1
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Punzalan C, Wang L, Bajrami B, Yao X. Measurement and utilization of the proteomic reactivity by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:166-192. [PMID: 36924435 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical proteomics, which involves studying the covalent modifications of proteins by small molecules, has significantly contributed to our understanding of protein function and has become an essential tool in drug discovery. Mass spectrometry (MS) is the primary method for identifying and quantifying protein-small molecule adducts. In this review, we discuss various methods for measuring proteomic reactivity using MS and covalent proteomics probes that engage through reactivity-driven and proximity-driven mechanisms. We highlight the applications of these methods and probes in live-cell measurements, drug target identification and validation, and characterizing protein-small molecule interactions. We conclude the review with current developments and future opportunities in the field, providing our perspectives on analytical considerations for MS-based analysis of the proteomic reactivity landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clodette Punzalan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- AD Bio US, Takeda, Lexington, Massachusetts, 02421, USA
| | - Bekim Bajrami
- Chemical Biology & Proteomics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Institute for Systems Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Rajczewski A, Ndreu L, Vryonidis E, Hurben AK, Jamshidi S, Griffin TJ, Törnqvist MÅ, Tretyakova NY, Karlsson I. Mass Spectrometry-Based Strategies for Assessing Human Exposure Using Hemoglobin Adductomics. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:2019-2030. [PMID: 37963067 PMCID: PMC10731639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) adducts are widely used in human biomonitoring due to the high abundance of hemoglobin in human blood, its reactivity toward electrophiles, and adducted protein stability for up to 120 days. In the present paper, we compared three methods of analysis of hemoglobin adducts: mass spectrometry of derivatized N-terminal Val adducts, mass spectrometry of N-terminal adducted hemoglobin peptides, and limited proteolysis mass spectrometry . Blood from human donors was incubated with a selection of contact allergens and other electrophiles, after which hemoglobin was isolated and subjected to three analysis methods. We found that the FIRE method was able to detect and reliably quantify N-terminal adducts of acrylamide, acrylic acid, glycidic acid, and 2,3-epoxypropyl phenyl ether (PGE), but it was less efficient for 2-methyleneglutaronitrile (2-MGN) and failed to detect 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). By contrast, bottom-up proteomics was able to determine the presence of adducts from all six electrophiles at both the N-terminus and reactive hemoglobin side chains. Limited proteolysis mass spectrometry, studied for four contact allergens (three electrophiles and a metal salt), was able to determine the presence of covalent hemoglobin adducts with one of the three electrophiles (DNCB) and coordination complexation with the nickel salt. Together, these approaches represent complementary tools in the study of the hemoglobin adductome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
T. Rajczewski
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Lorena Ndreu
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Efstathios Vryonidis
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander K. Hurben
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Sara Jamshidi
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy J. Griffin
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | | | - Natalia Y. Tretyakova
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Isabella Karlsson
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Hasan MN, Ray M, Saha A. Landscape of In Silico Tools for Modeling Covalent Modification of Proteins: A Review on Computational Covalent Drug Discovery. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9663-9684. [PMID: 37921534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Covalent drug discovery has been a challenging research area given the struggle of finding a sweet balance between selectivity and reactivity for these drugs, the lack of which often leads to off-target activities and hence undesirable side effects. However, there has been a resurgence in covalent drug design following the success of several covalent drugs such as boceprevir (2011), ibrutinib (2013), neratinib (2017), dacomitinib (2018), zanubrutinib (2019), and many others. Design of covalent drugs includes many crucial factors, where "evaluation of the binding affinity" and "a detailed mechanistic understanding on covalent inhibition" are at the top of the list. Well-defined experimental techniques are available to elucidate these factors; however, often they are expensive and/or time-consuming and hence not suitable for high throughput screens. Recent developments in in silico methods provide promise in this direction. In this report, we review a set of recent publications that focused on developing and/or implementing novel in silico techniques in "Computational Covalent Drug Discovery (CCDD)". We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches along with what improvements are required to make it a great tool in medicinal chemistry in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin─Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Manisha Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Arjun Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin─Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
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4
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Koo TY, Lai H, Nomura DK, Chung CYS. N-Acryloylindole-alkyne (NAIA) enables imaging and profiling new ligandable cysteines and oxidized thiols by chemoproteomics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3564. [PMID: 37322008 PMCID: PMC10272157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39268-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine has been exploited as the binding site of covalent drugs. Its high sensitivity to oxidation is also important for regulating cellular processes. To identify new ligandable cysteines which can be hotspots for therapy and to better study cysteine oxidations, we develop cysteine-reactive probes, N-acryloylindole-alkynes (NAIAs), which have superior cysteine reactivity owing to delocalization of π electrons of the acrylamide warhead over the whole indole scaffold. This allows NAIAs to probe functional cysteines more effectively than conventional iodoacetamide-alkyne, and to image oxidized thiols by confocal fluorescence microscopy. In mass spectrometry experiments, NAIAs successfully capture new oxidized cysteines, as well as a new pool of ligandable cysteines and proteins. Competitive activity-based protein profiling experiments further demonstrate the ability of NAIA to discover lead compounds targeting these cysteines and proteins. We show the development of NAIAs with activated acrylamide for advancing proteome-wide profiling and imaging ligandable cysteines and oxidized thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Yan Koo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Hinyuk Lai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Clive Yik-Sham Chung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
- Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
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5
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Feng L, Fang J, Zeng X, Liu H, Zhang J, Huang L, Guo Z, Zhuang R, Zhang X. 68Ga-Labeled Maleimide for Blood Pool and Lymph PET Imaging through Covalent Bonding to Serum Albumin In Vivo. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28597-28604. [PMID: 35990434 PMCID: PMC9386703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a novel 68Ga-labeled tracer, which can covalently bind to albumin in vivo based on the maleimide-thiol strategy, and to evaluate its potential applications using positron emission tomography (PET). 68Ga-labeled maleimide-monoamide-DOTA (denoted as [68Ga]Ga-DM) was prepared conveniently with a high radiochemical yield (>90%) and radiochemical purity (>99%). Its molar activity was calculated as 249.60 ± 68.50 GBq/μmol, and the octanol-water partition coefficient (LogP) was -3.15 ± 0.08 with good stabilities. In vitro experiments showed that [68Ga]Ga-DM can bind to albumin efficiently and rapidly, with a binding fraction of over 70%. High uptake and excellent retention in blood were observed with a long half-life (t 1/2Z) of 190.15 ± 24.14 min, which makes it possible for blood pool PET imaging with high contrast. The transient micro-bleeding in the rat model was detected successfully with PET imaging. In addition, the uptakes of [68Ga]Ga-DM in the inflammatory popliteal lymph nodes depend on the severity (5.90% ID/g and 2.32% ID/g vs 1.01% ID/g for healthy lymph nodes at 0.5 h post-injection) indicating its feasibility for lymphatic imaging. In conclusion, a novel 68Ga-labeled tracer was prepared with high efficiency and yield in mild conditions. Based on the promising properties of bonding covalently to albumin, great stability, high blood contrast with a long half-life, and well environmental tolerance, [68Ga]Ga-DM could be developed as a potential tracer for PET imaging of blood pool, bleeding, and vascular permeability alteration diseases in the clinic.
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6
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A modification-centric assessment tool for the performance of chemoproteomic probes. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:904-912. [PMID: 35864333 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemoproteomics has emerged as a key technology to expand the functional space in complex proteomes for probing fundamental biology and for discovering new small-molecule-based therapies. Here we report a modification-centric computational tool termed pChem to provide a streamlined pipeline for unbiased performance assessment of chemoproteomic probes. The pipeline starts with an experimental setting for isotopically coding probe-derived modifications that can be automatically recognized by pChem, with masses accurately calculated and sites precisely localized. pChem exports on-demand reports by scoring the profiling efficiency, modification homogeneity and proteome-wide residue selectivity of a tested probe. The performance and robustness of pChem were benchmarked by applying it to eighteen bioorthogonal probes. These analyses reveal that the formation of unexpected probe-derived modifications can be driven by endogenous reactive metabolites (for example, bioactive aldehydes and glutathione). pChem is a powerful and user-friendly tool that aims to facilitate the development of probes for the ever-growing field of chemoproteomics.
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7
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Guo L, Xiao C, Li J, Lin X, Zhao N, Wang X, Dong L, Guo X. Re-exploring α-Cyano-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid as a Reactive Matrix for Selective Detection of Glutathione via MALDI-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2837-2841. [PMID: 34761928 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we re-explored α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as a reactive matrix for selective and sensitive analysis of glutathione (GSH) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). CHCA efficiently reacted with GSH, and the resulting CHCA-GSH conjugate was readily detected by MALDI-MS without interferences. The detection limit of the CHCA-GSH conjugate decreased to 200 pmol μL-1, which was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of pure GSH.Forapplication, CHCA was successfully applied for the detection of GSH, present in HepG2 cell lysates. The results demonstrated detection advantages of simple, high-throughput, and selective and screening of GSH in biological samples by MALDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lejuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinhua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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8
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Kumar B, Malhotra K, Fuku R, Van Houten J, Qu GY, Piunno PA, Krull UJ. Recent trends in the developments of analytical probes based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Surface Functionalization of PLGA Nanoparticles to Increase Transport across the BBB for Alzheimer’s Disease. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that accounts for about 60% of all diagnosed cases of dementia worldwide. Although there are currently several drugs marketed for its treatment, none are capable of slowing down or stopping the progression of AD. The role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a key role in the design of a successful treatment for this neurodegenerative disease. Nanosized particles have been proposed as suitable drug delivery systems to overcome BBB with the purpose of increasing bioavailability of drugs in the brain. Biodegradable poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) have been particularly regarded as promising drug delivery systems as they can be surface-tailored with functionalized molecules for site-specific targeting. In this review, a thorough discussion about the most recent functionalization strategies based on PLGA-NPs for AD and their mechanisms of action is provided, together with a description of AD pathogenesis and the role of the BBB in brain targeting.
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10
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Kiely-Collins H, Winter GE, Bernardes GJL. The role of reversible and irreversible covalent chemistry in targeted protein degradation. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:952-968. [PMID: 33789091 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that degrade disease-causing proteins by hijacking the endogenous ubiquitin-proteasome system have emerged as an exciting and transformative technology in both chemical biology and drug discovery. Currently, the majority of PROTACs use reversible non-covalent ligands for both the target protein of interest (POI) and E3 ligase. In this review, we explore the burgeoning role of reversible and irreversible covalent chemistry in targeted protein degradation. We highlight the key advantages of targeted covalent inhibitors, whether as the target POI or E3 ligase ligand, such as their ability to enhance the selectivity of PROTACs, enable access to more of the "undruggable" proteome and expand the repertoire of recruited E3 ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kiely-Collins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Georg E Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Universidad de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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11
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O’Brien J, Wendell SG. Electrophile Modulation of Inflammation: A Two-Hit Approach. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110453. [PMID: 33182676 PMCID: PMC7696920 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic small molecules have gained significant attention over the last decade in the field of covalent drug discovery. Long recognized as mediators of the inflammatory process, recent evidence suggests that electrophiles may modulate the immune response through the regulation of metabolic networks. These molecules function as pleiotropic signaling mediators capable of reversibly reacting with nucleophilic biomolecules, most notably at reactive cysteines. More specifically, electrophiles target critical cysteines in redox regulatory proteins to activate protective pathways such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) antioxidant signaling pathway while also inhibiting Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB). During inflammatory states, reactive species broadly alter cell signaling through the oxidation of lipids, amino acids, and nucleic acids, effectively propagating the inflammatory sequence. Subsequent changes in metabolic signaling inform immune cell maturation and effector function. Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory pathologies leverage electrophilic drug compounds, in part, because of their documented effect on the redox balance of the cell. With mounting evidence demonstrating the link between redox signaling and metabolism, electrophiles represent ideal therapeutic candidates for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Through their pleiotropic signaling activity, electrophiles may be used strategically to both directly and indirectly target immune cell metabolism.
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12
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McConnell EW, Smythers AL, Hicks LM. Maleimide-Based Chemical Proteomics for Quantitative Analysis of Cysteine Reactivity. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1697-1705. [PMID: 32573231 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine is the most intrinsically nucleophilic residue in proteins and serves as a mediator against increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) via reversible thiol oxidation. Despite the importance of cysteine oxidation in understanding biological stress response, cysteine sites most reactive toward ROS remain largely unknown and are a major analytical challenge. Herein, a chemical proteomic method to quantify site-specific cysteine reactivity using a maleimide-activated, thiol-reactive probe (N-propargylmaleimide, NPM) is described. Implementation of a gel-based approach via conjugation of rhodamine-azide to NPM-labeled cysteine residues by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry allowed simple and highly sensitive fluorescence profiling. Relative quantification of >1500 unique cysteine sites from greater than 800 proteins was achieved by conjugating dialkoxydiphenylsilane (DADPS) biotin-azide by the CuAAC reaction and subsequently performing biotin-streptavidin affinity purification and mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. Taken together, this work defines a novel role for the NPM probe in chemical proteomics and presents a robust method for determination of cysteine reactivity during oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Amanda L Smythers
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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13
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Henderson CF, Bica I, Long FT, Irwin DD, Stull CH, Baker BW, Suarez Vega V, Taugher ZM, Fletes ED, Bartleson JM, Humphrey ML, Álvarez L, Akiyama M, Kumagai Y, Fukuto JM, Lin J. Cysteine Trisulfide Protects E. coli from Electrophile-Induced Death through the Generation of Cysteine Hydropersulfide. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:678-686. [PMID: 31977195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydropersulfide and polysulfide species have recently been shown to elicit a wide variety of biological and physiological responses. In this study, we examine the effects of cysteine trisulfide (Cys-SSS-Cys; also known as thiocystine) treatment on E. coli. Previous studies in mammalian cells have shown that Cys-SSS-Cys treatment results in protection from the electrophiles. Here, we show that the protective effect of Cys-SSS-Cys treatment against electrophile-induced cell death is conserved in E. coli. This protection correlates with the rapid generation of cysteine hydropersulfide (Cys-SSH) in the culture media. We go on to demonstrate that an exogenous phosphatase expressed in E. coli, containing only a single catalytic cysteine, is protected from electrophile-induced inactivation in the presence of hydropersulfides. These data together demonstrate that E. coli can utilize Cys-SSS-Cys to generate Cys-SSH and that the Cys-SSH can protect cellular thiols from reactivity with the electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F Henderson
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Iris Bica
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Faith T Long
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Drew D Irwin
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Christine H Stull
- Department of Chemistry , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Blaine W Baker
- Department of Chemistry , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Valeria Suarez Vega
- Department of Chemistry , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Zachary M Taugher
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Eliza D Fletes
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Juliet M Bartleson
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Megan L Humphrey
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Lucía Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , INQUIMAE-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Masahiro Akiyama
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8575 , Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8575 , Japan
| | - Jon M Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
| | - Joseph Lin
- Department of Biology , Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park , California 94928 , United States
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14
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Nagashima D, Zhang L, Kitamura Y, Ichihara S, Watanabe E, Zong C, Yamano Y, Sakurai T, Oikawa S, Ichihara G. Proteomic analysis of hippocampal proteins in acrylamide-exposed Wistar rats. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1993-2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Young D, Pedre B, Ezeriņa D, De Smet B, Lewandowska A, Tossounian MA, Bodra N, Huang J, Astolfi Rosado L, Van Breusegem F, Messens J. Protein Promiscuity in H 2O 2 Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1285-1324. [PMID: 29635930 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Decrypting the cellular response to oxidative stress relies on a comprehensive understanding of the redox signaling pathways stimulated under oxidizing conditions. Redox signaling events can be divided into upstream sensing of oxidants, midstream redox signaling of protein function, and downstream transcriptional redox regulation. Recent Advances: A more and more accepted theory of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling is that of a thiol peroxidase redox relay, whereby protein thiols with low reactivity toward H2O2 are instead oxidized through an oxidative relay with thiol peroxidases. CRITICAL ISSUES These ultrareactive thiol peroxidases are the upstream redox sensors, which form the first cellular port of call for H2O2. Not all redox-regulated interactions between thiol peroxidases and cellular proteins involve a transfer of oxidative equivalents, and the nature of redox signaling is further complicated through promiscuous functions of redox-regulated "moonlighting" proteins, of which the precise cellular role under oxidative stress can frequently be obscured by "polygamous" interactions. An ultimate goal of redox signaling is to initiate a rapid response, and in contrast to prokaryotic oxidant-responsive transcription factors, mammalian systems have developed redox signaling pathways, which intersect both with kinase-dependent activation of transcription factors, as well as direct oxidative regulation of transcription factors through peroxiredoxin (Prx) redox relays. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We highlight that both transcriptional regulation and cell fate can be modulated either through oxidative regulation of kinase pathways, or through distinct redox-dependent associations involving either Prxs or redox-responsive moonlighting proteins with functional promiscuity. These protein associations form systems of crossregulatory networks with multiple nodes of potential oxidative regulation for H2O2-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Young
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brandan Pedre
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Smet
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Lewandowska
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria-Armineh Tossounian
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nandita Bodra
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Astolfi Rosado
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- 2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Messens
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Melo T, Montero-Bullón JF, Domingues P, Domingues MR. Discovery of bioactive nitrated lipids and nitro-lipid-protein adducts using mass spectrometry-based approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101106. [PMID: 30718106 PMCID: PMC6859590 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FA) undergo reversible Michael adduction reactions with cysteine and histidine residues leading to the post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins. This electrophilic character of NO2-FA is strictly related to their biological roles. The NO2-FA-induced PTM of signaling proteins can lead to modifications in protein structure, function, and subcellular localization. The nitro lipid-protein adducts trigger a series of downstream signaling events that culminates with anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and cytoprotective effects mediated by NO2-FA. These lipoxidation adducts have been detected and characterized both in model systems and in biological samples by using mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches. These MS approaches allow to unequivocally identify the adduct together with the targeted residue of modification. The identification of the modified proteins allows inferring on the possible impact of the NO2-FA-induced modification. This review will focus on MS-based approaches as valuable tools to identify NO2-FA-protein adducts and to unveil the biological effect of this lipoxidation adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Javier-Fernando Montero-Bullón
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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17
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Renault K, Fredy JW, Renard PY, Sabot C. Covalent Modification of Biomolecules through Maleimide-Based Labeling Strategies. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2497-2513. [PMID: 29954169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Since their first use in bioconjugation more than 50 years ago, maleimides have become privileged chemical partners for the site-selective modification of proteins via thio-Michael addition of biothiols and, to a lesser extent, via Diels-Alder (DA) reactions with biocompatible dienes. Prominent examples include immunotoxins and marketed maleimide-based antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) such as Adcetris, which are used in cancer therapies. Among the key factors in the success of these groups is the availability of several maleimides that can be N-functionalized by fluorophores, affinity tags, spin labels, and pharmacophores, as well as their unique reactivities in terms of selectivity and kinetics. However, maleimide conjugate reactions have long been considered irreversible, and only recently have systematic studies regarding their reversibility and stability toward hydrolysis been reported. This review provides an overview of the diverse applications for maleimides in bioconjugation, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, which are being overcome by recent strategies. Finally, the fluorescence quenching ability of maleimides was leveraged for the preparation of fluorogenic probes, which are mainly used for the specific detection of thiol analytes. A summary of the reported structures, their photophysical features, and their relative efficiencies is discussed in the last part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Renault
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jean Wilfried Fredy
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Cyrille Sabot
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) , 76000 Rouen , France
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18
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St. Amant AH, Lemen D, Florinas S, Mao S, Fazenbaker C, Zhong H, Wu H, Gao C, Christie RJ, Read de Alaniz J. Tuning the Diels–Alder Reaction for Bioconjugation to Maleimide Drug-Linkers. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2406-2414. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre H. St. Amant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Daniel Lemen
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Stelios Florinas
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Shenlan Mao
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | - Haihong Zhong
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Herren Wu
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Changshou Gao
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - R. James Christie
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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19
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Freeman BA, O'Donnell VB, Schopfer FJ. The discovery of nitro-fatty acids as products of metabolic and inflammatory reactions and mediators of adaptive cell signaling. Nitric Oxide 2018; 77:106-111. [PMID: 29742447 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Foundational advances in eicosanoid signaling, the free radical biology of oxygen and nitric oxide and mass spectrometry all converged to enable the discovery of nitrated unsaturated fatty acids. Due to the unique biochemical characteristics of fatty acid nitroalkenes, these species undergo rapid and reversible Michael addition of biological nucleophiles such as cysteine, leading to the post-translational modification of low molecular weight and protein thiols. This capability has led to the present understanding that nitro-fatty acid reaction with the alkylation-sensitive cysteine proteome leads to physiologically-beneficial alterations in transcriptional regulatory protein function, gene expression and in vivo rodent model responses to metabolic and inflammatory stress. These findings motivated the preclinical and clinical development of nitro-fatty acids as new drug candidates for treating acute and chronic metabolic and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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20
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Shi C, Goldberg S, Lin T, Dudkin V, Widdison W, Harris L, Wilhelm S, Jmeian Y, Davis D, O’Neil K, Weng N, Jian W. LC/MS/MS Bioanalysis of Protein–Drug Conjugates—The Importance of Incorporating Succinimide Hydrolysis Products. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5314-5321. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Shi
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Shalom Goldberg
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Tricia Lin
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Vadim Dudkin
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Wayne Widdison
- ImmunoGen, Inc., 830 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Luke Harris
- ImmunoGen, Inc., 830 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Sharon Wilhelm
- ImmunoGen, Inc., 830 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Yazen Jmeian
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Darryl Davis
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Karyn O’Neil
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Naidong Weng
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Wenying Jian
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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21
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Insights on Localized and Systemic Delivery of Redox-Based Therapeutics. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2468457. [PMID: 29636836 PMCID: PMC5832094 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2468457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are indispensable in cellular physiology and signaling. Overproduction of these reactive species or failure to maintain their levels within the physiological range results in cellular redox dysfunction, often termed cellular oxidative stress. Redox dysfunction in turn is at the molecular basis of disease etiology and progression. Accordingly, antioxidant intervention to restore redox homeostasis has been pursued as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders among many others. Despite preliminary success in cellular and animal models, redox-based interventions have virtually been ineffective in clinical trials. We propose the fundamental reason for their failure is a flawed delivery approach. Namely, systemic delivery for a geographically local disease limits the effectiveness of the antioxidant. We take a critical look at the literature and evaluate successful and unsuccessful approaches to translation of redox intervention to the clinical arena, including dose, patient selection, and delivery approach. We argue that when interpreting a failed antioxidant-based clinical trial, it is crucial to take into account these variables and importantly, whether the drug had an effect on the redox status. Finally, we propose that local and targeted delivery hold promise to translate redox-based therapies from the bench to the bedside.
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22
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Electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkenes regulate Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling:A medicinal chemistry investigation of structure-function relationships. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2295. [PMID: 29396403 PMCID: PMC5797128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid nitroalkene derivatives (NO2-FA) activate Nrf2-regulated antioxidant gene expression and inhibit NF-κB-dependent cytokine expression. To better define NO2-FA structure-function relationships, a series of 22 new chemical entities (NCEs) containing an electrophilic nitroalkene functional group were synthesized and screened for both Nrf2- and NF-κB activities using luciferase-based assays. The structural variables were acyl chain length (11 to 24 carbons) and position of the electrophilic nitroalkene group. In luciferase-based reporter assays, Nrf2 was maximally activated by omega-12 nitroalkene fatty acids while TNFα stimulated NF-κB-inhibition was maximal for omega-5 nitroalkenes. The top pathway-modulating NO2-FAs were a) evaluated for an ability to activate Nrf2-dependent signaling and inhibit NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses of RAW264.7 cells and b) compared to electrophilic compounds in clinical development. These findings revealed that 8/9-nitro-eicos-8-enoic acid (NCE-10) was collectively the most effective NCE and that both the α and ω acyl chain lengths influence nitroalkene activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling. This insight will guide development of more effective non-natural homologs of endogenously-detectable fatty acid nitroalkenes as anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drug candidates.
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23
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Tan XJ, Wang C, Guo XK. Theoretical study on the ring-opening hydrolysis reactions of N-alkylmaleimide dimers. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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Woodcock CSC, Huang Y, Woodcock SR, Salvatore SR, Singh B, Golin-Bisello F, Davidson NE, Neumann CA, Freeman BA, Wendell SG. Nitro-fatty acid inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1120-1137. [PMID: 29158255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises ∼20% of all breast cancers and is the most aggressive mammary cancer subtype. Devoid of the estrogen and progesterone receptors, along with the receptor tyrosine kinase ERB2 (HER2), that define most mammary cancers, there are no targeted therapies for patients with TNBC. This, combined with a high metastatic rate and a lower 5-year survival rate than for other breast cancer phenotypes, means there is significant unmet need for new therapeutic strategies. Herein, the anti-neoplastic effects of the electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkene derivative, 10-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid (nitro-oleic acid, NO2-OA), were investigated in multiple preclinical models of TNBC. NO2-OA reduced TNBC cell growth and viability in vitro, attenuated TNFα-induced TNBC cell migration and invasion, and inhibited the tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell xenografts in the mammary fat pads of female nude mice. The up-regulation of these aggressive tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion phenotypes is mediated in part by the constitutive activation of pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling in TNBC. NO2-OA inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity in human TNBC cells and suppressed downstream NF-κB target gene expression, including the metastasis-related proteins intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The mechanisms accounting for NF-κB signaling inhibition by NO2-OA in TNBC cells were multifaceted, as NO2-OA (a) inhibited the inhibitor of NF-κB subunit kinase β phosphorylation and downstream inhibitor of NF-κB degradation, (b) alkylated the NF-κB RelA protein to prevent DNA binding, and (c) promoted RelA polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Comparisons with non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial MCF-10A and MCF7 cells revealed that NO2-OA more selectively inhibited TNBC function. This was attributed to more facile mechanisms for maintaining redox homeostasis in normal breast epithelium, including a more favorable thiol/disulfide balance, greater extents of multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1) expression, and greater MRP1-mediated efflux of NO2-OA-glutathione conjugates. These observations reveal that electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkenes react with more alkylation-sensitive targets in TNBC cells to inhibit growth and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Shan Chen Woodcock
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Yi Huang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.,the Women's Cancer Research Center of the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, and
| | - Steven R Woodcock
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Franca Golin-Bisello
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Carola A Neumann
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.,the Women's Cancer Research Center of the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, and
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260,
| | - Stacy G Wendell
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260,
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25
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Giustarini D, Colombo G, Garavaglia ML, Astori E, Portinaro NM, Reggiani F, Badalamenti S, Aloisi AM, Santucci A, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. Assessment of glutathione/glutathione disulphide ratio and S-glutathionylated proteins in human blood, solid tissues, and cultured cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:360-375. [PMID: 28807817 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the major non-protein thiol in humans and other mammals, which is present in millimolar concentrations within cells, but at much lower concentrations in the blood plasma. GSH and GSH-related enzymes act both to prevent oxidative damage and to detoxify electrophiles. Under oxidative stress, two GSH molecules become linked by a disulphide bridge to form glutathione disulphide (GSSG). Therefore, assessment of the GSH/GSSG ratio may provide an estimation of cellular redox metabolism. Current evidence resulting from studies in human blood, solid tissues, and cultured cells suggests that GSH also plays a prominent role in protein redox regulation via S -glutathionylation, i.e., the conjugation of GSH to reactive protein cysteine residues. A number of methodologies that enable quantitative analysis of GSH/GSSG ratio and S-glutathionylated proteins (PSSG), as well as identification and visualization of PSSG in tissue sections or cultured cells are currently available. Here, we have considered the main methodologies applied for GSH, GSSG and PSSG detection in biological samples. This review paper provides an up-to-date critical overview of the application of the most relevant analytical, morphological, and proteomics approaches to detect and analyse GSH, GSSG and PSSG in mammalian samples as well as discusses their current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Astori
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Marcello Portinaro
- Clinica ortopedica e traumatologica, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Badalamenti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Aloisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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26
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Sun R, Shi F, Liu K, Fu L, Tian C, Yang Y, Tallman KA, Porter NA, Yang J. A Chemoproteomic Platform To Assess Bioactivation Potential of Drugs. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1797-1803. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences,
Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug
Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation
and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fuguo Shi
- Department
of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry
of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine
of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences,
Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ling Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences,
Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Caiping Tian
- State
Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences,
Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug
Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation
and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Keri A. Tallman
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ned A. Porter
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jing Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences,
Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
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27
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Immunoprecipitation middle-up LC–MS for in vivo drug-to-antibody ratio determination for antibody–drug conjugates. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:1535-1549. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) determination is critical for development of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). This work presents a middle-up LC–MS approach for DAR analysis using prelabeled capture beads and in-house fabricated slit-plates. Methodology & Results: Cysteine, engineered cysteine and disulfide-linked ADCs, each with two different linker payloads, were immunocaptured and digested to scFc and F(ab′)2 fragments. At this point, disulfide-linked ADCs were analyzed while cysteine and engineered cysteine ADCs were reduced to LC and Fd′ fragments for analysis. Results were precise, accurate and sensitive, allowing DAR to be determined out to 21 days. Conclusion: This work describes a method that is easily implemented, amenable to high-throughput analysis and does not require specialized reagents or equipment.
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28
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Bautista-Niño PK, Roks AJ, Danser AJ. Development of PKG Iα (Protein Kinase G Iα)–Dimerizing Antihypertensive Drugs. Hypertension 2017; 70:490-492. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula K. Bautista-Niño
- From the Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J.M. Roks
- From the Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A.H. Jan Danser
- From the Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Fu L, Liu K, Sun M, Tian C, Sun R, Morales Betanzos C, Tallman KA, Porter NA, Yang Y, Guo D, Liebler DC, Yang J. Systematic and Quantitative Assessment of Hydrogen Peroxide Reactivity With Cysteines Across Human Proteomes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1815-1828. [PMID: 28827280 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein cysteinyl residues are the mediators of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent redox signaling. However, site-specific mapping of the selectivity and dynamics of these redox reactions in cells poses a major analytical challenge. Here we describe a chemoproteomic platform to systematically and quantitatively analyze the reactivity of thousands of cysteines toward H2O2 in human cells. We identified >900 H2O2-sensitive cysteines, which are defined as the H2O2-dependent redoxome. Although redox sites associated with antioxidative and metabolic functions are consistent, most of the H2O2-dependent redoxome varies dramatically between different cells. Structural analyses reveal that H2O2-sensitive cysteines are less conserved than their redox-insensitive counterparts and display distinct sequence motifs, structural features, and potential for crosstalk with lysine modifications. Notably, our chemoproteomic platform also provides an opportunity to predict oxidation-triggered protein conformational changes. The data are freely accessible as a resource at http://redox.ncpsb.org/OXID/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Keke Liu
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mingan Sun
- §State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiping Tian
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Rui Sun
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China.,¶State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Carlos Morales Betanzos
- ‖Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Keri A Tallman
- **Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Ned A Porter
- **Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Yong Yang
- ¶State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dianjing Guo
- §State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C Liebler
- ‖Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Jing Yang
- From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China;
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30
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Miles CO. Rapid and Convenient Oxidative Release of Thiol-Conjugated Forms of Microcystins for Chemical Analysis. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1599-1608. [PMID: 28595008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins are potent cyclic heptapeptide toxins found in some cyanobacteria, and usually contain an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group that is readily conjugated to thiol-containing amino acids, peptides, and proteins in vivo and in vitro. Methods for deconjugating these types of adducts have recently been reported, but the reactions are slow or result in derivatized microcystins. Mercaptoethanol derivatives of a range of microcystins were therefore used as model compounds to develop deconjugation procedures in which the dialkyl sulfide linkage was oxidized to a sulfoxide or sulfone that, when treated with base, rapidly eliminated the adducted thiol as its sulfenate or sulfinate via β-elimination to afford free microcystins with the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group intact. These free microcystins can be analyzed by LC/MS to determine the toxin profile of bound microcystins. The method was tested on Cys- and GSH-derivatives of [Dha7]MC-LR. In solution, the deconjugation reactions were complete within minutes at pH 10.7 and within a few hours at pH 9.2. Oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides is easier and more rapid than oxidation to sulfones, allowing the use of milder oxidants and shorter reaction times. Oxidation of any methionine residues present in the microcystins occurs inevitably during these procedures, and interpretation of the microcystin profile obtained by LC/MS analysis needs to take this into account. Oxidation of tryptophan residues and degradation of microcystins by excess oxidant were circumvented by the addition of Me2SO as a sacrificial reducing agent. These methods may be useful for other compounds that undergo conjugation via thia-Michael addition, such as acrylamide and deoxynivalenol. Oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides can occur in vivo and could affect the bioavailability of toxins and drugs conjugated via thia-Michael addition, potentially exacerbating oxidative stress by catalytically converting GSH to its sulfenate via conjugation, oxidation, and elimination to regenerate the free toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher O Miles
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute , P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway.,National Research Council , 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
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31
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Boyatzis AE, Bringans SD, Piggott MJ, Duong MN, Lipscombe RJ, Arthur PG. Limiting the Hydrolysis and Oxidation of Maleimide–Peptide Adducts Improves Detection of Protein Thiol Oxidation. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2004-2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber E. Boyatzis
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | | | - Matthew J. Piggott
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Marisa N. Duong
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | | | - Peter G. Arthur
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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32
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Mathers AR, Carey CD, Killeen ME, Diaz-Perez JA, Salvatore SR, Schopfer FJ, Freeman BA, Falo LD. Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids suppress allergic contact dermatitis in mice. Allergy 2017; 72:656-664. [PMID: 27718238 DOI: 10.1111/all.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactions between nitric oxide (NO), nitrite (NO2-), and unsaturated fatty acids give rise to electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (NO2 -FAs), such as nitro oleic acid (OA-NO2 ) and nitro linoleic acid (LNO2 ). Endogenous electrophilic fatty acids (EFAs) mediate anti-inflammatory responses by modulating metabolic and inflammatory signal transduction reactions. Hence, there is considerable interest in employing NO2 -FAs and other EFAs for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory disorders. Thus, we sought to determine whether OA-NO2 , an exemplary nitro-fatty acid, has the capacity to inhibit cutaneous inflammation. METHODS We evaluated the effect of OA-NO2 on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) using an established model of contact hypersensitivity in C57Bl/6 mice utilizing 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene as the hapten. RESULTS We found that subcutaneous (SC) OA-NO2 injections administered 18 h prior to sensitization and elicitation suppresses ACD in both preventative and therapeutic models. In vivo SC OA-NO2 significantly inhibits pathways that lead to inflammatory cell infiltration and the production of inflammatory cytokines in the skin. Moreover, OA-NO2 is capable of enhancing regulatory T-cell activity. Thus, OA-NO2 treatment results in anti-inflammatory effects capable of inhibiting ACD by inducing immunosuppressive responses. CONCLUSION Overall, these results support the development of OA-NO2 as a promising therapeutic for ACD and provides new insights into the role of electrophilic fatty acids in the control of cutaneous immune responses potentially relevant to a broad range of allergic and inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Mathers
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Immunology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - C. D. Carey
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - M. E. Killeen
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - J. A. Diaz-Perez
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - S. R. Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - F. J. Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - B. A. Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - L. D. Falo
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
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33
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Electrophilic Nitro-Fatty Acids: Nitric Oxide and Nitrite-Derived Metabolic and Inflammatory Signaling Mediators. Nitric Oxide 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804273-1.00016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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34
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van Witteloostuijn SB, Pedersen SL, Jensen KJ. Half-Life Extension of Biopharmaceuticals using Chemical Methods: Alternatives to PEGylation. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2474-2495. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Søren B. van Witteloostuijn
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
- Gubra ApS; Hørsholm Kongevej 11B 2970 Hørsholm Denmark
| | | | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
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35
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Baillie TA. Targeted Covalent Inhibitors for Drug Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13408-13421. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Baillie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; University of Washington; Box 357610 Seattle WA 98195-7610 USA
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Baillie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; University of Washington; Box 357610 Seattle WA 98195-7610 USA
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37
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Koen YM, Galeva NA, Metushi IG, Uetrecht J, Hanzlik RP. Protein Targets of Isoniazid-Reactive Metabolites in Mouse Liver in Vivo. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1064-72. [PMID: 27097313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) has been a first-line drug for the treatment of tuberculosis for more than 40 years. INH is well-tolerated by most patients, but some patients develop hepatitis that can be severe in rare cases or after overdose. The mechanisms underlying the hepatotoxicity of INH are not known, but covalent binding of reactive metabolites is known to occur in animals and is suspected in human cases. A major unresolved question is the identity of the liver proteins that are modified by INH metabolites. Treating mice with INH leads to accumulation of isonicotinoyl-lysine residues on numerous proteins in the hepatic S9 fraction. Analysis of this fraction by SDS-PAGE followed by tryptic digestion of bands and LC-MS/MS revealed a single adducted peptide derived from d-dopachrome decarboxylase. When a tryptic digest of whole S9 was applied to anti-INH antibody immobilized on beads, only 12 peptides were retained, 5 of which clearly contained isonicotinoyl-lysine adducts and could be confidently assigned to 5 liver proteins. In another experiment, undigested S9 fractions from INA-treated and untreated (UT) mice were adsorbed in parallel on anti-INA beads and the retained proteins were digested and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The INA-S9 digest showed 1 adducted peptide that was associated with a unique protein whose identity was corroborated by numerous nonadducted peptides in the digest and 13 other proteins identified only by multiple nonadducted peptides. None of these 14 proteins was associated with any peptides present in the UT-S9 fraction. Overall, we identified 7 mouse liver proteins that became adducted by INH metabolites in vivo. Of these 7 INH target proteins, only 2 have been previously reported as targets of any reactive metabolite in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Imir G Metushi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jack Uetrecht
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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38
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Eno MR, El-Gendy BEDM, Cameron MD. P450 3A-Catalyzed O-Dealkylation of Lapatinib Induces Mitochondrial Stress and Activates Nrf2. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:784-96. [PMID: 26958860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lapatinib (LAP), an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, has been associated with idiosyncractic hepatotoxicity. Recent investigations have implicated the importance of P450 3A4/5 enzymes in the formation of an electrophilic quinone imine (LAPQI) metabolite generated through further oxidation of O-dealkylated lapatinib (OD-LAP). In the current study, hepatic stress was observed via mitochondrial impairment. OD-LAP caused a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in oxygen consumption in HepG2 cells, whereas LAP did not alter the oxygen consumption rate. Interestingly, however, HepG2 cells transfected with human P450 3A4 did exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction via P450 3A4-mediated metabolism of LAP to OD-LAP. OD-LAP-induced mitochondrial toxicity was enhanced upon depletion of intracellular GSH levels, demonstrating that cellular GSH levels are important in the protection of mitochondrial function against LAPQI. Given the nature of LAPQI and the importance of GSH levels in LAP-induced mitochondrial stress, the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was evaluated, as this transcription factor induces the expression of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutathione S-transferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, and glutathione synthetase, all of which might be expected to decrease the toxicity of LAP. Using a FRET-based target gene assay in HepG2 cells, OD-LAP was indeed found to activate Nrf2. Follow-up assays showed increased mRNA levels of Nrf2 target genes after a 4 h treatment with OD-LAP but not with LAP. LAP activation of Nrf2 was observed only when HepG2 cells were transduced with P450 3A4. The significance of Nrf2 protection was established in vivo in Nrf2-KO mice. Increased transaminase levels were found after a single LAP dose in both Nrf2-KO and control mice, indicating elevated hepatic necrosis, although transaminase levels reverted to baseline levels in the control mice upon repeat dosing. They continued to rise in Nrf2-KO mice, however, indicating the likelihood that Nrf-2 plays a significant role in combatting the hepatotoxicity triggered by LAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsha Rebecca Eno
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida , 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | | | - Michael D Cameron
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida , 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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39
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Florinas S, Liu M, Fleming R, Van Vlerken-Ysla L, Ayriss J, Gilbreth R, Dimasi N, Gao C, Wu H, Xu ZQ, Chen S, Dirisala A, Kataoka K, Cabral H, Christie RJ. A Nanoparticle Platform To Evaluate Bioconjugation and Receptor-Mediated Cell Uptake Using Cross-Linked Polyion Complex Micelles Bearing Antibody Fragments. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1818-33. [PMID: 27007881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted nanomedicines are a promising technology for treatment of disease; however, preparation and characterization of well-defined protein-nanoparticle systems remain challenging. Here, we describe a platform technology to prepare antibody binding fragment (Fab)-bearing nanoparticles and an accompanying real-time cell-based assay to determine their cellular uptake compared to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and Fabs. The nanoparticle platform was composed of core-cross-linked polyion complex (PIC) micelles prepared from azide-functionalized PEG-b-poly(amino acids), that is, azido-PEG-b-poly(l-lysine) [N3-PEG-b-PLL] and azido-PEG-b-poly(aspartic acid) [N3-PEG-b-PAsp]. These PIC micelles were 30 nm in size and contained approximately 10 polymers per construct. Fabs were derived from an antibody binding the EphA2 receptor expressed on cancer cells and further engineered to contain a reactive cysteine for site-specific attachment and a cleavable His tag for purification from cell culture expression systems. Azide-functionalized micelles and thiol-containing Fab were linked using a heterobifunctional cross-linker (FPM-PEG4-DBCO) that contained a fluorophenyl-maleimide for stable conjugation to Fabs thiols and a strained alkyne (DBCO) group for coupling to micelle azide groups. Analysis of Fab-PIC micelle conjugates by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and UV-vis absorbance determined that each nanoparticle contained 2-3 Fabs. Evaluation of cellular uptake in receptor positive cancer cells by real-time fluorescence microscopy revealed that targeted Fab-PIC micelles achieved higher cell uptake than mAbs and Fabs, demonstrating the utility of this approach to identify targeted nanoparticle constructs with unique cellular internalization properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ze-Qi Xu
- SynChem, Inc., Elk Grove Village, Illinois 60007, United States
| | | | | | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,The Innovation Center of Nanomedicine, 66-20 Horikawa-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 212-0013, Japan
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40
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Ross PL, Wolfe JL. Physical and Chemical Stability of Antibody Drug Conjugates: Current Status. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:391-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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41
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Weissman MR, Winger KT, Ghiassian S, Gobbo P, Workentin MS. Insights on the Application of the Retro Michael-Type Addition on Maleimide-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Biology and Nanomedicine. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:586-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max R. Weissman
- The University of Western Ontario and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research, Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Kathleen T. Winger
- The University of Western Ontario and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research, Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sara Ghiassian
- The University of Western Ontario and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research, Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Pierangelo Gobbo
- The University of Western Ontario and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research, Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- The University of Western Ontario and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research, Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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42
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Kenche H, Ye ZW, Vedagiri K, Richards DM, Gao XH, Tew KD, Townsend DM, Blumental-Perry A. Adverse Outcomes Associated with Cigarette Smoke Radicals Related to Damage to Protein-disulfide Isomerase. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:4763-78. [PMID: 26728460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.712331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of factors contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for developing new treatments. An increase in the levels of protein-disulfide isomerase (PDI), a multifaceted endoplasmic reticulum resident chaperone, has been demonstrated in human smokers, presumably as a protective adaptation to cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. We found a similar increase in the levels of PDI in the murine model of COPD. We also found abnormally high levels (4-6 times) of oxidized and sulfenilated forms of PDI in the lungs of murine smokers compared with non-smokers. PDI oxidation progressively increases with age. We begin to delineate the possible role of an increased ratio of oxidized PDI in the age-related onset of COPD by investigating the impact of exposure to CS radicals, such as acrolein (AC), hydroxyquinones (HQ), peroxynitrites (PN), and hydrogen peroxide, on their ability to induce unfolded protein response (UPR) and their effects on the structure and function of PDIs. Exposure to AC, HQ, PN, and CS resulted in cysteine and tyrosine nitrosylation leading to an altered three-dimensional structure of the PDI due to a decrease in helical content and formation of a more random coil structure, resulting in protein unfolding, inhibition of PDI reductase and isomerase activity in vitro and in vivo, and subsequent induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Addition of glutathione prevented the induction of UPR, and AC and HQ induced structural changes in PDI. Exposure to PN and glutathione resulted in conjugation of PDI possibly at active site tyrosine residues. The findings presented here propose a new role of PDI in the pathogenesis of COPD and its age-dependent onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Kenche
- From the Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- the College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Kokilavani Vedagiri
- From the Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Dylan M Richards
- From the Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Xing-Huang Gao
- Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, and
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- the College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- the College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Anna Blumental-Perry
- From the Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31404, the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia 31404, the Departments of Surgery and
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43
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Widdison WC, Ponte JF, Coccia JA, Lanieri L, Setiady Y, Dong L, Skaletskaya A, Hong EE, Wu R, Qiu Q, Singh R, Salomon P, Fishkin N, Harris L, Maloney EK, Kovtun Y, Veale K, Wilhelm SD, Audette CA, Costoplus JA, Chari RVJ. Development of Anilino-Maytansinoid ADCs that Efficiently Release Cytotoxic Metabolites in Cancer Cells and Induce High Levels of Bystander Killing. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2261-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose F. Ponte
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | | | - Leanne Lanieri
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Yulius Setiady
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ling Dong
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | | | - E. Erica Hong
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Rui Wu
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Qifeng Qiu
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Rajeeva Singh
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Paulin Salomon
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Nathan Fishkin
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Luke Harris
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | | | - Yelena Kovtun
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Karen Veale
- ImmunoGen Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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44
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Christie RJ, Fleming R, Bezabeh B, Woods R, Mao S, Harper J, Joseph A, Wang Q, Xu ZQ, Wu H, Gao C, Dimasi N. Stabilization of cysteine-linked antibody drug conjugates with N-aryl maleimides. J Control Release 2015; 220:660-70. [PMID: 26387744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Maleimides are often used to covalently attach drugs to cysteine thiols for production of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). However, ADCs formed with traditional N-alkyl maleimides have variable stability in the bloodstream leading to loss of drug. Here, we report that N-aryl maleimides form stable antibody conjugates under very mild conditions while also maintaining high conjugation efficiency. Thiol-maleimide coupling and ADC stabilization via thiosuccinimide hydrolysis were accelerated by addition of N-phenyl or N-fluorophenyl groups to the ring-head nitrogen. Cysteine-linked ADCs prepared with N-aryl maleimides exhibited less than 20% deconjugation in both thiol-containing buffer and serum when incubated at 37 °C over a period of 7 days, whereas the analogous ADCs prepared with N-alkyl maleimides showed 35-67% deconjugation under the same conditions. ADCs prepared with the anticancer drug N-phenyl maleimide monomethyl-auristatin-E (MMAE) maintained high cytotoxicity following long-term exposure to serum whereas the N-alkyl maleimide MMAE ADC lost potency over time. These data demonstrate that N-aryl maleimides are a convenient and flexible platform to improve the stability of ADCs through manipulation of functional groups attached to the maleimide ring-head nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- R James Christie
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Ryan Fleming
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Binyam Bezabeh
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Rob Woods
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Shenlan Mao
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jay Harper
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Qianli Wang
- SynChem, Inc., Elk Grove Village, IL 60007, USA
| | - Ze-Qi Xu
- SynChem, Inc., Elk Grove Village, IL 60007, USA
| | - Herren Wu
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Changshou Gao
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Nazzareno Dimasi
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
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Lainson JC, Fuenmayor MF, Johnston SA, Diehnelt CW. Conjugation Approach To Produce a Staphylococcus aureus Synbody with Activity in Serum. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2125-32. [PMID: 26365100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synbodies show promise as a new class of synthetic antibiotics. Here, we explore improvements in their activity and production through conjugation chemistry. Maleimide conjugation is a widely used conjugation strategy due to its high yield, selectivity, and low cost. We used this strategy to conjugate two antibacterial peptides to produce a bivalent antibacterial peptide, called a synbody that has bactericidal activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The synbody was prepared by conjugation of a partially d-amino acid substituted synthetic antibacterial peptide to a bis-maleimide scaffold. The synbody slowly degrades in serum, but also undergoes exchange reactions with other serum proteins, such as albumin. Therefore, we hydrolyzed the thiosuccinimide ring using a mild hydrolysis protocol to produce a new synbody with similar bactericidal activity. The synbody was now resistant to exchange reactions and maintained bactericidal activity in serum for 2 h. This work demonstrates that low-cost maleimide coupling can be used to produce antibacterial peptide conjugates with activity in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Lainson
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Mariana Ferrer Fuenmayor
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chris W Diehnelt
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Endogenous Generation and Signaling Actions of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Electrophilic Derivatives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:501792. [PMID: 26339618 PMCID: PMC4538325 DOI: 10.1155/2015/501792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are beneficial for a number of conditions ranging from cardiovascular disease to chronic airways disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Growing evidence has shown that bioactive oxygenated derivatives are responsible for transducing these salutary effects. Electrophilic oxo-derivatives of omega-3 PUFAs represent a class of oxidized derivatives that can be generated via enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways. Inflammation and oxidative stress favor the formation of these signaling species to promote the resolution of inflammation within a fine autoregulatory loop. Endogenous generation of electrophilic oxo-derivatives of omega-3 PUFAs has been observed in in vitro and ex vivo human models and dietary supplementation of omega-3 PUFAs has been reported to increase their formation. Due to the presence of an α,β-unsaturated ketone moiety, these compounds covalently and reversibly react with nucleophilic residues on target proteins triggering the activation of cytoprotective pathways, including the Nrf2 antioxidant response, the heat shock response, and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and suppressing the NF-κB proinflammatory pathway. The endogenous nature of electrophilic oxo-derivatives of omega-3 PUFAs combined with their ability to simultaneously activate multiple cytoprotective pathways has made these compounds attractive for the development of new therapies for the treatment of chronic disorders and acute events characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Singh SK, Luisi DL, Pak RH. Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Design, Formulation and Physicochemical Stability. Pharm Res 2015; 32:3541-71. [PMID: 25986175 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The convergence of advanced understanding of biology with chemistry has led to a resurgence in the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), especially with two recent product approvals. Design and development of ADCs requires the synergistic combination of the monoclonal antibody, the linker and the payload. Advances in antibody science has enabled identification and generation of high affinity, highly selective, humanized or human antibodies for a given target. Novel linker technologies have been synthesized and highly potent cytotoxic drug payloads have been created. As the first generation of ADCs utilizing lysine and cysteine chemistries moves through the clinic and into commercialization, second generation ADCs involving site specific conjugation technologies are being evaluated and tested. The latter aim to be better characterized and controlled, with wider therapeutic indices as well as improved pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profiles. ADCs offer some interesting physicochemical properties, due to conjugation itself, and to the (often) hydrophobic payloads that must be considered during their CMC development. New analytical methodologies are required for the ADCs, supplementing those used for the antibody itself. Regulatory filings will be a combination of small molecule and biologics. The regulators have put forth some broad principles but this landscape is still evolving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Singh
- Pfizer, Inc., Pharmaceutical R&D, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri, 63017, USA
| | - Donna L Luisi
- Pfizer, Inc., Pharmaceutical R&D, 1 Burtt Road, Bldg. K, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
| | - Roger H Pak
- Pfizer, Inc., Pharmaceutical R&D, 1 Burtt Road, Bldg. K, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA.
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48
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Yang J, Tallman KA, Porter NA, Liebler DC. Quantitative chemoproteomics for site-specific analysis of protein alkylation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in cells. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2535-41. [PMID: 25654326 PMCID: PMC4350606 DOI: 10.1021/ac504685y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Protein alkylation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
(HNE), an endogenous
lipid derived electrophile, contributes to stress signaling and cellular
toxicity. Although previous work has identified protein targets for
HNE alkylation, the sequence specificity of alkylation and dynamics
in a cellular context remain largely unexplored. We developed a new
quantitative chemoproteomic platform, which uses isotopically tagged,
photocleavable azido-biotin reagents to selectively capture and quantify
the cellular targets labeled by the alkynyl analogue of HNE (aHNE).
Our analyses site-specifically identified and quantified 398 aHNE
protein alkylation events (386 cysteine sites and 12 histidine sites)
in intact cells. This data set expands by at least an order of magnitude
the number of such modification sites previously reported. Although
adducts formed by Michael addition are thought to be largely irreversible,
we found that most aHNE modifications are lost rapidly in
situ. Moreover, aHNE adduct turnover occurs only in intact
cells and loss rates are site-selective. This quantitative chemoproteomics
platform provides a versatile general approach to map bioorthogonal-chemically
engineered post-translational modifications and their cellular dynamics
in a site-specific and unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , 465 21st Avenue South, U1213 MRB III, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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49
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Ji JA, Liu J, Wang YJ. Formulation Development for Antibody-Drug Conjugates. ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13081-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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50
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Krishnan S, Miller RM, Tian B, Mullins RD, Jacobson M, Taunton J. Design of reversible, cysteine-targeted Michael acceptors guided by kinetic and computational analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12624-30. [PMID: 25153195 PMCID: PMC4160273 DOI: 10.1021/ja505194w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrophilic probes that covalently modify a cysteine thiol often show enhanced pharmacological potency and selectivity. Although reversible Michael acceptors have been reported, the structural requirements for reversibility are poorly understood. Here, we report a novel class of acrylonitrile-based Michael acceptors, activated by aryl or heteroaryl electron-withdrawing groups. We demonstrate that thiol adducts of these acrylonitriles undergo β-elimination at rates that span more than 3 orders of magnitude. These rates correlate inversely with the computed proton affinity of the corresponding carbanions, enabling the intrinsic reversibility of the thiol-Michael reaction to be tuned in a predictable manner. We apply these principles to the design of new reversible covalent kinase inhibitors with improved properties. A cocrystal structure of one such inhibitor reveals specific noncovalent interactions between the 1,2,4-triazole activating group and the kinase. Our experimental and computational study enables the design of new Michael acceptors, expanding the palette of reversible, cysteine-targeted electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Krishnan
- Department
of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Rand M. Miller
- Chemistry
and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University
of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Boxue Tian
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - R. Dyche Mullins
- Department
of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Matthew
P. Jacobson
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department
of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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