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Kim SE, Ji SB, Kim E, Jeong M, Kim J, Lee GM, Seo HJ, Bae S, Jeong Y, Lee S, Kim S, Lee T, Cho SJ, Liu KH. Nontargeted Metabolomics by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Study the In Vitro Metabolism of a Dual Inverse Agonist of Estrogen-Related Receptors β and γ, DN203368. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060776. [PMID: 34072800 PMCID: PMC8230175 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DN203368 ((E)-3-[1-(4-[4-isopropylpiperazine-1-yl]phenyl) 3-methyl-2-phenylbut-1-en-1-yl] phenol) is a 4-hydroxy tamoxifen analog that is a dual inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor β/γ (ERRβ/γ). ERRγ is an orphan nuclear receptor that plays an important role in development and homeostasis and holds potential as a novel therapeutic target in metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cancer. ERRβ is also one of the orphan nuclear receptors critical for many biological processes, such as development. We investigated the in vitro metabolism of DN203368 by conventional and metabolomic approaches using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The compound (100 μM) was incubated with rat and human liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH. In the metabolomic approach, the m/z value and retention time information obtained from the sample and heat-inactivated control group were statistically evaluated using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Significant features responsible for group separation were then identified using tandem mass spectra. Seven metabolites of DN203368 were identified in rat liver microsomes and the metabolic pathways include hydroxylation (M1-3), N-oxidation (M4), N-deisopropylation (M5), N,N-dealkylation (M6), and oxidation and dehydrogenation (M7). Only five metabolites (M2, M3, and M5-M7) were detected in human liver microsomes. In the conventional approach using extracted ion monitoring for values of mass increase or decrease by known metabolic reactions, only five metabolites (M1-M5) were found in rat liver microsomes, whereas three metabolites (M2, M3, and M5) were found in human liver microsomes. This study revealed that nontargeted metabolomics combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis could be a more efficient tool for drug metabolite identification than the conventional approach. These results might also be useful for understanding the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of DN203368 in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Eun Kim
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Seung-Bae Ji
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Euihyeon Kim
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Minseon Jeong
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea; (M.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea; (M.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Gyung-Min Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Hyung-Ju Seo
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Subin Bae
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Yeojin Jeong
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.J.C.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-958-5137 (S.-J.C.); +82-53-950-8567 (K.-H.L.); Fax: +82-2-958-5137 (S.J.C.); +82-53-950-8557 (K.-H.L.)
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 FOUR KNU Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-E.K.); (S.-B.J.); (E.K.); (G.-M.L.); (H.-J.S.); (S.B.); (Y.J.); (S.L.); (T.L.)
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.J.C.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-958-5137 (S.-J.C.); +82-53-950-8567 (K.-H.L.); Fax: +82-2-958-5137 (S.J.C.); +82-53-950-8557 (K.-H.L.)
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Bertuzzi DL, Perli G, Braga CB, Ornelas C. Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of folate γ-ferrocenyl conjugates. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04954a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel folate γ-ferrocene conjugates were synthesized through a regiospecific route, and showed selectivity and enhanced cytotoxicity against Frα-positive malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L. Bertuzzi
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas – Unicamp
- Campinas 13083-861
- Brazil
| | - Gabriel Perli
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas – Unicamp
- Campinas 13083-861
- Brazil
| | - Carolyne B. Braga
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas – Unicamp
- Campinas 13083-861
- Brazil
| | - Catia Ornelas
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas – Unicamp
- Campinas 13083-861
- Brazil
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Bolton JL, Dunlap T. Formation and Biological Targets of Quinones: Cytotoxic versus Cytoprotective Effects. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 30:13-37. [PMID: 27617882 PMCID: PMC5241708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quinones represent a class of toxicological intermediates, which can create a variety of hazardous effects in vivo including, acute cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and carcinogenesis. In contrast, quinones can induce cytoprotection through the induction of detoxification enzymes, anti-inflammatory activities, and modification of redox status. The mechanisms by which quinones cause these effects can be quite complex. The various biological targets of quinones depend on their rate and site of formation and their reactivity. Quinones are formed through a variety of mechanisms from simple oxidation of catechols/hydroquinones catalyzed by a variety of oxidative enzymes and metal ions to more complex mechanisms involving initial P450-catalyzed hydroxylation reactions followed by two-electron oxidation. Quinones are Michael acceptors, and modification of cellular processes could occur through alkylation of crucial cellular proteins and/or DNA. Alternatively, quinones are highly redox active molecules which can redox cycle with their semiquinone radical anions leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and ultimately the hydroxyl radical. Production of ROS can alter redox balance within cells through the formation of oxidized cellular macromolecules including lipids, proteins, and DNA. This perspective explores the varied biological targets of quinones including GSH, NADPH, protein sulfhydryls [heat shock proteins, P450s, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), glutathione S-transferase (GST), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, (NQO1), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), IκB kinase (IKK), and arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)], and DNA. The evidence strongly suggests that the numerous mechanisms of quinone modulations (i.e., alkylation versus oxidative stress) can be correlated with the known pathology/cytoprotection of the parent compound(s) that is best described by an inverse U-shaped dose-response curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L Bolton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Tareisha Dunlap
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
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Richard MA, Hamels D, Pigeon P, Top S, Dansette PM, Lee HZS, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Oxidative metabolism of ferrocene analogues of tamoxifen: characterization and antiproliferative activities of the metabolites. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:981-90. [PMID: 25882581 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ferrociphenols have been found to have high antiproliferative activity against estrogen-independent breast cancer cells. The rat and human liver microsome-mediated metabolism of three compounds of the ferrocifen (FC) family, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC1), 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(phenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC2), and 1-[4-(3-dimethylaminopropoxy)phenyl]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC3), was studied. Three main metabolite classes were identified: quinone methides (QMs) deriving from two-electron oxidation of FCs, cyclic indene products (CPs) deriving from acid-catalyzed cyclization of QMs, and allylic alcohols (AAs) deriving from hydroxylation of FCs. These metabolites are generated by cytochromes P450 (P450s), as shown by experiments with either N-benzylimidazole as a P450 inhibitor or recombinant human P450s. Such P450-dependent oxidation of the phenol function and hydroxylation of the allylic CH2 group of FCs leads to the formation of QM and AA metabolites, respectively. Some of the new ferrociphenols obtained in this study were found to exhibit remarkable antiproliferative effects toward MDA-MB-231 hormone-independent breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Aude Richard
- PSL, Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France).,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France).,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Didier Hamels
- PSL, Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Pascal Pigeon
- PSL, Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France).,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France).,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Siden Top
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France). .,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France).
| | - Patrick M Dansette
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Paris Cité Sorbonne, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06 (France)
| | - Hui Zhi Shirley Lee
- PSL, Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France).,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France).,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Anne Vessières
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France).,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Daniel Mansuy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Paris Cité Sorbonne, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06 (France).
| | - Gérard Jaouen
- PSL, Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France). .,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, UMR 8232, IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France). .,CNRS, UMR 8232, IPCM, 75005 Paris (France).
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Cázares-Marinero JDJ, Top S, Vessières A, Jaouen G. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of hydroxyferrocifen hybrids against triple-negative breast cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:817-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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6
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Ferrocene tripeptide Gly-Pro-Arg conjugates: Synthesis and inhibitory effects on Alzheimer’s Aβ1–42 fibrillogenesis and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:395-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sridar C, D'Agostino J, Hollenberg PF. Bioactivation of the cancer chemopreventive agent tamoxifen to quinone methides by cytochrome P4502B6 and identification of the modified residue on the apoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos 2012; 40:2280-8. [PMID: 22942317 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.112.047266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonsteroidal antiestrogen tamoxifen was introduced as a treatment for breast cancer 3 decades ago. It has also been approved as a chemopreventive agent and is prescribed to women at high risk for this disease. However, several studies have shown that use of tamoxifen leads to increased risk of endometrial cancer in humans. One potential pathway of tamoxifen toxicity could involve metabolism via hydroxylation to give 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHtam), which may be further oxidized to form a quinone methide. CYP2B6 is a highly polymorphic drug-metabolizing enzyme, and it metabolizes a number of clinically important drugs. Earlier studies from our laboratory have shown that tamoxifen is a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP2B6. The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible formation of reactive intermediates through detection of protein covalent binding and glutathione ethyl ester adduct (GSHEE) formation. The incubation of tamoxifen with 2B6 gave rise to an adduct of 4OHtam with glutathione, which was characterized as the 4OHtam quinone methide + GSHEE with an m/z value of 719, and the structure was characterized by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The metabolic activation of tamoxifen in the CYP2B6 reconstituted system also resulted in the formation of an adduct to the P4502B6 apoprotein, which was identified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The site responsible for the inactivation of CYP2B6 was determined by proteolytic digestion and identification of the labeled peptide. This revealed a tryptic peptide ¹⁸⁸FHYQDQE¹⁹⁴ with the site of adduct formation localized to Gln193 as the site modified by the reactive metabolite formed during tamoxifen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Sridar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Görmen M, Pigeon P, Hillard EA, Vessières A, Huché M, Richard MA, McGlinchey MJ, Top S, Jaouen G. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Effects of [3]Ferrocenophane Transposition Products and Pinacols Obtained from McMurry Cross-Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300382h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Görmen
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Pigeon
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth A. Hillard
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne Vessières
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michel Huché
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aude Richard
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michael J. McGlinchey
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Siden Top
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gérard Jaouen
- ENSCP Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel
(LCF), 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France
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9
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Tan YLK, Pigeon P, Top S, Labbé E, Buriez O, Hillard EA, Vessières A, Amatore C, Leong WK, Jaouen G. Ferrocenyl catechols: synthesis, oxidation chemistry and anti-proliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7537-49. [PMID: 22596041 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30700f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and anti-tumoral properties of a series of compounds possessing a ferrocenyl group tethered to a catechol via a conjugated system is presented. On MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, the catechol compounds display a similar or greater anti-proliferative potency (IC(50) values ranging from 0.48-1.21 μM) than their corresponding phenolic analogues (0.57-12.7 μM), with the highest activity found for species incorporating the [3]ferrocenophane motif. On the electrochemical timescale, phenolic compounds appear to oxidize to the quinone methide, while catechol moieties form the o-quinone by a similar mechanism. Chemical oxidation of selected compounds with Ag(2)O confirms this interpretation and demonstrates the probable involvement of such oxidative metabolites in the in vitro activity of these species.
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Messina P, Labbé E, Buriez O, Hillard EA, Vessières A, Hamels D, Top S, Jaouen G, Frapart YM, Mansuy D, Amatore C. Deciphering the activation sequence of ferrociphenol anticancer drug candidates. Chemistry 2012; 18:6581-7. [PMID: 22492462 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The complete oxidation sequence of a model for ferrociphenols, a new class of anticancer drug candidate, is reported. Cyclic voltammetry was used to monitor the formation of oxidation intermediates on different timescales, thereby allowing the electrochemical characterization of both the short-lived and stable species obtained from the successive electron-transfer and deprotonation steps. The electrochemical preparation of the ferrocenium intermediate enabled a stepwise voltammetric determination of the stable oxidation compounds obtained upon addition of a base as well as the electron stoichiometry observed for the overall oxidation process. A mechanism has been established from the electrochemical data, which involves a base-promoted intramolecular electron transfer between the phenol and the ferrocenium cation. The resulting species is further oxidized then deprotonated to yield a stable quinone methide. To further characterize the transient species successively formed during the two-electron oxidation of the ferrociphenol to its quinone methide, EPR was used to monitor the fate of the paramagnetic species generated upon addition of imidazole to the electrogenerated ferrocenium. The study revealed the passage from an iron-centered to a carbon-centered radical, which is then oxidized to yield the quinone methide, namely, the species that interacts with proteins and so forth under biological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluca Messina
- UMR CNRS 8640 PASTEUR Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie & Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Nakayama S, Takakusa H, Watanabe A, Miyaji Y, Suzuki W, Sugiyama D, Shiosakai K, Honda K, Okudaira N, Izumi T, Okazaki O. Combination of GSH Trapping and Time-Dependent Inhibition Assays as a Predictive Method of Drugs Generating Highly Reactive Metabolites. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:1247-54. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.039180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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12
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Zhou Q, Qu Y, Mangrum JB, Wang X. DNA Alkylation with N-Methylquinolinium Quinone Methide to N2-dG Adducts Resulting in Extensive Stops in Primer Extension with DNA Polymerases and Subsequent Suppression of GFP Expression in A549 Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:402-11. [PMID: 21306116 DOI: 10.1021/tx100351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zhou
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
- Department of medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Yun Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - John B. Mangrum
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Xing Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
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Pigeon P, Top S, Vessières A, Huché M, Görmen M, El Arbi M, Plamont MA, McGlinchey MJ, Jaouen G. A new series of ferrocifen derivatives, bearing two aminoalkyl chains, with strong antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Vessières A, Corbet C, Heldt JM, Lories N, Jouy N, Laïos I, Leclercq G, Jaouen G, Toillon RA. A ferrocenyl derivative of hydroxytamoxifen elicits an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism of action in breast cancer cell lines. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:503-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jin H, Dai J, Chen X, Liu J, Zhong D, Gu Y, Zheng J. Pulmonary Toxicity and Metabolic Activation of Dauricine in CD-1 Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 332:738-46. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.162297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Hamels D, Dansette P, Hillard E, Top S, Vessières A, Herson P, Jaouen G, Mansuy D. Ferrocenyl Quinone Methides as Strong Antiproliferative Agents: Formation by Metabolic and Chemical Oxidation of Ferrocenyl Phenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:9124-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Hamels D, Dansette P, Hillard E, Top S, Vessières A, Herson P, Jaouen G, Mansuy D. Ferrocenyl Quinone Methides as Strong Antiproliferative Agents: Formation by Metabolic and Chemical Oxidation of Ferrocenyl Phenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lohmann W, Karst U. Electrochemistry meets enzymes: instrumental on-line simulation of oxidative and conjugative metabolism reactions of toremifene. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:1341-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Buriez O, Heldt JM, Labbé E, Vessières A, Jaouen G, Amatore C. Reactivity and Antiproliferative Activity of Ferrocenyl-Tamoxifen Adducts with Cyclodextrins against Hormone-Independent Breast-Cancer Cell Lines. Chemistry 2008; 14:8195-203. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Allard E, Passirani C, Garcion E, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Jaouen G, Benoit JP. Lipid nanocapsules loaded with an organometallic tamoxifen derivative as a novel drug-carrier system for experimental malignant gliomas. J Control Release 2008; 130:146-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hutzler JM, Melton RJ, Rumsey JM, Thompson DC, Rock DA, Wienkers LC. Assessment of the Metabolism and Intrinsic Reactivity of a Novel Catechol Metabolite. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:1125-33. [DOI: 10.1021/tx700429v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dowers TS, Qin ZH, Thatcher GRJ, Bolton JL. Bioactivation of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs). Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:1125-37. [PMID: 16978016 PMCID: PMC2517576 DOI: 10.1021/tx060126v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara S Dowers
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, USA
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Kobayashi Y, Sridar C, Kent UM, Puppali SG, Rimoldi JM, Zhang H, Waskell L, Hollenberg PF. Structure-Activity Relationship and Elucidation of the Determinant Factor(s) Responsible for the Mechanism-Based Inactivation of Cytochrome P450 2B6 by Substituted Phenyl Diaziridines. Drug Metab Dispos 2006; 34:2102-10. [PMID: 16997911 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.106.011452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated previously that several 3-trifluoromethyl-3-(4-alkoxyphenyl)diaziridines inhibit the 7-ethoxy-4-(trifluoroethyl)coumarin (7-EFC) O-deethylation activity of P450 2B6 in a mechanism-based manner. In contrast, 3-trifluoromethyl-3-(4-methylthio)phenyl)diaziridine did not have any effect on the activity of P450 2B6. It is interesting that both the alkoxy and the thiophenyl compounds were metabolized by P450 2B6. In this report, the structure-activity relationships for the mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P450 2B6 by a series of aryl diaziridines were investigated. Three diaziridines that did not contain a 4-alkoxy-substituent on their phenyl ring, namely, 3-trifluoromethyl-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)diaziridine, 3-trifluoromethyl-3-phenyl diaziridine, and 3-trifluoromethyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)diaziridine had no effect on the P450 2B6 7-EFC activity. Another analog that did not contain a diaziridine substructure, 3-trifluoromethyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, also had no effect on the activity of P450 2B6. Glutathione ethyl ester adducts of the phenyldiaziridine reactive intermediates were isolated from reaction mixtures of the inactivated samples and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The structures of the conjugates suggested that the electrophilic reactive intermediate in each case was a quinone methide (quinomethane), 4-ethylidene-cyclohexa-2,5-dienone, generated from the 4-alkoxyphenyldiaziridines by removal of both of the diaziridine and the 4-alkyl groups. In conclusion, the determinant factor for the mechanism-based inactivator activity of the aryl diaziridines seems to be the formation of the reactive quinomethane intermediate, which is generated from the 4-alkoxyphenyl diaziridines by a cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0632, USA
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Hillard E, Vessières A, Thouin L, Jaouen G, Amatore C. Ferrocene-Mediated Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in a Series of Ferrocifen-Type Breast-Cancer Drug Candidates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hillard E, Vessières A, Thouin L, Jaouen G, Amatore C. Ferrocene-Mediated Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in a Series of Ferrocifen-Type Breast-Cancer Drug Candidates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:285-90. [PMID: 16312004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hillard
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Complexes Moléculaires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Deshpande RR, Koch-Kirsch Y, Maas R, John GT, Krause C, Heinzle E. Microplates with Integrated Oxygen Sensors for Kinetic Cell Respiration Measurement and Cytotoxicity Testing in Primary and Secondary Cell Lines. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2005; 3:299-307. [PMID: 15971991 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2005.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a cytotoxicity and cell respiration assay that is nondestructive and kinetic. It makes use of 96-well microplates integrated with oxygen sensors. The oxygen signal monitored on-line gives an indication of the cell viability. We show its application for suspension cell lines (Chinese hamster ovary and HL60 cells) as well as adherent (Caco2 cells) and primary (rat hepatocytes) cells using well-known cytotoxic compounds (sodium azide, diclofenac, clozapine, sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2-thiouracil, tamoxifen, and tranylcypromine). The 50% lethality concentration (LC50) obtained from the assay is compared with the standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide end-point assay. The cells can be grown directly in the plates, and the assay requires no further reagents or processing. The cells can be harvested for further analysis, if required. The on-line dynamic measurement allows the calculation of LC50 as a function of exposure time. LC50 was shown to decrease with time in HL60 cells. The dynamics of this process was considerably different for the three compounds sodium dodecyl sulfate, tamoxifen, and diclofenac, indicating a large potential of application of this method for cell death studies. The assay system can be applied to almost any cell-based systems with little adaptation. The assay is robust, flexible, and applicable for medium- to high-throughput systems requiring only minimal handling and no additional agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L Bolton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612-7231, USA
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