1
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Sun L, Nie P, Luan L, Herdewijn P, Wang YT. Synthetic approaches and application of clinically approved small-molecule Anti-HIV drugs: An update. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115847. [PMID: 37801826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Application of chemotherapeutic agents to inhibit the HIV replication process has brought about a significant metamorphosis in the landscape of AIDS. Substantial declines in morbidity and mortality rates have been attained, accompanied by notable decreases in healthcare resource utilization. However, treatment modalities do not uniformly inhibit HIV replication in every patient, while the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains poses a substantial obstacle to subsequent therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, chronic administration of therapy may lead to the manifestation of toxicities. These challenges necessitate the exploration of novel pharmacological agents and innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at effectively managing the persistent viral replication characteristic of chronic infection. This review examines the role of clinically approved small-molecule drugs in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, which provides an in-depth analysis of the major classes of small-molecule drugs, including nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, and pharmacokinetic enhancers. The review mainly discusses the application, synthetic routes, and mechanisms of action of small-molecule drugs employed in the treatment of HIV, as well as their use in combination with antiretroviral therapy, presenting viewpoints on forthcoming avenues in the development of novel anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Peng Nie
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute of Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Li Luan
- Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China.
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute of Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ya-Tao Wang
- First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, 476100, China; Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute of Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Guo F, Shan S, Gong X, Dai C, Quan Z, Cheng X, Fan X. Deuteration Degree-Controllable Methylation via a Cascade Assembly Strategy using Methylamine-Water as Methyl Source. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301458. [PMID: 37222652 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel and effective photocatalytic method for the methylation of β-diketones with controllable degrees of deuterium incorporation via development of new methyl sources. By utilizing a methylamine-water system as the methyl precursor and a cascade assembly strategy for deuteration degree control, we synthesized methylated compounds with varying degrees of deuterium incorporation, showcasing the versatility of this approach. We examined a range of β-diketone substrates and synthesized key intermediates for drug and bioactive compounds with varying degrees of deuterium incorporation, ranging from 0 to 3. We also investigated and discussed the postulated reaction pathway. This work demonstrates the utility of readily available reagents, methylamines and water, as a new methyl source, and provides a simple and efficient strategy for the synthesis of degree-controllable deuterium-labelled compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhu Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shiquan Shan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Cancan Dai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhengjun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Xiamin Cheng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xinyuan Fan
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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3
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Sawant AA, Jadav SS, Nayani K, Mainkar PS. Development of Synthetic Approaches Towards HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs). ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Amol Sawant
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Surender Singh Jadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Uppal Road Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Kiranmai Nayani
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Uppal Road Hyderabad 500037 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Prathama S. Mainkar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Uppal Road Hyderabad 500037 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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4
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Magano J. Large-Scale Amidations in Process Chemistry: Practical Considerations for Reagent Selection and Reaction Execution. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Magano
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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5
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Ma F, Li J, Zhang S, Gu Y, Tan T, Chen W, Wang S, Ma P, Xu H, Yang G, Lerner RA. DNA-Encoded Libraries: Hydrazide as a Pluripotent Precursor for On-DNA Synthesis of Various Azole Derivatives. Chemistry 2021; 27:8214-8220. [PMID: 33811386 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
DNA-encoded combinatorial chemical library (DEL) technology, an approach that combines the power of genetics and chemistry, has emerged as an invaluable tool in drug discovery. Skeletal diversity plays a fundamental importance in DEL applications, and relies heavily on novel DNA-compatible chemical reactions. We report herein a phylogenic chemical transformation strategy using DNA-conjugated benzoyl hydrazine as a common versatile precursor in azole chemical expansion of DELs. DNA-compatible reactions deriving from the common benzoyl hydrazine precursor showed excellent functional group tolerance with exceptional efficiency in the synthesis of various azoles, including oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, and triazoles, under mild reaction conditions. The phylogenic chemical transformation strategy provides DELs a facile way to expand into various unique chemical spaces with privileged scaffolds and pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuang Gu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wanting Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Richard A Lerner
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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6
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Caputo F, Corbetta S, Piccolo O, Vigo D. Seeking for Selectivity and Efficiency: New Approaches in the Synthesis of Raltegravir. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caputo
- Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l., Via Curiel 34, 20067 Paullo, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Corbetta
- Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l., Via Curiel 34, 20067 Paullo, Milan, Italy
| | - Oreste Piccolo
- Studio di Consulenza Scientifica, Via Bornò 5, 23896 Sirtori, Lecco, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l., Via Curiel 34, 20067 Paullo, Milan, Italy
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7
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Chen Y. Advances in the Synthesis of Methylated Products through Indirect Approaches. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Chen
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early DevelopmentCardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
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8
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Li QH, Li ZF, Tao J, Li WF, Ren LQ, Li Q, Peng YG, Liu TL. Titanium-Catalyzed Cyano-Borrowing Reaction for the Direct Amination of Cyanohydrins with Ammonia. Org Lett 2019; 21:8429-8433. [PMID: 31592676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
α-Aminonitrile was an important building block in natural products and key intermedia in organic chemistry. Herein, the direct amination of cyanohydrins with the partner of ammonia to synthesis N-unprotected α-aminonitriles is developed. The reaction proceeds via titanium-catalyzed cyano-borrowing reaction, which features high atom economy and simple operation. A broad range of ketone or aldehyde cyanohydrins was tolerated with ammonia, and the N-unprotected α-aminonitriles were synthesis with moderate to high yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Zhao-Feng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Jing Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Wan-Fang Li
- College of Science , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Li-Qing Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Yun-Gui Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Tang-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
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9
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Karumanchi K, Nangi GBS, Danda SR, Chavakula R, Korupolu RB, Bonige KB. A Facile Synthesis of Raltegravir Potassium—An HIV Integrase Inhibitor. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Karumanchi
- Chemical Research and DevelopmentAPL Research Centre‐II, Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Survey No. 71 & 72, Indrakaran Village, Kandi Mandal Sangareddy Telangana 502329 India
- Department of Engineering ChemistryAndhra University College of Engineering Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530003 India
| | - Gangadhara Bhima Shankar Nangi
- Chemical Research and DevelopmentAPL Research Centre‐II, Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Survey No. 71 & 72, Indrakaran Village, Kandi Mandal Sangareddy Telangana 502329 India
| | - Subba Reddy Danda
- Chemical Research and DevelopmentAPL Research Centre‐II, Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Survey No. 71 & 72, Indrakaran Village, Kandi Mandal Sangareddy Telangana 502329 India
| | - Ramadas Chavakula
- Chemical Research and DevelopmentAPL Research Centre‐II, Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Survey No. 71 & 72, Indrakaran Village, Kandi Mandal Sangareddy Telangana 502329 India
| | - Raghu Babu Korupolu
- Department of Engineering ChemistryAndhra University College of Engineering Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530003 India
| | - Kishore Babu Bonige
- Department of Engineering ChemistryAndhra University College of Engineering Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530003 India
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10
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Huang YM, Alharbi NS, Sun B, Shantharam CS, Rakesh KP, Qin HL. Synthetic routes and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of anti-HIV agents: A key review. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111566. [PMID: 31401538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide increase of AIDS, an epidemic infection in constant development has an essential and still requires potent antiretroviral chemotherapeutic agents for reducing the integer of deaths caused by HIV. Thus, there is an urgent need for new anti-HIV drug candidates with increased strength, new targets, superior pharmacokinetic properties, and compact side effects. From this viewpoint, we first review present strategies of anti-HIV drug innovation and the synthesis of heterocyclic or natural compound as anti-HIV agents for facilitating the development of more influential and successful anti-HIV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Njud S Alharbi
- Biotechnology Research Group, Deportment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - C S Shantharam
- Department of Chemistry, Pooja Bhagavath Memorial Mahajana Education Centre, Mysuru, 570016, Karnataka, India
| | - K P Rakesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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11
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Bihani M, Bora PP, Nachtegaal M, Jasinski JB, Plummer S, Gallou F, Handa S. Microballs Containing Ni(0)Pd(0) Nanoparticles for Highly Selective Micellar Catalysis in Water. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maarten Nachtegaal
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, Villigen, 5232 Switzerland
| | | | - Scott Plummer
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Misra A, Jain S, Kishore D, Dave V, Reddy KR, Sadhu V, Dwivedi J, Sharma S. A facile one pot synthesis of novel pyrimidine derivatives of 1,5-benzodiazepines via domino reaction and their antibacterial evaluation. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 163:105648. [PMID: 31195033 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyrimidine (8, 14, 18 and 23) embellished analogues of 1,5-benzodiazepines were synthesized by the one-pot domino approach using the catalyst DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). For each compound synthesized, anti-microbial efficacy was determined using broth microdilution assay and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Furthermore, FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscope) studies were also carried out to observe the effect of the structure of test compounds on the morphology of both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) cell walls. The leakage of nucleotides and their integral components from compromised bacterial cells was assessed by plotting the optical density (OD) with respect to time of exposure at 320 nm. Anti-bacterial studies revealed that compound 23 was most active against targeted bacterial species. Results of the antibacterial study indicated that all the test compounds possess significant antibacterial potential against targeted bacterial strains. Amongst all, in the FE-SEM study, compound 23 caused marked alteration in bacterial cell morphology and resulted in maximum leakage of cell nucleotides in bacterial strains as compared to controls. Further efforts are required to establish their efficacy as antibacterial agents in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sonika Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Dharma Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Vivek Dave
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Veera Sadhu
- School of Physical Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India.
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
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13
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Maji M, Kundu S. Cooperative ruthenium complex catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of pyrimidines. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:17479-17487. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04040d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of pyrimidines from amidines and alcohols is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Maji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Sabuj Kundu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
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14
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Chen Y. Recent Advances in Methylation: A Guide for Selecting Methylation Reagents. Chemistry 2018; 25:3405-3439. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Chen
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech UnitAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
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15
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Ciubotaru M, Musat MG, Surleac M, Ionita E, Petrescu AJ, Abele E, Abele R. The Design of New HIV-IN Tethered Bifunctional Inhibitors Using Multiple Microdomain Targeted Docking. Curr Med Chem 2018; 26:2574-2600. [PMID: 29623824 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180406114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, used antiretroviral HIV therapy drugs exclusively target critical groups in the enzymes essential for the viral life cycle. Increased mutagenesis of their genes changes these viral enzymes, which once mutated can evade therapeutic targeting, effects which confer drug resistance. To circumvent this, our review addresses a strategy to design and derive HIV-Integrase (HIV-IN) inhibitors which simultaneously target two IN functional domains, rendering it inactive even if the enzyme accumulates many mutations. First we review the enzymatic role of IN to insert the copied viral DNA into a chromosome of the host T lymphocyte, highlighting its main functional and structural features to be subjected to inhibitory action. From a functional and structural perspective we present all classes of HIV-IN inhibitors with their most representative candidates. For each chosen compound we also explain its mechanism of IN inhibition. We use the recently resolved cryo EM IN tetramer intasome DNA complex onto which we dock various reference IN inhibitory chemical scaffolds such as to target adjacent functional IN domains. Pairing compounds with complementary activity, which dock in the vicinity of a IN structural microdomain, we design bifunctional new drugs which may not only be more resilient to IN mutations but also may be more potent inhibitors than their original counterparts. In the end of our review we propose synthesis pathways to link such paired compounds with enhanced synergistic IN inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Ciubotaru
- Department of Immunology, Colentina Clinical Hospital Research Center, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Life and Environmental Physics, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering Horia Hulubei, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihaela Georgiana Musat
- Department of Immunology, Colentina Clinical Hospital Research Center, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Surleac
- Department of Bio-informatics and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Ionita
- Department of Immunology, Colentina Clinical Hospital Research Center, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Life and Environmental Physics, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering Horia Hulubei, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Andrei Jose Petrescu
- Department of Bio-informatics and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Edgars Abele
- Modern Catalysis Method Mihai Ciubotaru group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ramona Abele
- Modern Catalysis Method Mihai Ciubotaru group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
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16
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Misra A, Sharma S, Sharma D, Dubey S, Mishra A, Kishore D, Dwivedi J. Synthesis and molecular docking of pyrimidine incorporated novel analogue of 1,5-benzodiazepine as antibacterial agent. J CHEM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Lacbay CM, Menni M, Bernatchez JA, Götte M, Tsantrizos YS. Pharmacophore requirements for HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors that selectively "Freeze" the pre-translocated complex during the polymerization catalytic cycle. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1713-1726. [PMID: 29478802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reverse transcriptase (RT) is responsible for replicating the HIV-1 genome and is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of HIV infections. During each cycle of the RT-catalyzed DNA polymerization process, inorganic pyrophosphate is released as the by-product of nucleotide incorporation. Small molecules were identified that act as bioisosteres of pyrophosphate and can selectively freeze the catalytic cycle of HIV-1 RT at the pre-translocated stage of the DNA- or RNA-template-primer-enzyme complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus M Lacbay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Michael Menni
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Sir William Osler Promenade, Montreal, Quebec H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Jean A Bernatchez
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Sir William Osler Promenade, Montreal, Quebec H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Matthias Götte
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-020 Katz Group Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Youla S Tsantrizos
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Sir William Osler Promenade, Montreal, Quebec H3G1Y6, Canada.
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18
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Shi T, Qin F, Li Q, Zhang W. Copper-catalyzed three-component synthesis of pyrimidines from amidines and alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9487-9491. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient copper catalyzed three-component reaction of amidines, primary alcohols and secondary alcohols for the synthesis of pyrimidines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Feng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
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19
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Stathakis CI, Gkizis PL, Alexandraki ES, Trakossas S, Terzidis M, Neokosmidis E, Zacharis CK, Vasiliadou C, Vastardi E, Andreou T, Zitrou A, Varvogli AA, Koftis TV. (Chloromethyl)dimethylchlorosilane–KF: A Two-Step Solution to the Selectivity Problem in the Methylation of a Pyrimidone Intermediate en Route to Raltegravir. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos I. Stathakis
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Petros L. Gkizis
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Elli S. Alexandraki
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Sakellarios Trakossas
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Michael Terzidis
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Efstratios Neokosmidis
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | | | - Christina Vasiliadou
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Elli Vastardi
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Thanos Andreou
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Asteria Zitrou
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | | | - Theocharis V. Koftis
- Pharmathen S.A., API R&D Operations, ninth km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
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20
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Kamijo S, Kamijo K, Murafuji T. Synthesis of Alkylated Pyrimidines via Photoinduced Coupling Using Benzophenone as a Mediator. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2664-2671. [PMID: 28194979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b03058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of alkylated pyrimidines was achieved via benzophenone-mediated photoinduced coupling between saturated heterocycles and sulfonylpyrimidines. The pyrimidine ring was selectively introduced at the nonacidic C(sp3)-H bond proximal to heteroatoms including oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. This is a coupling reaction mediated solely by photoexcited benzophenone, an organic molecule, without the aid of any metallic catalysts or reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kamijo
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University , Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Kaori Kamijo
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University , Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Murafuji
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University , Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
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21
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Zhong YL, Yasuda N, Li H, McLaughlin M, Tschaen D. Process Chemistry in Antiviral Research. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:77. [PMID: 27807768 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews antiviral therapies that have been approved for human use during the last decade, with a focus on the process chemistry that enabled access to these important drugs. In particular, process chemistry highlights from the practical syntheses of the HCV drugs sofosbuvir (Gilead), grazoprevir (Merck), and elbasvir (Merck), the HIV therapy darunavir (Tibotec) and the influenza treatment peramivir (BioCryst) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA.
| | - Nobuyoshi Yasuda
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Hongming Li
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Mark McLaughlin
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - David Tschaen
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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22
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Likhite N, Lakshminarasimhan T, Rao MHVR, Shekarappa V, Sidar S, Subramanian V, Fraunhoffer KJ, Leung S, Vaidyanathan R. A Scalable Synthesis of 2-(1,2,4-Oxadiazol-3-yl)propan-2-amine Hydrobromide Using a Process Safety-Driven Protecting Group Strategy. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Likhite
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Thirumalai Lakshminarasimhan
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Mallem H. V. Ramana Rao
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Vijaykumar Shekarappa
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Somprabha Sidar
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Varadharajan Subramanian
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Kenneth J. Fraunhoffer
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Simon Leung
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Rajappa Vaidyanathan
- Chemical
and Synthetic Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
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23
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24
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Structure-Based Virtual Ligand Screening on the XRCC4/DNA Ligase IV Interface. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22878. [PMID: 26964677 PMCID: PMC4786802 DOI: 10.1038/srep22878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of DNA Ligase IV (Lig4) with XRCC4 is essential for repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) in humans. DSBs cytotoxicity is largely exploited in anticancer therapy. Thus, NHEJ is an attractive target for strategies aimed at increasing the sensitivity of tumors to clastogenic anticancer treatments. However the high affinity of the XRCC4/Lig4 interaction and the extended protein-protein interface make drug screening on this target particularly challenging. Here, we conducted a pioneering study aimed at interfering with XRCC4/Lig4 assembly. By Molecular Dynamics simulation using the crystal structure of the complex, we first delineated the Lig4 clamp domain as a limited suitable target. Then, we performed in silico screening of ~95,000 filtered molecules on this Lig4 subdomain. Hits were evaluated by Differential Scanning Fluorimetry, Saturation Transfer Difference-NMR spectroscopy and interaction assays with purified recombinant proteins. In this way we identified the first molecule able to prevent Lig4 binding to XRCC4 in vitro. This compound has a unique tripartite interaction with the Lig4 clamp domain that suggests a starting chemotype for rational design of analogous molecules with improved affinity.
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25
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Dunetz JR, Magano J, Weisenburger GA. Large-Scale Applications of Amide Coupling Reagents for the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/op500305s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R. Dunetz
- Process
Chemistry, Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Javier Magano
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gerald A. Weisenburger
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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26
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Holmes N, Akien GR, Blacker AJ, Woodward RL, Meadows RE, Bourne RA. Self-optimisation of the final stage in the synthesis of EGFR kinase inhibitor AZD9291 using an automated flow reactor. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-optimising flow reactors combine online analysis with evolutionary feedback algorithms to rapidly achieve optimum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Holmes
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Geoffrey R. Akien
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - A. John Blacker
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | | | | | - Richard A. Bourne
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
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27
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Abstract
Viruses are major pathogenic agents causing a variety of serious diseases in humans, other animals, and plants. Drugs that combat viral infections are called antiviral drugs. There are no effective antiviral drugs for many viral infections. However, there are several drugs for influenza, a couple of drugs for herpesviruses, and some new antiviral drugs for treatment of HIV and hepatitis C infections. The arsenal of antivirals is complex. As of March 2014, it consists of approximately 50 drugs approved by the FDA, approximately half of which are directed against HIV. Antiviral drug creation strategies are focused on two different approaches: targeting the viruses themselves or targeting host cell factors. Direct virus-targeting antiviral drugs include attachment inhibitors, entry inhibitors, uncoating inhibitors, protease inhibitors, polymerase inhibitors, nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and integrase inhibitors. Protease inhibitors (darunavir, atazanavir, and ritonavir), viral DNA polymerase inhibitors (acyclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir, and tenofovir), and an integrase inhibitor (raltegravir) are included in the list of Top 200 Drugs by sales for the 2010s.
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28
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Weissman SA, Anderson NG. Design of Experiments (DoE) and Process Optimization. A Review of Recent Publications. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500169m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Weissman
- J-Star Research, 3001
Hadley Road, Unit 1, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - Neal G. Anderson
- Anderson’s
Process Solutions, 7400 Griffin Lane, Jacksonville, Oregon 97530, United States
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29
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Wang J, Sánchez-Roselló M, Aceña JL, del Pozo C, Sorochinsky AE, Fustero S, Soloshonok VA, Liu H. Fluorine in Pharmaceutical Industry: Fluorine-Containing Drugs Introduced to the Market in the Last Decade (2001–2011). Chem Rev 2013; 114:2432-506. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4002879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3202] [Impact Index Per Article: 291.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - María Sánchez-Roselló
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Aceña
- Department
of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carlos del Pozo
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alexander E. Sorochinsky
- Department
of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo, 36-5 Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Institute
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Street 1, 02660 Kyiv-94, Ukraine
| | - Santos Fustero
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department
of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo, 36-5 Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Hong Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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30
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Arora R, de Beauchene IC, Polanski J, Laine E, Tchertanov L. Raltegravir flexibility and its impact on recognition by the HIV-1 IN targets. J Mol Recognit 2013; 26:383-401. [PMID: 23836466 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 IN is a pertinent target for the development of AIDS chemotherapy. The first IN-specific inhibitor approved for the treatment of HIV/AIDS, RAL, was designed to block the ST reaction. We characterized the structural and conformational features of RAL and its recognition by putative HIV-1 targets - the unbound IN, the vDNA, and the IN•vDNA complex - mimicking the IN states over the integration process. RAL binding to the targets was studied by performing an extensive sampling of the inhibitor conformational landscape and by using four different docking algorithms: Glide, Autodock, VINA, and SurFlex. The obtained data evidenced that: (i) a large binding pocket delineated by the active site and an extended loop in the unbound IN accommodates RAL in distinct conformational states all lacking specific interactions with the target; (ii) a well-defined cavity formed by the active site, the vDNA, and the shortened loop in the IN•vDNA complex provide a more optimized inhibitor binding site in which RAL chelates Mg(2+) cations; (iii) a specific recognition between RAL and the unpaired cytosine of the processed DNA is governed by a pair of strong H-bonds similar to those observed in DNA base pair G-C. The identified RAL pose at the cleaved vDNA shed light on a putative step of RAL inhibition mechanism. This modeling study indicates that the inhibition process may include as a first step RAL recognition by the processed vDNA bound to a transient intermediate IN state, and thus provides a potentially promising route to the design of IN inhibitors with improved affinity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Arora
- Bioinformatics, Molecular Dynamics & Modeling (BiMoDyM), Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée (LBPA-CNRS), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235, Cachan, France
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31
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Structural modifications of 5,6-dihydroxypyrimidines with anti-HIV activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7114-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Patil GD, Kshirsagar SW, Shinde SB, Patil PS, Deshpande MS, Chaudhari AT, Sonawane SP, Maikap GC, Gurjar MK. Identification, Synthesis, and Strategy For Minimization of Potential Impurities Observed In Raltegravir Potassium Drug Substance. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op300077m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulabrao D. Patil
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Siddheshwar W. Kshirsagar
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Shivnath B. Shinde
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Pankaj S. Patil
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Mangesh S. Deshpande
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Ashok T. Chaudhari
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Swapnil P. Sonawane
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Golak C. Maikap
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
| | - Mukund K. Gurjar
- API R & D Centre, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., ITBT Park, Phase-II, M.IDC Hinjewadi, Pune - 411057, India
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33
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Bellomo A, Celebi-Olcum N, Bu X, Rivera N, Ruck RT, Welch CJ, Houk KN, Dreher SD. Rapid Catalyst Identification for the Synthesis of the Pyrimidinone Core of HIV Integrase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Bellomo A, Celebi-Olcum N, Bu X, Rivera N, Ruck RT, Welch CJ, Houk KN, Dreher SD. Rapid Catalyst Identification for the Synthesis of the Pyrimidinone Core of HIV Integrase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6912-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Zang J, Sirota E, Moment A, Williams JM, Tellers DM, Helmy R. Development and Application of a User-Friendly Automated HPLC Dilution Macro for API Route Optimization. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op200289r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zang
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
| | - Eric Sirota
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
| | - Aaron Moment
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
| | - J. Michael Williams
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
| | - David M. Tellers
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
| | - Roy Helmy
- Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United
States
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36
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Campeau LC, Dolman SJ, Gauvreau D, Corley E, Liu J, Guidry EN, Ouellet SG, Steinhuebel D, Weisel M, O’Shea PD. Convergent Kilo-Scale Synthesis of a Potent Renin Inhibitor for the Treatment of Hypertension. Org Process Res Dev 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/op2001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Charles Campeau
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck-Frosst, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Québec H9H 3L1, Canada
| | - Sarah J. Dolman
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck-Frosst, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Québec H9H 3L1, Canada
| | - Danny Gauvreau
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck-Frosst, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Québec H9H 3L1, Canada
| | - Ed Corley
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jinchu Liu
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Erin N. Guidry
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Stéphane G. Ouellet
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck-Frosst, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Québec H9H 3L1, Canada
| | - Dietrich Steinhuebel
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mark Weisel
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Paul D. O’Shea
- Global Process Chemistry, Merck-Frosst, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Québec H9H 3L1, Canada
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