1
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Kusebauch U, Lorenzetti APR, Campbell DS, Pan M, Shteynberg D, Kapil C, Midha MK, López García de Lomana A, Baliga NS, Moritz RL. A comprehensive spectral assay library to quantify the Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 proteome by DIA/SWATH-MS. Sci Data 2023; 10:697. [PMID: 37833331 PMCID: PMC10575869 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) is a mass spectrometry-based method to reliably identify and reproducibly quantify large fractions of a target proteome. The peptide-centric data analysis strategy employed in DIA requires a priori generated spectral assay libraries. Such assay libraries allow to extract quantitative data in a targeted approach and have been generated for human, mouse, zebrafish, E. coli and few other organisms. However, a spectral assay library for the extreme halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1, a model organism that contributed to several notable discoveries, is not publicly available yet. Here, we report a comprehensive spectral assay library to measure 2,563 of 2,646 annotated H. salinarum NRC-1 proteins. We demonstrate the utility of this library by measuring global protein abundances over time under standard growth conditions. The H. salinarum NRC-1 library includes 21,074 distinct peptides representing 97% of the predicted proteome and provides a new, valuable resource to confidently measure and quantify any protein of this archaeon. Data and spectral assay libraries are available via ProteomeXchange (PXD042770, PXD042774) and SWATHAtlas (SAL00312-SAL00319).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kusebauch
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | | | - David S Campbell
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Min Pan
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David Shteynberg
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Charu Kapil
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Mukul K Midha
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adrián López García de Lomana
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Nitin S Baliga
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Departments of Biology and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert L Moritz
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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2
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Lorenzetti APR, Kusebauch U, Zaramela LS, Wu WJ, de Almeida JPP, Turkarslan S, L. G. de Lomana A, Gomes-Filho JV, Vêncio RZN, Moritz RL, Koide T, Baliga NS. A Genome-Scale Atlas Reveals Complex Interplay of Transcription and Translation in an Archaeon. mSystems 2023; 8:e0081622. [PMID: 36912639 PMCID: PMC10134880 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00816-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The scale of post-transcriptional regulation and the implications of its interplay with other forms of regulation in environmental acclimation are underexplored for organisms of the domain Archaea. Here, we have investigated the scale of post-transcriptional regulation in the extremely halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 by integrating the transcriptome-wide locations of transcript processing sites (TPSs) and SmAP1 binding, the genome-wide locations of antisense RNAs (asRNAs), and the consequences of RNase_2099C knockout on the differential expression of all genes. This integrated analysis has discovered that 54% of all protein-coding genes in the genome of this haloarchaeon are likely targeted by multiple mechanisms for putative post-transcriptional processing and regulation, with about 20% of genes likely being regulated by combinatorial schemes involving SmAP1, asRNAs, and RNase_2099C. Comparative analysis of mRNA levels (transcriptome sequencing [RNA-Seq]) and protein levels (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry [SWATH-MS]) for 2,579 genes over four phases of batch culture growth in complex medium generated additional evidence for the conditional post-transcriptional regulation of 7% of all protein-coding genes. We demonstrate that post-transcriptional regulation may act to fine-tune specialized and rapid acclimation to stressful environments, e.g., as a switch to turn on gas vesicle biogenesis to promote vertical relocation under anoxic conditions and modulate the frequency of transposition by insertion sequence (IS) elements of the IS200/IS605, IS4, and ISH3 families. Findings from this study are provided as an atlas in a public Web resource (https://halodata.systemsbiology.net). IMPORTANCE While the transcriptional regulation landscape of archaea has been extensively investigated, we currently have limited knowledge about post-transcriptional regulation and its driving mechanisms in this domain of life. In this study, we collected and integrated omics data from multiple sources and technologies to infer post-transcriptionally regulated genes and the putative mechanisms modulating their expression at the protein level in Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1. The results suggest that post-transcriptional regulation may drive environmental acclimation by regulating hallmark biological processes. To foster discoveries by other research groups interested in the topic, we extended our integrated data to the public in the form of an interactive atlas (https://halodata.systemsbiology.net).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P. R. Lorenzetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Lívia S. Zaramela
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Wei-Ju Wu
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - João P. P. de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - José V. Gomes-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Z. N. Vêncio
- Department of Computation and Mathematics, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Tie Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Nitin S. Baliga
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
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3
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Onga EA, Vêncio RZN, Koide T. Low Salt Influences Archaellum-Based Motility, Glycerol Metabolism, and Gas Vesicles Biogenesis in Halobacterium salinarum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2442. [PMID: 36557695 PMCID: PMC9786353 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 is an extremophile that grows optimally at 4.3 M NaCl concentration. In spite of being an established model microorganism for the archaea domain, direct comparisons between its proteome and transcriptome during osmotic stress are still not available. Through RNA-seq-based transcriptomics, we compared a low salt (2.6 M NaCl) stress condition with 4.3 M of NaCl and found 283 differentially expressed loci. The more commonly found classes of genes were: ABC-type transporters and transcription factors. Similarities, and most importantly, differences between our findings and previously published datasets in similar experimental conditions are discussed. We validated three important biological processes differentially expressed: gas vesicles production (due to down-regulation of gvpA1b, gvpC1b, gvpN1b, and gvpO1b); archaellum formation (due to down-regulation of arlI, arlB1, arlB2, and arlB3); and glycerol metabolism (due to up-regulation of glpA1, glpB, and glpC). Direct comparison between transcriptomics and proteomics showed 58% agreement between mRNA and protein level changes, pointing to post-transcriptional regulation candidates. From those genes, we highlight rpl15e, encoding for the 50S ribosomal protein L15e, for which we hypothesize an ionic strength-dependent conformational change that guides post-transcriptional processing of its mRNA and, thus, possible salt-dependent regulation of the translation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Ayumi Onga
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Z. N. Vêncio
- Department of Computation and Mathematics, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Tie Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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4
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Yunus IS, Lee TS. Applications of targeted proteomics in metabolic engineering: advances and opportunities. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 75:102709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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5
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Quantitative Mass Spectrometry by SILAC in Haloferax volcanii. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2522:255-266. [PMID: 36125755 PMCID: PMC9926160 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2445-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics methods has been critical in providing new insight about cellular processes and adaptations in all domains of life. While traditional MS-based methods are not inherently quantitative, technologies are now available to overcome this limitation. Of note, stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) is reported as a reliable tool to label proteomes for quantitative MS-based proteomics that is accurate and flexible for multiplexing. The isotopically labeled lysine and arginine are easily incorporated into the proteome of cells auxotrophic for these amino acids. Microorganisms of the domain Archaea provide a fascinating alternative to understanding cellular adaptations and responses to environmental stresses. However, the availability of preferred SILAC-based quantitative analyses is limited. This protocol describes the use of SILAC to quantitatively analyze the proteome of Haloferax volcanii, a mesophilic halophilic archaeon that is easy to grow and requires no special equipment to maintain.
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6
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Reales-Calderón JA, Sun Z, Mascaraque V, Pérez-Navarro E, Vialás V, Deutsch EW, Moritz RL, Gil C, Martínez JL, Molero G. A wide-ranging Pseudomonas aeruginosa PeptideAtlas build: A useful proteomic resource for a versatile pathogen. J Proteomics 2021; 239:104192. [PMID: 33757883 PMCID: PMC8668395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic human pathogen with high prevalence in nosocomial infections. This microorganism is a good model for understanding biological processes such as the quorum-sensing response, the metabolic integration of virulence, the mechanisms of global regulation of bacterial physiology, and the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Till now, P. aeruginosa proteomic data, although available in several on-line repositories, were dispersed and difficult to access. In the present work, proteomes of the PAO1 strain grown under different conditions and from diverse cellular compartments have been joined to build the Pseudomonas PeptideAtlas. This resource is a comprehensive mass spectrometry-derived peptide and inferred protein database with 71.3% coverage of the total predicted proteome of P. aeruginosa PAO1, the highest coverage among bacterial PeptideAtlas datasets. The proteins included cover 89% of metabolic proteins, 72% of proteins involved in genetic information processing, 83% of proteins responsible for environmental information processing, more than 88% of the ones related to quorum sensing and biofilm formation, and 89% of proteins responsible for antimicrobial resistance. It exemplifies a necessary tool for targeted proteomics studies, system-wide observations, and cross-species observational studies. The manuscript describes the building of the PeptideAtlas and the contribution of the different proteomic data used. SIGNIFICANCE: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the most versatile human bacterial pathogens. Studies of its proteome are very important as they can reveal virulence factors and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. The construction of a proteomic resource such as the PeptideAtlas enables targeted proteomics studies, system-wide observations, and cross-species observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Reales-Calderón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - Z Sun
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - V Mascaraque
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - E Pérez-Navarro
- Unidad de Proteómica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - V Vialás
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - E W Deutsch
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R L Moritz
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Proteómica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Martínez
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Molero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
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7
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The Archaeal Proteome Project advances knowledge about archaeal cell biology through comprehensive proteomics. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3145. [PMID: 32561711 PMCID: PMC7305310 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
While many aspects of archaeal cell biology remain relatively unexplored, systems biology approaches like mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics offer an opportunity for rapid advances. Unfortunately, the enormous amount of MS data generated often remains incompletely analyzed due to a lack of sophisticated bioinformatic tools and field-specific biological expertise for data interpretation. Here we present the initiation of the Archaeal Proteome Project (ArcPP), a community-based effort to comprehensively analyze archaeal proteomes. Starting with the model archaeon Haloferax volcanii, we reanalyze MS datasets from various strains and culture conditions. Optimized peptide spectrum matching, with strict control of false discovery rates, facilitates identifying > 72% of the reference proteome, with a median protein sequence coverage of 51%. These analyses, together with expert knowledge in diverse aspects of cell biology, provide meaningful insights into processes such as N-terminal protein maturation, N-glycosylation, and metabolism. Altogether, ArcPP serves as an invaluable blueprint for comprehensive prokaryotic proteomics.
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8
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Jevtić Ž, Stoll B, Pfeiffer F, Sharma K, Urlaub H, Marchfelder A, Lenz C. The Response of Haloferax volcanii to Salt and Temperature Stress: A Proteome Study by Label-Free Mass Spectrometry. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800491. [PMID: 31502396 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In-depth proteome analysis of the haloarchaeal model organism Haloferax volcanii has been performed under standard, low/high salt, and low/high temperature conditions using label-free mass spectrometry. Qualitative analysis of protein identification data from high-pH/reversed-phase fractionated samples indicates 61.1% proteome coverage (2509 proteins), which is close to the maximum recorded values in archaea. Identified proteins match to the predicted proteome in their physicochemical properties, with only a small bias against low-molecular-weight and membrane-associated proteins. Cells grown under low and high salt stress as well as low and high temperature stress are quantitatively compared to standard cultures by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS). A total of 2244 proteins, or 54.7% of the predicted proteome, are quantified across all conditions at high reproducibility, which allowed for global analysis of protein expression changes under these stresses. Of these, 2034 are significantly regulated under at least one stress condition. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis shows that several major cellular pathways are part of H. volcanii's universal stress response. In addition, specific pathways (purine, cobalamin, and tryptophan) are affected by temperature stress. The most strongly downregulated proteins under all stress conditions, zinc finger protein HVO_2753 and ribosomal protein S14, are found oppositely regulated to their immediate genetic neighbors from the same operon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živojin Jevtić
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | | | - Friedhelm Pfeiffer
- Computational Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Kundan Sharma
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | | | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
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9
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Ten-Caten F, Vêncio RZN, Lorenzetti APR, Zaramela LS, Santana AC, Koide T. Internal RNAs overlapping coding sequences can drive the production of alternative proteins in archaea. RNA Biol 2018; 15:1119-1132. [PMID: 30175688 PMCID: PMC6161675 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1509661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokaryotic genomes show a high level of information compaction often with different molecules transcribed from the same locus. Although antisense RNAs have been relatively well studied, RNAs in the same strand, internal RNAs (intraRNAs), are still poorly understood. The question of how common is the translation of overlapping reading frames remains open. We address this question in the model archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. In the present work we used differential RNA-seq (dRNA-seq) in H. salinarum NRC-1 to locate intraRNA signals in subsets of internal transcription start sites (iTSS) and establish the open reading frames associated to them (intraORFs). Using C-terminally flagged proteins, we experimentally observed isoforms accurately predicted by intraRNA translation for kef1, acs3 and orc4 genes. We also recovered from the literature and mass spectrometry databases several instances of protein isoforms consistent with intraRNA translation such as the gas vesicle protein gene gvpC1. We found evidence for intraRNAs in horizontally transferred genes such as the chaperone dnaK and the aerobic respiration related cydA in both H. salinarum and Escherichia coli. Also, intraRNA translation evidence in H. salinarum, E. coli and yeast of a universal elongation factor (aEF-2, fusA and eEF-2) suggests that this is an ancient phenomenon present in all domains of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ten-Caten
- a Department of Biochemistry and Immunology , Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Z N Vêncio
- b Department of Computation and Mathematics, Faculdade de Filosofia , Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Alan Péricles R Lorenzetti
- a Department of Biochemistry and Immunology , Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Livia Soares Zaramela
- a Department of Biochemistry and Immunology , Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Santana
- c Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents , Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Tie Koide
- a Department of Biochemistry and Immunology , Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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10
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Martinez-Pastor M, Tonner PD, Darnell CL, Schmid AK. Transcriptional Regulation in Archaea: From Individual Genes to Global Regulatory Networks. Annu Rev Genet 2018; 51:143-170. [PMID: 29178818 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120116-023413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Archaea are major contributors to biogeochemical cycles, possess unique metabolic capabilities, and resist extreme stress. To regulate the expression of genes encoding these unique programs, archaeal cells use gene regulatory networks (GRNs) composed of transcription factor proteins and their target genes. Recent developments in genetics, genomics, and computational methods used with archaeal model organisms have enabled the mapping and prediction of global GRN structures. Experimental tests of these predictions have revealed the dynamical function of GRNs in response to environmental variation. Here, we review recent progress made in this area, from investigating the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of individual genes to small-scale subnetworks and genome-wide global networks. At each level, archaeal GRNs consist of a hybrid of bacterial, eukaryotic, and uniquely archaeal mechanisms. We discuss this theme from the perspective of the role of individual transcription factors in genome-wide regulation, how these proteins interact to compile GRN topological structures, and how these topologies lead to emergent, high-level GRN functions. We conclude by discussing how systems biology approaches are a fruitful avenue for addressing remaining challenges, such as discovering gene function and the evolution of GRNs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter D Tonner
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Cynthia L Darnell
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Amy K Schmid
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;
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11
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McMillan LJ, Hwang S, Farah RE, Koh J, Chen S, Maupin-Furlow JA. Multiplex quantitative SILAC for analysis of archaeal proteomes: a case study of oxidative stress responses. Environ Microbiol 2017; 20:385-401. [PMID: 29194950 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope labelling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) is a quantitative proteomic method that can illuminate new pathways used by cells to adapt to different lifestyles and niches. Archaea, while thriving in extreme environments and accounting for ∼20%-40% of the Earth's biomass, have not been analyzed with the full potential of SILAC. Here, we report SILAC for quantitative comparison of archaeal proteomes, using Haloferax volcanii as a model. A double auxotroph was generated that allowed for complete incorporation of 13 C/15 N-lysine and 13 C-arginine such that each peptide derived from trypsin digestion was labelled. This strain was found amenable to multiplex SILAC by case study of responses to oxidative stress by hypochlorite. A total of 2565 proteins was identified by LC-MS/MS analysis (q-value ≤ 0.01) that accounted for 64% of the theoretical proteome. Of these, 176 proteins were altered at least 1.5-fold (p-value < 0.05) in abundance during hypochlorite stress. Many of the differential proteins were of unknown function. Those of known function included transcription factor homologs related to oxidative stress by 3D-homology modelling and orthologous group comparisons. Thus, SILAC is found to be an ideal method for quantitative proteomics of archaea that holds promise to unravel gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana J McMillan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Sungmin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Rawan E Farah
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jin Koh
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Julie A Maupin-Furlow
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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12
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Schwenk JM, Omenn GS, Sun Z, Campbell DS, Baker MS, Overall CM, Aebersold R, Moritz RL, Deutsch EW. The Human Plasma Proteome Draft of 2017: Building on the Human Plasma PeptideAtlas from Mass Spectrometry and Complementary Assays. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4299-4310. [PMID: 28938075 PMCID: PMC5864247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human blood plasma provides a highly accessible window to the proteome of any individual in health and disease. Since its inception in 2002, the Human Proteome Organization's Human Plasma Proteome Project (HPPP) has been promoting advances in the study and understanding of the full protein complement of human plasma and on determining the abundance and modifications of its components. In 2017, we review the history of the HPPP and the advances of human plasma proteomics in general, including several recent achievements. We then present the latest 2017-04 build of Human Plasma PeptideAtlas, which yields ∼43 million peptide-spectrum matches and 122,730 distinct peptide sequences from 178 individual experiments at a 1% protein-level FDR globally across all experiments. Applying the latest Human Proteome Project Data Interpretation Guidelines, we catalog 3509 proteins that have at least two non-nested uniquely mapping peptides of nine amino acids or more and >1300 additional proteins with ambiguous evidence. We apply the same two-peptide guideline to historical PeptideAtlas builds going back to 2006 and examine the progress made in the past ten years in plasma proteome coverage. We also compare the distribution of proteins in historical PeptideAtlas builds in various RNA abundance and cellular localization categories. We then discuss advances in plasma proteomics based on targeted mass spectrometry as well as affinity assays, which during early 2017 target ∼2000 proteins. Finally, we describe considerations about sample handling and study design, concluding with an outlook for future advances in deciphering the human plasma proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen M. Schwenk
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Gilbert S. Omenn
- Departments of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Internal Medicine, and Human Genetics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2218, USA
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhi Sun
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Mark S. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109. Australia
| | - Christopher M. Overall
- Centre for Blood Research, Departments of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Losensky G, Jung K, Urlaub H, Pfeifer F, Fröls S, Lenz C. Shedding light on biofilm formation ofHalobacterium salinarumR1 by SWATH-LC/MS/MS analysis of planktonic and sessile cells. Proteomics 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Losensky
- Microbiology and Archaea; Department of Biology; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Darmstadt Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics; University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation; Hannover Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Göttingen Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry; Bioanalytics; University Medical Center Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Felicitas Pfeifer
- Microbiology and Archaea; Department of Biology; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Darmstadt Germany
| | - Sabrina Fröls
- Microbiology and Archaea; Department of Biology; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Göttingen Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry; Bioanalytics; University Medical Center Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
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14
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Growth-Phase-Specific Modulation of Cell Morphology and Gene Expression by an Archaeal Histone Protein. mBio 2015; 6:e00649-15. [PMID: 26350964 PMCID: PMC4600100 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00649-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In all three domains of life, organisms use nonspecific DNA-binding proteins to compact and organize the genome as well as to regulate transcription on a global scale. Histone is the primary eukaryotic nucleoprotein, and its evolutionary roots can be traced to the archaea. However, not all archaea use this protein as the primary DNA-packaging component, raising questions regarding the role of histones in archaeal chromatin function. Here, quantitative phenotyping, transcriptomic, and proteomic assays were performed on deletion and overexpression mutants of the sole histone protein of the hypersaline-adapted haloarchaeal model organism Halobacterium salinarum. This protein is highly conserved among all sequenced haloarchaeal species and maintains hallmark residues required for eukaryotic histone functions. Surprisingly, despite this conservation at the sequence level, unlike in other archaea or eukaryotes, H. salinarum histone is required to regulate cell shape but is not necessary for survival. Genome-wide expression changes in histone deletion strains were global, significant but subtle in terms of fold change, bidirectional, and growth phase dependent. Mass spectrometric proteomic identification of proteins from chromatin enrichments yielded levels of histone and putative nucleoid-associated proteins similar to those of transcription factors, consistent with an open and transcriptionally active genome. Taken together, these data suggest that histone in H. salinarum plays a minor role in DNA compaction but important roles in growth-phase-dependent gene expression and regulation of cell shape. Histone function in haloarchaea more closely resembles a regulator of gene expression than a chromatin-organizing protein like canonical eukaryotic histone. Histones comprise the major protein component of eukaryotic chromatin and are required for both genome packaging and global regulation of expression. The current paradigm maintains that archaea whose genes encode histone also use these proteins to package DNA. In contrast, here we demonstrate that the sole histone encoded in the genome of the salt-adapted archaeon Halobacterium salinarum is both unessential and unlikely to be involved in DNA compaction despite conservation of residues important for eukaryotic histones. Rather, H. salinarum histone is required for global regulation of gene expression and cell shape. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that H. salinarum histone, strongly conserved across all other known salt-adapted archaea, serves a novel role in gene regulation and cell shape maintenance. Given that archaea possess the ancestral form of eukaryotic histone, this study has important implications for understanding the evolution of histone function.
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Development of New Modular Genetic Tools for Engineering the Halophilic Archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129215. [PMID: 26061363 PMCID: PMC4465625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our ability to genetically manipulate living organisms is usually constrained by the efficiency of the genetic tools available for the system of interest. In this report, we present the design, construction and characterization of a set of four new modular vectors, the pHsal series, for engineering Halobacterium salinarum, a model halophilic archaeon widely used in systems biology studies. The pHsal shuttle vectors are organized in four modules: (i) the E. coli’s specific part, containing a ColE1 origin of replication and an ampicillin resistance marker, (ii) the resistance marker and (iii) the replication origin, which are specific to H. salinarum and (iv) the cargo, which will carry a sequence of interest cloned in a multiple cloning site, flanked by universal M13 primers. Each module was constructed using only minimal functional elements that were sequence edited to eliminate redundant restriction sites useful for cloning. This optimization process allowed the construction of vectors with reduced sizes compared to currently available platforms and expanded multiple cloning sites. Additionally, the strong constitutive promoter of the fer2 gene was sequence optimized and incorporated into the platform to allow high-level expression of heterologous genes in H. salinarum. The system also includes a new minimal suicide vector for the generation of knockouts and/or the incorporation of chromosomal tags, as well as a vector for promoter probing using a GFP gene as reporter. This new set of optimized vectors should strongly facilitate the engineering of H. salinarum and similar strategies could be implemented for other archaea.
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16
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Todor H, Dulmage K, Gillum N, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Schmid AK. A transcription factor links growth rate and metabolism in the hypersaline adapted archaeon
H
alobacterium salinarum. Mol Microbiol 2014; 93:1172-82. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Horia Todor
- Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Keely Dulmage
- Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | | | - James R. Bain
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center Duke Molecular Physiology Institute Durham NC 27710 USA
| | - Michael J. Muehlbauer
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center Duke Molecular Physiology Institute Durham NC 27710 USA
| | - Amy K. Schmid
- Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
- Center for Systems Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
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17
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Vialas V, Sun Z, Loureiro y Penha CV, Carrascal M, Abián J, Monteoliva L, Deutsch EW, Aebersold R, Moritz RL, Gil C. A Candida albicans PeptideAtlas. J Proteomics 2013; 97:62-8. [PMID: 23811049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Candida albicans public proteomic datasets, though growing steadily in the last few years, still have a very limited presence in online repositories. We report here the creation of a C. albicans PeptideAtlas comprising near 22,000 distinct peptides at a 0.24% False Discovery Rate (FDR) that account for over 2500 canonical proteins at a 1.2% FDR. Based on data from 16 experiments, we attained coverage of 41% of the C. albicans open reading frame sequences (ORFs) in the database used for the searches. This PeptideAtlas provides several useful features, including comprehensive protein and peptide-centered search capabilities and visualization tools that establish a solid basis for the study of basic biological mechanisms key to virulence and pathogenesis such as dimorphism, adherence, and apoptosis. Further, it is a valuable resource for the selection of candidate proteotypic peptides for targeted proteomic experiments via Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) or SWATH-MS. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This C. albicans PeptideAtlas resolves the previous absence of fungal pathogens in the PeptideAtlas project. It represents the most extensive characterization of the proteome of this fungus that exists up to the current date, including evidence for uncharacterized ORFs. Through its web interface, PeptideAtlas supports the study of interesting proteins related to basic biological mechanisms key to virulence such as apoptosis, dimorphism and adherence. It also provides a valuable resource to select candidate proteotypic peptides for future (SRM) targeted proteomic experiments. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Trends in Microbial Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vital Vialas
- Dept. Microbiología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS: Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zhi Sun
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carla Verónica Loureiro y Penha
- Dept. Microbiología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS: Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Carrascal
- CSIC/UAB Proteomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain
| | - Joaquín Abián
- CSIC/UAB Proteomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Dept. Microbiología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS: Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Concha Gil
- Dept. Microbiología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS: Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain.
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Orellana MV, Pang WL, Durand PM, Whitehead K, Baliga NS. A role for programmed cell death in the microbial loop. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62595. [PMID: 23667496 PMCID: PMC3648572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial loop is the conventional model by which nutrients and minerals are recycled in aquatic eco-systems. Biochemical pathways in different organisms become metabolically inter-connected such that nutrients are utilized, processed, released and re-utilized by others. The result is that unrelated individuals end up impacting each others' fitness directly through their metabolic activities. This study focused on the impact of programmed cell death (PCD) on a population's growth as well as its role in the exchange of carbon between two naturally co-occurring halophilic organisms. Flow cytometric, biochemical, ¹⁴C radioisotope tracing assays, and global transcriptomic analyses show that organic algal photosynthate released by Dunalliela salina cells undergoing PCD complements the nutritional needs of other non-PCD D. salina cells. This occurs in vitro in a carbon limited environment and enhances the growth of the population. In addition, a co-occurring heterotroph Halobacterium salinarum re-mineralizes the carbon providing elemental nutrients for the mixoheterotrophic chlorophyte. The significance of this is uncertain and the archaeon can also subsist entirely on the lysate of apoptotic algae. PCD is now well established in unicellular organisms; however its ecological relevance has been difficult to decipher. In this study we found that PCD in D. salina causes the release of organic nutrients such as glycerol, which can be used by others in the population as well as a co-occurring halophilic archaeon. H. salinarum also re-mineralizes the dissolved material promoting algal growth. PCD in D. salina was the mechanism for the flow of dissolved photosynthate between unrelated organisms. Ironically, programmed death plays a central role in an organism's own population growth and in the exchange of nutrients in the microbial loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica V. Orellana
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Wyming L. Pang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Genomatica, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Pierre M. Durand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Parktown, South Africa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Kenia Whitehead
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Integral Consulting Inc., Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nitin S. Baliga
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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19
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Effects of intracellular Mn on the radiation resistance of the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. Extremophiles 2013; 17:485-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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20
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Farrah T, Deutsch EW, Hoopmann MR, Hallows JL, Sun Z, Huang CY, Moritz RL. The state of the human proteome in 2012 as viewed through PeptideAtlas. J Proteome Res 2012; 12:162-71. [PMID: 23215161 DOI: 10.1021/pr301012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Human Proteome Project was launched in September 2010 with the goal of characterizing at least one protein product from each protein-coding gene. Here we assess how much of the proteome has been detected to date via tandem mass spectrometry by analyzing PeptideAtlas, a compendium of human derived LC-MS/MS proteomics data from many laboratories around the world. All data sets are processed with a consistent set of parameters using the Trans-Proteomic Pipeline and subjected to a 1% protein FDR filter before inclusion in PeptideAtlas. Therefore, PeptideAtlas contains only high confidence protein identifications. To increase proteome coverage, we explored new comprehensive public data sources for data likely to add new proteins to the Human PeptideAtlas. We then folded these data into a Human PeptideAtlas 2012 build and mapped it to Swiss-Prot, a protein sequence database curated to contain one entry per human protein coding gene. We find that this latest PeptideAtlas build includes at least one peptide for each of ~12500 Swiss-Prot entries, leaving ~7500 gene products yet to be confidently cataloged. We characterize these "PA-unseen" proteins in terms of tissue localization, transcript abundance, and Gene Ontology enrichment, and propose reasons for their absence from PeptideAtlas and strategies for detecting them in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Farrah
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States.
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21
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Oberg AL, Mahoney DW. Statistical methods for quantitative mass spectrometry proteomic experiments with labeling. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13 Suppl 16:S7. [PMID: 23176383 PMCID: PMC3489540 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-s16-s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass Spectrometry utilizing labeling allows multiple specimens to be subjected to mass spectrometry simultaneously. As a result, between-experiment variability is reduced. Here we describe use of fundamental concepts of statistical experimental design in the labeling framework in order to minimize variability and avoid biases. We demonstrate how to export data in the format that is most efficient for statistical analysis. We demonstrate how to assess the need for normalization, perform normalization, and check whether it worked. We describe how to build a model explaining the observed values and test for differential protein abundance along with descriptive statistics and measures of reliability of the findings. Concepts are illustrated through the use of three case studies utilizing the iTRAQ 4-plex labeling protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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22
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Richardson K, Denny R, Hughes C, Skilling J, Sikora J, Dadlez M, Manteca A, Jung HR, Jensen ON, Redeker V, Melki R, Langridge JI, Vissers JPC. A probabilistic framework for peptide and protein quantification from data-dependent and data-independent LC-MS proteomics experiments. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2012; 16:468-82. [PMID: 22871168 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2012.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A probability-based quantification framework is presented for the calculation of relative peptide and protein abundance in label-free and label-dependent LC-MS proteomics data. The results are accompanied by credible intervals and regulation probabilities. The algorithm takes into account data uncertainties via Poisson statistics modified by a noise contribution that is determined automatically during an initial normalization stage. Protein quantification relies on assignments of component peptides to the acquired data. These assignments are generally of variable reliability and may not be present across all of the experiments comprising an analysis. It is also possible for a peptide to be identified to more than one protein in a given mixture. For these reasons the algorithm accepts a prior probability of peptide assignment for each intensity measurement. The model is constructed in such a way that outliers of any type can be automatically reweighted. Two discrete normalization methods can be employed. The first method is based on a user-defined subset of peptides, while the second method relies on the presence of a dominant background of endogenous peptides for which the concentration is assumed to be unaffected. Normalization is performed using the same computational and statistical procedures employed by the main quantification algorithm. The performance of the algorithm will be illustrated on example data sets, and its utility demonstrated for typical proteomics applications. The quantification algorithm supports relative protein quantification based on precursor and product ion intensities acquired by means of data-dependent methods, originating from all common isotopically-labeled approaches, as well as label-free ion intensity-based data-independent methods.
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23
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Sharma K, Gillum N, Boyd JL, Schmid A. The RosR transcription factor is required for gene expression dynamics in response to extreme oxidative stress in a hypersaline-adapted archaeon. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:351. [PMID: 22846541 PMCID: PMC3443676 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous work has shown that the hypersaline-adapted archaeon, Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1, is highly resistant to oxidative stress caused by exposure to hydrogen peroxide, UV, and gamma radiation. Dynamic alteration of the gene regulatory network (GRN) has been implicated in such resistance. However, the molecular functions of transcription regulatory proteins involved in this response remain unknown. Results Here we have reanalyzed several existing GRN and systems biology datasets for H. salinarum to identify and characterize a novel winged helix-turn-helix transcription factor, VNG0258H, as a regulator required for reactive oxygen species resistance in this organism. This protein appears to be unique to the haloarchaea at the primary sequence level. High throughput quantitative growth assays in a deletion mutant strain implicate VNG0258H in extreme oxidative stress resistance. According to time course gene expression analyses, this transcription factor is required for the appropriate dynamic response of nearly 300 genes to reactive oxygen species damage from paraquat and hydrogen peroxide. These genes are predicted to function in repair of oxidative damage to proteins and DNA. In vivo DNA binding assays demonstrate that VNG0258H binds DNA to mediate gene regulation. Conclusions Together these results suggest that VNG0258H is a novel archaeal transcription factor that regulates gene expression to enable adaptation to the extremely oxidative, hypersaline niche of H. salinarum. We have therefore renamed VNG0258H as RosR, for reactive oxygen species regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Sharma
- Center for Systems Biology, Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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24
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Yu Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Chen Y. Quantification of human serum transferrin using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based targeted proteomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 902:10-5. [PMID: 22771233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the absolute quantification of human transferrin (hTRF) is based on several techniques other than mass spectrometry. Although these techniques provide valuable information on protein levels and can be extremely sensitive, they often lack the specificity and reproducibility that can be provided by mass spectrometry. In this study, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) based targeted proteomics assay was developed and validated for the determination of transferrin in human serum. We selected the tryptic peptide 108EDPQTFYYAVAVVK121 as the surrogate analyte for quantification and used a stable isotope-labeled synthetic peptide with this sequence as an internal standard. Sample cleanup and enrichment were achieved using solid phase extraction. The validated calibration range was from 500 to 5000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 4.9% and 9.0%, respectively. The bias for the quality control (QC) samples was less than 5.4%. Finally, this assay was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of transferrin in clinical samples. The obtained values were assessed by independently measuring transferrin in the same samples using a commercially available immunoturbidimetric assay. As a result, the absolute concentrations determined by the LC/MS/MS assay compared well with those obtained with the immunoturbidimetric method; however, the LC/MS/MS assay afforded more reliable transferrin values at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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25
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Maupin-Furlow JA, Humbard MA, Kirkland PA. Extreme challenges and advances in archaeal proteomics. Curr Opin Microbiol 2012; 15:351-6. [PMID: 22386447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Archaea display amazing physiological properties that are of interest to understand at the molecular level including the ability to thrive at extreme environmental conditions, the presence of novel metabolic pathways (e.g. methanogenesis, methylaspartate cycle) and the use of eukaryotic-like protein machineries for basic cellular functions. Coupling traditional genetic and biochemical approaches with advanced technologies, such as genomics and proteomics, provides an avenue for scientists to discover new aspects related to the molecular physiology of archaea. This review emphasizes the unusual properties of archaeal proteomes and how high-throughput and specialized mass spectrometry-based proteomic studies have provided insight into the molecular properties of archaeal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Maupin-Furlow
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0700, USA.
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26
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Mahoney DW, Therneau TM, Heppelmann CJ, Higgins L, Benson LM, Zenka RM, Jagtap P, Nelsestuen GL, Bergen HR, Oberg AL. Relative quantification: characterization of bias, variability and fold changes in mass spectrometry data from iTRAQ-labeled peptides. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:4325-33. [PMID: 21755926 DOI: 10.1021/pr2001308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Shotgun proteomics via mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful technology for biomarker discovery that has the potential to lead to noninvasive disease screening mechanisms. Successful application of MS-based proteomics technologies for biomarker discovery requires accurate expectations of bias, reproducibility, variance, and the true detectable differences in platforms chosen for analyses. Characterization of the variability inherent in MS assays is vital and should affect interpretation of measurements of observed differences in biological samples. Here we describe observed biases, variance structure, and the ability to detect known differences in spike-in data sets for which true relative abundance among defined samples were known and were subsequently measured with the iTRAQ technology on two MS platforms. Global biases were observed within these data sets. Measured variability was a function of mean abundance. Fold changes were biased toward the null and variance of a fold change was a function of protein mass and abundance. The information presented herein will be valuable for experimental design and analysis of the resulting data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Mahoney
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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27
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Calderón-Santiago M, Mata-Granados JM, Priego-Capote F, Quesada-Gómez JM, Castro MDLD. Analytical platform for verification and quantitation of target peptides in human serum: Application to cathelicidin. Anal Biochem 2011; 415:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
With the advent of more powerful and sensitive analytical techniques and instruments, the field of mass spectrometry based proteomics has seen a considerable increase in the amount of generated data. Correspondingly, the need to make these data publicly available in centralized online databases has also become more pressing. As a result, several such databases have been created, and steps are currently being taken to integrate these different systems under a single worldwide data-sharing umbrella. This chapter will discuss the importance of such databases and the necessary infrastructure that these databases require for efficient operation. Furthermore, the various kinds of information that proteomics databases can store will be described, along with the different types of databases that are available today. Finally, a selection of prominent repositories will be described in more detail, together with the international ProteomExchange consortium that is aimed at uniting all the different databases in a global data sharing collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Martens
- EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Cambridge, UK.
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29
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Ahrens CH, Brunner E, Qeli E, Basler K, Aebersold R. Generating and navigating proteome maps using mass spectrometry. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010; 11:789-801. [DOI: 10.1038/nrm2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Végvári A, Marko-Varga G. Clinical protein science and bioanalytical mass spectrometry with an emphasis on lung cancer. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3278-98. [PMID: 20415473 DOI: 10.1021/cr100011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akos Végvári
- Division of Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Center, Department of Measurement Technology and Industrial Electrical Engineering, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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32
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Facciotti MT, Pang WL, Lo FY, Whitehead K, Koide T, Masumura KI, Pan M, Kaur A, Larsen DJ, Reiss DJ, Hoang L, Kalisiak E, Northen T, Trauger SA, Siuzdak G, Baliga NS. Large scale physiological readjustment during growth enables rapid, comprehensive and inexpensive systems analysis. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2010; 4:64. [PMID: 20470417 PMCID: PMC2880973 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-4-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Rapidly characterizing the operational interrelationships among all genes in a given organism is a critical bottleneck to significantly advancing our understanding of thousands of newly sequenced microbial and eukaryotic species. While evolving technologies for global profiling of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites are making it possible to comprehensively survey cellular physiology in newly sequenced organisms, these experimental techniques have not kept pace with sequencing efforts. Compounding these technological challenges is the fact that individual experiments typically only stimulate relatively small-scale cellular responses, thus requiring numerous expensive experiments to survey the operational relationships among nearly all genetic elements. Therefore, a relatively quick and inexpensive strategy for observing changes in large fractions of the genetic elements is highly desirable. Results We have discovered in the model organism Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 that batch culturing in complex medium stimulates meaningful changes in the expression of approximately two thirds of all genes. While the majority of these changes occur during transition from rapid exponential growth to the stationary phase, several transient physiological states were detected beyond what has been previously observed. In sum, integrated analysis of transcript and metabolite changes has helped uncover growth phase-associated physiologies, operational interrelationships among two thirds of all genes, specialized functions for gene family members, waves of transcription factor activities, and growth phase associated cell morphology control. Conclusions Simple laboratory culturing in complex medium can be enormously informative regarding the activities of and interrelationships among a large fraction of all genes in an organism. This also yields important baseline physiological context for designing specific perturbation experiments at different phases of growth. The integration of such growth and perturbation studies with measurements of associated environmental factor changes is a practical and economical route for the elucidation of comprehensive systems-level models of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc T Facciotti
- Institute for Systems Biology, 1441 North 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, USA.
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Jungblut PR, Schiele F, Zimny-Arndt U, Ackermann R, Schmid M, Lange S, Stein R, Pleissner KP. Helicobacter pylori proteomics by 2-DE/MS, 1-DE-LC/MS and functional data mining. Proteomics 2010; 10:182-93. [PMID: 19941309 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With its predicted proteome of 1550 proteins (data set Etalon) Helicobacter pylori 26695 represents a perfect model system of medium complexity for investigating basic questions in proteomics. We analyzed urea-solubilized proteins by 2-DE/MS (data set 2-DE) and by 1-DE-LC/MS (Supprot); proteins insoluble in 9 M urea but solubilized by SDS (Pellet); proteins precipitating in the Sephadex layer at the application side of IEF (Sephadex) by 1-DE-LC/MS; and proteins precipitating close to the application side within the IEF gel by LC/MS (Startline). The experimental proteomics data of H. pylori comprising 567 proteins (protein coverage: 36.6%) were stored in the Proteome Database System for Microbial Research (http://www.mpiib-berlin.mpg.de/2D-PAGE/), which gives access to raw mass spectra (MALDI-TOF/TOF) in T2D format, as well as to text files of peak lists. For data mining the protein mapping and comparison tool PROMPT (http://webclu.bio.wzw.tum.de/prompt/) was used. The percentage of proteins with transmembrane regions, relative to all proteins detected, was 0, 0.2, 0, 0.5, 3.8 and 6.3% for 2-DE, Supprot, Startline, Sephadex, Pellet, and Etalon, respectively. 2-DE does not separate membrane proteins because they are insoluble in 9 M urea/70 mM DTT and 2% CHAPS. SDS solubilizes a considerable portion of the urea-insoluble proteins and makes them accessible for separation by SDS-PAGE and LC. The 2-DE/MS analysis with urea-solubilized proteins and the 1-DE-LC/MS analysis with the urea-insoluble protein fraction (Pellet) are complementary procedures in the pursuit of a complete proteome analysis. Access to the PROMPT-generated diagrams in the Proteome Database allows the mining of experimental data with respect to other functional aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Jungblut
- Core Facility Protein Analysis, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
PeptideAtlas is a multi-species compendium of peptides observed with tandem mass spectrometry methods. Raw mass spectrometer output files are collected from the community and reprocessed through a uniform analysis and validation pipeline that continues to advance. The results are loaded into a database and the information derived from the raw data is returned to the community via several web-based data exploration tools. The PeptideAtlas resource is useful for experiment planning, improving genome annotation, and other data mining projects. PeptideAtlas has become especially useful for planning targeted proteomics experiments.
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Tebbe A, Schmidt A, Konstantinidis K, Falb M, Bisle B, Klein C, Aivaliotis M, Kellermann J, Siedler F, Pfeiffer F, Lottspeich F, Oesterhelt D. Life-style changes of a halophilic archaeon analyzed by quantitative proteomics. Proteomics 2009; 9:3843-55. [PMID: 19670246 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative proteomics based on isotopic labeling has become the method of choice to accurately determine changes in protein abundance in highly complex mixtures. Isotope-coded protein labeling (ICPL), which is based on the nicotinoylation of proteins at lysine residues and free N-termini was used as a simple, reliable and fast method for the comparative analysis of three different cellular states of the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum through pairwise comparison. The labeled proteins were subjected to SDS-PAGE, in-gel digested and the proteolytic peptides were separated by LC and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. Automated quantitation was performed by comparing the MS peptide signals of (12)C and (13)C nicotinoylated isotopic peptide pairs. The transitions between (i) aerobic growth in complex versus synthetic medium and (ii) aerobic versus anaerobic/phototrophic growth, both in complex medium, provide a wide span in nutrient and energy supply for the cell and thus allowed optimal studies of proteome changes. In these two studies, 559 and 643 proteins, respectively, could be quantified allowing a detailed analysis of the adaptation of H. salinarum to changes of its living conditions. The subtle cellular response to a wide variation of nutrient and energy supply demonstrates a fine tuning of the cellular protein inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tebbe
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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Prevalence of transcription promoters within archaeal operons and coding sequences. Mol Syst Biol 2009; 5:285. [PMID: 19536208 PMCID: PMC2710873 DOI: 10.1038/msb.2009.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the knowledge of complex prokaryotic-transcription mechanisms, generalized rules, such as the simplified organization of genes into operons with well-defined promoters and terminators, have had a significant role in systems analysis of regulatory logic in both bacteria and archaea. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of alternate regulatory mechanisms through genome-wide characterization of transcript structures of approximately 64% of all genes, including putative non-coding RNAs in Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1. Our integrative analysis of transcriptome dynamics and protein-DNA interaction data sets showed widespread environment-dependent modulation of operon architectures, transcription initiation and termination inside coding sequences, and extensive overlap in 3' ends of transcripts for many convergently transcribed genes. A significant fraction of these alternate transcriptional events correlate to binding locations of 11 transcription factors and regulators (TFs) inside operons and annotated genes-events usually considered spurious or non-functional. Using experimental validation, we illustrate the prevalence of overlapping genomic signals in archaeal transcription, casting doubt on the general perception of rigid boundaries between coding sequences and regulatory elements.
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