ethylene-tetrahydrofuranyl complex Cp*2Y(2-C2H4-OC4H7) via the release of methane. In stark contrast, dissolving Cp*2La(AlMe4) in THF/n-hexane led to the quantitative formation of AlMe3-stabilized 2-tetrahydrofuranyl complex Cp*2La(2-AlMe3-OC4H7), with methane elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bonath
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Verena M Birkelbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Christoph Stuhl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
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Birkelbach VM, Kracht F, Dietrich HM, Stuhl C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. A Rare-Earth-Metal Ensemble of the Tebbe Reagent: Scope of Coligands and Carbonyl Olefination. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena M. Birkelbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - H. Martin Dietrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Stuhl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Hollfelder CO, Meermann-Zimmermann M, Spiridopoulos G, Werner D, Törnroos KW, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. C-H-Bond Activation and Isoprene Polymerization Studies Applying Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-Supported Rare-Earth-Metal Bis(Tetramethylaluminate) and Dimethyl Complexes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203703. [PMID: 31618971 PMCID: PMC6832758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As previously shown for lutetium and yttrium, 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (C5Me5 = Cp*)-bearing rare-earth metal dimethyl half-sandwich complexes [Cp*LnMe2]3 are now also accessible for holmium, dysprosium, and terbium via tetramethylaluminato cleavage of [Cp*Ln(AlMe4)2] with diethyl ether (Ho, Dy) and tert-butyl methyl ether (TBME) (Tb). C–H-bond activation and ligand redistribution reactions are observed in case of terbium and are dominant for the next larger-sized gadolinium, as evidenced by the formation of mixed methyl/methylidene clusters [(Cp*Ln)5(CH2)(Me)8] and metallocene dimers [Cp*2Ln(AlMe4)]2 (Ln = Tb, Gd). Applying TBME as a “cleaving” reagent can result in both TBME deprotonation and ether cleavage, as shown for the formation of the 24-membered macrocycle [(Cp*Gd)2(Me)(CH2OtBu)2(AlMe4)]4 or monolanthanum complex [Cp*La(AlMe4){Me3Al(CH2)OtBu}] and monoyttrium complex [Cp*Y(AlMe4)(Me3AlOtBu)], respectively. Complexes [Cp*Ln(AlMe4)2] (Ln = Ho, Dy, Tb, Gd) and [Cp*LnMe2]3 (Ln = Ho, Dy) are applied in isoprene and 1,3-butadiene polymerization, upon activation with borates [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and [PhNHMe2][B(C6F5)4], as well as borane B(C6F5)3. The trans-directing effect of AlMe3 in the binary systems [Cp*Ln(AlMe4)2]/borate is revealed and further corroborated by the fabrication of high-cis-1,4 polybutadiene (97%) with “aluminum-free” [Cp*DyMe2]3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]. The formation of multimetallic active species is supported by the polymerization activity of pre-isolated cluster [(Cp*Ho)3Me4(CH2)(thf)2].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Meermann-Zimmermann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Daniel Werner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Karl W Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Reiner Anwander
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Abstract
The hitherto unknown homoleptic tetramethylaluminate complex [Sc(AlMe4)3] could be obtained by reacting the ate complex [Li3ScMe6(thf)1.2] with AlMe3 in the cold. It cocrystallizes with AlMe3 as [Sc(AlMe4)3(Al2Me6)0.5] and decomposes at ambient temperature in n-pentane via multiple C-H bond activations to the mixed methyl/methylidene complex [Sc3(μ3-CH2)2(μ2-CH3)3(AlMe4)2(AlMe3)2]. Donor-induced methylaluminate cleavage of [Sc(AlMe4)3(Al2Me6)0.5] produced [ScMe3]n in good yield, which could be derivatized with trimethyltriazacyclononane (Me3TACN) to form the structurally characterizable [(Me3TACN)ScMe3]. Additionally, half-sandwich complex [Cp*Sc(AlMe4)2] and sandwich complex [Cp*2Sc(AlMe4)] were accessible by salt metathesis reactions from [Sc(AlMe4)3(Al2Me6)0.5] and KCp* (Cp* = C5Me5). 45Sc NMR spectroscopy was applied as a significant probe to evidence the existence of [ScMe3]n. Compounds [(Me3TACN)ScMe3] (+624.6 ppm) and [ScMe3(thf)x] (+601.7 ppm) gave large 45Sc NMR shifts, revealing the strong deshielding effect of the σ-bonded alkyl ligands on the scandium nuclei. Ultimately, cationized [Sc(AlMe4)3(Al2Me6)0.5] was employed in isoprene polymerization, leading to polymers in high yields (>95%) and with high (>90%) cis-1,4-polyisoprene content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Barisic
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Dominic Diether
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
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Bonath M, Maichle-Mössmer C, Sirsch P, Anwander R. Gallium Methylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8206-8210. [PMID: 30942520 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the eminent importance of metal alkylidene species for organic synthesis and industrial catalytic processes, molecular homoleptic metal methylene compounds [M(CH2 )n ] as the simplest representatives, have remained elusive. Reports on this topic date back to 1955 when polymeric [Li2 (CH2 )]n and [Mg(CH2 )]n were accessed by pyrolysis of methyllithium and dimethylmagnesium, respectively. However, the insoluble salt-like composition of these compounds has impeded their application as valuable reagents. We report that rare-earth metallocene methyl complexes [(C5 Me5 )2 Ln{(μ-Me)2 GaMe2 }] (Ln=Lu, Y) trigger the formation of homoleptic gallium methylene [Ga8 (μ-CH2 )12 ] from trimethylgallium [GaMe3 ] (Me=methyl) via a cascade C-H bond activation involving the dodecametallic clusters [(C5 Me5 )6 Ln3 (μ3 -CH2 )6 Ga9 (μ-CH2 )9 ] as crucial intermediates. Such gallium methylene compounds feature a reversible [Ga8 (μ-CH2 )12 ]/[Ga6 (μ-CH2 )9 ] oligomer switch in donor solvents and act as Schrock-type methylene-transfer reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bonath
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Sirsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bonath
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Peter Sirsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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11
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Barisic D, Buschmann DA, Schneider D, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Anwander R. Rare‐Earth‐Metal Pentadienyl Half‐Sandwich and Sandwich Tetramethylaluminates–Synthesis, Structure, Reactivity, and Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Chemistry 2019; 25:4821-4832. [PMID: 30714644 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Barisic
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Dennis A. Buschmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - David Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | | | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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12
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Barisic D, Schneider D, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Bildung und Reaktivität eines Aluminabenzol-Liganden an Seltenerdmetall-Pentadienyl-Komplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Barisic
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - David Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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13
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Barisic D, Schneider D, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Formation and Reactivity of an Aluminabenzene Ligand at Pentadienyl-Supported Rare-Earth Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1515-1518. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Barisic
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - David Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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14
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Luo Y, Chen J. Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of rare-earth metal amide complexes supported by pyrrolyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl ligand. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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16
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Yu C, Zhang P, Gao F, Zhang S, Li X. A displacement-type fluorescent probe reveals active species in the coordinative polymerization of olefins. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01915g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The correct identification of active species is an important prerequisite to study the mechanism of coordinative polymerization of olefins, which can afford important theoretical guidance for the design and synthesis of new organometallic catalysts and high-performance polyolefin materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 10081
- China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 10081
- China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 10081
- China
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 10081
- China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 10081
- China
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17
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Diether D, Tyulyunov K, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Fluorenyl Half-Sandwich Bis(tetramethylaluminate) Complexes of the Rare-Earth Metals: Synthesis, Structure, and Isoprene Polymerization. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Diether
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Tyulyunov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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18
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Luo Y, Gao Z, Chen J. Rare-earth metal bis(silylamide) complexes supported by ferrocene-substituted amidinate and their performance in cis -1,4 selective polymerization of isoprene. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Dettenrieder N, Dietrich HM, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Yttrium Siloxide Complexes Bearing Terminal Methyl Ligands: Molecular Models for Ln−CH3Terminated Silica Surfaces. Chemistry 2016; 22:13189-200. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Dettenrieder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - H. Martin Dietrich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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20
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Spallek T, Heß O, Meermann-Zimmermann M, Meermann C, Klimpel MG, Estler F, Schneider D, Scherer W, Tafipolsky M, Törnroos KW, Maichle-Mössmer C, Sirsch P, Anwander R. Synthesis and structural diversity of trivalent rare-earth metal diisopropylamide complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13750-65. [PMID: 27471799 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of rare-earth metal diisopropylamide complexes has been obtained via salt metathesis employing LnCl3(THF)x and lithium (LDA) or sodium diisopropylamide (NDA) in n-hexane. Reactions with AM : Ln ratios ≥3 gave ate complexes (AM)Ln(NiPr2)4(THF)n (n = 1, 2; Ln = Sc, Y, La, Lu; AM = Li, Na) in good yields. For smaller rare-earth metal centres such as scandium and lutetium, a Li : Ln ratio = 2.5 accomplished ate-free tris(amido) complexes Ln(NiPr2)3(THF). The chloro-bridged dimeric derivatives [Ln(NiPr2)2(μ-Cl)(THF)]2 (Ln = Sc, Y, La, Lu) could be obtained in high yields for Li : Ln = 1.6-2. The product resulting from the Li : La = 1 : 1.6 reaction revealed a crystal structure containing two different molecules in the crystal lattice, [La(NiPr2)2(THF)(μ-Cl)]2·La(NiPr2)3(THF)2. Recrystallization of the chloro-bridged dimers led to the formation of the monomeric species Ln(NiPr2)2Cl(THF)2 (Ln = Sc, Lu) and La(NiPr2)3(THF)2. The reaction of YCl3 and LDA with Li : Y = 2 in the absence of THF gave a bimetallic ate complex LiY(NiPr2)4 with a chain-like structure. For scandium, the equimolar reactions with LDA or NDA yielded crystals of tetrametallic mono(amido) species, {[Sc(NiPr2)Cl2(THF)]2(LiCl)}2 and [Sc(NiPr2)Cl2(THF)]4, respectively. Depending on the Ln(iii) size, AM, and presence of a donor solvent, ate complexes (AM)Ln(NiPr2)4(THF)n show distinct dynamic behaviour as revealed by variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. The presence of weak LnCH(iPr) β-agostic interactions, as indicated by Ln-N-C angles <105°, is corroborated by DFT calculations and NBO analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Spallek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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21
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Shi L, Su Q, Chen J, Li X, Luo Y. Rare-earth metal bis(silylamide) complexes supported by mono-dentate arylamido ligand: synthesis, reactivity, and catalyst precursors in living cis-1,4-selective polymerization of isoprene. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:1391-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
One-pot salt metathesis reaction of LnCl3, [2,6-iPr2C6H3N(SiMe3)]Li and LiN(SiHMe2)2 in 1 : 1 : 2 molar ratio gave [2,6-iPr2C6H3N(SiMe3)]Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]2(THF) (Ln = Y, Lu, La), which were highly active for cis-1,4 polymerization of isoprene in the presence of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and AliBu3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Shi
- Ningbo Polytechnic
- Ningbo 315800
- P. R. China
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
| | - Qi Su
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory
- Ningbo Institute of Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Ningbo 315100
- P. R. China
| | - Jue Chen
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory
- Ningbo Institute of Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Ningbo 315100
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P. R. China
| | - Yunjie Luo
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory
- Ningbo Institute of Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Ningbo 315100
- P. R. China
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22
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Bienfait AM, Wolf BM, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Ln(II)/Pb(II)–Ln(III)/Pb(0) Redox Approach toward Rare-Earth-Metal Half-Sandwich Complexes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André M. Bienfait
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Benjamin M. Wolf
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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23
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24
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Schädle C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Reactivity of Yttrium Methyl Complexes: Hydrido Transfer Capability of Selected Alkylalanes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schädle
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Schädle D, Meermann-Zimmermann M, Maichle-Mössmer C, Schädle C, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Rare-earth metal methylidene complexes with Ln3(μ3-CH2)(μ3-Me)(μ2-Me)3 core structure. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:18101-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02936h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although protected from intermolecular deactivation by a picket-fence-type arrangement of bulky amido ligands the CH22− moiety is readily converted into oxo species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | | | | | - Christoph Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | | | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
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26
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Schädle D, Enders M, Schädle C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Reactivity of halfsandwich rare-earth metal methylaluminates toward potassium (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)amide and 1-adamantylamine. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00800j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Donor functionalities drastically affect salt-metathetical methylaluminato–amido exchange reactions in CpRLn(AlMe4)2 by triggering methylaluminate cleavage and C–H bond activation of proximal aliphatic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Christoph Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | | | | | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
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27
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Dettenrieder N, Hollfelder CO, Jende LN, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Half-Sandwich Rare-Earth-Metal Alkylaluminate Complexes Bearing Peripheral Boryl Ligands. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Dettenrieder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph O. Hollfelder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars N. Jende
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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28
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Jende LN, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Rare-Earth-Metal Alkylaluminates Supported by N-Donor-Functionalized Cyclopentadienyl Ligands: CH Bond Activation and Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Chemistry 2013; 19:16321-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Schädle C, Fischbach A, Herdtweck E, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Reactivity of Yttrium Carboxylates Toward Alkylaluminum Hydrides. Chemistry 2013; 19:16334-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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31
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Kaneko H, Dietrich HM, Schädle C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Tsurugi H, Törnroos KW, Mashima K, Anwander R. Synthesis of Rare-Earth-Metal Iminopyrrolyl Complexes from Alkyl Precursors: Ln→Al N-Ancillary Ligand Transfer. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301002n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka
560-8551, Japan
| | - H. Martin Dietrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle
18, D-72076 Tübingen,
Germany
| | - Christoph Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle
18, D-72076 Tübingen,
Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle
18, D-72076 Tübingen,
Germany
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka
560-8551, Japan
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka
560-8551, Japan
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle
18, D-72076 Tübingen,
Germany
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32
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Li X, Wang X, Tong X, Zhang H, Chen Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Wang X, Nishiura M, He H, Lin Z, Zhang S, Hou Z. Aluminum Effects in the Syndiospecific Copolymerization of Styrene with Ethylene by Cationic Fluorenyl Scandium Alkyl Catalysts. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om3011036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xin Tong
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Organometallic
Chemistry Laboratory and Advanced Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Masayoshi Nishiura
- Organometallic
Chemistry Laboratory and Advanced Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Zhenguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun
Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Organometallic
Chemistry Laboratory and Advanced Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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33
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Luo Y, Lei Y, Fan S, Wang Y, Chen J. Synthesis of mono-amidinate-ligated rare-earth-metal bis(silylamide) complexes and their reactivity with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], AlMe3 and isoprene. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4040-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32868b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Sun S, Ouyang H, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Shen Q, Yao Y. Synthesis of β-diketiminate-ligated bimetallic and monometallic lanthanide amide complexes and their reactivity with isoprene and AlMe3. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:16355-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52014e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2009. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Chen F, Fan S, Wang Y, Chen J, Luo Y. Unusual Si–H Bond Activation and Formation of Cationic Scandium Amide Complexes from a Mono(amidinate)-Ligated Scandium Bis(silylamide) Complex and Their Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3002119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Ningbo Institute
of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo
315100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shimin Fan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Ningbo Institute
of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo
315100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibin Wang
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Ningbo Institute
of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo
315100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jue Chen
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Ningbo Institute
of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo
315100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Luo
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Ningbo Institute
of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo
315100, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Lichtenberg C, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Bis(allyl)gallium cation, tris(allyl)gallium, and tetrakis(allyl)gallate: synthesis, characterization, and reactivity. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:2254-62. [PMID: 22268716 DOI: 10.1021/ic202293t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of cationic, neutral, and anionic allylgallium complexes has been isolated and fully characterized. It includes neutral [Ga(η(1)-C(3)H(5))(3)(L)] (1, L = THF; 2, L = OPPh(3)), cationic [Ga(η(1)-C(3)H(5))(2)(THF)(2)](+)[A](-) (3, [A](-) = [B(C(6)F(5))(4)](-); 4, [A](-) = [B(C(6)H(3)Cl(2))(4)](-)), as well as anionic [Cat](+)[Ga(η(1)-C(3)H(5))(4)](-) (5, [Cat](+) = K(+); 6, [Cat](+) = [K(dibenzo-18-c-6](+); 7, [Cat](+) = [PPh(4)](+)). Binding modes of the allyl ligand in solution and in the solid state have been studied comparatively. Single crystal X-ray analyses revealed a four-coordinate neutral gallium center in 2, a five-coordinate cationic gallium center in 4 and [4·THF], and a four-coordinate anionic gallium center with a bridging μ(2)-η(1):η(2) coordination mode of the allyl ligand in 6. The reactivity of this series of allylgallium complexes toward benzophenone and N-heteroaromatics has been investigated. Counterion effects have also been studied. Reactions of 1 and 5 with isoquinoline revealed the first examples of organogallium complexes reacting under 1,2-insertion with pyridine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Dagorne S, Fliedel C. Organoaluminum Species in Homogeneous Polymerization Catalysis. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2012_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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39
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Dietrich HM, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. LaAl3Et12: ein homoleptischer Lanthanethylkomplex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Dietrich HM, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. LaAl3Et12: A Homoleptic Ethyllanthanum Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:12089-93. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Michel O, König S, Törnroos KW, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Surface Organobarium and Organomagnesium Chemistry on Periodic Mesoporous Silica MCM-41: Convergent and Sequential Approaches Traced by Molecular Models. Chemistry 2011; 17:11857-67. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Michel O, Yamamoto K, Tsurugi H, Maichle-Mössmer C, Törnroos KW, Mashima K, Anwander R. Reactivity of Permethylated Magnesium Complexes toward β-Diimines. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200361m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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Occhipinti G, Meermann C, Dietrich HM, Litlabø R, Auras F, Törnroos KW, Maichle-Mössmer C, Jensen VR, Anwander R. Synthesis and stability of homoleptic metal(III) tetramethylaluminates. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6323-37. [PMID: 21466201 DOI: 10.1021/ja2001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Whereas a number of homoleptic metal(III) tetramethylaluminates M(AlMe(4))(3) of the rare earth metals have proven accessible, the stability of these compounds varies strongly among the metals, with some even escaping preparation altogether. The differences in stability may seem puzzling given that this class of metals usually is considered to be relatively uniform with respect to properties. On the basis of quantum chemically obtained relative energies and atomic and molecular descriptors of homoleptic tris(tetramethylaluminate) and related compounds of rare earth metals, transition metals, p-block metals, and actinides, multivariate modeling has identified the importance of ionic metal-methylaluminate bonding and small steric repulsion between the methylaluminate ligands for obtaining stable homoleptic compounds. Low electronegativity and a sufficiently large ionic radius are thus essential properties for the central metal atom. Whereas scandium and many transition metals are too small and too electronegative for this task, all lanthanides and actinides covered in this study are predicted to give homoleptic compounds stable toward loss of trimethylaluminum, the expected main decomposition reaction. Three of the predicted lanthanide-based compounds Ln(AlMe(4))(3) (Ln = Ce, Tm, Yb) have been prepared and fully characterized in the present work, in addition to Ln(OCH(2)tBu)(3)(AlMe(3))(3) (Ln = Sc, Nd) and [Eu(AlEt(4))(2)](n). At ambient temperature, donor-free hexane solutions of Ln(AlMe(4))(3) of the Ln(3+)/Ln(2+) redox-active metal centers display enhanced reduction to [Ln(AlMe(4))(2)](n) with decreasing negative redox potential, in the order Eu ≫ Yb ≫ Sm. Whereas Eu(AlMe(4))(3) could not be identified, Yb(AlMe(4))(3) turned out to be isolable in low yield. All attempts to prepare the putative Sc(AlMe(4))(3), featuring the smallest rare earth metal center, failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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Zimmermann M, Volbeda J, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Tetramethylcyclopentadienyl-supported rare-earth metal bis(tetramethyl)aluminate complexes: Synthesis, structural chemistry, cation formation, and isoprene polymerization. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Litlabø R, Enders M, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Bis(tetramethylaluminate) Complexes of Yttrium and Lanthanum Supported by a Quinolyl-Substituted Cyclopentadienyl Ligand: Synthesis and Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100283b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rannveig Litlabø
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Dietrich HM, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Donor-assisted tetramethylaluminate/gallate exchange in organolanthanide complexes: pushing the limits of Pearson's HSAB concept. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:5783-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00383b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Zimmermann M, Litlabø R, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. “Metastable” Lu(GaMe4)3 Reacts Like Masked [LuMe3]: Synthesis of an Unsolvated Lanthanide Dimethyl Complex. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900838h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Zimmermann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rannveig Litlabø
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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