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Azuma R, Yamasaki T, Sano K, Mukai T. Detection of lipid radicals generated via cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using a radiolabeled nitroxide probe. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 224:678-684. [PMID: 39303954 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species generated via reperfusion cause lipid damage and induce lipid peroxidation, leading to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and exacerbation of cerebral infarction. Lipid radicals are key molecules generated during lipid peroxidation. Therefore, understanding the spatiotemporal behavior of lipid radicals is important to improve the therapeutic outcomes of cerebral infarction. However, the behaviors of lipid radicals in the brain remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of radioactivity in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model using lipid radical detection probe [125I]1 to assess the behaviors of lipid radicals after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. The tMCAO model administered [125I]1 exhibited significant differences in the timing and location of radioactivity accumulation between the ischemic and non-ischemic regions. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis identified the lipid radical adducts formed by the reaction of 1 with the lipid radicals generated after reperfusion. More adducts were detected in the ischemic region samples than in the non-ischemic region samples. Therefore, 1 successfully detected the lipid radicals generated after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of nuclear medical imaging using radiolabeled 1 to detect the lipid radicals generated after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Our approach can aid in the development of new therapeutic agents scavenging lipid radicals after cerebral reperfusion by facilitating the determination of therapeutic efficacy and optimal administration period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Azuma
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Kohei Sano
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mukai
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
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2
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Zhang M, Liu J, Yu Y, Liu X, Shang X, Du Z, Xu ML, Zhang T. Recent Advances in the Inhibition of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation by Food-Borne Plant Polyphenols via the Nrf2/GPx4 Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12340-12355. [PMID: 38776233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LP) leads to changes in the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes, affecting normal cellular function and potentially triggering apoptosis or necrosis. This process is closely correlated with the onset of many diseases. Evidence suggests that the phenolic hydroxyl groups in food-borne plant polyphenols (FPPs) make them effective antioxidants capable of preventing diseases triggered by cell membrane LP. Proper dietary intake of FPPs can attenuate cellular oxidative stress, especially damage to cell membrane phospholipids, by activating the Nrf2/GPx4 pathway. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress antagonist. The signaling pathway regulated by Nrf2 is a defense transduction pathway of the organism against external stimuli such as reactive oxygen species and exogenous chemicals. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), under the regulation of Nrf2, is the only enzyme that reduces cell membrane lipid peroxides with specificity, thus playing a pivotal role in regulating cellular ferroptosis and counteracting oxidative stress. This study explored the Nrf2/GPx4 pathway mechanism, antioxidant activity of FPPs, and mechanism of LP. It also highlighted the bioprotective properties of FPPs against LP and its associated mechanisms, including (i) activation of the Nrf2/GPx4 pathway, with GPx4 potentially serving as a central target protein, (ii) regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, leading to a reduction in the production of ROS and other peroxides, and (iii) antioxidant effects on LP and downstream phospholipid structure. In conclusion, FPPs play a crucial role as natural antioxidants in preventing LP. However, further in-depth analysis of FPPs coregulation of multiple signaling pathways is required, and the combined effects of these mechanisms need further evaluation in experimental models. Human trials could provide valuable insights into new directions for research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Yiding Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Xuanting Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Du
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Meng Lei Xu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
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Xu J, Guan G, Ye Z, Zhang C, Guo Y, Ma Y, Lu C, Lei L, Zhang XB, Song G. Enhancing lipid peroxidation via radical chain transfer reaction for MRI guided and effective cancer therapy in mice. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:636-647. [PMID: 38158292 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LPO), the process of membrane lipid oxidation, is a potential new form of cell death for cancer treatment. However, the radical chain reaction involved in LPO is comprised of the initiation, propagation (the slowest step), and termination stages, limiting its effectiveness in vivo. To address this limitation, we introduce the radical chain transfer reaction into the LPO process to target the propagation step and overcome the sluggish rate of lipid peroxidation, thereby promoting endogenous lipid peroxidation and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Firstly, radical chain transfer agent (CTA-1)/Fe nanoparticles (CTA-Fe NPs-1) was synthesized. Notably, CTA-1 convert low activity peroxyl radicals (ROO·) into high activity alkoxyl radicals (RO·), creating the cycle of free radical oxidation and increasing the propagation of lipid peroxidation. Additionally, CTA-1/Fe ions enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, consume glutathione (GSH), and thereby inactivate GPX-4, promoting the initiation stage and reducing termination of free radical reaction. CTA-Fe NPs-1 induce a higher level of peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipid membranes, leading to highly effective treatment in cancer cells. In addition, CTA-Fe NPs-1 could be enriched in tumors inducing potent tumor inhibition and exhibit activatable T1-MRI contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In summary, CTA-Fe NPs-1 can enhance intracellular lipid peroxidation by accelerating initiation, propagation, and inhibiting termination step, promoting the cycle of free radical reaction, resulting in effective anticancer outcomes in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guoqiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhifei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH 44106, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yibo Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lingling Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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4
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Tian X, Chen Z, Yang L, Liu Q, Zheng Z, Gao Z, Wang X, Lin C, Xie W, Wan Y, Yang J, Hou Z. Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy Platform Based on Pd Nanozyme-Modified Hydrogenated TiO 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44631-44640. [PMID: 37706663 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In photothermal treatments (PTTs), normal tissues around cancerous tumors get injured by excessive heat, whereas damaged cancer cells are easily restored by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSPs) at low temperatures. Therefore, to achieve a unique tumor microenvironment (TME), it is imperative to increase PTT efficiency and reduce normal tissue injury by adopting appropriate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides (LPO) cross-linked with HSPs. In the present research, a potential strategy for mild photothermal treatments (mPTTs) was proposed by initiating localized catalytic chemical reactions in TME based on Pd nanozyme-modified hydrogenated TiO2 (H-TiO2@Pd). In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that H-TiO2@Pd had good peroxidase-like activities (POD), glutathione oxidase-like activities (GSHOx), and photodynamic properties and also satisfactory biocompatibility for 4T1 cells. Localized catalytic chemical reactions in H-TiO2@Pd significantly depleted GSH to downregulate the protein expression of GPX4 and promoted the accumulation of LPO and ROS, which consumed HSP70 or inhibited its function in 4T1 cells. Hence, the as-constructed low-temperature photothermal therapeutic platform based on Pd nanozyme-modified H-TiO2 can be a promising candidate to develop a safe and effective mPTT for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Tian
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Zhankun Chen
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Longcui Yang
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Zhaocong Zheng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Xie
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yuchi Wan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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5
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Tang L, Ling M, Syeda MZ, Sun R, He M, Mu Q, Zhu X, Huang C, Cui L. A smart nanoplatform for enhanced photo-ferrotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1022330. [PMID: 36204469 PMCID: PMC9530464 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1022330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Emerging therapies, such as ferroptosis mediated cancer therapy and phototherapy, offer new opportunities for HCC treatment. The combination of multiple treatments is often more effective than monotherapy, but many of the current treatments are prone to serious side effects, resulting in a serious decline in patients’ quality of life. Therefore, the combination therapy of tumor in situ controllable activation will improve the efficacy and reduce side effects for precise treatment of tumor. Herein, we synthesized a GSH-activatable nanomedicine to synergize photothermal therapy (PTT) and ferrotherapy. We utilized a near-infrared dye SQ890 as both an iron-chelating and a photothermal converter agent, which was encapsulated with a GSH-sensitive polymer (PLGA-SS-mPEG), to attain the biocompatible SQ890@Fe nanoparticles (NPs). In the tumor microenvironment (TME), SQ890@Fe NPs showed a GSH-activated photothermal effect that could increase the Fenton reaction rate. Meanwhile, the depletion of GSH could further increase ferroptosis effect. In turn, the increasing radical generated by ferrotherapy could impair the formation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) which could amplify PTT effects by limiting the self-protection mechanism. Overall, the intelligent nanomedicine SQ890@Fe NPs combines ferrotherapy and PTT to enhance the efficacy and safety of cancer treatment through the mutual promotion of the two treatment mechanisms, providing a new dimension for tumor combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longguang Tang
- The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Guangdong Medical University, Maoming, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Longguang Tang, ; Chunming Huang, ; Liao Cui,
| | - Mingjian Ling
- Southern Medical University Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen, China
| | - Madiha Zahra Syeda
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui He
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Mu
- The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Guangdong Medical University, Maoming, China
| | - Xiulong Zhu
- The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Guangdong Medical University, Maoming, China
| | - Chunming Huang
- The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Guangdong Medical University, Maoming, China
- *Correspondence: Longguang Tang, ; Chunming Huang, ; Liao Cui,
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Longguang Tang, ; Chunming Huang, ; Liao Cui,
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6
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Chang B, Zhang L, Wu S, Sun Z, Cheng Z. Engineering single-atom catalysts toward biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3688-3734. [PMID: 35420077 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00421b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to inherent structural defects, common nanocatalysts always display limited catalytic activity and selectivity, making it practically difficult for them to replace natural enzymes in a broad scope of biologically important applications. By decreasing the size of the nanocatalysts, their catalytic activity and selectivity will be substantially improved. Guided by this concept, the advances of nanocatalysts now enter an era of atomic-level precise control. Single-atom catalysts (denoted as SACs), characterized by atomically dispersed active sites, strikingly show utmost atomic utilization, precisely located metal centers, unique metal-support interactions and identical coordination environments. Such advantages of SACs drastically boost the specific activity per metal atom, and thus provide great potential for achieving superior catalytic activity and selectivity to functionally mimic or even outperform natural enzymes of interest. Although the size of the catalysts does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the smaller, the better" is still correct for developing catalysts at the single-atom scale. Thus, it is clearly a new, urgent issue to address before further extending SACs into biomedical applications, representing an important branch of nanomedicine. This review begins by providing an overview of recent advances of synthesis strategies of SACs, which serve as a basis for the discussion of emerging achievements in improving the enzyme-like catalytic properties at an atomic level. Then, we carefully compare the structures and functions of catalysts at various scales from nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and few-atom clusters to single atoms. Contrary to conventional wisdom, SACs are not the most catalytically active catalysts in specific reactions, especially those requiring multi-site auxiliary activities. After that, we highlight the unique roles of SACs toward biomedical applications. To appreciate these advances, the challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of SACs-related catalytic nanomedicine are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Liqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Shaolong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China. .,Bohai rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264000, China.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
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7
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Zeng F, Tang L, Zhang Q, Shi C, Huang Z, Nijiati S, Chen X, Zhou Z. Coordinating the Mechanisms of Action of Ferroptosis and the Photothermal Effect for Cancer Theranostics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fantian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Longguang Tang
- International Institutes of Medicine The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000 P. R. China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Changrong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Zicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Sureya Nijiati
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, and Surgery Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational Medicine Nanomedicine Translational Research Program NUS Center for Nanomedicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore
| | - Zijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
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8
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Zeng F, Tang L, Zhang Q, Shi C, Huang Z, Nijiati S, Chen X, Zhou Z. Coordinating the mechanism of actions of ferroptosis and photothermal effect for cancer theranostics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112925. [PMID: 34932846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy based on different mechanisms of cell death has shown promises in tumor therapy. However, design considerations for integrating different modalities are often lack of rationale to synergize the therapeutic effects to the maximal extent. Here, we report a cancer theranostic nanomedicine formula by attentively considering the mechanisms of action of ferroptosis and photothermal effect in combination therapy. We applied the croconaine molecule as both a photothermal converter and an iron-chelating agent which could be readily encapsulated with BSA thus attaining biocompatible and stable Cro-Fe@BSA nanoparticles. The Cro-Fe@BSA nanoprticles in the tumor milieu showed an activated photothermal effect which could enhance the radical formation due to the temperature-dependent Fenton reaction kinetics, while the radical formation during ferroptosis could in turn destruct the heat-induced formation of heat shock proteins, thus preventing the self-protection mechanism of cancer cells in response to heat. This mutually beneficial strategy led to an efficient anticancer effect both in vitro and in a subcutaneous mouse tumor model. Furthermore, the activatable photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging performance of the Cro-Fe@BSA nanoparticles provided an intelligent paradigm for safe and reliable cancer theranostics. This study may open up new avenues in designing nanomedicines from a vantage point of synergizing different therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fantian Zeng
- Xiamen University, School of Public health, CHINA
| | | | - Qianyu Zhang
- Xiamen University, School of Public health, CHINA
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- National University of Singapore, School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, 10 Medical Dr, 117597, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Xiamen University, School of Public health, CHINA
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9
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Silva RS, Maia DLH, Fernandes FAN. Production of tung oil epoxy resin using low frequency high power ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105765. [PMID: 34600302 PMCID: PMC8531847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epoxy resins made from vegetable oils are an alternative to synthesize epoxy resins from renewable sources. Tung oil is rich in α -eleostearic fatty acid, which contains three double bonds producing epoxy resins with up to three epoxy groups per fatty acid. This work studied the production of tung oil epoxy resin using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent and acetic and formic acid as percarboxylic acid precursors, applying low frequency high power ultrasound. This study evaluated the effects of ultrasound power density, hydrogen peroxide concentration, acetic acid concentration, and formic acid concentration on the yield into epoxy resin, selectivity, and by-products formation. Application of ultrasound was carried out using a 19 kHz probe ultrasound (horn ultrasound) with a 1.3 cm diameter titanium probe, 500 W nominal power, 2940 W L-1 maximum effective power density applied to the reaction mixture. Ultrasound technology yielded up to 85% of epoxy resin in 3 h of reaction. The use of formic acid resulted in a slightly lower oil conversion than acetic acid but with a much higher selectivity towards epoxidized tung oil. However, using acetic acid resulted in the production of high-value by-products, such as 2-heptenal and 2,4-nonadienal. The ultrasound-assisted epoxidation showed to be particularly efficient when applied to oils containing conjugated double-bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Silva
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Dayanne L H Maia
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fabiano A N Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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10
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Bartolacci C, Andreani C, El-Gammal Y, Scaglioni PP. Lipid Metabolism Regulates Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis in RAS-Driven Cancers: A Perspective on Cancer Progression and Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:706650. [PMID: 34485382 PMCID: PMC8415548 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.706650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
HRAS, NRAS and KRAS, collectively referred to as oncogenic RAS, are the most frequently mutated driver proto-oncogenes in cancer. Oncogenic RAS aberrantly rewires metabolic pathways promoting the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In particular, lipids have gained increasing attention serving critical biological roles as building blocks for cellular membranes, moieties for post-translational protein modifications, signaling molecules and substrates for ß-oxidation. However, thus far, the understanding of lipid metabolism in cancer has been hampered by the lack of sensitive analytical platforms able to identify and quantify such complex molecules and to assess their metabolic flux in vitro and, even more so, in primary tumors. Similarly, the role of ROS in RAS-driven cancer cells has remained elusive. On the one hand, ROS are beneficial to the development and progression of precancerous lesions, by upregulating survival and growth factor signaling, on the other, they promote accumulation of oxidative by-products that decrease the threshold of cancer cells to undergo ferroptosis. Here, we overview the recent advances in the study of the relation between RAS and lipid metabolism, in the context of different cancer types. In particular, we will focus our attention on how lipids and oxidative stress can either promote or sensitize to ferroptosis RAS driven cancers. Finally, we will explore whether this fine balance could be modulated for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pier Paolo Scaglioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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11
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Chang M, Hou Z, Wang M, Yang C, Wang R, Li F, Liu D, Peng T, Li C, Lin J. Single‐Atom Pd Nanozyme for Ferroptosis‐Boosted Mild‐Temperature Photothermal Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 511436 P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Chunzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Donglian Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
| | - Tieli Peng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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12
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Chang M, Hou Z, Wang M, Yang C, Wang R, Li F, Liu D, Peng T, Li C, Lin J. Single‐Atom Pd Nanozyme for Ferroptosis‐Boosted Mild‐Temperature Photothermal Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12971-12979. [PMID: 33772996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 511436 P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Chunzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Donglian Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
| | - Tieli Peng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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13
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Saito K, Matsuoka Y, Yamada KI. Reaction targets of antioxidants in azo-initiator or lipid hydroperoxide induced lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:301-310. [PMID: 32338088 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1761020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of several oxidative diseases, and several therapeutic approaches using antioxidants have been proposed. LPO is thought to progress via a complicated series of multistep reactions suggesting that the activity of each antioxidant may be different, and depends on the reacting molecules. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the inhibitory mechanisms of several antioxidants toward arachidonic acid (AA) peroxidation induced by the azo initiator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) or a lipid hydroperoxide, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (HpODE)/hemin. Edaravone, ferrostatin-1, TEMPO and trolox effectively inhibited the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and several oxidised AAs generated in the AAPH-induced LPO because of their scavenging ability toward lipid peroxyl radicals. In contrast, ebselen and ferrostatin-1 showed strong antioxidative activity in the HpODE/hemin-induced peroxidation. Under this condition, ebselen and ferrostatin-1 were thought to reduce HpODE and its derived alkoxyl radicals to the corresponding lipid alcohols. In conclusion, we found that each antioxidant had different antioxidative activities that prevented the progression of LPO. We expect that these findings will contribute to the design of novel therapeutic strategies using an appropriate antioxidant targeted to each step of the development of oxidative stress diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Saito
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuoka
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Chikazawa M, Yoshitake J, Lim SY, Iwata S, Negishi L, Shibata T, Uchida K. Glycolaldehyde is an endogenous source of lysine N-pyrrolation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7697-7709. [PMID: 32332094 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine N-pyrrolation converts lysine residues to N ϵ-pyrrole-l-lysine (pyrK) in a covalent modification reaction that significantly affects the chemical properties of proteins, causing them to mimic DNA. pyrK in proteins has been detected in vivo, indicating that pyrrolation occurs as an endogenous reaction. However, the source of pyrK remains unknown. In this study, on the basis of our observation in vitro that pyrK is present in oxidized low-density lipoprotein and in modified proteins with oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids, we used LC-electrospray ionization-MS/MS coupled with a stable isotope dilution method to perform activity-guided separation of active molecules in oxidized lipids and identified glycolaldehyde (GA) as a pyrK source. The results from mechanistic experiments to study GA-mediated lysine N-pyrrolation suggested that the reactions might include GA oxidation, generating the dialdehyde glyoxal, followed by condensation reactions of lysine amino groups with GA and glyoxal. We also studied the functional significance of GA-mediated lysine N-pyrrolation in proteins and found that GA-modified proteins are recognized by apolipoprotein E, a binding target of pyrrolated proteins. Moreover, GA-modified proteins triggered an immune response to pyrrolated proteins, and monoclonal antibodies generated from mice immunized with GA-modified proteins specifically recognized pyrrolated proteins. These findings reveal that GA is an endogenous source of DNA-mimicking pyrrolated proteins and may provide mechanistic insights relevant for innate and autoimmune responses associated with glucose metabolism and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Chikazawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshitake
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sei-Young Lim
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Iwata
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lumi Negishi
- Central Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan .,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Matsuoka Y, Izumi Y, Takahashi M, Bamba T, Yamada KI. Method for Structural Determination of Lipid-Derived Radicals. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6993-7002. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Matsuoka
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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16
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Zhou X, Zhang Z, Liu X, Wu D, Ding Y, Li G, Wu Y. Typical reactive carbonyl compounds in food products: Formation, influence on food quality, and detection methods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:503-529. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Zhou
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Di Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University Zhejiang China
| | - Yuting Ding
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xian China
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment Beijing China
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17
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Zhai C, Peckham K, Belk KE, Ramanathan R, Nair MN. Carbon Chain Length of Lipid Oxidation Products Influence Lactate Dehydrogenase and NADH-Dependent Metmyoglobin Reductase Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13327-13332. [PMID: 31715101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical basis of lower metmyoglobin reducing activity (MRA) in high-oxygen modified atmospheric packaged (HiOx-MAP) beef than those in vacuum and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) packaging is not clear. To explore this, the effects of lipid oxidation products with varying carbon chain length on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NADH-dependent metmyoglobin reductase activity were evaluated. Surface color, MRA, and lipid oxidation of beef longissimus lumborum steaks (n = 10) were measured during 6-day display. Further, two enzymes, LDH and NADH-dependent metmyoglobin reductase (n = 5), critical for MRA were incubated with or without (control) lipid oxidation products of varying carbon chain length: malondialdehyde (3-carbon), hexenal (6-carbon), and 4-hydroxynonenal (9-carbon). Steaks in HiOx-MAP had greater (P < 0.05) redness than vacuum and PVC, but had lower (P < 0.05) MRA and greater (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation on day 6. LDH and NADH-dependent metmyoglobin reductase activities were differentially influenced by lipid oxidation products (P < 0.05). The results indicate that the difference in reactivity of various lipid oxidation products on LDH (HNE > MDA = hexenal) and NADH-dependent metmyoglobin reductase (HNE = MDA > hexenal) activity could be responsible for lower MRA in HiOx-MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Zhai
- Department of Animal Sciences , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Kiefer Peckham
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences , Oklahoma State University , Stillwater , Oklahoma 74078 , United States
| | - Keith E Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Ranjith Ramanathan
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences , Oklahoma State University , Stillwater , Oklahoma 74078 , United States
| | - Mahesh N Nair
- Department of Animal Sciences , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
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18
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Oxidised protein metabolism: recent insights. Biol Chem 2017; 398:1165-1175. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ‘oxygen paradox’ arises from the fact that oxygen, the molecule that aerobic life depends on, threatens its very existence. An oxygen-rich environment provided life on Earth with more efficient bioenergetics and, with it, the challenge of having to deal with a host of oxygen-derived reactive species capable of damaging proteins and other crucial cellular components. In this minireview, we explore recent insights into the metabolism of proteins that have been reversibly or irreversibly damaged by oxygen-derived species. We discuss recent data on the important roles played by the proteasomal and lysosomal systems in the proteolytic degradation of oxidatively damaged proteins and the effects of oxidative damage on the function of the proteolytic pathways themselves. Mitochondria are central to oxygen utilisation in the cell, and their ability to handle oxygen-derived radicals is an important and still emerging area of research. Current knowledge of the proteolytic machinery in the mitochondria, including the ATP-dependent AAA+ proteases and mitochondrial-derived vesicles, is also highlighted in the review. Significant progress is still being made in regard to understanding the mechanisms underlying the detection and degradation of oxidised proteins and how proteolytic pathways interact with each other. Finally, we highlight a few unanswered questions such as the possibility of oxidised amino acids released from oxidised proteins by proteolysis being re-utilised in protein synthesis thus establishing a vicious cycle of oxidation in cells.
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19
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Łuczaj W, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Antioxidants and HNE in redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:87-101. [PMID: 27888001 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, cells are in a stable state known as redox homeostasis, which is maintained by the balance between continuous ROS/RNS generation and several mechanisms involved in antioxidant activity. ROS overproduction results in alterations in the redox homeostasis that promote oxidative damage to major components of the cell, including the biomembrane phospholipids. Lipid peroxidation subsequently generates a diverse set of products, including α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Of these products, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is the most studied aldehyde on the basis of its involvement in cellular physiology and pathology. This review summarizes the current knowledge in the field of HNE generation, metabolism, and detoxification, as well as its interactions with various cellular macromolecules (protein, phospholipid, and nucleic acid). The formation of HNE-protein adducts enables HNE to participate in multi-step regulation of cellular metabolic pathways that include signaling and transcription of antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory factors, and anti-apoptotic proteins. The most widely described roles for HNE in the signaling pathways are associated with its activation of kinases, as well as transcription factors that are responsible for redox homeostasis (Ref-1, Nrf2, p53, NFκB, and Hsf1). Depending on its level, HNE exerts harmful or protective effects associated with the induction of antioxidant defense mechanisms. These effects make HNE a key player in maintaining redox homeostasis, as well as producing imbalances in this system that participate in aging and the development of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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20
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Gaschler MM, Stockwell BR. Lipid peroxidation in cell death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:419-425. [PMID: 28212725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1016] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of redox homeostasis is a key phenotype of many pathological conditions. Though multiple oxidizing compounds such as hydrogen peroxide are widely recognized as mediators and inducers of oxidative stress, increasingly, attention is focused on the role of lipid hydroperoxides as critical mediators of death and disease. As the main component of cellular membranes, lipids have an indispensible role in maintaining the structural integrity of cells. Excessive oxidation of lipids alters the physical properties of cellular membranes and can cause covalent modification of proteins and nucleic acids. This review discusses the synthesis, toxicity, degradation, and detection of lipid peroxides in biological systems. Additionally, the role of lipid peroxidation is highlighted in cell death and disease, and strategies to control the accumulation of lipid peroxides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Gaschler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, Northwest Corner Building, MC 4846, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, Northwest Corner Building, MC 4846, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, Northwest Corner Building, MC 4846, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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21
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Mika A, Sledzinski T. Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review. Obes Rev 2017; 18:247-272. [PMID: 27899022 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major contributor to the dysfunction of liver, cardiac, pulmonary, endocrine and reproductive system, as well as a component of metabolic syndrome. Although development of obesity-related disorders is associated with lipid abnormalities, most previous studies dealing with the problem in question were limited to routinely determined parameters, such as serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Many authors postulated to extend the scope of analysed lipid compounds and to study obesity-related alterations in other, previously non-examined groups of lipids. Comprehensive quantitative, structural and functional analysis of specific lipid groups may result in identification of new obesity-related alterations. The review summarizes available evidence of obesity-related alterations in various groups of lipids and their impact on health status of obese subjects. Further, the role of diet and endogenous lipid synthesis in the development of serum lipid alterations is discussed, along with potential application of various lipid compounds as risk markers for obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mika
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - T Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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22
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Salomon RG. Carboxyethylpyrroles: From Hypothesis to the Discovery of Biologically Active Natural Products. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 30:105-113. [PMID: 27750413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our research on the roles of lipid oxidation in human disease is guided by chemical intuition. For example, we postulated that 2-(ω-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP) derivatives of primary amines would be produced through covalent adduction of a γ-hydroxyalkenal generated, in turn, through oxidative fragmentation of docosahexaenoates. Our studies confirmed the natural occurrence of this chemistry, and the biological activities of these natural products and their extensive involvements in human physiology (wound healing) and pathology (age-related macular degeneration, autism, atherosclerosis, sickle cell disease, and tumor growth) continue to emerge. This perspective recounts these discoveries and proposes new frontiers where further developments are likely. Perhaps more significantly, it depicts an effective chemistry-based approach to the discovery of novel biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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23
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Yakubenko VP, Byzova TV. Biological and pathophysiological roles of end-products of DHA oxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1862:407-415. [PMID: 27713004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are known to be present and/or enriched in vegetable and fish oils. Among fatty acids, n-3 PUFA are generally considered to be protective in inflammation-related diseases. The guidelines for substituting saturated fatty acids for PUFAs have been highly publicized for decades by numerous health organizations. Recently, however, the beneficial properties of n-3 PUFA are questioned by detailed analyses of multiple randomized controlled clinical trials. The reported heterogeneity of results is likely due not only to differential effects of PUFAs on various pathological processes in humans, but also to the wide spectrum of PUFA's derived products generated in vivo. SCOPE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to discuss the studies focused on well-defined end-products of PUFAs oxidation, their generation, presence in various pathological and physiological conditions, their biological activities and known receptors. Carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP), a DHA-derived oxidized product, is especially emphasized due to recent data demonstrating its pathophysiological significance in many inflammation-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, thrombosis, macular degeneration, and tumor progression. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS CEP is a product of radical-based oxidation of PUFA that forms adducts with proteins and lipids in blood and tissues, generating new powerful ligands for TLRs and scavenger receptors. The interaction of CEP with these receptors affects inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and wound healing. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The detailed understanding of CEP-mediated cellular responses may provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin P Yakubenko
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Tatiana V Byzova
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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24
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Guo J, Hong L, West XZ, Wang H, Salomon RG. Bioactive 4-Oxoheptanedioic Monoamide Derivatives of Proteins and Ethanolaminephospholipids: Products of Docosahexaenoate Oxidation. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1706-1719. [PMID: 27618287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes lipid-derived oxidative modification of biomolecules that has been implicated in many pathological states. Phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are major targets of free radical-initiated oxidation. Phospholipids that incorporate docosahexaenoate (DHA) are highly enriched in important neural structures including the brain and retina, where DHA comprises 40% and 60% of total fatty acids, respectively. Oxidative fragmentation of 2-docosahexaenoyl-1-palmityl-sn-glycerophosphocholine generates esters of 4-hydroxy-7-oxohept-5-enoic acid (HOHA) and 4-keto-7-oxohept-5-enoic acid (KOHA) with 2-lysophosphatidylcholine, HOHA-PC, and KOHA-PC. Covalent HOHA adducts that incorporate the primary amino groups of proteins and ethanolamine phospholipids in carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) derivatives were detected immunologically with anti-CEP antibodies in human tumors, retina, and blood. Now, we generated an anti-OHdiA antibody to test the hypothesis that KOHA adducts, which incorporate the primary amino groups of proteins or ethanolamine phospholipids in 4-oxo-heptanedioic (OHdiA) monoamide derivatives, are present in vivo. However, whereas the anti-CEP antibody is highly specific and does not cross-react with the OHdiA monoamide epitope, the anti-OHdiA monoamide antibody cross-reacted with CEP epitopes making it of little value as an analytical tool for OHdiA monoamides but suggesting the possibility that OHdiA monoamides would exhibit receptor-mediated biological activity similar to that of CEP. An LC-MS/MS method was developed that allows quantification of OHdiA derivatives in biological samples. We now find that KOHA-PC forms OHdiA monoamide adducts of proteins and ethanolamine phospholipids and that OHdiA-protein levels are significantly higher than OHdiA-ethanloamine phospholipid levels in blood from healthy human subjects, 0.45 μM and 0.18 μM, respectively (n = 3, and p = 0.027). OHdiA monoamide epitopes are angiogenic, causing TLR2-dependent adhesion and tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. OHdiA monoamide epitopes are only slightly less potent than CEP epitopes that contribute to the pathological angiogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Z West
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Guo J, Wang H, Hrinczenko B, Salomon RG. Efficient Quantitative Analysis of Carboxyalkylpyrrole Ethanolamine Phospholipids: Elevated Levels in Sickle Cell Disease Blood. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1187-97. [PMID: 27341308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
γ-Hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, generated by oxidative damage of polyunsaturated phospholipids, form pyrrole derivatives that incorporate the ethanolamine phospholipid (EP) amino group such as 2-pentylpyrrole (PP)-EP and 2-(ω-carboxyalkyl)pyrrole (CAP)-EP derivatives: 2-(ω-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP)-EP, 2-(ω-carboxypropyl)pyrrole (CPP)-EP, and 2-(ω-carboxyheptyl)pyrrole (CHP)-EP. Because EPs occur in vivo in various forms, a complex mixture of pyrrole-modified EPs with different molecular weights is expected to be generated. To provide a sensitive index of oxidative stress, all of the differences in mass related to the glycerophospholipid moieties were removed by releasing a single CAP-ethanolamine (ETN) or PP-ETN from each mixture by treatment with phospholipase D. Accurate quantization was achieved using the corresponding ethanolamine-d4 pyrroles as internal standards. The product mixture obtained by phospholipolysis of total blood phospholipids from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The method was applied to measure CAP-EP and PP-EP levels in blood plasma from clinical monitoring of SCD patients. We found uniformly elevated blood levels of CEP-EP (63.9 ± 9.7 nM) similar to mean levels in blood from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients (56.3 ± 37.1 nM), and 2-fold lower levels (27.6 ± 3.6 nM, n = 5) were detected in plasma from SCD patients hospitalized to treat a sickle cell crisis, although mean levels remain higher than those (12.1 ± 10.5 nM) detected in blood from healthy controls. Plasma levels of CPP-EPs from SCD clinic patients were 4-fold higher than those of SCD patients hospitalized to treat a sickle cell crisis (45.1 ± 10.9 nM, n = 5 versus 10.9 ± 3.4 nM, n = 6; p < 0.002). PP-EP concentration in plasma from SCD clinic patients is nearly 4.8-fold higher than its level in plasma samples from SCD patients hospitalized to treat a sickle cell crisis (7.06 ± 4.05 vs 1.48 ± 0.92 nM; p < 0.05). Because CAP-EPs promote angiogenesis and platelet activation, the elevated levels present in SCD blood can contribute to the hypercoaguability and vaso-occlusive events that are critical pathophysiologic features of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Borys Hrinczenko
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Endogenous Generation of Singlet Oxygen and Ozone in Human and Animal Tissues: Mechanisms, Biological Significance, and Influence of Dietary Components. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2398573. [PMID: 27042259 PMCID: PMC4799824 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2398573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that exposing antibodies or amino acids to singlet oxygen results in the formation of ozone (or an ozone-like oxidant) and hydrogen peroxide and that human neutrophils produce both singlet oxygen and ozone during bacterial killing. There is also mounting evidence that endogenous singlet oxygen production may be a common occurrence in cells through various mechanisms. Thus, the ozone-producing combination of singlet oxygen and amino acids might be a common cellular occurrence. This paper reviews the potential pathways of formation of singlet oxygen and ozone in vivo and also proposes some new pathways for singlet oxygen formation. Physiological consequences of the endogenous formation of these oxidants in human tissues are discussed, as well as examples of how dietary factors may promote or inhibit their generation and activity.
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Barrera G, Pizzimenti S, Ciamporcero ES, Daga M, Ullio C, Arcaro A, Cetrangolo GP, Ferretti C, Dianzani C, Lepore A, Gentile F. Role of 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts in human diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1681-702. [PMID: 25365742 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress provokes the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cellular membranes, leading to the formation of aldheydes that, due to their high chemical reactivity, are considered to act as second messengers of oxidative stress. Among the aldehydes formed during lipid peroxidation (LPO), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is produced at a high level and easily reacts with both low-molecular-weight compounds and macromolecules, such as proteins and DNA. In particular, HNE-protein adducts have been extensively investigated in diseases characterized by the pathogenic contribution of oxidative stress, such as cancer, neurodegenerative, chronic inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. RECENT ADVANCES In this review, we describe and discuss recent insights regarding the role played by covalent adducts of HNE with proteins in the development and evolution of those among the earlier mentioned disease conditions in which the functional consequences of their formation have been characterized. CRITICAL ISSUES Results obtained in recent years have shown that the generation of HNE-protein adducts can play important pathogenic roles in several diseases. However, in some cases, the generation of HNE-protein adducts can represent a contrast to the progression of disease or can promote adaptive cell responses, demonstrating that HNE is not only a toxic product of LPO but also a regulatory molecule that is involved in several biochemical pathways. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In the next few years, the refinement of proteomical techniques, allowing the individuation of novel cellular targets of HNE, will lead to a better understanding the role of HNE in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Barrera
- 1Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- 1Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Martina Daga
- 1Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Ullio
- 1Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- 2Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute, Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Ferretti
- 4Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- 4Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessio Lepore
- 5Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gentile
- 2Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute, Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Milic I, Melo T, Domingues MR, Domingues P, Fedorova M. Heterogeneity of peptide adducts with carbonylated lipid peroxidation products. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:603-612. [PMID: 25800198 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly reactive lipid peroxidation-derived carbonyls (oxoLPP) modify protein nucleophiles via Michael addition or Schiff base formation. Once formed, Michael adducts can be further stabilized via cyclic hemiacetals with or without loss of water. Depending on the mechanism of their formation, peptide-oxoLPP can carry aldehyde or keto groups and thus be a part of the total protein carbonylation level. If a carbonyl function is lost during consecutive reactions, the oxoLPP-peptide adducts will not be detected using the common carbonyl labeling protocols. Because of the differences in adduct stabilities, it is possible to address the heterogeneity of peptide/protein-oxoLPP adducts by careful evaluation of tandem mass spectra of modified peptides. Here, we used hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of lysine, cysteine and histidine containing model peptides co-incubated with oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerophosphatidylcholine to characterize the collision-induced dissociation behavior of peptide-carbonyl adducts. Numerous modifications were detected based on the analysis of tandem mass spectra, including Schiff bases on lysine (two), Michael adducts on lysine (six), cysteine (eleven) and histidine (two), as well as 4-hydroxy-2-aldehydes derived dehydrated cyclic hemiacetals on cysteine (five) and histidine (one). Additionally, cysteine and histidine side chains were modified by lipid-bound aldehydes as Michael adducts and dehydrated hemiacetals. The tandem mass spectra revealed collision-induced dissociation characteristics specific for each class of oxoLPP-peptide adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Milic
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Miyashita H, Chikazawa M, Otaki N, Hioki Y, Shimozu Y, Nakashima F, Shibata T, Hagihara Y, Maruyama S, Matsumi N, Uchida K. Lysine pyrrolation is a naturally-occurring covalent modification involved in the production of DNA mimic proteins. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5343. [PMID: 24938734 PMCID: PMC4061549 DOI: 10.1038/srep05343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent modification of proteins exerts significant effects on their chemical properties and has important functional and regulatory consequences. We now report the identification and verification of an electrically-active form of modified proteins recognized by a group of small molecules commonly used to interact with DNA. This previously unreported property of proteins was initially discovered when the γ-ketoaldehydes were identified as a source of the proteins stained by the DNA intercalators. Using 1,4-butanedial, the simplest γ-ketoaldehyde, we characterized the structural and chemical criteria governing the recognition of the modified proteins by the DNA intercalators and identified Nε-pyrrolelysine as a key adduct. Unexpectedly, the pyrrolation conferred an electronegativity and electronic properties on the proteins that potentially constitute an electrical mimic to the DNA. In addition, we found that the pyrrolated proteins indeed triggered an autoimmune response and that the production of specific antibodies against the pyrrolated proteins was accelerated in human systemic lupus erythematosus. These findings and the apparent high abundance of Nε-pyrrolelysine in vivo suggest that protein pyrrolation could be an endogenous source of DNA mimic proteins, providing a possible link connecting protein turnover and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Miyashita
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Miho Chikazawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Natsuki Otaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hioki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimozu
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Fumie Nakashima
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- 1] Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan [2] PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hagihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Matsumi
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Nowak JZ. Oxidative stress, polyunsaturated fatty acids-derived oxidation products and bisretinoids as potential inducers of CNS diseases: focus on age-related macular degeneration. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 65:288-304. [PMID: 23744414 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS) originate from excess of reactive free radicals, notably reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress. A phenomenon which usually runs in parallel with oxidative stress is unsaturated lipid peroxidation, which, via a chain reaction, contributes to the progression of disbalanced redox homeostasis. Among long-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) abundantly occurring in the CNS, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a member of ω-3 LC-PUFAs, deserves special attention, as it is avidly retained and uniquely concentrated in the nervous system, particularly in retinal photoreceptors and synaptic membranes; owing to the presence of the six double bonds between carbon atoms in its polyene chain (C=C), DHA is exquisitely sensitive to oxidative damage. In addition to oxidative stress and LC-PUFAs peroxidation, other stress-related mechanisms may also contribute to the development of various CNS malfunctions, and a good example of such mechanisms is the process of lipofuscin formation occurring particularly in the retina, an integral part of the CNS. The retinal lipofuscin is formed and accumulated by the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as a consequence of both visual process taking place in photoreceptor-RPE functional complex and metabolic insufficiency of RPE lysosomal compartment. Among various retinal lipofuscin constituents, bisretinoids, originating from all-trans retinal substrate--a photometabolite of visual pigment cofactor 11-cis-retinal (responsible for photon capturing), are endowed with cytotoxic and complement-activating potential which increases upon illumination and oxidation. This survey deals with oxidative stress, PUFAs (especially DHA) peroxidation products of carboxyalkylpyrrole type and bisretinoids as potential inducers of the CNS pathology. A focus is put on vision-threatening disease, i.e., age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as an example of the CNS disorder whose pathogenesis has strong background in both oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Z Nowak
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Scientific Board, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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Abstract
Despite the damaging effect on tissues at a high concentration, it has been gradually established that oxidative stress plays a positive role during angiogenesis. In adults, physiological or pathological angiogenesis is initiated by tissue demands for oxygen and nutrients, resulting in a hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle, which, in turn promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS can be generated either endogenously, through mitochondrial electron transport chain reactions and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, or exogenously, resulting from exposure to environmental agents, such as ultraviolet or ionizing radiation. In many conditions, ROS promotes angiogenesis, either directly or via the generation of active oxidation products, including peroxidized lipids. The latter lipid metabolites are generated in excess during atherosclerosis, thereby linking atherogenic processes and pathological angiogenesis. Although the main mechanism of oxidative stress-induced angiogenesis involves hypoxia-inducible factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, recent studies have identified several pathways that are VEGF-independent. This review aims to provide a summary of the past and present views on the role of oxidative stress as a mediator and modulator of angiogenesis, and to highlight newly identified mechanisms.
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Pizzimenti S, Ciamporcero E, Daga M, Pettazzoni P, Arcaro A, Cetrangolo G, Minelli R, Dianzani C, Lepore A, Gentile F, Barrera G. Interaction of aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation and membrane proteins. Front Physiol 2013; 4:242. [PMID: 24027536 PMCID: PMC3761222 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A great variety of compounds are formed during lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids of membrane phospholipids. Among them, bioactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxyalkenals, malondialdehyde (MDA) and acrolein, have received particular attention since they have been considered as toxic messengers that can propagate and amplify oxidative injury. In the 4-hydroxyalkenal class, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is the most intensively studied aldehyde, in relation not only to its toxic function, but also to its physiological role. Indeed, HNE can be found at low concentrations in human tissues and plasma and participates in the control of biological processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Moreover, at low doses, HNE exerts an anti-cancer effect, by inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell adhesion and by inducing differentiation and/or apoptosis in various tumor cell lines. It is very likely that a substantial fraction of the effects observed in cellular responses, induced by HNE and related aldehydes, be mediated by their interaction with proteins, resulting in the formation of covalent adducts or in the modulation of their expression and/or activity. In this review we focus on membrane proteins affected by lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes, under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pizzimenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino Torino, Italy
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Charvet CD, Saadane A, Wang M, Salomon RG, Brunengraber H, Turko IV, Pikuleva IA. Pretreatment with pyridoxamine mitigates isolevuglandin-associated retinal effects in mice exposed to bright light. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29267-80. [PMID: 23970548 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.498832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of antioxidant therapy for treating age-related macular degeneration, a devastating retinal disease, are limited. Perhaps species other than reactive oxygen intermediates should be considered as therapeutic targets. These could be lipid peroxidation products, including isolevuglandins (isoLGs), prototypical and extraordinarily reactive γ-ketoaldehydes that avidly bind to proteins, phospholipids, and DNA and modulate the properties of these biomolecules. We found isoLG adducts in aged human retina but not in the retina of mice kept under dim lighting. Hence, to test whether scavenging of isoLGs could complement or supplant antioxidant therapy, we exposed mice to bright light and found that this insult leads to retinal isoLG-adduct formation. We then pretreated mice with pyridoxamine, a B6 vitamer and efficient scavenger of γ-ketoaldehydes, and found that the levels of retinal isoLG adducts are decreased, and morphological changes in photoreceptor mitochondria are not as pronounced as in untreated animals. Our study demonstrates that preventing the damage to biomolecules by lipid peroxidation products, a novel concept in vision research, is a viable strategy to combat oxidative stress in the retina.
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Spickett CM. The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: Advances in chemistry and analysis. Redox Biol 2013; 1:145-52. [PMID: 24024147 PMCID: PMC3757682 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is one of the most studied products of phospholipid peroxidation, owing to its reactivity and cytotoxicity. It can be formed by several radical-dependent oxidative routes involving the formation of hydroperoxides, alkoxyl radicals, epoxides, and fatty acyl cross-linking reactions. Cleavage of the oxidized fatty acyl chain results in formation of HNE from the methyl end, and 9-oxo-nonanoic acid from the carboxylate or esterified end of the chain, although many other products are also possible. HNE can be metabolized in tissues by a variety of pathways, leading to detoxification and excretion. HNE-adducts to proteins have been detected in inflammatory situations such as atherosclerotic lesions using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, which have also been applied in ELISAs and western blotting. However, in order to identify the proteins modified and the exact sites and nature of the modifications, mass spectrometry approaches are required. Combinations of enrichment strategies with targetted mass spectrometry routines such as neutral loss scanning are now facilitating detection of HNE-modified proteins in complex biological samples. This is important for characterizing the interactions of HNE with redox sensitive cell signalling proteins and understanding how it may modulate their activities either physiologically or in disease.
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Key Words
- Anti-HNE antibodies
- DHN-MA, 1,4-Dihydroxynonane-mercapturic acid
- DNPH, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
- ESI, Electrospray ionization
- FT-ICR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
- HNE, 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal
- HNE-protein adducts
- HODA, 9-Hydroxy-12-oxo-10(E)-dodecenoic acid
- HPETE, Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- HPODE, Hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid
- Hydroxyalkenal
- KODA, 9-Keto-12-oxo-10(E)-dodecenoic acid
- MALDI, Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- MS, Mass spectrometry
- Mab, Monoclonal antibody
- Mass spectrometry
- Neutral loss scanning
- ONA, 9-Oxo-nonanoic acid
- ONE, 9-Oxo-2-nonenal
- PETE, Peroxyeicosatetraenoate
- PODE, Peroxyoctadecadienoate
- Redox signalling
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne M Spickett
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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Abstract
Free radical-induced oxidation of membrane phospholipids generates complex mixtures of oxidized phospholipids (oxPLs). The combinatorial operation of a few dozen reaction types on a few dozen phospholipid structures results in the production of a dauntingly vast diversity of oxPL molecular species. Structural identification of the individual oxPL in these mixtures is a redoubtable challenge that is absolutely essential to allow determination of the biological activities of individual species. With an emphasis on cardiovascular consequences, this Review focuses on biological activities of oxPLs whose molecular structures are known and highlights 2 diametrically opposite approaches that were used to determine those structures, that is, (1) the classic approach from bioactivity of a complex mixture to isolation and structural characterization of the active molecule followed by confirmation of the structure by unambiguous chemical synthesis and (2) hypothesis of products that are likely to be generated by lipid oxidation, followed by synthesis, and then detection in vivo guided by the availability of authentic standards, and last, characterization of biological activities. Especially important for the application of the second paradigm is the capability of LC-MS/MS and derivatizations to selectively detect and quantify specific oxPL in complex mixtures, without the need for their isolation or complete separation. This technology can provide strong evidence for identity by comparisons with pure, well-characterized samples available by chemical syntheses. Those pure samples are critical for determining the biological activities attributable to specific molecular species of oxPLs in the complex mixtures generated in vivo as a consequence of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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DeVolder RJ, Zill AT, Jeong JH, Kong H. Microfabrication of proangiogenic cell-Laden alginate-g-Pyrrole hydrogels. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7718-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Panigrahi S, Ma Y, Hong L, Gao D, West XZ, Salomon RG, Byzova TV, Podrez EA. Engagement of platelet toll-like receptor 9 by novel endogenous ligands promotes platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis. Circ Res 2012; 112:103-12. [PMID: 23071157 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.274241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE A prothrombotic state and increased platelet reactivity are common in pathophysiological conditions associated with oxidative stress and infections. Such conditions are associated with an appearance of altered-self ligands in circulation that can be recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Platelets express a number of TLRs, including TLR9; however, the role of TLR in platelet function and thrombosis is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the biological activities of carboxy(alkylpyrrole) protein adducts, an altered-self ligand generated in oxidative stress, on platelet function and thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study we show that carboxy(alkylpyrrole) protein adducts represent novel unconventional ligands for TLR9. Furthermore, using human and murine platelets, we demonstrate that carboxy(alkylpyrrole) protein adducts promote platelet activation, granule secretion, and aggregation in vitro and thrombosis in vivo via the TLR9/MyD88 pathway. Platelet activation by TLR9 ligands induces IRAK1 and AKT phosphorylation, and it is Src kinase-dependent. Physiological platelet agonists act synergistically with TLR9 ligands by inducing TLR9 expression on the platelet surface. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that platelet TLR9 is a functional platelet receptor that links oxidative stress, innate immunity, and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Panigrahi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NB-5, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Salomon RG, Hong L, Hollyfield JG. Discovery of carboxyethylpyrroles (CEPs): critical insights into AMD, autism, cancer, and wound healing from basic research on the chemistry of oxidized phospholipids. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1803-16. [PMID: 21875030 DOI: 10.1021/tx200206v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Basic research, exploring the hypothesis that 2-(ω-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP) modifications of proteins are generated nonenzymatically in vivo is delivering a bonanza of molecular mechanistic insights into age-related macular degeneration, autism, cancer, and wound healing. CEPs are produced through covalent modification of protein lysyl ε-amino groups by γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipids that are formed by oxidative cleavage of docosahexaenate-containing phospholipids. Chemical synthesis of CEP-modified proteins and the production of highly specific antibodies that recognize them preceded and facilitated their detection in vivo and enabled exploration of their biological occurrence and activities. This investigational approach, from the chemistry of biomolecules to disease phenotype, is proving to be remarkably productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7078, USA.
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Salomon RG, Gu X. Critical insights into cardiovascular disease from basic research on the oxidation of phospholipids: the γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipid hypothesis. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1791-802. [PMID: 21870852 DOI: 10.1021/tx200207z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Basic research, exploring the hypothesis that γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipids are generated in vivo through oxidative cleavage of polyunsaturated phospholipids, is delivering a bonanza of molecular mechanistic insights into cardiovascular disease. Rather than targeting a specific pathology, these studies were predicated on the presumption that a fundamental understanding of lipid oxidation is likely to provide critical insights into disease processes. This investigational approach, from the chemistry of biomolecules to disease phenotype, that complements the more common opposite paradigm, is proving remarkably productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7078, USA.
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Gu X, Zhang W, Choi J, Li W, Chen X, Laird JM, Salomon RG. An (1)O2 route to γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipids by vitamin E-induced fragmentation of hydroperoxydiene-derived endoperoxides. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1080-93. [PMID: 21568309 PMCID: PMC3141739 DOI: 10.1021/tx200093m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biologically active phospholipids that incorporate an oxidatively truncated acyl chain terminated by a γ-hydroxyalkenal are generated in vivo. The γ-hydroxyalkenal moiety protrudes from lipid bilayers like whiskers that serve as ligands for the scavenger receptor CD36, fostering endocytosis, e.g., of oxidatively damaged photoreceptor cell outer segments by retinal pigmented endothelial cells. They also covalently modify proteins generating carboxyalkyl pyrroles incorporating the ε-amino group of protein lysyl residues. We postulated that γ-hydroxyalkenals could be generated, e.g., in the eye, through fragmentation of hydroperoxy endoperoxides produced in the retina through reactions of singlet molecular oxygen with polyunsaturated phospholipids. Since phospholipid esters are far more abundant in the retina than free fatty acids, we examined the influence of a membrane environment on the fate of hydroperoxy endoperoxides. We now report that linoleate hydroperoxy endoperoxides in thin films and their phospholipid esters in biomimetic membranes fragment to γ-hydroxyalkenals, and fragmentation is stoichiometrically induced by vitamin E. The product distribution from fragmentation of the free acid in the homogeneous environment of a thin film is remarkably different from that from the corresponding phospholipid in a membrane. In the membrane, further oxidation of the initially formed γ-hydroxyalkenal to a butenolide is disfavored. A conformational preference for the γ-hydroxyalkenal, to protrude from the membrane into the aqueous phase, may protect it from oxidation induced by lipid hydroperoxides that remain buried in the lipophilic membrane core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Wujuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - James M. Laird
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Robert G. Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
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Choi J, Laird JM, Salomon RG. An efficient synthesis of γ-hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated aldehydic esters of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:580-7. [PMID: 21123073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The diverse biological activities of γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipids and their involvement in disease are the subject of intense study. Phospholipid aldehydes, such as the 4-hydroxy-7-oxohept-5-enoic acid ester of 2-lyso-phosphatidylcholine (HOHA-PC), the 5-hydroxy-8-oxo-6-octenoic acid ester of 2-lyso-PC (HOOA-PC), and the 9-hydroxy-12-oxododec-10-enoic acid ester of 2-lyso-PC (HODA-PC), are generated by oxidative cleavage of polyunsaturated fatty acyl phospholipids. To facilitate investigations of their chemistry and biology, we now report efficient total synthesis of HOOA, HODA, and HOHA phospholipids. Because the target γ-hydroxyalkenals readily decompose through oxidation of the aldehyde group to a carboxylic acid or through cyclization to furans, these synthesis generate the sensitive functional array of the target phospholipids under mild conditions from acetal derivatives that are suitable for long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7078, United States
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Choi J, Zhang W, Gu X, Chen X, Hong L, Laird JM, Salomon RG. Lysophosphatidylcholine is generated by spontaneous deacylation of oxidized phospholipids. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 24:111-8. [PMID: 20973507 DOI: 10.1021/tx100305b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), present in oxidatively damaged low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), are implicated in cardiovascular complications. LysoPC is generated by free radical-catalyzed oxidation of polyunsaturated PCs to oxidatively truncated phosphophatidylcholines (oxPCs). It is known that oxPCs are especially susceptible to hydrolysis by platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, a phospholipase (PL) A(2) that exists in plasma largely in association with LDL. Drugs that aim to prevent the generation of lysoPC by inhibiting this PLA(2)-catalyzed hydrolysis are in advanced clinical trials. We now report that spontaneous deacylation oxPCs, such as 1-palmityl-2-(4-hydroxy-7-oxo-5-heptenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, occurs readily under physiological conditions of temperature and pH (t(1/2) = 30 min at 37 °C and pH 7.4). We also show that this reaction proceeds through an intramolecular transesterification mechanism. Because antiphospholipase drugs cannot block this nonenzymatic pathway to lysoPC, additional therapeutic measures may be needed to avoid the pathological consequences of the newly discovered biomolecular chemistry of oxPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Mesaros C, Gugiu BG, Zhou R, Lee SH, Choi J, Laird J, Blair IA, Salomon RG. A 13-Oxo-9,10-epoxytridecenoate Phospholipid Analogue of the Genotoxic 4,5-Epoxy-2 E-decenal: Detection in Vivo, Chemical Synthesis, and Adduction with DNA. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 23:516-27. [DOI: 10.1021/tx9002484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Mesaros
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Bogdan G. Gugiu
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Seon Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - James Laird
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Ian A. Blair
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
| | - Robert G. Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2074 Adelbert Road, Millis 212, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160
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Hollyfield JG, Perez VL, Salomon RG. A hapten generated from an oxidation fragment of docosahexaenoic acid is sufficient to initiate age-related macular degeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2010; 41:290-8. [PMID: 20221855 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-010-8110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The protein adduct carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) is present in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) eye tissue and in the blood of AMD patients at higher levels than found in age-matched non-AMD tissues. Autoantibodies to CEP are also higher in AMD blood samples than in controls. To test the hypothesis that this hapten is causally involved in initiating an inflammatory response in AMD, we immunized C57BL/6J mice with mouse serum albumin (MSA) adducted with CEP. Immunized mice develop antibodies to CEP, fix complement component-3 in Bruch's membrane, accumulate drusen below the retinal pigment epithelium during aging, show decreased a- and b-wave amplitudes in response to light, and develop lesions in the retinal pigment epithelium mimicking geographic atrophy, the blinding end-stage condition characteristic of the dry form of AMD. Inflammatory cells are present in the region of lesions and may be actively involved in the pathology observed. We conclude that early immunization of mice with CEP-adducted MSA sensitizes these animals to the ongoing production of CEP adducts in the outer retina where DHA is abundant and the conditions for oxidative damage are permissive. In response to this early sensitization, the immune system mounts a complement-mediated attack on the cells of the outer retina where CEP adducts are formed. This animal model for AMD is the first that was developed from an inflammatory signal discovered in eye tissue and blood from AMD patients. It provides a novel opportunity for dissecting the early pathology of AMD and the immune response contributing to this disorder. The availability of a mouse with a mechanistically based AMD-like disease that progresses rapidly is highly desirable. Such a model will allow for the efficient preclinical testing of the much-needed therapeutics quickly and inexpensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe G Hollyfield
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Identification of damaged proteins in human serum using modified Ehrlich's reagent to target protein-bound pyrroles. Anal Biochem 2009; 398:76-82. [PMID: 19932075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein-bound pyrroles are a sign of oxidative damage. Here we report a specific method for detecting pyrrole-containing proteins using biotin-labeled Ehrlich's reagent (ER-B). After treatment of either human serum or isolated human serum proteins with various oxidizing agents, damaged, biotin-labeled components could be detected by blotting. Combining the use of ER-B with proteomic techniques allowed human serum proteins susceptible to oxidative damage to be detected and then identified by LC/MS/MS. Identification of such proteins in different human conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease should lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and the development of specific assays to monitor health status.
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Synthesis and structural characterization of carboxyethylpyrrole-modified proteins: mediators of age-related macular degeneration. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7548-61. [PMID: 19786352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein modifications in which the epsilon-amino group of lysyl residues is incorporated into a 2-(omega-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP) are mediators of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). They promote both angiogenesis into the retina ('wet AMD') and geographic retinal atrophy ('dry AMD'). Blood levels of CEPs are biomarkers for clinical prognosis of the disease. To enable mechanistic studies of their role in promoting AMD, for example, through the activation of B- and T-cells, interaction with receptors, or binding with complement proteins, we developed an efficient synthesis of CEP derivatives, that is especially effective for proteins. The structures of tryptic peptides derived from CEP-modified proteins were also determined. A key finding is that 4,7-dioxoheptanoic acid 9-fluorenylmethyl ester reacts with primary amines to provide 9-fluorenylmethyl esters of CEP-modified proteins that can be deprotected in situ with 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene without causing protein denaturation. The introduction of multiple CEP-modifications with a wide variety of CEP:protein ratios is readily achieved using this strategy.
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47
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Onyango AN, Baba N. A non-radical mechanism for the rearrangement of linoleic acid dihydroperoxides. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b909637j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Suji G, Sivakami S. Malondialdehyde, a lipid-derived aldehyde alters the reactivity of Cys34 and the esterase activity of serum albumin. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:618-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fruhwirth GO, Loidl A, Hermetter A. Oxidized phospholipids: From molecular properties to disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2007; 1772:718-36. [PMID: 17570293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized lipids are generated from (poly)unsaturated diacyl- and alk(en)ylacyl glycerophospholipids under conditions of oxidative stress. The great variety of reaction products is defined by the degree of modification, hydrophobicity, chemical reactivity, physical properties and biological activity. The biological activities of these compounds may depend on both, the recognition of the particular molecular structures by specific receptors and on the unspecific physical and chemical effects on their target systems (membranes, proteins). In this review, we aim at highlighting the molecular features that are essential for the understanding of the biological actions of pure oxidized phospholipids. Firstly, their chemical structures are described as a basis for an understanding of their physical and (bio)chemical properties in membrane- and protein-bound form. Secondly, the biological activities of oxidized phospholipids are discussed in terms of their unspecific effects on the membrane level as well as their potential interactions with specific targets (receptors) affecting a large set of (signaling) molecules. Finally, the role of oxidized phospholipids as important mediators in pathophysiology is discussed with emphasis on atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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50
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Ebrahem Q, Renganathan K, Sears J, Vasanji A, Gu X, Lu L, Salomon RG, Crabb JW, Anand-Apte B. Carboxyethylpyrrole oxidative protein modifications stimulate neovascularization: Implications for age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:13480-4. [PMID: 16938854 PMCID: PMC1569188 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0601552103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV), the advanced stage of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), accounts for >80% of vision loss in AMD. Carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) protein modifications, uniquely generated from oxidation of docosahexaenoate-containing lipids, are more abundant in Bruch's membrane from AMD eyes. We tested the hypothesis that CEP protein adducts stimulate angiogenesis and possibly contribute to CNV in AMD. Human serum albumin (HSA) or acetyl-Gly-Lys-O-methyl ester (dipeptide) were chemically modified to yield CEP-modified HSA (CEP-HSA) or CEP-dipeptide. The in vivo angiogenic properties of CEP-HSA and CEP-dipeptide were demonstrated by using the chick chorioallantoic membrane and rat corneal micropocket assays. Low picomole amounts of CEP-HSA and CEP-dipeptide stimulated neovascularization. Monoclonal anti-CEP antibody neutralized limbal vessel growth stimulated by CEP-HSA, whereas anti-VEGF antibody was found to only partially neutralize vessel growth. Subretinal injections of CEP-modified mouse serum albumin exacerbated laser-induced CNV in mice. In vitro treatments of human retinal pigment epithelial cells with CEP-dipeptide or CEP-HSA did not induce increased VEGF secretion. Overall, these results suggest that CEP-induced angiogenesis utilizes VEGF-independent pathways and that anti-CEP therapeutic modalities might be of value in limiting CNV in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kutralanathan Renganathan
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | - Amit Vasanji
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
| | | | - Liang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Robert G. Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - John W. Crabb
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
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