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Lageveen‐Kammeijer GSM, Kuster B, Reusch D, Wuhrer M. High sensitivity glycomics in biomedicine. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:1014-1039. [PMID: 34494287 PMCID: PMC9788051 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Many analytical challenges in biomedicine arise from the generally high heterogeneity and complexity of glycan- and glycoconjugate-containing samples, which are often only available in minute amounts. Therefore, highly sensitive workflows and detection methods are required. In this review mass spectrometric workflows and detection methods are evaluated for glycans and glycoproteins. Furthermore, glycomic methodologies and innovations that are tailored for enzymatic treatments, chemical derivatization, purification, separation, and detection at high sensitivity are highlighted. The discussion is focused on the analysis of mammalian N-linked and GalNAc-type O-linked glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair for Proteomics and BioanalyticsTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Dietmar Reusch
- Pharma Technical Development EuropeRoche Diagnostics GmbHPenzbergGermany
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical CenterCenter for Proteomics and MetabolomicsLeidenThe Netherlands
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Večeřa J, Bártová E, Krejčí J, Legartová S, Komůrková D, Rudá-Kučerová J, Štark T, Dražanová E, Kašpárek T, Šulcová A, Dekker FJ, Szymanski W, Seiser C, Weitzer G, Mechoulam R, Micale V, Kozubek S. HDAC1 and HDAC3 underlie dynamic H3K9 acetylation during embryonic neurogenesis and in schizophrenia-like animals. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:530-548. [PMID: 28300292 PMCID: PMC7615847 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although histone acetylation is one of the most widely studied epigenetic modifications, there is still a lack of information regarding how the acetylome is regulated during brain development and pathophysiological processes. We demonstrate that the embryonic brain (E15) is characterized by an increase in H3K9 acetylation as well as decreases in the levels of HDAC1 and HDAC3. Moreover, experimental induction of H3K9 hyperacetylation led to the overexpression of NCAM in the embryonic cortex and depletion of Sox2 in the subventricular ependyma, which mimicked the differentiation processes. Inducing differentiation in HDAC1-deficient mouse ESCs resulted in early H3K9 deacetylation, Sox2 downregulation, and enhanced astrogliogenesis, whereas neuro-differentiation was almost suppressed. Neuro-differentiation of (wt) ESCs was characterized by H3K9 hyperacetylation that was associated with HDAC1 and HDAC3 depletion. Conversely, the hippocampi of schizophrenia-like animals showed H3K9 deacetylation that was regulated by an increase in both HDAC1 and HDAC3. The hippocampi of schizophrenia-like brains that were treated with the cannabinoid receptor-1 inverse antagonist AM251 expressed H3K9ac at the level observed in normal brains. Together, the results indicate that co-regulation of H3K9ac by HDAC1 and HDAC3 is important to both embryonic brain development and neuro-differentiation as well as the pathophysiology of a schizophrenia-like phenotype.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Animals
- Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/embryology
- Brain/enzymology
- Brain/pathology
- Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gestational Age
- Histone Deacetylase 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Histone Deacetylase 1/genetics
- Histone Deacetylase 1/metabolism
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Histones/metabolism
- Methylazoxymethanol Acetate
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Neurogenesis/drug effects
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/enzymology
- Neurons/pathology
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- SOXB1 Transcription Factors/genetics
- SOXB1 Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Schizophrenia/chemically induced
- Schizophrenia/drug therapy
- Schizophrenia/enzymology
- Schizophrenia/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Večeřa
- Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Bártová
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Krejčí
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa Legartová
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Komůrková
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Rudá-Kučerová
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Štark
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Dražanová
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kašpárek
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Group, CEITEC—Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Šulcová
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Group, CEITEC—Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Seiser
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Weitzer
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphael Mechoulam
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vincenzo Micale
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Group, CEITEC—Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stanislav Kozubek
- Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update covering the period 1999-2000. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:595-662. [PMID: 16642463 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and continues coverage of the field from the previous review published in 1999 (D. J. Harvey, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of carbohydrates, 1999, Mass Spectrom Rev, 18:349-451) for the period 1999-2000. As MALDI mass spectrometry is acquiring the status of a mature technique in this field, there has been a greater emphasis on applications rather than to method development as opposed to the previous review. The present review covers applications to plant-derived carbohydrates, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, mucins, glycosaminoglycans, bacterial glycolipids, glycosphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids and related compounds, and glycosides. Applications of MALDI mass spectrometry to the study of enzymes acting on carbohydrates (glycosyltransferases and glycosidases) and to the synthesis of carbohydrates, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.
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Ohl C, Albach C, Altevogt P, Schmitz B. N-glycosylation patterns of HSA/CD24 from different cell lines and brain homogenates: a comparison. Biochimie 2003; 85:565-73. [PMID: 12829373 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(03)00107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-glycans of the mouse glycoprotein HSA and its human analogue CD24 from lymphoblastoma, neuroblastoma and astrocytoma cell lines as well as from mouse brain homogenate were analysed and compared to each other and to the N-glycosylation pattern of total glycoproteins from mouse and human brain. The N-glycans were released from PVDF-blotted HSA or CD24 and separated on Carbograph SPE into neutral and acid glycans. The naturally neutral glycan fraction and the fraction of glycans rendered neutral after neuraminidase treatment were analysed without further purification by MALDI-MS. In each fraction, about 25 molecular ions with an intensity >10% of the base peak were identified which corresponded to glycans with distinct isobaric monosaccharide compositions. Comparison of the neutral and desialylated glycans revealed some similarities between the samples analysed, but also clear differences. HSA and CD24 from all cell lines express almost no neutral N-glycans with two or more fucose in contrast to brain HSA and glycoproteins from mouse and human brain. The lack of extensive fucosylation was also observed for desialylated glycans of HSA and CD24 from all cell lines analysed except for CD24 from a human neuroblastoma cell line which exhibits like total human and mouse brain glycoproteins a large variety of highly fucosylated, higher branched N-glycans. HSA from mouse brain carries in addition desialylated non-fucosylated glycans of high abundance which were detected, if at all, only at low intensity in all other samples analysed suggesting that they may be implicated in specific functions of mouse brain HSA. Therefore, a rapid assessment of similarities or differences between glycosylation patterns of a glycoprotein isolated from different sources is possible using methods as described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ohl
- Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Animal Health, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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