1
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Fortis SP, Batrinou A, Georgatzakou HT, Tsamesidis I, Alvanidis G, Papageorgiou EG, Stamoulis K, Gkiliopoulos D, Pouroutzidou GK, Theocharidou A, Kontonasaki E, Kriebardis AG. Effect of silica-based mesoporous nanomaterials on human blood cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110784. [PMID: 37939894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Different mesoporous nanomaterials (MSNs) are constantly being developed for a range of therapeutic purposes, but they invariably interact with blood components and may cause hazardous side effects. Therefore, when designing and developing nanoparticles for biomedical applications, hemocompatibility should be one of the primary goals to assess their toxicity at the cellular level of all blood components. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of human blood cells (erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes) after exposure to silica-based mesoporous nanomaterials that had been manufactured using the sol-gel method, with Ca and Ce as doping elements. The viability of lymphocytes and monocytes was unaffected by the presence of MSNs at any concentration. However, it was found that all nanomaterials, at all concentrations, reduced the viability of granulocytes. P-selectin expression of all MSNs at all concentrations was statistically significantly higher in platelet incubation on the first day of storage (day 1) compared to the control. When incubated with MSNs, preserved platelets displayed higher levels of iROS at all MSNs types and concentrations examined. Ce-containing MSNs presented a slightly better hemocompatibility, although it was also dose dependent. Further research is required to determine how the unique characteristics of MSNs may affect various blood components in order to design safe and effective MSNs for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios P Fortis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Anthimia Batrinou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243, Egaleo, Greece
| | - Hara T Georgatzakou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigorios Alvanidis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Effie G Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Gkiliopoulos
- Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia K Pouroutzidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Theocharidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Anastasios G Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece.
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2
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Bellomo C, Pavan C, Fiore G, Escolano-Casado G, Mino L, Turci F. Top-Down Preparation of Nanoquartz for Toxicological Investigations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15425. [PMID: 36499757 PMCID: PMC9738116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to quartz dust is associated with fatal diseases. Quartz dusts generated by mechanical fracturing are characterized by a broad range of micrometric to nanometric particles. The contribution of this nanometric fraction to the overall toxicity of quartz is still largely unexplored, primarily because of the strong electrostatic adhesion forces that prevent isolation of the nanofraction. Furthermore, fractured silica dust exhibits special surface features, namely nearly free silanols (NFS), which impart a membranolytic activity to quartz. Nanoquartz can be synthetized via bottom-up methods, but the surface chemistry of such crystals strongly differs from that of nanoparticles resulting from fracturing. Here, we report a top-down milling procedure to obtain a nanometric quartz that shares the key surface properties relevant to toxicity with fractured quartz. The ball milling was optimized by coupling the dry and wet milling steps, using water as a dispersing agent, and varying the milling times and rotational speeds. Nanoquartz with a strong tendency to form submicrometric agglomerates was obtained. The deagglomeration with surfactants or simulated body fluids was negligible. Partial lattice amorphization and a bimodal crystallite domain size were observed. A moderate membranolytic activity, which correlated with the number of NFS, signaled coherence with the previous toxicological data. A membranolytic nanoquartz for toxicological investigations was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Pavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Fiore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Guillermo Escolano-Casado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Turci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
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3
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Anosov A, Astanina P, Proskuryakov I, Koplak O, Morgunov R. Surface and Structure of Phosphatidylcholine Membranes Reconstructed with CoFe 2O 4 Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14517-14526. [PMID: 36383134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Structural changes in phosphatidylcholine lipid membranes caused by the introduction of insoluble CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) are analyzed. Changes in nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, infrared spectrum, and ionic conductivity of membranes are observed with the addition of NPs. The presence of NPs in membranes is proved by atomic force and magnetic force microscopy. Structural changes in the membranes in the vicinity of the lipid C-O bonds caused by NPs are observed by Scanning near-field optical microscopy. Analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra allowed us to identify the affected atomic groups in the membrane surface layers. Conductivity measurements of the bilayer membranes were performed in DC as well as in time-resolved modes. Hydrophobic NPs stimulate surface distortion and creation of pores, which depending on NP concentration leads to an increase in the ionic conductivity of membranes. Concentration dependence demonstrating percolation threshold was analyzed in the frame of the fractal theory approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Anosov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Astanina
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Proskuryakov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Koplak
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Morgunov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Pavan C, Sydor MJ, Bellomo C, Leinardi R, Cananà S, Kendall RL, Rebba E, Corno M, Ugliengo P, Mino L, Holian A, Turci F. Molecular recognition between membrane epitopes and nearly free surface silanols explains silica membranolytic activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112625. [PMID: 35738078 PMCID: PMC10796170 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled crystalline silica causes inflammatory lung diseases, but the mechanism for its unique activity compared to other oxides remains unclear, preventing the development of potential therapeutics. Here, the molecular recognition mechanism between membrane epitopes and "nearly free silanols" (NFS), a specific subgroup of surface silanols, is identified and proposed as a novel broad explanation for particle toxicity in general. Silica samples having different bulk and surface properties, specifically different amounts of NFS, are tested with a set of membrane systems of decreasing molecular complexity and different charge. The results demonstrate that NFS content is the primary determinant of membrane disruption causing red blood cell lysis and changes in lipid order in zwitterionic, but not in negatively charged liposomes. NFS-rich silica strongly and irreversibly adsorbs zwitterionic self-assembled phospholipid structures. This selective interaction is corroborated by density functional theory and supports the hypothesis that NFS recognize membrane epitopes that exhibit a positive quaternary amino and negative phosphate group. These new findings define a new paradigm for deciphering particle-biomembrane interactions that will support safer design of materials and what types of treatments might interrupt particle-biomembrane interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Italy; Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
| | - Matthew J Sydor
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, United States.
| | - Chiara Bellomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Leinardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Italy; Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
| | - Stefania Cananà
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Rebekah L Kendall
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, United States.
| | - Erica Rebba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Marta Corno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Piero Ugliengo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Mino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, United States.
| | - Francesco Turci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Italy.
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5
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Chen Z, Yang B, Yan Z, Song E, Song Y. Eryptosis is an indicator of hematotoxicity in the risk assessment of environmental amorphous silica nanoparticles exposure: The role of macromolecule corona. Toxicol Lett 2022; 367:40-47. [PMID: 35870742 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) have been widely manufactured for various applications and unintentionally generated in various industrial processes. SiO2 NPs exposure is potentially hazardous to human health. Incremental evidence has indicated the presence of SiO2 NPs in systemic circulation, which warranted their interaction with blood components. Due to the obvious weakness of hemolysis in the risk assessment of environmental NPs, we for the first time use eryptosis as a sensitive indicator to assess the hematotoxicity of SiO2 NPs. In vitro results showed that the exposure of erythrocytes to pristine SiO2 NPs resulted in typical features of eryptosis, including oxidative stress, calcium influx, phosphatidylserine externalization and hemolysis. However, SiO2 NPs covered with mouse plasma (SiO2@MP) or grafted with polyvinylpyrrolidone (SiO2@PVP) did not stimulate eryptosis. Interestingly, neither bare nor macromolecule-decolorated SiO2 NPs caused eryptosis in our in vivo mouse model, highlighting the protective role of coronal proteins on the amelioration of SiO2 NPs-induced hematotoxicity. These results emphasized the influences of surface modification on the toxicity of environmental NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangde Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ziyi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China.
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6
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Yuan S, Wei Y, Wang X, Liu S, Zhang H, Yuan S. Mechanistic study of the adsorption and penetration of modified SiO 2 nanoparticles on cellular membrane. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133793. [PMID: 35101426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and have been proved to be harmful to human by bioaccumulation. The bioaccumulation of SiO2 NPs begins with their partitioning into membrane phospholipids. However, the uptake of SiO2 particle onto lipid bilayers has been not completely understood. In this study, the uptake process of different modified SiO2 particles (with adsorbed trace gas molecules, including formic acid (FA), methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), and methacrolein (MAC)) into DPPC bilayers were investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Results suggest that after the SiO2 particle absorbed on the surface of bilayers, it spun by itself to form the most stable adsorption configurations. MAC and MVK molecule tend to be absorbed into DPPC bilayer while FA molecule was more likely located at the surface region of bilayer from the viewpoint of thermodynamics. Besides, it was also found apart from the commonly accepted "Trojan-horse" effect, SiO2 NPs may increase biohazard via modulating the concentration of pollutants. This work is beneficial for understanding the toxicity and bioaccumulation of FA, MVK, MAC, and SiO2 NPs at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shideng Yuan
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, PR China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Shasha Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Shiling Yuan
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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7
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Yuan S, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Yuan S. Molecular insights into the uptake of SiO 2 nanoparticles on phospholipid membrane: Effect of surface properties and particle size. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112250. [PMID: 34861541 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention due to the potential for a wide range of applications and they have been confirmed to be hazardous to humans. Partitioning to phospholipid bilayers is an important way for their bioaccumulation. However, the detailed mechanism of SiO2 NPs uptake by membrane phospholipids remains uncertain. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to study the uptake process of SiO2 NPs into DPPC bilayers. Results show that these SiO2 NPs uptake onto DPPC bilayer surface is favorable from the viewpoint of thermodynamics. During the uptake process, the SiO2 NP needed to adjust the angle of interaction with the DPPC surface until the most stable adsorption configuration was reached. After incorporating into DPPC bilayers, the interaction between PO4- group and SiO2 particle is stronger than -N+(CH3)3 group and SiO2. Small SiO2 NP was found to adsorb to the surface of DPPC bilayer without disturbing the morphology or membrane. In contract, bioaccumulation of large SiO2 NP to DPPC induced a strong local membrane deformation. In addition, the effect of SiO2 NP surface functionalization on its interaction with DPPC was also investigated. This molecular-level study reports a complete description of the interaction between SiO2 NPs and DPPC bilayer, aiming to provide some insights for the further work on the bioaccumulation and hemolytic activity of SiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shideng Yuan
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hengming Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shiling Yuan
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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8
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Linklater DP, Baulin VA, Le Guével X, Fleury JB, Hanssen E, Nguyen THP, Juodkazis S, Bryant G, Crawford RJ, Stoodley P, Ivanova EP. Antibacterial Action of Nanoparticles by Lethal Stretching of Bacterial Cell Membranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2005679. [PMID: 33179362 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is commonly accepted that nanoparticles (NPs) can kill bacteria; however, the mechanism of antimicrobial action remains obscure for large NPs that cannot translocate the bacterial cell wall. It is demonstrated that the increase in membrane tension caused by the adsorption of NPs is responsible for mechanical deformation, leading to cell rupture and death. A biophysical model of the NP-membrane interactions is presented which suggests that adsorbed NPs cause membrane stretching and squeezing. This general phenomenon is demonstrated experimentally using both model membranes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, representing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic quasi-spherical and star-shaped gold (Au)NPs are synthesized to explore the antibacterial mechanism of non-translocating AuNPs. Direct observation of nanoparticle-induced membrane tension and squeezing is demonstrated using a custom-designed microfluidic device, which relieves contraction of the model membrane surface area and eventual lipid bilayer collapse. Quasi-spherical nanoparticles exhibit a greater bactericidal action due to a higher interactive affinity, resulting in greater membrane stretching and rupturing, corroborating the theoretical model. Electron microscopy techniques are used to characterize the NP-bacterial-membrane interactions. This combination of experimental and theoretical results confirm the proposed mechanism of membrane-tension-induced (mechanical) killing of bacterial cells by non-translocating NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver P Linklater
- School of Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
- Opical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Vladimir A Baulin
- Department d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 26 Av. dels Paisos Catalans, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Xavier Le Guével
- Insitute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble-Alpes, Allee des Alpes, La Tronche, 38700, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fleury
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, 66123, Germany
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - The Hong Phong Nguyen
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- Opical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Gary Bryant
- School of Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, 716 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS), National Biofilm Innovation Centre (NBIC), Mechanical Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1Bj, UK
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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9
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Scheffer FR, Silveira CP, Morais J, Bettini J, Cardoso MB. Tailoring Pseudo-Zwitterionic Bifunctionalized Silica Nanoparticles: From Colloidal Stability to Biological Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10756-10763. [PMID: 32787025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic molecules are known to resist nonspecific protein adsorption and have been proposed as an alternative to the widely used polyethylene glycol. Recently, zwitterionic-like nanoparticles were created from the coimmobilization of positive and negative ligands, resulting in surfaces that also prevent protein corona formation while keeping available sites for bioconjugation. However, it is unclear if they are able to keep their original properties when immersed in biological environments while retaining a toxicity-free profile, indispensable features before considering these structures for clinics. Herein, we obtained optimized zwitterionic-like silica nanoparticles from the functionalization with varying ratios of THPMP and DETAPTMS organosilanes and investigated their behavior in realistic biological milieu. The generated zwitterionic-like particle was able to resist single-protein adsorption, while the interaction with a myriad of serum proteins led to significant loss of colloidal stability. Moreover, the zwitterionic particles presented poor hemocompatibility, causing considerable disruption of red blood cells. Our findings suggest that the exposure of ionic groups allows these structures to directly engage with the environment and that electrostatic neutrality is not enough to grant low-fouling and stealth properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Ramos Scheffer
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Quı́mica (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Pedroso Silveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonder Morais
- Instituto de Fı́sica (IF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501-970 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Quı́mica (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Canivet L, Denayer FO, Dubot P, Garçon G, Lo Guidice JM. Toxicity of iron nanoparticles towards primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:203-215. [PMID: 32767597 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a public health issue and the toxicity of ambient particulate matter (PM) is well-recognized. Although it does not mostly contribute to the total mass of PM, increasing evidence indicates that the ultrafine fraction has generally a greater toxicity than the others do. A better knowledge of the underlying mechanisms involved in the pathological disorders related to nanoparticles (NPs) remains essential. Hence, the goal of this study was to determine better whether the exposure to a relatively low dose of well-characterized iron-rich NPs (Fe-NPs) might alter some critical toxicological endpoints in a relevant primary culture model of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). We sought to use Fe-NPs representative of those frequently found in the industrial smokes of metallurgical industries. After having noticed the effective internalization of Fe-NPs, oxidative, inflammatory, DNA repair, and apoptotic endpoints were investigated within HBECs, mainly through transcriptional screening. Taken together, these results revealed that, despite it only produced relatively low levels of reactive oxygen species without any significant oxidative damage, low-dose Fe-NPs quickly significantly deregulated the transcription of some target genes closely involved in the proinflammatory response. Although this inflammatory process seemed to stay under control over time in case of this acute scenario of exposure, the future study of its evolution after a scenario of repeated exposure could be very interesting to evaluate the toxicity of Fe-NPs better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Canivet
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Franck-Olivier Denayer
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Dubot
- CNRS UMR 7182, Métaux et céramiques à microstructure contrôlée, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux, Paris Est, Thiais, France
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France
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11
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Li Z, Mu Y, Peng C, Lavin MF, Shao H, Du Z. Understanding the mechanisms of silica nanoparticles for nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1658. [PMID: 32602269 PMCID: PMC7757183 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As a consequence of recent progression in biomedicine and nanotechnology, nanomedicine has emerged rapidly as a new discipline with extensive application of nanomaterials in biology, medicine, and pharmacology. Among the various nanomaterials, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are particularly promising in nanomedicine applications due to their large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, facile surface modification, and excellent biocompatibility. This paper reviews the synthesis of SNPs and their recent usage in drug delivery, biomedical imaging, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, and other applications. In addition, the possible adverse effects of SNPs in nanomedicine applications are reviewed from reported in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, the potential opportunities and challenges for the future use of SNPs are discussed. This article is categorized under:Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Li
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yingwen Mu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin F Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hua Shao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongjun Du
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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12
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Zhang K, Li J, Wang Y, Mu Y, Sun X, Su C, Dong Y, Pang J, Huang L, Chen X, Feng C. Hydroxybutyl chitosan/diatom-biosilica composite sponge for hemorrhage control. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:116051. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Tsamesidis I, Pouroutzidou GK, Lymperaki E, Kazeli K, Lioutas CB, Christodoulou E, Perio P, Reybier K, Pantaleo A, Kontonasaki E. Effect of ion doping in silica-based nanoparticles on the hemolytic and oxidative activity in contact with human erythrocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 318:108974. [PMID: 32032594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was the synthesis of ion doped silica-based nanoparticles and the evaluation of their toxic effect on erythrocytes. MATERIALS & METHODS Their synthesis was performed using the sol-gel method, by the progressive addition of calcium, magnesium and copper ions on pure silica nanoparticles. The toxicity evaluation was based on hemolysis, lipid peroxidation, ROS, H2O2 species and antioxidant enzyme production. RESULTS The addition of Mg and Cu in the SNs presented better hemocompatibility by protecting erythrocytes from oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Ion doping with magnesium in the investigated calcium silicate system induces a protective effect in erythrocyte membrane in compare with pure silica nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy; Pharmadev, UMR 152, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, 31400, France.
| | - Georgia K Pouroutzidou
- School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Lymperaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University (ex-Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki), Greece
| | - Konstantina Kazeli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University (ex-Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki), Greece
| | - Christos B Lioutas
- School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evi Christodoulou
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pierre Perio
- Pharmadev, UMR 152, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, 31400, France
| | - Karine Reybier
- Pharmadev, UMR 152, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, 31400, France
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
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14
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Rubio L, Pyrgiotakis G, Beltran-Huarac J, Zhang Y, Gaurav J, Deloid G, Spyrogianni A, Sarosiek KA, Bello D, Demokritou P. Safer-by-design flame-sprayed silicon dioxide nanoparticles: the role of silanol content on ROS generation, surface activity and cytotoxicity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:40. [PMID: 31665028 PMCID: PMC6819463 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) have been regarded as relatively benign nanomaterials, however, this widely held opinion has been questioned in recent years by several reports on in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Surface chemistry, more specifically the surface silanol content, has been identified as an important toxicity modulator for SiO2 NPs. Here, quantitative relationships between the silanol content on SiO2 NPs, free radical generation and toxicity have been identified, with the purpose of synthesizing safer-by-design fumed silica nanoparticles. RESULTS Consistent and statistically significant trends were seen between the total silanol content, cell membrane damage, and cell viability, but not with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), in the macrophages RAW264.7. SiO2 NPs with lower total silanol content exhibited larger adverse cellular effects. The SAEC epithelial cell line did not show any sign of toxicity by any of the nanoparticles. Free radical generation and surface reactivity of these nanoparticles were also influenced by the temperature of combustion and total silanol content. CONCLUSION Surface silanol content plays an important role in cellular toxicity and surface reactivity, although it might not be the sole factor influencing fumed silica NP toxicity. It was demonstrated that synthesis conditions for SiO2 NPs influence the type and quantity of free radicals, oxidative stress, nanoparticle interaction with the biological milieu they come in contact with, and determine the specific mechanisms of toxicity. We demonstrate here that it is possible to produce much less toxic fumed silicas by modulating the synthesis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rubio
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Juan Beltran-Huarac
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yipei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Joshi Gaurav
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Glen Deloid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anastasia Spyrogianni
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kristopher A Sarosiek
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dhimiter Bello
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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15
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Gualtieri AF, Lusvardi G, Pedone A, Di Giuseppe D, Zoboli A, Mucci A, Zambon A, Filaferro M, Vitale G, Benassi M, Avallone R, Pasquali L, Lassinantti Gualtieri M. Structure Model and Toxicity of the Product of Biodissolution of Chrysotile Asbestos in the Lungs. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2063-2077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro F. Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gigliola Lusvardi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Pedone
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Di Giuseppe
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zoboli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Adele Mucci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Zambon
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Monica Filaferro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neuro-Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Monia Benassi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neuro-Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Avallone
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Magdalena Lassinantti Gualtieri
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, I-41125 Modena, Italy
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16
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Affonso de Oliveira JF, Scheffer FR, Landis RF, Teixeira Neto É, Rotello VM, Cardoso MB. Dual Functionalization of Nanoparticles for Generating Corona-Free and Noncytotoxic Silica Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41917-41923. [PMID: 30426737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein coronas form on the surfaces of nanomaterials in biological fluids. This layer of proteins affects the properties of nanomaterials, altering their behavior and masking engineered functionality. The use of nonfouling moieties reduces or prevents corona formation; however, these ligands typically complicate functionalization. We present here a surface modification strategy for silica nanoparticles using specific molar ratios of zwitterionic and amine moieties. Through proper balance of ligands, we were able to generate particles that featured reactive "handles", while retaining nonfouling properties, high hemocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Fernanda Affonso de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6192 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6154 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 710 North Pleasant Street , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Francine Ramos Scheffer
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6192 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6154 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ryan F Landis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 710 North Pleasant Street , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Érico Teixeira Neto
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6192 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 710 North Pleasant Street , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6192 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , CEP 13083-970 , Caixa Postal, 6154 Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
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17
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Gold-carbon nanoparticles mediated delivery of BSA: Remarkable robustness and hemocompatibility. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Applications of rice protein in nanomaterials synthesis, nanocolloids of rice protein, and bioapplicability. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:394-404. [PMID: 30144545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rice protein conjugated nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized by using anionic and cationic forms of rice protein. Both forms showed unique characteristic features when used in in situ reaction conditions for synthesizing the protein stabilized gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). Au NPs synthesis was highly facilitated than Ag NPs synthesis while the reverse was true when rice protein was simply used in the basic medium. Photophysical behavior clearly showed the contributions of both electrostatic and non-electrostatic interactions driving the rice protein surface adsorption on nanometallic surfaces. Rice protein conjugated NPs were easily transferred and extracted into the organic phase while the extraction process was related to the amount of protein coating. Under the controlled pH reaction conditions, rice protein - dye colored NPs were synthesized which were further characterized by the DLS and SDS Page analysis. Both rice protein conjugated Au/Ag NPs and rice protein NPs showed remarkable biocompatibility with blood cells. These NPs demonstrated their excellent ability to selectively extract protein fractions from complex biological fluid like serum. The results proposed significant applications of rice protein conjugated NPs in biological systems as well as bio-nanotechnology.
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19
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Li J, Han J, Sun Q, Wang Y, Mu Y, Zhang K, Dou X, Kong M, Chen X, Feng C. Biosynthetic calcium-doped biosilica with multiple hemostatic properties for hemorrhage control. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7834-7841. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00667a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable and environmentally friendly biomineralization strategy was developed to obtain calcium-doped biosilica with excellent hemostatic properties and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Jichang Han
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture
| | - Qingjie Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Yuzhi Mu
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Kaichao Zhang
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Dou
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology
| | - Chao Feng
- College of Marine Life Science
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- China
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20
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Sanchez A, Alvarez JL, Demydenko K, Jung C, Alpizar YA, Alvarez-Collazo J, Cokic SM, Valverde MA, Hoet PH, Talavera K. Silica nanoparticles inhibit the cation channel TRPV4 in airway epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:43. [PMID: 29100528 PMCID: PMC5670529 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have numerous beneficial properties and are extensively used in cosmetics and food industries as anti-caking, densifying and hydrophobic agents. However, the increasing exposure levels experienced by the general population and the ability of SiNPs to penetrate cells and tissues have raised concerns about possible toxic effects of this material. Although SiNPs are known to affect the function of the airway epithelium, the molecular targets of these particles remain largely unknown. Given that SiNPs interact with the plasma membrane of epithelial cells we hypothesized that they may affect the function of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a cation-permeable channel that regulates epithelial barrier function. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of SiNPs on the activation of TRPV4 and to determine whether these alter the positive modulatory action of this channel on the ciliary beat frequency in airway epithelial cells. RESULTS Using fluorometric measurements of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) we found that SiNPs inhibit activation of TRPV4 by the synthetic agonist GSK1016790A in cultured human airway epithelial cells 16HBE and in primary cultured mouse tracheobronchial epithelial cells. Inhibition of TRPV4 by SiNPs was confirmed in intracellular Ca2+ imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp experiments performed in HEK293T cells over-expressing this channel. In addition to these effects, SiNPs were found to induce a significant increase in basal [Ca2+]i, but in a TRPV4-independent manner. SiNPs enhanced the activation of the capsaicin receptor TRPV1, demonstrating that these particles have a specific inhibitory action on TRPV4 activation. Finally, we found that SiNPs abrogate the increase in ciliary beat frequency induced by TRPV4 activation in mouse airway epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that SiNPs inhibit TRPV4 activation, and that this effect may impair the positive modulatory action of the stimulation of this channel on the ciliary function in airway epithelial cells. These findings unveil the cation channel TRPV4 as a primary molecular target of SiNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sanchez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio L Alvarez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kateryna Demydenko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Present address: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leuven, KU, Belgium
| | - Carole Jung
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stevan M Cokic
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miguel A Valverde
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter H Hoet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
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21
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Stone V, Miller MR, Clift MJD, Elder A, Mills NL, Møller P, Schins RPF, Vogel U, Kreyling WG, Alstrup Jensen K, Kuhlbusch TAJ, Schwarze PE, Hoet P, Pietroiusti A, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Baeza-Squiban A, Teixeira JP, Tran CL, Cassee FR. Nanomaterials Versus Ambient Ultrafine Particles: An Opportunity to Exchange Toxicology Knowledge. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:106002. [PMID: 29017987 PMCID: PMC5933410 DOI: 10.1289/ehp424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rich body of literature exists that has demonstrated adverse human health effects following exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM), and there is strong support for an important role of ultrafine (nanosized) particles. At present, relatively few human health or epidemiology data exist for engineered nanomaterials (NMs) despite clear parallels in their physicochemical properties and biological actions in in vitro models. OBJECTIVES NMs are available with a range of physicochemical characteristics, which allows a more systematic toxicological analysis. Therefore, the study of ultrafine particles (UFP, <100 nm in diameter) provides an opportunity to identify plausible health effects for NMs, and the study of NMs provides an opportunity to facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of UFP. METHODS A workshop of experts systematically analyzed the available information and identified 19 key lessons that can facilitate knowledge exchange between these discipline areas. DISCUSSION Key lessons range from the availability of specific techniques and standard protocols for physicochemical characterization and toxicology assessment to understanding and defining dose and the molecular mechanisms of toxicity. This review identifies a number of key areas in which additional research prioritization would facilitate both research fields simultaneously. CONCLUSION There is now an opportunity to apply knowledge from NM toxicology and use it to better inform PM health risk research and vice versa. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Stone
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Mark R Miller
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Elder
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Nicholas L Mills
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF Leibniz-Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas A J Kuhlbusch
- Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
- Federal Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Duisburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Hoet
- Center for Environment and Health, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz
- Departmento de Toxicología, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), México City, México
| | | | - João Paulo Teixeira
- National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto–Epidemiology (ISPUP-EPI) Unit, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Murugadoss S, Lison D, Godderis L, Van Den Brule S, Mast J, Brassinne F, Sebaihi N, Hoet PH. Toxicology of silica nanoparticles: an update. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:2967-3010. [PMID: 28573455 PMCID: PMC5562771 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale production and use of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have increased the risk of human exposure to SiNPs, while their health effects remain unclear. In this review, scientific papers from 2010 to 2016 were systematically selected and sorted based on in vitro and in vivo studies: to provide an update on SiNPs toxicity and to address the knowledge gaps indicated in the review of Napierska (Part Fibre Toxicol 7:39, 2010). Toxicity of SiNPs in vitro is size, dose, and cell type dependent. SiNPs synthesized by wet route exhibited noticeably different biological effects compared to thermal route-based SiNPs. Amorphous SiNPs (particularly colloidal and stöber) induced toxicity via mechanisms similar to crystalline silica. In vivo, route of administration and physico-chemical properties of SiNPs influences the toxicokinetics. Adverse effects were mainly observed in acutely exposed animals, while no significant signs of toxicity were noted in chronically dosed animals. The correlation between in vitro and in vivo toxicity remains less well established mainly due to improper-unrealistic-dosing both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, notwithstanding the multiple studies published in recent years, unambiguous linking of physico-chemical properties of SiNPs types to toxicity, bioavailability, or human health effects is not yet possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Murugadoss
- Unit for Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N1, Room: 07.702, box 706, 3000 Louvain, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52/B1.52.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Occupational, Environmental and Insurance Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 block d, box 7001, 3000 Louvain, Belgium
| | - Sybille Van Den Brule
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52/B1.52.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Mast
- EM-unit, Center for Veterinary and Agrochemical Studies and Research (CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg 99, Uccle, 1180 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederic Brassinne
- EM-unit, Center for Veterinary and Agrochemical Studies and Research (CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg 99, Uccle, 1180 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Noham Sebaihi
- General Quality and Safety, Metrology Department, National Standards, North Gate-Office 2A29, Bd du Roi Albert II, 16, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter H. Hoet
- Unit for Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N1, Room: 07.702, box 706, 3000 Louvain, Belgium
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Feng C, Li J, Wu GS, Mu YZ, Kong M, Jiang CQ, Cheng XJ, Liu Y, Chen XG. Chitosan-Coated Diatom Silica as Hemostatic Agent for Hemorrhage Control. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34234-34243. [PMID: 27998147 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled hemorrhage leads to high death risk both in military and civilian trauma. Current hemostatic agents still have various limitations and side effects. In this study, natural diatom silica obtained from diatomite and diatom culture was purified and developed for hemorrhage control. To improve the biocompatibility and hemostatic performance of diatom silica, a series of chitosan-coated diatom (CS-diatom) was developed. The composition of CS-diatom prepared was optimized by in vitro hemocompatibility and blood coagulation evaluation for that prepared with 0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% chitosan. The results demonstrated that the CS-diatom prepared with 1% chitosan exhibited favorable biocompatibility (hemolysis ratio < 5%, no cytotoxicity to MEFs), great fluid absorbility (24.39 ± 1.53 times the weight of liquid), and desirable hemostasis effect (351 ± 14.73 s at 5 mg/mL, 248 ± 32.42s at 10 mg/mL). Further blood coagulation mechanism study indicated that CS-diatom could provide an ideal interface to induce erythrocyte absorption and aggregation, along with activating the intrinsic coagulation pathway and thus accelerated blood coagulation. Benefitting from the multiple hemostatic performances, CS-diatom showed the shortest clotting time (98.34 ± 26.54 s) and lowest blood loss (0.31 ± 0.11 g) in rat-tail amputation model compare to diatomite and diatom as well as gauze and commercial QuikClot zeolite. The results evidenced that the CS-diatom was a safe and effective hemostatic agent and provided a new understanding of nonsynthetic mesoporous materials for hemorrhage control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Feng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang Sheng Wu
- Qingdao First Sanatorium, Jinan Military Region , 27# West Hong Kong Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Zhi Mu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Qing Jiang
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital , 5# East Sea Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Jie Cheng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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Kettiger H, Québatte G, Perrone B, Huwyler J. Interactions between silica nanoparticles and phospholipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2163-2170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Interaction of SiO2 nanoparticles with neuronal cells: Ionic mechanisms involved in the perturbation of calcium homeostasis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Catalano F, Accomasso L, Alberto G, Gallina C, Raimondo S, Geuna S, Giachino C, Martra G. Factors Ruling the Uptake of Silica Nanoparticles by Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Agglomeration Versus Dispersions, Absence Versus Presence of Serum Proteins. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:2919-2928. [PMID: 25689227 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The results of a systematic investigation of the role of serum proteins on the interaction of silica nanoparticles (NP) doped in their bulk with fluorescent molecules (IRIS Dots, 50 nm in size), with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are reported. The suspension of IRIS Dots in bare Dulbecco-modified Eagle's medium results in the formation of large agglomerates (≈1.5 μm, by dynamic light scattering), which become progressively smaller, down to ≈300 nm in size, by progressively increasing the fetal bovine serum (FBS) content of the solutions along the series 1.0%, 2.5%, 6.0%, and 10.0% v/v. Such difference in NP dispersion is maintained in the external cellular microenvironment, as observed by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. As a consequence of the limited diffusion of proteins in the inter-NP spaces, the surface of NP agglomerates is coated by a protein corona independently of the agglomerate size/FBS concentration conditions (ζ-potential and UV circular dichroism measurements). The protein corona appears not to be particularly relevant for the uptake of IRIS Dots by hMSCs, whereas the main role in determining the internalization rate is played by the absence/presence of serum proteins in the extracellular media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Catalano
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre of Excellence "Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces - NIS," University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Lisa Accomasso
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Alberto
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre of Excellence "Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces - NIS," University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Clara Gallina
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gianmario Martra
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre of Excellence "Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces - NIS," University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
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Machado K, Mukhopadhyay S, Mishra GS. Nanoparticles silica anchored Cu(II) and V(IV) scorpionate complexes for selective catalysis of cyclohexane oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Wei X, Jiang W, Yu J, Ding L, Hu J, Jiang G. Effects of SiO2 nanoparticles on phospholipid membrane integrity and fluidity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 287:217-224. [PMID: 25661168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used nanomaterials and reported to have pathogenicity. Effects of five different SiO2 NPs on the membrane integrity and fluidity were studied using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) as model cell membranes. GUVs were made from 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) by gentle hydration method, and adjusted to be positively- or negatively-charged by adding charged lipids into vesicles. SiO2 NPs caused more serious damage to oppositely-charged membrane because electrostatic attraction favored the hydrogen bonding to the phospholipids. Increase in NP exposure dose/time and NP sedimentation process aggravated the membrane damage. The membrane phases were evaluated applying the fluorescent probe Laurdan and the calculated generalized polarization (GP) values. Anionic SiO2 NPs increased the GP value and induced membrane gelation. Cationic SiO2 NPs did not change the phase of positively-charged GUV and pure DOPC vesicles, but induced the gelation of negatively-charged GUV. Break of membrane integrity and change in membrane phase are possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity because cellular physiological activities require a separated intracellular environment and a fluid membrane phase to support proteins and regulate molecular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Wei
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Junchao Yu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingtian Hu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Beddoes CM, Case CP, Briscoe WH. Understanding nanoparticle cellular entry: A physicochemical perspective. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 218:48-68. [PMID: 25708746 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) with biological matter, particularly cells, is becoming increasingly important due to their growing application in medicine and materials, and consequent biological and environmental exposure. For NPs to be utilised to their full potential, it is important to correlate their functional characteristics with their physical properties, which may also be used to predict any adverse cellular responses. A key mechanism for NPs to impart toxicity is to gain cellular entry directly. Many parameters affect the behaviour of nanomaterials in a cellular environment particularly their interactions with cell membranes, including their size, shape and surface chemistry as well as factors such as the cell type, location and external environment (e.g. other surrounding materials, temperature, pH and pressure). Aside from in vitro and in vivo experiments, model cell membrane systems have been used in both computer simulations and physicochemical experiments to elucidate the mechanisms for NP cellular entry. Here we present a brief overview of the effects of NPs physical parameters on their cellular uptake, with focuses on 1) related research using model membrane systems and physicochemical methodologies; and 2) proposed physical mechanisms for NP cellular entrance, with implications to their nanotoxicity. We conclude with a suggestion that the energetic process of NP cellular entry can be evaluated by studying the effects of NPs on lipid mesophase transitions, as the molecular deformations and thus the elastic energy cost are analogous between such transitions and endocytosis. This presents an opportunity for contributions to understanding nanotoxicity from a physicochemical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Beddoes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK; Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information, University of Bristol, UK
| | - C Patrick Case
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Wuge H Briscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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Chen LQ, Fang L, Ling J, Ding CZ, Kang B, Huang CZ. Nanotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to red blood cells: size dependent adsorption, uptake, and hemolytic activity. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:501-9. [PMID: 25602487 DOI: 10.1021/tx500479m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly being used as antimicrobial agents and drug carriers in biomedical fields. However, toxicological information on their effects on red blood cells (RBCs) and the mechanisms involved remain sparse. In this article, we examined the size dependent nanotoxicity of AgNPs using three different characteristic sizes of 15 nm (AgNPs15), 50 nm (AgNPs50), and 100 nm (AgNPs100) against fish RBCs. Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations showed that AgNPs exhibited a size effect on their adsorption and uptake by RBCs. The middle sized AgNPs50, compared with the smaller or bigger ones, showed the highest level of adsorption and uptake by the RBCs, suggesting an optimal size of ∼50 nm for passive uptake by RBCs. The toxic effects determined based on the hemolysis, membrane injury, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme production were fairly size and dose dependent. In particular, the smallest sized AgNPs15 displayed a greater ability to induce hemolysis and membrane damage than AgNPs50 and AgNPs100. Such cytotoxicity induced by AgNPs should be attributed to the direct interaction of the nanoparticle with the RBCs, resulting in the production of oxidative stress, membrane injury, and subsequently hemolysis. Overall, the results suggest that particle size is a critical factor influencing the interaction between AgNPs and the RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiang Chen
- Asian International Rivers Center, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-boundary Eco-Security, and ‡College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University , Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
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31
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Lison D, Vietti G, van den Brule S. Paracelsus in nanotoxicology. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:35. [PMID: 25138533 PMCID: PMC4354280 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Giulia Vietti
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium.
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Drašler B, Drobne D, Novak S, Valant J, Boljte S, Otrin L, Rappolt M, Sartori B, Iglič A, Kralj-Iglič V, Šuštar V, Makovec D, Gyergyek S, Hočevar M, Godec M, Zupanc J. Effects of magnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles on biological and artificial lipid membranes. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:1559-81. [PMID: 24741305 PMCID: PMC3970951 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s57671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this work is to provide experimental evidence on the interactions of suspended nanoparticles with artificial or biological membranes and to assess the possibility of suspended nanoparticles interacting with the lipid component of biological membranes. Methods 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) lipid vesicles and human red blood cells were incubated in suspensions of magnetic bare cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) or citric acid (CA)-adsorbed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles dispersed in phosphate-buffered saline and glucose solution. The stability of POPC giant unilamellar vesicles after incubation in the tested nanoparticle suspensions was assessed by phase-contrast light microscopy and analyzed with computer-aided imaging. Structural changes in the POPC multilamellar vesicles were assessed by small angle X-ray scattering, and the shape transformation of red blood cells after incubation in tested suspensions of nanoparticles was observed using scanning electron microscopy and sedimentation, agglutination, and hemolysis assays. Results Artificial lipid membranes were disturbed more by CA-adsorbed CoFe2O4 nanoparticle suspensions than by bare CoFe2O4 nanoparticle suspensions. CA-adsorbed CoFe2O4-CA nanoparticles caused more significant shape transformation in red blood cells than bare CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. Conclusion Consistent with their smaller sized agglomerates, CA-adsorbed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles demonstrate more pronounced effects on artificial and biological membranes. Larger agglomerates of nanoparticles were confirmed to be reactive against lipid membranes and thus not acceptable for use with red blood cells. This finding is significant with respect to the efficient and safe application of nanoparticles as medicinal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Drašler
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Centre of Excellence in Advanced Materials and Technologies for the Future, Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sara Novak
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Valant
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sabina Boljte
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Institute of Microbial Sciences and Technologies, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lado Otrin
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michael Rappolt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Basovizza, Italy ; School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vid Šuštar
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darko Makovec
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Institute Jožef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Matej Hočevar
- Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Godec
- Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Zupanc
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Ma Z, Bai J, Wang Y, Jiang X. Impact of shape and pore size of mesoporous silica nanoparticles on serum protein adsorption and RBCs hemolysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2431-2438. [PMID: 24460090 DOI: 10.1021/am404860q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with numerous forms and structures have been synthesized and extensively applied in biomedicine in the past decades. However, our knowledge about the biocompatibility of the developed MSNs has not matched their development. Therefore, in this work, we have synthesized sphere-shaped MSNs with different pore scales (s-SPs and l-SPs) and rod-shape (RPs-3) MSNs to evaluate the influence of the morphology and pore size on their interaction with serum proteins and red blood cells (RBCs). The adsorption of human albumin (HSA), globulin (HGG), and fibrinogen (HSF) onto different kinds of MSNs has been analyzed by pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the conformational changes of the adsorbed proteins have been studied by FTIR spectroscopy. We find that the conformation of absorbed HSA and HSF, while not HGG, will be affected by the pore size and morphology of the MSNs. The conformational changes of the adsorbed proteins will further affect their saturated adsorption capacity. However, the initial adsorption rate is only determined by the property of MSNs and proteins. Additional hemolysis assay shows that the pore size and morphology of the MSNs will also affect their hemolytic activity in RBCs which will be extremely depressed by the formation of protein corona. These systematic studies will provide an overall understanding in the blood compatibility of MSNs as well as useful guidelines for fabrication of blood-compatible nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science , Changchun, Jilin, 130022, People's Republic of China
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Leroy P, Devau N, Revil A, Bizi M. Influence of surface conductivity on the apparent zeta potential of amorphous silica nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 410:81-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pavan C, Tomatis M, Ghiazza M, Rabolli V, Bolis V, Lison D, Fubini B. In search of the chemical basis of the hemolytic potential of silicas. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1188-98. [PMID: 23819533 DOI: 10.1021/tx400105f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The membranolytic activity of silica particles toward red blood cells (RBCs) has been known for a long time and is sometimes associated with silica pathogenicity. However, the molecular mechanism and the reasons why hemolysis differs according to the silica form are still obscure. A panel of 15 crystalline (pure and commercial) and amorphous (pyrogenic, precipitated from aqueous solutions, vitreous) silica samples differing in size, origin, morphology, and surface chemical composition were selected and specifically prepared. Silica particles were grouped into six groups to compare their potential in disrupting RBC membranes so that one single property differed in each group, while other features were constant. Free radical production and crystallinity were not strict determinants of hemolytic activity. Particle curvature and morphology modulated the hemolytic effect, but silanols and siloxane bridges at the surface were the main actors. Hemolysis was unrelated to the overall concentration of silanols as fully rehydrated surfaces (such as those obtained from aqueous solution) were inert, and one pyrogenic silica also lost its membranolytic potential upon progressive dehydration. Overall results are consistent with a model whereby hemolysis is determined by a defined surface distribution of dissociated/undissociated silanols and siloxane groups strongly interacting with specific epitopes on the RBC membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pavan
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Center for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Liu R, Rallo R, Weissleder R, Tassa C, Shaw S, Cohen Y. Nano-SAR development for bioactivity of nanoparticles with considerations of decision boundaries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:1842-1852. [PMID: 23423856 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of classification nano-structure-activity Relationships (nano-SARs) of nanoparticle (NP) bioactivity is presented with the aim of demonstrating the integration of multiparametric toxicity/bioactivity assays to arrive at statistically meaningful class definitions (i.e., bioactivity/inactivity endpoints), as well as the implications of nano-SAR applicability domains and decision boundaries. Nano-SARs are constructed based on a dataset of 44 iron oxide core nanoparticles (NPs), used in molecular imaging and nano-sensing, containing bioactivity profiles for four cell types and four different assays. Class definitions are developed on the basis of 'hit' (i.e., significant bioactivity) identification analysis and self-organizing map based consensus clustering; these class definitions enable construction of nano-SARs of a high classification accuracy (>78%) with different NP descriptor combinations that include primary size, spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxivities, and zeta potentials. Analysis of the nano-SAR performance for different class definitions suggests that H4 (i.e., class with at least four hits) is a reasonable endpoint (from a 'regulatory' viewpoint) for keeping the level of false negatives (i.e., incorrect labeling of bioactive NPs as inactive) low. The establishment of a quantitative nano-SAR applicability domain is demonstrated, making use of a probability density with the H4 class definition and naive Bayesian classifier (NBC) model (with spin-lattice relaxivity and zeta potential as descriptors). Decision boundaries are determined for the above H4/NBC nano-SAR for different acceptance levels of false negative to false positive predictions, illustrating a practical approach that may assist in regulatory decision making with a consideration of reducing the likelihood of identifying bioactive NPs as being inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Luyts K, Napierska D, Nemery B, Hoet PHM. How physico-chemical characteristics of nanoparticles cause their toxicity: complex and unresolved interrelations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2013; 15:23-38. [PMID: 24592425 DOI: 10.1039/c2em30237c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of and interest in nanoparticles (NPs) have resulted in an enormous amount of NPs with different compositions and physico-chemical properties. These unique properties not only determine their utility for (bio-medical) applications, but also their toxicity. Recently, "nano-researchers" became aware of the importance of determining the characteristics since they might be predictors of their toxicity. Currently, we face a large set of (non-coordinated) experiments with miscellaneous objectives resulting in a large quantity of available (and often incomplete) data, which hamper the unraveling of the complex interrelated NP characteristics with experimental results. Here, we try to link different critical physico-chemical characteristics separately with toxicity observed in both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Yildirim A, Ozgur E, Bayindir M. Impact of mesoporous silica nanoparticle surface functionality on hemolytic activity, thrombogenicity and non-specific protein adsorption. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1909-1920. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20139b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mu Q, Hondow NS, Krzemiński L, Brown AP, Jeuken LJC, Routledge MN. Mechanism of cellular uptake of genotoxic silica nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol 2012; 9:29. [PMID: 22823932 PMCID: PMC3479067 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-9-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms for cellular uptake of nanoparticles have important implications for nanoparticulate drug delivery and toxicity. We have explored the mechanism of uptake of amorphous silica nanoparticles of 14 nm diameter, which agglomerate in culture medium to hydrodynamic diameters around 500 nm. In HT29, HaCat and A549 cells, cytotoxicity was observed at nanoparticle concentrations ≥ 1 μg/ml, but DNA damage was evident at 0.1 μg/ml and above. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed entry of the silica particles into A549 cells exposed to 10 μg/ml of nanoparticles. The particles were observed in the cytoplasm but not within membrane bound vesicles or in the nucleus. TEM of cells exposed to nanoparticles at 4°C for 30 minutes showed particles enter cells when activity is low, suggesting a passive mode of entry. Plasma lipid membrane models identified physical interactions between the membrane and the silica NPs. Quartz crystal microbalance experiments on tethered bilayer lipid membrane systems show that the nanoparticles strongly bind to lipid membranes, forming an adherent monolayer on the membrane. Leakage assays on large unilamellar vesicles (400 nm diameter) indicate that binding of the silica NPs transiently disrupts the vesicles which rapidly self-seal. We suggest that an adhesive interaction between silica nanoparticles and lipid membranes could cause passive cellular uptake of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Mu
- Centre for Molecular NanoScience (CMNS), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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