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Müller WH, Verdin A, De Pauw E, Malherbe C, Eppe G. Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging: A review. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:373-420. [PMID: 33174287 PMCID: PMC9292874 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) has attracted increasing interest due to its unique capabilities, achievable through the nanostructured substrates used to promote the analyte desorption/ionization. While the most widely recognized asset of SALDI-MS is the untargeted analysis of small molecules, this technique also offers the possibility of targeted approaches. In particular, the implementation of SALDI-MS imaging (SALDI-MSI), which is the focus of this review, opens up new opportunities. After a brief discussion of the nomenclature and the fundamental mechanisms associated with this technique, which are still highly controversial, the analytical strategies to perform SALDI-MSI are extensively discussed. Emphasis is placed on the sample preparation but also on the selection of the nanosubstrate (in terms of chemical composition and morphology) as well as its functionalization possibilities for the selective analysis of specific compounds in targeted approaches. Subsequently, some selected applications of SALDI-MSI in various fields (i.e., biomedical, biological, environmental, and forensic) are presented. The strengths and the remaining limitations of SALDI-MSI are finally summarized in the conclusion and some perspectives of this technique, which has a bright future, are proposed in this section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy H. Müller
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Alexandre Verdin
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Cedric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
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2
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Hasan MM, Eto F, Mamun MA, Sato S, Islam A, Waliullah ASM, Chi DH, Takahashi Y, Kahyo T, Naito Y, Kotani M, Ohmura T, Setou M. Desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane offers higher reproducibility than 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a widely used matrix in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9076. [PMID: 33651445 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE DIUTHAME (desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane), a recently developed matrix-free ionization-assisting substrate, was examined for reproducibility in terms of mass accuracy and intensity using standard lipid and mouse brain sections. The impregnation property of DIUTHAME significantly improved the reproducibility of mass accuracy and intensity compared with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB). METHODS Frozen tissue sections were mounted on indium tin oxide-coated glass slides. DIUTHAME and DHB were applied to individual sections. Subsequently, a solution of a phosphatidylcholine standard, PC(18:2/18:2), was poured onto the DIUTHAME and matrix. Finally, the samples were subjected to laser desorption ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The reproducibility was tested by calculating the mean ± standard deviation values of mass errors and intensities of individual ion species. RESULTS Analysis of the PC(18:2/18:2) standard showed significantly (p < 0.01) lower mass error for DIUTHAME-MS than for MALDI-MS. Endogenous PC(36:4) analysis in mouse brain section also showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower mass errors for DIUTHAME-MS. Furthermore, we investigated the mass error of some abundant lipid ions in brain sections and observed similar results. DIUTHAME-MS displayed lower signal intensity in standard PC analysis. Interestingly, it offered higher signal intensities for all the endogenous lipid ions. Lower fluctuations of both mass accuracies and signal intensities were observed in DIUTHAME-MS. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that DIUTHAME-MS offers higher reproducibility for mass accuracies and intensities than MALDI-MS in both standard lipid and mouse brain tissue analyses. It can potentially be used instead of conventional MALDI-MS and mass spectrometry imaging analyses to achieve highly reproducible data for mass accuracy and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Eto
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Md Al Mamun
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sato
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - A S M Waliullah
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Do Huu Chi
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Naito
- Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1 Kurematsu-cho, Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-1202, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kotani
- Hamamatsu Photonics KK, 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0193, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohmura
- Hamamatsu Photonics KK, 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0193, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Systems Molecular Anatomy, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
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3
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Dual-polarity SALDI FT-ICR MS imaging and Kendrick mass defect data filtering for lipid analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:2821-2830. [PMID: 33125540 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03020-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are biomolecules of crucial importance involved in critical biological functions. Yet, lipid content determination using mass spectrometry is still challenging due to their rich structural diversity. Preferential ionisation of the different lipid species in the positive or negative polarity is common, especially when using soft ionisation mass spectrometry techniques. Here, we demonstrate the potency of a dual-polarity approach using surface-assisted laser desorption/ionisation coupled to Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (SALDI FT-ICR) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) combined with Kendrick mass defect data filtering to (i) identify the lipids detected in both polarities from the same tissue section and (ii) show the complementarity of the dual-polarity data, both regarding the lipid coverage and the spatial distributions of the various lipids. For this purpose, we imaged the same mouse brain section in the positive and negative ionisation modes, on alternate pixels, in a SALDI FT-ICR MS imaging approach using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as dual-polarity nanosubstrates. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, the feasibility of (i) a dual-polarity SALDI-MSI approach on the same tissue section, (ii) using AuNPs as nanosubstrates combined with a FT-ICR mass analyser and (iii) the Kendrick mass defect data filtering applied to SALDI-MSI data. In particular, we show the complementarity in the lipids detected both in a given ionisation mode and in the two different ionisation modes. Graphical abstract.
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4
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Fahimirad S, Ajalloueian F, Ghorbanpour M. Synthesis and therapeutic potential of silver nanomaterials derived from plant extracts. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:260-278. [PMID: 30388544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted a great deal of attention in the recent years. It is mostly due to their availability, chemical stability, catalytic activity, conductivity, biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity and intrinsic therapeutic properties. There are three major approaches for AgNPs synthesis; i.e., chemical, physical, and biological methods. Today, many of chemical and physical methods have become less popular due to using hazardous chemicals or their high costs, respectively. The biological method has introduced an appropriate substitute synthesis strategy for the traditional physical and chemical approaches. The utilization of the plant extracts as reducing, stabilizing and coating agent of AgNPs is an interesting eco-friendly approach leading to high efficiency. The antimicrobial and anticancer synergistic effects among the AgNPs and phytochemicals will enhance their therapeutic potentials. Surprisingly, although many studies have demonstrated the significant enhancement in cytotoxic activities of plant-mediated AgNPs toward cancerous cells, these nanoparticles have been found nontoxic to normal human cells in their therapeutic concentrations. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the mechanism of plant-mediated AgNPs synthesis, their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Fahimirad
- Agriculture and Natural Resources Biotechnology Department, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-11167, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ajalloueian
- Nano-BioScience Research Group, DTU-Food, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, B 202, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Arak, Iran
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5
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Muller L, Baldwin K, Barbacci DC, Jackson SN, Roux A, Balaban CD, Brinson BE, McCully MI, Lewis EK, Schultz JA, Woods AS. Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Endogenous Lipids from Rat Brain Tissue Implanted with Silver Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1716-1728. [PMID: 28432654 PMCID: PMC8848835 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of tissue implanted with silver nanoparticulate (AgNP) matrix generates reproducible imaging of lipids in rodent models of disease and injury. Gas-phase production and acceleration of size-selected 8 nm AgNP is followed by controlled ion beam rastering and soft landing implantation of 500 eV AgNP into tissue. Focused 337 nm laser desorption produces high quality images for most lipid classes in rat brain tissue (in positive mode: galactoceramides, diacylglycerols, ceramides, phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl ester, and cholesterol, and in negative ion mode: phosphatidylethanolamides, sulfatides, phosphatidylinositol, and sphingomyelins). Image reproducibility in serial sections of brain tissue is achieved within <10% tolerance by selecting argentated instead of alkali cationized ions. The imaging of brain tissues spotted with pure standards was used to demonstrate that Ag cationized ceramide and diacylglycerol ions are from intact, endogenous species. In contrast, almost all Ag cationized fatty acid ions are a result of fragmentations of numerous lipid types having the fatty acid as a subunit. Almost no argentated intact fatty acid ions come from the pure fatty acid standard on tissue. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Muller
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aurélie Roux
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amina S Woods
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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6
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Mohammadi AS, Phan NTN, Fletcher JS, Ewing AG. Intact lipid imaging of mouse brain samples: MALDI, nanoparticle-laser desorption ionization, and 40 keV argon cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6857-68. [PMID: 27549796 PMCID: PMC5012256 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the capability of nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (NP-LDI MS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS, and gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry (GCIB SIMS) to provide maximum information available in lipid analysis and imaging of mouse brain tissue. The use of Au nanoparticles deposited as a matrix for NP-LDI MS is compared to MALDI and SIMS analysis of mouse brain tissue and allows selective detection and imaging of groups of lipid molecular ion species localizing in the white matter differently from those observed using conventional MALDI with improved imaging potential. We demonstrate that high-energy (40 keV) GCIB SIMS can act as a semi-soft ionization method to extend the useful mass range of SIMS imaging to analyze and image intact lipids in biological samples, closing the gap between conventional SIMS and MALDI techniques. The GCIB SIMS allowed the detection of more intact lipid compounds in the mouse brain compared to MALDI with regular organic matrices. The 40 keV GCIB SIMS also produced peaks observed in the NP-LDI analysis, and these peaks were strongly enhanced in intensity by exposure of the sample to trifluororacetic acid (TFA) vapor prior to analysis. These MS techniques for imaging of different types of lipids create a potential overlap and cross point that can enhance the information for imaging lipids in biological tissue sections. Schematic of mass spectral imaging of a mouse brain tissue using GCIB-SIMS and MALDI techniques ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeid Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.,National Center Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nhu T N Phan
- National Center Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John S Fletcher
- National Center Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,National Center Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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7
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Fernández R, Garate J, Lage S, Terés S, Higuera M, Bestard-Escalas J, Martin ML, López DH, Guardiola-Serrano F, Escribá PV, Barceló-Coblijn G, Fernández JA. Optimized Protocol To Analyze Changes in the Lipidome of Xenografts after Treatment with 2-Hydroxyoleic Acid. Anal Chem 2016; 88:1022-9. [PMID: 26607740 PMCID: PMC5017204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Xenografts are a popular model for the study of the action of new antitumor drugs. However, xenografts are highly heterogeneous structures, and therefore it is sometimes difficult to evaluate the effects of the compounds on tumor metabolism. In this context, imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) may yield the required information, due to its inherent characteristics of sensitivity and spatial resolution. To the best of our knowledge, there is still no clear analysis protocol to properly evaluate the changes between samples due to the treatment. Here we present a protocol for the evaluation of the effect of 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2-OHOA), an antitumor compound, on xenografts lipidome based on IMS. Direct treated/control comparison did not show conclusive results. As we will demonstrate, a more sophisticated protocol was required to evaluate these changes including the following: (1) identification of different areas in the xenograft, (2) classification of these areas (necrotic/viable) to compare similar types of tissues, (3) suppression of the effect of the variation of adduct formation between samples, and (4) normalization of the variables using the standard deviation to eliminate the excessive impact of the stronger peaks in the statistical analysis. In this way, the 36 lipid species that experienced the largest changes between treated and control were identified. Furthermore, incorporation of 2-hydroxyoleic acid to a sphinganine base was also confirmed by MS/MS. Comparison of the changes observed here with previous results obtained with different techniques demonstrates the validity of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fernández
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Jone Garate
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Sergio Lage
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Silvia Terés
- Unité de recherche Inserm 0916, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB)-INSERM, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Mónica Higuera
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Joan Bestard-Escalas
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d’Investigació Sanitária de Palma (IdISPa), Carretera Valldemossa 79, E-07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - M. Laura Martin
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 415 East 68th Street, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Daniel H. López
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d’Investigació Sanitária de Palma (IdISPa), Carretera Valldemossa 79, E-07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Francisca Guardiola-Serrano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Pablo V. Escribá
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Institut d’Investigació Sanitária de Palma (IdISPa), Carretera Valldemossa 79, E-07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - José A. Fernández
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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8
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Garate J, Fernández R, Lage S, Bestard-Escalas J, Lopez DH, Reigada R, Khorrami S, Ginard D, Reyes J, Amengual I, Barceló-Coblijn G, Fernández JA. Imaging mass spectrometry increased resolution using 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 2,5-diaminonaphtalene matrices: application to lipid distribution in human colon. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4697-708. [PMID: 25903024 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8673-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry is becoming a reference technique in the field of lipidomics, due to its ability to map the distribution of hundreds of species in a single run, along a tissue section. The next frontier is now achieving increasing resolution powers to offer cellular (or even sub-cellular) resolution. Thus, the new spectrometers are equipped with sophisticated optical systems to decrease the laser spot to <30 μm. Here, we demonstrate that by using the correct matrix (i.e., a matrix that maximizes ion detection and forms small crystals) and a careful preparation, it is possible to achieve resolutions of ∼5-10 μm, even with spectrometers equipped with non-optimal optics, which produces laser spots of 50 μm or even larger. As a proof of concept, we present images of distributions of lipids, both in positive and negative ion mode, over human colon endoscopic sections, recorded using 2-mercaptobenzothiazole for positive ion mode and 2,5-diaminonaphtalene for negative ion mode and an LTQ-Orbitrap XL, equipped with a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) source that produces astigmatic laser spots. Graphical Abstract Imaging mass spectrometry is becoming an invaluable technique to complement traditional histology, but still higher resolutions are required. Here we deal with such issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Garate
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
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9
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Roux A, Muller L, Jackson SN, Baldwin K, Womack V, Pagiazitis JG, O’Rourke JR, Thanos PK, Balaban C, Schultz JA, Volkow ND, Woods AS. Chronic ethanol consumption profoundly alters regional brain ceramide and sphingomyelin content in rodents. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:247-59. [PMID: 25387107 PMCID: PMC4372063 DOI: 10.1021/cn500174c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Ceramides
(CER) are involved in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation.
In a mouse model of chronic alcohol exposure, 16 CER and 18 sphingomyelin
(SM) concentrations from whole brain lipid extracts were measured
using electrospray mass spectrometry. All 18 CER concentrations in
alcohol exposed adults increased significantly (range: 25–607%);
in juveniles, 6 CER decreased (range: −9 to −37%). In
contrast, only three SM decreased in adult and one increased significantly
in juvenile. Next, regional identification at 50 μm spatial
resolution from coronal sections was obtained with matrix implanted
laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MILDI-MSI)
by implanting silver nanoparticulate matrices followed by focused
laser desorption. Most of the CER and SM quantified in whole brain
extracts were detected in MILDI images. Coronal sections from three
brain levels show qualitative regional changes in CER-SM ion intensities,
as a function of group and brain region, in cortex, striatum, accumbens,
habenula, and hippocampus. Highly correlated changes in certain white
matter CER-SM pairs occur in regions across all groups, including
the hippocampus and the lateral (but not medial) cerebellar cortex
of adult mice. Our data provide the first microscale MS evidence of
regional lipid intensity variations induced by alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Roux
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Ludovic Muller
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Shelley N. Jackson
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Katherine Baldwin
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Virginia Womack
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John G. Pagiazitis
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11790, United States
| | - Joseph R. O’Rourke
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11790, United States
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11790, United States
| | - Carey Balaban
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | | | - Nora D. Volkow
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Amina S. Woods
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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10
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Barnes L, Schindler B, Allouche AR, Simon D, Chambert S, Oomens J, Compagnon I. Anharmonic simulations of the vibrational spectrum of sulfated compounds: application to the glycosaminoglycan fragment glucosamine 6-sulfate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25705-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02079d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anharmonic behavior of sulfated glucosamine resolved by hybrid GVPT2 approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Barnes
- Université de Lyon
- Lyon
- France
- Université Lyon 1
- Villeurbanne
| | | | | | - Daniel Simon
- Université de Lyon
- Lyon
- France
- Université Lyon 1
- Villeurbanne
| | | | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- FELIX Laboratory
- 6525ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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11
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Gao H, Niu W, Hong Y, Xu B, Shen C, Huang C, Jiang H, Chu Y. Negative photoionization chloride ion attachment ion mobility spectrometry for the detection of organic acids. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10763b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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12
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Jackson SN, Baldwin K, Muller L, Womack VM, Schultz JA, Balaban C, Woods AS. Imaging of lipids in rat heart by MALDI-MS with silver nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1377-86. [PMID: 24309627 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are a major component of heart tissue and perform several important functions such as energy storage, signaling, and as building blocks of biological membranes. The heart lipidome is quite diverse consisting of glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), phosphatidylinositols (PIs), phosphatidylglycerols (PGs), cardiolipins (CLs), and glycerolipids, mainly triacylglycerols (TAGs). In this study, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enabled by matrix implantation of ionized silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was used to map several classes of lipids in heart tissue. The use of AgNP matrix implantation was motivated by our previous work showing that implantation doses of only 10(14)/cm(2) of 2 nm gold nanoparticulates into the first 10 nm of the near surface of the tissue enabled detection of most brain lipids (including neutral lipid species such as cerebrosides) more efficiently than traditional organic MALDI matrices. Herein, a similar implantation of 500 eV AgNP(-) across the entire heart tissue section results in a quick, reproducible, solvent-free, uniform matrix concentration of 6 nm AgNP residing near the tissue surface. MALDI-MSI analysis of either positive or negative ions produce high-quality images of several heart lipid species. In negative ion mode, 24 lipid species [16 PEs, 4 PIs, 1 PG, 1 CL, 2 sphingomyelins (SMs)] were imaged. Positive ion images were also obtained from 29 lipid species (10 PCs, 5 PEs, 5 SMs, 9 TAGs) with the TAG species being heavily concentrated in vascular regions of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley N Jackson
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Room 1120, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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13
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Jungmann JH, Heeren RMA. Emerging technologies in mass spectrometry imaging. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5077-5092. [PMID: 22469858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) as an analytical tool for bio-molecular and bio-medical research targets accurate compound localization and identification. In terms of dedicated instrumentation, this translates into the demand for more detail in the image dimension (spatial resolution) and in the spectral dimension (mass resolution and accuracy), preferably combined in one instrument. At the same time, large area biological tissue samples require fast acquisition schemes, instrument automation and a robust data infrastructure. This review discusses the analytical capabilities of an "ideal" MSI instrument for bio-molecular and bio-medical molecular imaging. The analytical attributes of such an ideal system are contrasted with technological and methodological challenges in MSI. In particular, innovative instrumentation for high spatial resolution imaging in combination with high sample throughput is discussed. Detector technology that targets various shortcomings of conventional imaging detector systems is highlighted. The benefits of accurate mass analysis, high mass resolving power, additional separation strategies and multimodal three-dimensional data reconstruction algorithms are discussed to provide the reader with an insight in the current technological advances and the potential of MSI for bio-medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia H Jungmann
- FOM-Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- FOM-Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Fernandez-Lima FA, Post J, DeBord JD, Eller MJ, Verkhoturov SV, Della-Negra S, Woods AS, Schweikert EA. Analysis of native biological surfaces using a 100 kV massive gold cluster source. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8448-53. [PMID: 21967684 PMCID: PMC3236644 DOI: 10.1021/ac201481r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the advantages of a new, 100 kV platform equipped with a massive gold cluster source for the analysis of native biological surfaces are shown. Inspection of the molecular ion emission as a function of projectile size demonstrates a secondary ion yield increase of ~100× for 520 keV Au(400)(4+) as compared to 130 keV Au(3)(1+) and 43 keV C(60). In particular, yields of tens of percent of molecular ions per projectile impact for the most abundant components can be observed with the 520 keV Au(400)(4+) probe. A comparison between 520 keV Au(400)(4+) time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) data showed a similar pattern and similar relative intensities of lipid components across a rat brain sagittal section. The abundant secondary ion yield of analyte-specific ions makes 520 keV Au(400)(4+) projectiles an attractive probe for submicrometer molecular mapping of native surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Post
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - John D. DeBord
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - Michael J. Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | | | | | - Amina S. Woods
- Structural Biology Unit, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Emile A. Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
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15
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Gold nanomaterials as a new tool for bioanalytical applications of laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:601-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Adamov A, Sysoev AA, Grigoras K, Laakia J, Kotiaho T. Letter: A simple ion source set-up for desorption/ionization on silicon with ion mobility spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2011; 17:593-597. [PMID: 22274949 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using a simple ion source set-up, laser desorption/ionization on silicon (DIOS) was demonstrated with the use of a custom-made drift tube ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), mounted on a commercial triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and with an IMS equipped with a Faraday plate detector. DIOS was tested by mobility measurement of tetrapropylammonium iodide, tetrabutylammonium iodide and tetrapentylammonium iodide, whilst 2,6-di-tert- butylpyridine was used as a standard. The reduced mobilities measured for the test halides are in concordance with previously obtained ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Adamov
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki Finland.
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17
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18
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Stauber J, MacAleese L, Franck J, Claude E, Snel M, Kaletas BK, Wiel IMVD, Wisztorski M, Fournier I, Heeren RMA. On-tissue protein identification and imaging by MALDI-ion mobility mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:338-47. [PMID: 19926301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) has become a powerful tool for the detection and localization of drugs, proteins, and lipids on-tissue. Nevertheless, this approach can only perform identification of low mass molecules as lipids, pharmaceuticals, and peptides. In this article, a combination of approaches for the detection and imaging of proteins and their identification directly on-tissue is described after tryptic digestion. Enzymatic digestion protocols for different kinds of tissues--formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) and frozen tissues--are combined with MALDI-ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS). This combination enables localization and identification of proteins via their related digested peptides. In a number of cases, ion mobility separates isobaric ions that cannot be identified by conventional MALDI time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. The amount of detected peaks per measurement increases (versus conventional MALDI-TOF), which enables mass and time selected ion images and the identification of separated ions. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of direct proteins identification by ion-mobility-TOF IMS from tissue. The tissue digestion combined with MALDI-IM-TOF-IMS approach allows a proteomics "bottom-up" strategy with different kinds of tissue samples, especially FFPE tissues conserved for a long time in hospital sample banks. The combination of IM with IMS marks the development of IMS approaches as real proteomic tools, which brings new perspectives to biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Stauber
- FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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The application and potential of ion mobility mass spectrometry in imaging MS with a focus on lipids. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 656:99-111. [PMID: 20680586 PMCID: PMC2953758 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-746-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tissue profiling and imaging by MALDI mass spectrometry has allowed the direct analysis and localization of biomolecules in tissue. However, due to the in situ nature of this technique, the complexity of tissue, and the need for a chemical matrix in MALDI, the signal recorded can be extremely complex and difficult to assign. Combining ion mobility with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization is a very powerful technique for fast separation and analysis of biomolecules in complex mixtures (such as tissue and cells), as isobaric lipid, peptide, and oligonucleotide molecular ions are pre-separated in the mobility cell before mass analysis. Differences in drift time of as much as 30% are obtained in a timescale of hundreds of microseconds. Molecular ions of the same biochemical family fall along trend lines when plotted in 2D plots of mobility drift time as a function of m/z. In this chapter ion mobility MALDI-MS ability to analyze various biomolecules in tissue, that is, lipids and proteins, as well as its ability to separate species from all of the major phospholipid classes from tissue and extracts, the effects that radyl chain length, degree of unsaturation, head group composition have upon their ion's cross section in the gas phase, and how it can be used not only to distinguish them from other biochemical groups in a mixture but also to differentiate them from other lipid species will be illustrated.
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20
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Zhu ZJ, Rotello VM, Vachet RW. Engineered nanoparticle surfaces for improved mass spectrometric analyses. Analyst 2009; 134:2183-8. [PMID: 19838403 DOI: 10.1039/b910428c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of nanoparticle surface functionality provides controlled interactions with biomolecules such as cell membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Concurrently, this surface chemistry control also opens up new avenues for improving mass spectral analyses. In this Minireview, we highlight some of the emerging work that integrates surface-engineered nanoparticles with mass spectrometry to improve the analysis of a wide variety of chemical and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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21
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Jackson SN, Woods AS. Direct profiling of tissue lipids by MALDI-TOFMS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2822-9. [PMID: 19095508 PMCID: PMC2945280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) have allowed for the direct analysis of biological molecules from tissue. Although most of the early studies of direct tissue profiling by MALDI-TOFMS have focused on proteins and peptides, analysis of lipids has increased dramatically in recent years. This review gives an overview of the factors to consider when analyzing lipids directly from tissue and some recent examples of the use of MALDI-TOFMS for the direct profiling of lipids in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amina S. Woods
- NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
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22
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Heeren RMA, Smith DF, Stauber J, Kükrer-Kaletas B, MacAleese L. Imaging mass spectrometry: hype or hope? JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:1006-14. [PMID: 19318278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry is currently receiving a significant amount of attention in the mass spectrometric community. It offers the potential of direct examination of biomolecular patterns from cells and tissue. This makes it a seemingly ideal tool for biomedical diagnostics and molecular histology. It is able to generate beautiful molecular images from a large variety of surfaces, ranging from cancer tissue sections to polished cross sections from old-master paintings. What are the parameters that define and control the implications, challenges, opportunities, and (im)possibilities associated with the application of imaging MS to biomedical tissue studies. Is this just another technological hype or does it really offer the hope to gain new insights in molecular processes in living tissue? In this critical insight this question is addressed through the discussion of a number of aspects of MS imaging technology and sample preparation that strongly determine the outcome of imaging MS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron M A Heeren
- FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Abstract
Traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry (TW IMS) is a new IMS method implemented in the Synapt IMS/mass spectrometry system (Waters). Despite its wide adoption, the foundations of TW IMS were only qualitatively understood and factors governing the ion transit time (the separation parameter) and resolution remained murky. Here we develop the theory of TW IMS using derivations and ion dynamics simulations. The key parameter is the ratio (c) of ion drift velocity at the steepest wave slope to wave speed. At low c, the ion transit velocity is proportional to the squares of mobility (K) and electric field intensity (E), as opposed to linear scaling in drift tube (DT) IMS and differential mobility analyzers. At higher c, the scaling deviates from quadratic in a way controlled by the waveform profile, becoming more gradual with the ideal triangular profile but first steeper and then more gradual for realistic profiles with variable E. At highest c, the transit velocity asymptotically approaches the wave speed. Unlike with DT IMS, the resolving power of TW IMS depends on mobility, scaling as K(1/2) in the low-c limit and less at higher c. A nonlinear dependence of the transit time on mobility means that the true resolving power of TW IMS differs from that indicated by the spectrum. A near-optimum resolution is achievable over an approximately 300-400% range of mobilities. The major predicted trends are in agreement with TW IMS measurements for peptide ions as a function of mobility, wave amplitude, and gas pressure. The issues of proper TW IMS calibration and ion distortion by field heating are also discussed. The new quantitative understanding of TW IMS separations allows rational optimization of instrument design and operation and improved spectral calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A Shvartsburg
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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24
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Luykx DMAM, Peters RJB, van Ruth SM, Bouwmeester H. A review of analytical methods for the identification and characterization of nano delivery systems in food. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:8231-8247. [PMID: 18759445 DOI: 10.1021/jf8013926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Detection and characterization of nano delivery systems is an essential part of understanding the benefits as well as the potential toxicity of these systems in food. This review gives a detailed description of food nano delivery systems based on lipids, proteins, and/or polysaccharides and investigates the current analytical techniques that can be used for the identification and characterization of these delivery systems in food products. The analytical approaches have been subdivided into three groups; separation techniques, imaging techniques, and characterization techniques. The principles of the techniques together with their advantages and drawbacks, and reported applications concerning nano delivery systems, or otherwise related compounds are discussed. The review shows that for a sufficient characterization, the nano delivery systems need to be separated from the food matrix, for which high-performance liquid chromatography or field flow fractionation are the most promising techniques. Subsequently, online photon correlation spectroscopy and mass spectrometry seem to be a convenient combination of techniques to characterize a wide variety of nano delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dion M A M Luykx
- Institute of Food Safety, RIKILT, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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25
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26
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Kanu AB, Dwivedi P, Tam M, Matz L, Hill HH. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2008; 43:1-22. [PMID: 18200615 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 752] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This review article compares and contrasts various types of ion mobility-mass spectrometers available today and describes their advantages for application to a wide range of analytes. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), when coupled with mass spectrometry, offers value-added data not possible from mass spectra alone. Separation of isomers, isobars, and conformers; reduction of chemical noise; and measurement of ion size are possible with the addition of ion mobility cells to mass spectrometers. In addition, structurally similar ions and ions of the same charge state can be separated into families of ions which appear along a unique mass-mobility correlation line. This review describes the four methods of ion mobility separation currently used with mass spectrometry. They are (1) drift-time ion mobility spectrometry (DTIMS), (2) aspiration ion mobility spectrometry (AIMS), (3) differential-mobility spectrometry (DMS) which is also called field-asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and (4) traveling-wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS). DTIMS provides the highest IMS resolving power and is the only IMS method which can directly measure collision cross-sections. AIMS is a low resolution mobility separation method but can monitor ions in a continuous manner. DMS and FAIMS offer continuous-ion monitoring capability as well as orthogonal ion mobility separation in which high-separation selectivity can be achieved. TWIMS is a novel method of IMS with a low resolving power but has good sensitivity and is well intergrated into a commercial mass spectrometer. One hundred and sixty references on ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IMMS) are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu B Kanu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4630, USA
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27
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Shvartsburg AA, Smith RD. Scaling of the resolving power and sensitivity for planar FAIMS and mobility-based discrimination in flow- and field-driven analyzers. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2007; 18:1672-81. [PMID: 17723907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2007.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Revised: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Continuing development of the technology and applications of field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) calls for better understanding of its limitations and factors that govern them. While key performance metrics such as resolution and ion transmission have been calculated for specific cases employing numerical simulations, the underlying physical trends remained obscure. Here we determine that the resolving power of planar FAIMS scales as the square root of separation time and sensitivity drops exponentially at the rate controlled by absolute ion mobility and several instrument parameters. A strong dependence of ion transmission on mobility severely discriminates against species with higher mobility, presenting particular problems for analyses of complex mixtures. While the time evolution of resolution and sensitivity is virtually identical in existing FAIMS systems using gas flow and proposed devices driven by electric field, the distributions of separation times are not. The inverse correlation between mobility (and thus diffusion speed) and residence time for ions in field-driven FAIMS greatly reduces the mobility-based discrimination and provides much more uniform separations. Under typical operating conditions, the spread of elimination rates for commonly analyzed ions is reduced from >5 times in flow-driven to 1.6 times in field-driven FAIMS while the difference in resolving power decreases from approximately 60% to approximately 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A Shvartsburg
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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28
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Jackson SN, Ugarov M, Egan T, Post JD, Langlais D, Schultz JA, Woods AS. MALDI-ion mobility-TOFMS imaging of lipids in rat brain tissue. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:1093-8. [PMID: 17621389 PMCID: PMC2953759 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
While maintaining anatomical integrity, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has allowed researchers to directly probe tissue, map the distribution of analytes and elucidate molecular structure with minimal preparation. MALDI-ion mobility (IM)-orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry (oTOFMS) provides an advantage by initially separating different classes of biomolecules such as lipids, peptides, and nucleotides by their IM drift times prior to mass analysis. In the present work the distribution of phosphatidlycholine and cerebroside species was mapped from 16 microm thick coronal rat brain sections using MALDI-IM-oTOFMS. Furthermore, the use of gold nanoparticles as a matrix enables detection of cerebrosides, which although highly concentrated in brain tissue, are not easily observed as positive ions because of intense signals from lipids such as phosphatidlycholines and sphingomyelins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amina S. Woods
- NIDA IRP, NIH Baltimore MD, USA
- Correspondence to: Amina S. Woods, NIDA IRP, NIH, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry combines the chemical specificity and parallel detection of mass spectrometry with microscopic imaging capabilities. The ability to simultaneously obtain images from all analytes detected, from atomic to macromolecular ions, allows the analyst to probe the chemical organization of a sample and to correlate this with physical features. The sensitivity of the ionization step, sample preparation, the spatial resolution, and the speed of the technique are all important parameters that affect the type of information obtained. Recently, significant progress has been made in each of these steps for both secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging of biological samples. Examples demonstrating localization of proteins in tumors, a reduction of lamellar phospholipids in the region binding two single celled organisms, and sub-cellular distributions of several biomolecules have all contributed to an increasing upsurge in interest in imaging mass spectrometry. Here we review many of the instrumental developments and methodological approaches responsible for this increased interest, compare and contrast the information provided by SIMS and MALDI imaging, and discuss future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam A McDonnell
- FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Lemaire R, Wisztorski M, Desmons A, Tabet JC, Day R, Salzet M, Fournier I. MALDI-MS direct tissue analysis of proteins: Improving signal sensitivity using organic treatments. Anal Chem 2007; 78:7145-53. [PMID: 17037914 DOI: 10.1021/ac060565z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Direct tissue analysis using MALDI-MS allows the generation of profiles while maintaining the integrity of the tissue, displaying cellular localizations and avoiding tedious extraction and purification steps. However, lower spectral quality can result from direct tissue analysis due to variations in section thickness, the nature of the tissue, and the limited access to peptides/proteins due to high lipid content. To improve signal sensitivity, we have developed a tissue-washing procedure using organic solvents traditionally used for lipid extraction, i.e., CHCl3, hexane, toluene, acetone, and xylene. The increased detection for peptides/proteins (m/z 5000-30,000) is close to 40% with chloroform or xylene, and 25% with hexane, while also improving sample reproducibility for each solvent used in the present study. This strategy improved matrix cocrystallization with tissue peptides/proteins and more importantly with cytoplasmic proteins without delocalization. The extracted lipids were characterized by nanoESI-QqTOF/MS/MS using the precursor ion mode, lithium adducts, or both and were identified as phospholipids including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylinositol, confirming membrane lipid extraction from the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lemaire
- Laboratoire de Neuroimmunologie des Annélides, FRE CNRS 2933, Bât SN3, 1 étage, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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31
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Woods AS, Ugarov M, Jackson SN, Egan T, Wang HYJ, Murray KK, Schultz JA. IR-MALDI-LDI combined with ion mobility orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2006; 5:1484-7. [PMID: 16740000 PMCID: PMC2953763 DOI: 10.1021/pr060055l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Most MALDI instrumentation uses UV lasers. We have designed a MALDI-IM-oTOF-MS which employs both a Nd:YAG laser pumped optical parametric oscillator (OPOTEK, lambda = 2.8-3.2 microm at 20 Hz) to perform IR-LDI or IR-MALDI and a Nd:YLF laser (Crystalaser, lambda = 249 nm at 200 Hz) for the UV. Ion mobility (IM) gives a fast separation and analysis of biomolecules from complex mixtures in which ions of similar chemical type fall along well-defined "trend lines". Our data shows that ion mobility allows multiply charged monomers and multimers to be resolved; thus, yielding pure spectra of the singly charged protein ion which are virtually devoid of chemical noise. In addition, we have demonstrated that IR-LDI produced similar results as IR-MALDI for the direct tissue analysis of phospholipids from rat brain.
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32
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Shvartsburg AA, Mashkevich SV, Smith RD. Feasibility of higher-order differential ion mobility separations using new asymmetric waveforms. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:2663-73. [PMID: 16494377 PMCID: PMC3173260 DOI: 10.1021/jp055349t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Technologies for separating and characterizing ions based on their transport properties in gases have been around for three decades. The early method of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) distinguished ions by absolute mobility that depends on the collision cross section with buffer gas atoms. The more recent technique of field asymmetric waveform IMS (FAIMS) measures the difference between mobilities at high and low electric fields. Coupling IMS and FAIMS to soft ionization sources and mass spectrometry (MS) has greatly expanded their utility, enabling new applications in biomedical and nanomaterials research. Here, we show that time-dependent electric fields comprising more than two intensity levels could, in principle, effect an infinite number of distinct differential separations based on the higher-order terms of expression for ion mobility. These analyses could employ the hardware and operational procedures similar to those utilized in FAIMS. Methods up to the 4th or 5th order (where conventional IMS is 1st order and FAIMS is 2nd order) should be practical at field intensities accessible in ambient air, with still higher orders potentially achievable in insulating gases. Available experimental data suggest that higher-order separations should be largely orthogonal to each other and to FAIMS, IMS, and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A Shvartsburg
- Biological Sciences Division, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-98, 3335 Q Avenue, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2005; 40:1390-401. [PMID: 16237664 DOI: 10.1002/jms.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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Current Awareness on Comparative and Functional Genomics. Comp Funct Genomics 2005. [PMCID: PMC2447491 DOI: 10.1002/cfg.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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