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Li Z, Ballance W, Joy M, Patel S, Hwang J, Kong H, Saif TA. Adaptive biohybrid pumping machine with flow loop feedback. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35045402 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac4d19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered living machines is an emerging discipline that employs complex interactions between living cells and engineered scaffolds to self-assemble biohybrid systems for diverse scientific research and technological applications. Here, we report an adaptive, autonomous biohybrid pumping machine with flow loop feedback powered by engineered living muscles. The tissue is made from skeletal muscle cells (C2C12) and collagen /Matrigel matrix, which self-assembles into a ring that compresses a soft tube connected at both ends to a rigid fluidic platform. The muscle ring contracts in a cyclic fashion autonomously, squeezing the tube forming an impedance pump. The resulting flow is circulated back to the muscle ring forming a feedback loop, which allows the pump to respond to the cues received from the flow it generates and adaptively manage its pumping performances based on the feedback. The developed biohybrid pumping system may have broad utility and impact in health, medicine and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, Urbana, Illinois, 61801-2946, UNITED STATES
| | - William Ballance
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, Urbana, 61801-3028, UNITED STATES
| | - Md Joy
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, UNITED STATES
| | - Shrey Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, Urbana, 61801-3028, UNITED STATES
| | - Joanne Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, Urbana, 61801-3028, UNITED STATES
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, 600 S Mathew Street, 108 RAL, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, UNITED STATES
| | - Taher A Saif
- Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, Mechanical Eng. Building, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, Urbana, 61801, UNITED STATES
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Leimert KB, Xu W, Princ MM, Chemtob S, Olson DM. Inflammatory Amplification: A Central Tenet of Uterine Transition for Labor. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:660983. [PMID: 34490133 PMCID: PMC8417473 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.660983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In preparation for delivery, the uterus transitions from actively maintaining quiescence during pregnancy to an active parturient state. This transition occurs as a result of the accumulation of pro-inflammatory signals which are amplified by positive feedback interactions involving paracrine and autocrine signaling at the level of each intrauterine cell and tissue. The amplification events occur in parallel until they reach a certain threshold, ‘tipping the scale’ and contributing to processes of uterine activation and functional progesterone withdrawal. The described signaling interactions all occur upstream from the presentation of clinical labor symptoms. In this review, we will: 1) describe the different physiological processes involved in uterine transition for each intrauterine tissue; 2) compare and contrast the current models of labor initiation; 3) introduce innovative models for measuring paracrine inflammatory interactions; and 4) discuss the therapeutic value in identifying and targeting key players in this crucial event for preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelycia B Leimert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wendy Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Magdalena M Princ
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David M Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Singh R, Lillard JW, Singh S. Chemokines: key players in cancer progression and metastasis. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2011; 3:1569-82. [PMID: 21622291 DOI: 10.2741/246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Instructed cell migration is a fundamental component of various biological systems and is critical to the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. Role of chemokines in providing navigational cues to migrating cancer cells bearing specific receptors is well established. However, functional mechanisms of chemokine are not well implicit, which is crucial for designing new therapeutics to control tumor growth and metastasis. Multiple functions and mode of actions have been advocated for chemokines and their receptors in the progression of primary and secondary tumors. In this review, we have discussed current advances in understanding the role of the chemokines and their corresponding receptor in tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.
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Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a 23-kDa protein hormone that binds to a single-span membrane receptor, a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily, and exerts its action via several interacting signaling pathways. PRL is a multifunctional hormone that affects multiple reproductive and metabolic functions and is also involved in tumorigenicity. In addition to being a classical pituitary hormone, PRL in humans is produced by many tissues throughout the body where it acts as a cytokine. The objective of this review is to compare and contrast multiple aspects of PRL, from structure to regulation, and from physiology to pathology in rats, mice, and humans. At each juncture, questions are raised whether, or to what extent, data from rodents are relevant to PRL homeostasis in humans. Most current knowledge on PRL has been obtained from studies with rats and, more recently, from the use of transgenic mice. Although this information is indispensable for understanding PRL in human health and disease, there is sufficient disparity in the control of the production, distribution, and physiological functions of PRL among these species to warrant careful and judicial extrapolation to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nira Ben-Jonathan
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45255, USA.
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Yazhou C, Wenlv S, Weidong Z, Licun W. Clinicopathological significance of stromal myofibroblasts in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Tumour Biol 2004; 25:290-5. [PMID: 15627894 DOI: 10.1159/000081394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2004] [Accepted: 08/02/2004] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of CD34-positive fibroblasts and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA)-reactive myofibroblasts in the stroma of benign and malignant breast lesions and, secondly, to determine whether the presence of stromal myofibroblasts is associated with some of the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. The presence of stromal CD34-positive fibroblasts and myofibroblasts was investigated (as defined immunohistochemically) in 8 normal breast tissue samples, 58 invasive ductal carcinomas, 9 ductal carcinomas in situ and 16 specimens with benign lesions of the breast (fibroadenomas, ductal hyperplasias). We further studied the correlations between the presence of stromal myofibroblasts with 7 clinicopathological parameters in 58 invasive ductal carcinomas. The results indicated that the stroma of normal breast tissues contained CD34-positive fibroblasts. All benign breast lesions exhibited stromal CD34-positive fibroblasts. In contrast, the stroma of ductal carcinomas showed a complete loss of CD34-positive fibroblasts. alpha-SMA expression in stromal fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) was not detected in normal tissue samples or benign lesions except in 1 case of fibroadenoma, whereas positive myofibroblasts were found in 44.4% of ductal carcinomas in situ and 56.9% of invasive breast carcinomas. Comparison of clinicopathological parameters between invasive ductal carcinomas with and without stromal myofibroblasts revealed significant differences in lymph node metastasis, high histological grade and high microvessel density. These results suggest that CD34 loss and the presence of myofibroblasts favor the diagnosis of breast carcinoma. In invasive ductal carcinoma, the presence of stromal myofibroblasts correlated significantly with pathological parameters associated with a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yazhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China.
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