1
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Bibars RS, Al-Balas QA. Computational fragment-based drug design of potential Glo-I inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2301758. [PMID: 38247330 PMCID: PMC10810659 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2301758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a fragment-based drug design approach, particularly de novo drug design, was implemented utilising three different crystal structures in order to discover new privileged scaffolds against glyoxalase-I enzyme as anticancer agents. The fragments were evoluted to indicate potential inhibitors with high receptor affinities. The resulting compounds were served as a benchmark for choosing similar compounds from the ASINEX® database by applying different computational ligand-based drug design techniques. Afterwards, the selection of potential hits was further aided by various structure-based approaches. Then, 14 compounds were purchased, and tested in vitro against Glo-I enzyme. Of the tested 14 hits, the biological screening results showed humble activities where the percentage of Glo-I inhibition ranged from 0-18.70 %. Compound 19 and compound 28, whose percentage of inhibitions are 18.70 and 15.80%, respectively, can be considered as hits that need further optimisation in order to be converted into lead-like compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa S. Bibars
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Qosay A. Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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2
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Wan YX, Qi XW, Lian YY, Liu ZY, Wang H, Qiu YQ, Zhang CG, Li WN, Jiang HL, Yang DH, Zhao W, Chen ZS, Huang JC. Electroacupuncture facilitates vascular normalization by inhibiting Glyoxalase1 in endothelial cells to attenuate glycolysis and angiogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217094. [PMID: 38945204 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Recent therapeutic strategies for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have shifted the focus from vascular growth factors to endothelial cell metabolism. This study highlights the underexplored therapeutic potential of peri-tumoral electroacupuncture, a globally accepted non-pharmacological intervention for TNBC, and molecular mechanisms. Our study showed that peri-tumoral electroacupuncture effectively reduced the density of microvasculature and enhanced vascular functionality in 4T1 breast cancer xenografts, with optimal effects on day 3 post-acupuncture. The timely integration of peri-tumoral electroacupuncture amplified the anti-tumor efficacy of paclitaxel. Multi-omics analysis revealed Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and the associated methylglyoxal-glycolytic pathway as key mediators of electroacupuncture-induced vascular normalization. Peri-tumoral electroacupuncture notably reduced Glo1 expression in the endothelial cells of 4T1 xenografts. Using an in vivo matrigel plug angiogenesis assay, we demonstrated that either Glo1 knockdown or electroacupuncture inhibited angiogenesis. In contrast, Glo1 overexpression increased blood vessel formation. In vitro pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown of Glo1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis via downregulating the methylglyoxal-glycolytic pathway. The study using the Glo1-silenced zebrafish model further supported the role of Glo1 in vascular development. This study underscores the pivotal role of Glo1 in peri-tumoral electroacupuncture, spotlighting a promising avenue for enhancing vascular normalization and improving TNBC treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Wan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xue-Wei Qi
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan-Yan Lian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ze-Yu Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu-Qin Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chun-Guang Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wen-Na Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hong-Lin Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- New York College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guanganmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
| | - Jin-Chang Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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3
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Alhujaily M. Glyoxalase System in Breast and Ovarian Cancers: Role of MEK/ERK/SMAD1 Pathway. Biomolecules 2024; 14:584. [PMID: 38785990 PMCID: PMC11117840 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase system, comprising GLO1 and GLO2 enzymes, is integral in detoxifying methylglyoxal (MGO) generated during glycolysis, with dysregulation implicated in various cancer types. The MEK/ERK/SMAD1 signaling pathway, crucial in cellular processes, influences tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Altered GLO1 expression in cancer showcases its complex role in cellular adaptation and cancer aggressiveness. GLO2 exhibits context-dependent functions, contributing to both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic effects in different cancer scenarios. Research highlights the interconnected nature of these systems, particularly in ovarian cancer and breast cancer. The glyoxalase system's involvement in drug resistance and its impact on the MEK/ERK/SMAD1 signaling cascade underscore their clinical significance. Furthermore, this review delves into the urgent need for effective biomarkers, exemplified in ovarian cancer, where the RAGE-ligand pathway emerges as a potential diagnostic tool. While therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways hold promise, this review emphasizes the challenges posed by context-dependent effects and intricate crosstalk within the cellular milieu. Insights into the molecular intricacies of these pathways offer a foundation for developing innovative therapeutic approaches, providing hope for enhanced cancer diagnostics and tailored treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Knörlein A, Xiao Y, David Y. Leveraging histone glycation for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:410-420. [PMID: 36804508 PMCID: PMC10121827 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to rely mostly on aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). The increased glycolytic intake enhances the intracellular levels of reactive sugars and sugar metabolites. These reactive species can covalently modify macromolecules in a process termed glycation. Histones are particularly susceptible to glycation, resulting in substantial alterations to chromatin structure, function, and transcriptional output. Growing evidence suggests a link between dysregulated metabolism of tumors and cancer proliferation through epigenetic changes. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of histone glycation, its impact on the epigenetic landscape and cellular fate, and its role in cancer. In addition, we investigate the possibility of using histone glycation as biomarkers and targets for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Knörlein
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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5
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Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Najjarian F, Homaei Rad H, Ardalan M, Teshnehlab M, Zununi Vahed S, Pirmoradi S. Key therapeutic targets implicated at the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma identified through machine-learning approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3840. [PMID: 36882466 PMCID: PMC9992672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer. Early-stage detection plays an essential role in making treatment decisions and identifying dominant molecular mechanisms. We utilized machine learning algorithms to find significant mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) at the early and late stages of HCC. First, pre-processing approaches, including organization, nested cross-validation, cleaning, and normalization were applied. Next, the t-test/ANOVA methods and binary particle swarm optimization were used as a filter and wrapper method in the feature selection step, respectively. Then, classifiers, based on machine learning and deep learning algorithms were utilized to evaluate the discrimination power of selected features (mRNAs and miRNAs) in the classification step. Finally, the association rule mining algorithm was applied to selected features for identifying key mRNAs and miRNAs that can help decode dominant molecular mechanisms in HCC stages. The applied methods could identify key genes associated with the early (e.g., Vitronectin, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD), miR-590) and late-stage (e.g., SPRY domain containing 4, regucalcin, miR-3199-1, miR-194-2, miR-4999) of HCC. This research could establish a clear picture of putative candidate genes, which could be the main actors at the early and late stages of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.,Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farima Najjarian
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Homaei Rad
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Ardalan
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran
| | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran.
| | - Saeed Pirmoradi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.
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6
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Kim JY, Jung JH, Lee SJ, Han SS, Hong SH. Glyoxalase 1 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Cells 2022; 45:869-876. [PMID: 36172978 PMCID: PMC9794553 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a dicarbonyl compound formed in cells mainly by the spontaneous degradation of the triose phosphate intermediates of glycolysis. MG is a powerful precursor of advanced glycation end products, which lead to strong dicarbonyl and oxidative stress. Although divergent functions of MG have been observed depending on its concentration, MG is considered to be a potential anti-tumor factor due to its cytotoxic effects within the oncologic domain. MG detoxification is carried out by the glyoxalase system. Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), the ubiquitous glutathione-dependent enzyme responsible for MG degradation, is considered to be a tumor promoting factor due to it catalyzing the removal of cytotoxic MG. Indeed, various cancer types exhibit increased expression and activity of Glo1 that closely correlate with tumor cell growth and metastasis. Furthermore, mounting evidence suggests that Glo1 contributes to cancer stem cell survival. In this review, we discuss the role of Glo1 in the malignant progression of cancer and its possible use as a promising therapeutic target for tumor therapy. We also summarize therapeutic outcomes of Glo1 inhibitors as prospective treatments for the prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seon-Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- KW-Bio Co., Ltd., Wonju 26487, Korea
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7
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Kaneda N. [Studies on the Isolation and Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Phytochemicals]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:977-991. [PMID: 36047225 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the isolation and molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals with anti-tumor or anti-inflammatory properties are important to developing new drugs for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In the course of a study to screen bioactive isoflavones from Erythrina poeppigiana (Leguminosae), we isolated an isoflavone with potent apoptosis-inducing activity against human leukemia HL-60 cells. It was designated erypoegin K. The studies demonstrated an enantiomer, (S)-erypoegin K, displayed selective cytotoxic activity, was a novel inhibitor of topoisomerase II, and possessed anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. We identified other apoptosis-inducing isoflavones with the ability to inhibit glyoxalase I. Dimeric acridone alkaloids, carbazole alkaloids, and coumarin and quinoline derivatives-all obtained mainly from plants in the family Rutaceae-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells via the production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. We also identified terpenoid coumarins, carbazole quinones, rotenoid derivatives, and quinolone alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activities. These compounds reduced nitric oxide (NO) production from RAW264.7 macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharides and interferon-γ. Some of the compounds displayed neuroprotective activity by reducing NO production. This review primarily describes our recent studies on erypoegin K, and other compounds with apoptosis-inducing and anti-inflammatory activities.
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8
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Wang J, Yang X, Wang Z, Wang J. Role of the Glyoxalase System in Breast Cancer and Gynecological Cancer-Implications for Therapeutic Intervention: a Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:857746. [PMID: 35898868 PMCID: PMC9309216 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.857746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyglyoxal (MGO), an essential endogenous dicarbonyl metabolite, can lead to multiple physiological problems including hyperglycemia, kidney diseases, malignant tumors, beyond its normal concentration range. The glyoxalase system, making MGO maintained at a low level, links glycation to carcinogenesis, growth, metastasis, and cancer chemotherapy. The glyoxalase system comprises glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and glyoxalase 2 (Glo2), which is often overexpressed in various tumor tissues. However, very little is known about the glyoxalase system in breast cancer and gynecological cancer. In this review, we introduce the role of the glyoxalase system in breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and cervical cancer, and highlight the potential of the glyoxalase system to be both as a marker for diagnosis and a novel target for antitumor therapy. However, the intrinsic molecular biology and mechanisms of the glyoxalase system in breast cancer and gynecological cancer need further exploration.
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9
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Usami M, Ando K, Shibuya A, Takasawa R, Yokoyama H. Crystal structures of human glyoxalase I and its complex with TLSC702 reveal inhibitor binding mode and substrate preference. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1458-1467. [PMID: 35363883 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human glyoxalase I (hGLO I) is an enzyme for detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), and has been considered an attractive target for the development of new anti-cancer drugs. In our previous report, the GLO I inhibitor TLSC702 induced apoptosis in tumor cells. Here, we determined the crystal structures of hGLO I and its complex with TLSC702. In the complex, the carboxy O atom of TLSC702 is coordinated to Zn2+ , and TLSC702 mainly shows van der Waals interaction with hydrophobic residues. In the inhibitor-unbound structure, glycerol, which has similar functional groups to MG, was bound to Zn2+ , indicating that GLO I can easily bind to MG. This study provides a structural basis to develop better anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Usami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Koki Ando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Asuka Shibuya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hideshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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10
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Lead Optimization and Biological Evaluation of Diazenylbenzenesulfonamides Inhibitors Against Glyoxalase-I Enzyme as Potential Anticancer Agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Alfarouk KO, Alqahtani SS, Alshahrani S, Morgenstern J, Supuran CT, Reshkin SJ. The possible role of methylglyoxal metabolism in cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:2010-2015. [PMID: 34517737 PMCID: PMC8451662 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1972994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours reprogram their metabolism to acquire an evolutionary advantage over normal cells. However, not all such metabolic pathways support energy production. An example of these metabolic pathways is the Methylglyoxal (MG) one. This pathway helps maintain the redox state, and it might act as a phosphate sensor that monitors the intracellular phosphate levels. In this work, we discuss the biochemical step of the MG pathway and interrelate it with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid O Alfarouk
- Department of Evolutionary Pharmacology, and Tumor Metabolism, Hala Alfarouk Cancer Center, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Saad S Alqahtani
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | - Jakob Morgenstern
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Universita Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Stephan J Reshkin
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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12
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Al-Balas QA, Al-Sha'er MA, Hassan MA, Al Zu'bi E. Identification of the first "two digit nano-molar" inhibitors of the human glyoxalase-I enzyme as potential anticancer agents. Med Chem 2021; 18:473-483. [PMID: 34264188 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210714170403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) enzyme is recognized as an indispensable druggable target in cancer treatment. Its inhibition will lead to the accumulation of toxic aldehyde metabolites and cell death. Paramount efforts were spent to discover potential competitive inhibitors to eradicate cancer. OBJECTIVE Based on our previously work on this target for discovering potent inhibitors of this enzyme, herein, we address the discovery of the most potent Glo-I inhibitors reported in literature with two digits nano-molar activity. METHODS Molecular docking and in vitro assay were performed to discover these inhibitors and explore the active site's binding pattern. A detailed SAR scheme was generated, which identifies the significant functionalities responsible for the observed activity. RESULTS Compound 1 with an IC50 of 16.5 nM exhibited the highest activity, catechol moiety as an essential zinc chelating functionality. It has been shown by using molecular modeling techniques that the catechol moiety is responsible for the chelation zinc atom at the active site, an essential feature for enzyme inhibition. CONCLUSION Catechol derivatives are successful zinc chelators in the Glo-I enzyme while showing exceptional activity against the enzyme to the nanomolar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qosay A Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Esra'a Al Zu'bi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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13
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Saeed M, Kausar MA, Singh R, Siddiqui AJ, Akhter A. The Role of Glyoxalase in Glycation and Carbonyl Stress Induced Metabolic Disorders. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:846-859. [PMID: 32368974 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200505101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glycation refers to the covalent binding of sugar molecules to macromolecules, such as DNA, proteins, and lipids in a non-enzymatic reaction, resulting in the formation of irreversibly bound products known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are synthesized in high amounts both in pathological conditions, such as diabetes and under physiological conditions resulting in aging. The body's anti-glycation defense mechanisms play a critical role in removing glycated products. However, if this defense system fails, AGEs start accumulating, which results in pathological conditions. Studies have been shown that increased accumulation of AGEs acts as key mediators in multiple diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, arthritis, cancer, atherosclerosis, decreased skin elasticity, male erectile dysfunction, pulmonary fibrosis, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, glycation of nucleotides, proteins, and phospholipids by α-oxoaldehyde metabolites, such as glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO), causes potential damage to the genome, proteome, and lipidome. Glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1) acts as a part of the anti-glycation defense system by carrying out detoxification of GO and MGO. It has been demonstrated that GLO-1 protects dicarbonyl modifications of the proteome and lipidome, thereby impeding the cell signaling and affecting age-related diseases. Its relationship with detoxification and anti-glycation defense is well established. Glycation of proteins by MGO and GO results in protein misfolding, thereby affecting their structure and function. These findings provide evidence for the rationale that the functional modulation of the GLO pathway could be used as a potential therapeutic target. In the present review, we summarized the newly emerged literature on the GLO pathway, including enzymes regulating the process. In addition, we described small bioactive molecules with the potential to modulate the GLO pathway, thereby providing a basis for the development of new treatment strategies against age-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajeev Singh
- Department of Environmental Studies, Sataywati College, Delhi University, Delhi, India
| | - Arif J Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Akhter
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
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14
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Motomura H, Ozaki A, Tamori S, Onaga C, Nozaki Y, Waki Y, Takasawa R, Yoshizawa K, Mano Y, Sato T, Sasaki K, Ishiguro H, Miyagi Y, Nagashima Y, Yamamoto K, Sato K, Hanawa T, Tanuma SI, Ohno S, Akimoto K. Glyoxalase 1 and protein kinase Cλ as potential therapeutic targets for late-stage breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:547. [PMID: 34093768 PMCID: PMC8170180 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells upregulate the expression levels of glycolytic enzymes in order to reach the increased glycolysis required. One such upregulated glycolytic enzyme is glyoxalase 1 (GLO 1), which catalyzes the conversion of toxic methylglyoxal to nontoxic S-D-lactoylglutathione. Protein kinase Cλ (PKCλ) is also upregulated in various types of cancer and is involved in cancer progression. In the present study, the association between enhanced glycolysis and PKCλ in breast cancer was investigated. In human breast cancer, high GLO 1 expression was associated with high PKCλ expression at the protein (P<0.01) and mRNA levels (P<0.01). Furthermore, Wilcoxon and Cox regression model analysis revealed that patients with stage III–IV tumors with high GLO 1 and PKCλ expression had poor overall survival compared with patients expressing lower levels of these genes [P=0.040 (Gehan-Breslow generalized Wilcoxon test) and P=0.031 (hazard ratio, 2.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–5.16), respectively]. Treatment of MDA-MB-157 and MDA-MB-468 human basal-like breast cancer cells with TLSC702 (a GLO 1 inhibitor) and/or aurothiomalate (a PKCλ inhibitor) reduced both cell viability and tumor-sphere formation. These results suggested that GLO 1 and PKCλ were cooperatively involved in cancer progression and contributed to a poor prognosis in breast cancer. In conclusion, GLO 1 and PKCλ serve as potentially effective therapeutic targets for treatment of late-stage human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Motomura
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ozaki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shoma Tamori
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Chotaro Onaga
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuka Nozaki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuko Waki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takasawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yasunari Mano
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tsugumichi Sato
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan.,Photocatalyst Group, Research and Development Department, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kouji Yamamoto
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takehisa Hanawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Tanuma
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Genomic Medicinal Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohno
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan.,Department of Cancer Biology, Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazunori Akimoto
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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15
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Addition of hydrophobic side chains improve the apoptosis inducibility of the human glyoxalase I inhibitor, TLSC702. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 40:127918. [PMID: 33711442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glyoxalase I (GLO I) is a known therapeutic target in cancer. Even though TLSC702, a GLO I inhibitor that we discovered, induces apoptosis in tumor cells, exceptionally higher doses are required compared with those needed to inhibit GLO I activity in vitro. In this work, structure-activity optimization studies were conducted on four sections of the TLSC702 molecule to determine the partial structural features necessary for the inhibition of GLO I. Herein, we found that the carboxy group in TLSC702 was critical for binding with the divalent zinc at the active site of GLO I. In contrast, the side chain substituents in the meta- and para- positions of the benzene ring had little influence on the in vitro inhibition of GLO I. The CLogP values of the TLSC702 derivatives showed a positive correlation with the antiproliferative effects on NCI-H522 cells. Thus, two derivatives of TLSC702, which displayed either high or low lipophilicity due to the types of substituents at the phenyl position, were selected. Even though both derivatives showed comparable inhibitory effects as that of their parent compound, the derivative with the high CLogP value was distinctly more antiproliferative than TLSC702. In contrast, the derivative with the low CLogP value did not decrease cell viability in NCI-H522 and HL-60 cells. These findings suggested that structural improvements, such as the addition of hydrophobic moieties to the phenyl group, enhanced the ability of TLSC702 to induce apoptosis by increasing cell membrane permeability.
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16
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Ellagic acid: A potent glyoxalase-I inhibitor with a unique scaffold. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:115-130. [PMID: 32697740 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The glyoxalase system, particularly glyoxalase-I (GLO-I), has been approved as a potential target for cancer treatment. In this study, a set of structurally diverse polyphenolic natural compounds were investigated as potential GLO-I inhibitors. Ellagic acid was found, computationally and experimentally, to be the most potent GLO-I inhibitor among the tested compounds which showed an IC50 of 0.71 mmol L-1. Its binding to the GLO-I active site seemed to be mainly driven by ionic interaction via its ionized hydroxyl groups with the central Zn ion and Lys156, along with other numerous hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Due to its unique and rigid skeleton, it can be utilized to search for other novel and potent GLO-I inhibitors via computational approaches such as pharmacophore modeling and similarity search methods. Moreover, an inspection of the docked poses of the tested compounds showed that chlorogenic acid and dihydrocaffeic acid could be considered as lead compounds worthy of further optimization.
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17
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Wu Z, Liu Y, Wei L, Han M. LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-216a-5p/GLO1. J Surg Res 2021; 257:501-510. [PMID: 32916503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a familiar malignant tumor, which is a great threat to women's life. Long noncoding RNA Opa interacting protein 5-antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) has been reported to be associated with numerous cancers. This study aimed to explore the role of OIP5-AS1 and the mechanism of its action in the progression of breast cancer. METHODS The expression of OIP5-AS1 and miR-216a-5p was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, or invasion was assessed by 4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, or transwell assay, respectively. The binding sites were predicted by bioinformatics tool starBase2.0 (http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/starbase2/index.php). The interaction between miR-216a-5p and OIP5-AS1 or glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression of GLO1 was quantified by Western blot. Nude mouse tumorigenicity assays were conducted to verify the role of OIP5-AS1 in vivo. RESULTS OIP5-AS1 and GLO1 were highly expressed in both clinical tumor tissues and cell lines, whereas miR-216a-5p was downregulated. Knockdown of OIP5-AS1 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion but promoted apoptosis of breast cancer cells. MiR-216a-5p was a target of OIP5-AS1 and interacted with GLO1. MiR-216a-5p inhibition or GLO1 overexpression reversed the effects of OIP5-AS1 knockdown on the development of breast cancer cells. OIP5-AS1 knockdown depleted tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS OIP5-AS1 knockdown suppressed the progression of breast cancer by inducing GLO1 expression via competitively binding to miR-216a-5p, suggesting that OIP5-AS1 was a hopeful biomarker for the therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizheng Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Yinfeng Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Liguang Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
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18
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Yumnam S, Subedi L, Kim SY. Glyoxalase System in the Progression of Skin Aging and Skin Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010310. [PMID: 33396745 PMCID: PMC7794849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicarbonyl compounds, including methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO), are mainly formed as byproducts of glucose metabolism. The main glyoxalase system consists of glyoxalase I and II (Glo1 and Glo2) and is the main enzyme involved in the detoxification of dicarbonyl stress, which occurs as an accumulation of MGO or GO due to decreased activity or expression of Glo1. Dicarbonyl stress is a major cause of cellular and tissue dysfunction that causes various health issues, including diabetes, aging, and cancer. The skin is the largest organ in the body. In this review, we discuss the role of the glyoxalase system in the progression of skin aging, and more importantly, skin malignancies. We also discuss the future prospects of the glyoxalase system in other skin abnormalities such as psoriasis and vitiligo, including hyperpigmentation. Finally, in the present review, we suggest the role of glyoxalase in the progression of skin aging and glyoxalase system as a potential target for anticancer drug development for skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Yumnam
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (S.Y.); (L.S.)
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (S.Y.); (L.S.)
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (S.Y.); (L.S.)
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-820-4931
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19
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Morgenstern J, Campos Campos M, Nawroth P, Fleming T. The Glyoxalase System-New Insights into an Ancient Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100939. [PMID: 33019494 PMCID: PMC7600140 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase system was discovered over a hundred years ago and since then it has been claimed to provide the role of an indispensable enzyme system in order to protect cells from a toxic byproduct of glycolysis. This review gives a broad overview of what has been postulated in the last 30 years of glyoxalase research, but within this context it also challenges the concept that the glyoxalase system is an exclusive tool of detoxification and that its substrate, methylglyoxal, is solely a detrimental burden for every living cell due to its toxicity. An overview of consequences of a complete loss of the glyoxalase system in various model organisms is presented with an emphasis on the role of alternative detoxification pathways of methylglyoxal. Furthermore, this review focuses on the overlooked posttranslational modification of Glyoxalase 1 and its possible implications for cellular maintenance under various (patho-)physiological conditions. As a final note, an intriguing point of view for the substrate methylglyoxal is offered, the concept of methylglyoxal (MG)-mediated hormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Morgenstern
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.C.C.); (P.N.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Campos Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.C.C.); (P.N.); (T.F.)
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.C.C.); (P.N.); (T.F.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer at Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.C.C.); (P.N.); (T.F.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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20
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Al-Oudat BA, Jaradat HM, Al-Balas QA, Al-Shar'i NA, Bryant-Friedrich A, Bedi MF. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel glyoxalase I inhibitors possessing diazenylbenzenesulfonamide moiety as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115608. [PMID: 32690268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) is an essential therapeutic target in cancer treatment. Significant efforts have been made to discover competitive inhibitors of Glo-I as potential anticancer agents. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of diazenylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives, their in vitro evaluation against Glo-I and the resulting structure-activity relationships. Among the compounds tested, compounds 9h and 9j exhibited the highest activity with IC50 1.28 µM and 1.13 µM, respectively. Docking studies to explore the binding mode of the compounds identified key moieties that may contribute to the observed activities. The active compounds will serve as suitable leads for further chemical optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buthina A Al-Oudat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Hana'a M Jaradat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Qosay A Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Amanda Bryant-Friedrich
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Mel F Bedi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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21
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Ho IYM, Abdul Aziz A, Mat Junit S. Evaluation of Anti-proliferative Effects of Barringtonia racemosa and Gallic Acid on Caco-2 Cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9987. [PMID: 32561807 PMCID: PMC7305318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Barringtonia racemosa leaf water extract (BLE) had been shown to have high gallic acid (GA) content and BLE has been postulated to have anti-proliferative effects towards colorectal cancer. This study aims to further investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect of BLE in Caco-2 cells and to determine if GA is responsible for the observed effects. Both BLE and GA inhibited Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cells exposed to IC50 concentration of BLE and GA showed reduced antioxidant activities. GA-treated Caco-2 cells experienced higher oxidative stress compared to cells treated with BLE. Both BLE and GA significantly up-regulated the expression of SLC2A1. BLE but not GA, significantly down-regulated the expression of ADH4. Meanwhile, GA but not BLE, significantly up-regulated AKRIB10 and GLO1 but significantly down-regulated HAGH. Alterations in gene expression were coupled with changes in extracellular glucose and pyruvate levels. While BLE decreased intracellular pyruvate, GA did the opposite. Both intracellular and extracellular D-lactate were not affected by either BLE or GA. GA showed more pronounced effects on apoptosis while BLE irreversibly reduced cell percentage in the G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the multiple-actions of BLE against Caco-2 cells, potentially involving various polyphenolic compounds, including GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y M Ho
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Abdul Aziz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sarni Mat Junit
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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22
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Hernandez-Castillo C, Termini J, Shuck S. DNA Adducts as Biomarkers To Predict, Prevent, and Diagnose Disease-Application of Analytical Chemistry to Clinical Investigations. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:286-307. [PMID: 31638384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the chemistry, structure, formation, and metabolism of DNA adducts has been one of the most significant contributions to the field of chemical toxicology. This work provides the foundation to develop analytical methods to measure DNA adducts, define their relationship to disease, and establish clinical tests. Monitoring exposure to environmental and endogenous toxicants can predict, diagnose, and track disease as well as guide therapeutic treatment. DNA adducts are one of the most promising biomarkers of toxicant exposure owing to their stability, appearance in numerous biological matrices, and characteristic analytical properties. In addition, DNA adducts can induce mutations to drive disease onset and progression and can serve as surrogate markers of chemical exposure. In this perspective, we highlight significant advances made within the past decade regarding DNA adduct quantitation using mass spectrometry. We hope to expose a broader audience to this field and encourage analytical chemistry laboratories to explore how specific adducts may be related to various pathologies. One of the limiting factors in developing clinical tests to measure DNA adducts is cohort size; ideally, the cohort would allow for model development and then testing of the model to the remaining cohort. The goals of this perspective article are to (1) provide a summary of analyte levels measured using state-of-the-art analytical methods, (2) foster collaboration, and (3) highlight areas in need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hernandez-Castillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
| | - John Termini
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
| | - Sarah Shuck
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
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23
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Discovery of a nanomolar glyoxalase-I inhibitor using integrated ligand-based pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Al-Shar’i NA, Al-Balas QA, Al-Waqfi RA, Hassan MA, Alkhalifa AE, Ayoub NM. Discovery of a nanomolar inhibitor of the human glyoxalase-I enzyme using structure-based poly-pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2019; 33:799-815. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-019-00226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Multi-Armed 1,2,3-Selenadiazole and 1,2,3-Thiadiazole Benzene Derivatives as Novel Glyoxalase-I Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183210. [PMID: 31487813 PMCID: PMC6766947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) enzyme was established to be a valid target for anticancer drug design. It performs the essential detoxification step of harmful byproducts, especially methylglyoxal. A robust computer-aided drug design approach was used to design and validate a series of compounds with selenium or sulfur based heterorings. A series of in-house multi-armed 1,2,3-selenadiazole and 1,2,3-thiadiazole benzene derivatives were tested for their Glo-I inhibitory activity. Results showed that these compounds bind Glo-I active sites competitively with strong potential to inhibit this enzyme with IC50 values in micro-molar concentration. Docking poses revealed that these compounds interact with the zinc atom at the bottom of the active site, which plays an essential role in its viability.
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26
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de Bari L, Atlante A, Armeni T, Kalapos MP. Synthesis and metabolism of methylglyoxal, S-D-lactoylglutathione and D-lactate in cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Exploring the crossroad of eternal youth and premature aging. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 53:100915. [PMID: 31173890 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are emerging as metabolic diseases in which aberrant/dysregulated glucose metabolism and bioenergetics occur, and play a key role in disease progression. Interestingly, an enhancement of glucose uptake, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway occurs in both cancer cells and amyloid-β-resistant neurons in the early phase of AD. However, this metabolic shift has its adverse effects. One of them is the increase in methylglyoxal production, a physiological cytotoxic by-product of glucose catabolism. Methylglyoxal is mainly detoxified via cytosolic glyoxalase route comprising glyoxalase 1 and glyoxalase 2 with the production of S-D-lactoylglutathione and D-lactate as intermediate and end-product, respectively. Due to the existence of mitochondrial carriers and intramitochondrial glyoxalase 2 and D-lactate dehydrogenase, the transport and metabolism of both S-D-lactoylglutathione and D-lactate in mitochondria can contribute to methylglyoxal elimination, cellular antioxidant power and energy production. In this review, it is supposed that the different ability of cancer cells and AD neurons to metabolize methylglyoxal, S-D-lactoylglutathione and D-lactate scores cell fate, therefore being at the very crossroad of the "eternal youth" of cancer and the "premature death" of AD neurons. Understanding of these processes would help to elaborate novel metabolism-based therapies for cancer and AD treatment.
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27
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Mendonca P, Taka E, Soliman KFA. Proteomic analysis of the effect of the polyphenol pentagalloyl glucose on proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases in activated BV‑2 microglial cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1736-1746. [PMID: 31257500 PMCID: PMC6625426 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and microglial activation are two important hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Continuous microglial activation may cause the release of several cytotoxic molecules, including many cytokines that are involved in the inflammatory process. Therefore, attenuating inflammation caused by activated microglia may be an approach for the therapeutic management of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, many studies have reported that polyphenol pentagalloyl glucose (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose; PGG) is a molecule with potent anti-inflammatory effects, such as inhibiting the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Our previous studies revealed that PGG attenuated the expression of two inflammatory cytokines (murine monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 and pro-metalloproteinase-9) in lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ-activated BV-٢ microglial cells. Additionally, PGG modulated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways by altering genes and proteins, which may affect the MAPK cascade and NF-κB activation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of PGG to modulate the expression of proteins released in activated BV-2 microglial cells, which may be involved in the pathological process of inflammation and neurodegeneration. Proteomic analysis of activated BV-2 cells identified 17 proteins whose expression levels were significantly downregulated by PGG, including septin-7, ataxin-2, and adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 (ADSS). These proteins were previously described as being highly expressed in neurodegenerative diseases and/or involved in the signaling pathways associated with the formation and growth of neuronal connections and the control of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. The inhibitory effect of PGG on ataxin-2, septin-7 and ADSS was further confirmed at the protein and transcriptional levels. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that PGG, with its potent inhibitory effects on ataxin-2, septin-7 and ADSS, may have potential use in the therapeutic management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mendonca
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Equar Taka
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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28
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Identification of human D lactate dehydrogenase deficiency. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1477. [PMID: 30931947 PMCID: PMC6443703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09458-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and biochemical categorization of humans with detrimental variants can provide valuable information on gene function. We illustrate this with the identification of two different homozygous variants resulting in enzymatic loss-of-function in LDHD, encoding lactate dehydrogenase D, in two unrelated patients with elevated D-lactate urinary excretion and plasma concentrations. We establish the role of LDHD by demonstrating that LDHD loss-of-function in zebrafish results in increased concentrations of D-lactate. D-lactate levels are rescued by wildtype LDHD but not by patients’ variant LDHD, confirming these variants’ loss-of-function effect. This work provides the first in vivo evidence that LDHD is responsible for human D-lactate metabolism. This broadens the differential diagnosis of D-lactic acidosis, an increasingly recognized complication of short bowel syndrome with unpredictable onset and severity. With the expanding incidence of intestinal resection for disease or obesity, the elucidation of this metabolic pathway may have relevance for those patients with D-lactic acidosis. D-lactic acidosis typically occurs in the context of short bowel syndrome; excess D-lactate is produced by intestinal bacteria. Here, the authors identify two point mutations in the human lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD) gene that cause enzymatic loss of function and are associated with elevated plasma D-lactate.
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Sharma AK, Sharma VR, Gupta GK, Ashraf GM, Kamal MA. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs), Glutathione and Breast Cancer: Factors, Mechanism and Therapeutic Interventions. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:65-71. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200219666180912104342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) are basically the end result of glycation of proteins
and/or lipids in the presence of sugars. Specific cases of hyperglycemia have been reported with increased propensity
of generation of AGEs. Many chronic and deadly diseases such as diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative
disorders have been known to be caused as a result of generation of AGEs. The role of glutathione (GSH) metabolism
and its intricate association with AGEs have also been well established in breast cancer prognosis and treatment.
To understand the etiology, mechanism and production of AGEs along with clinical relevance of Receptors for Advanced
Glycation End-products (RAGE) and RAGE ligands, their interplay with GSH is of paramount importance
especially in relation to breast cancer.
Methods:
The available literature using PubMed, National Library of Medicine database, Web of Science and SCOPUS
indexed, Science Direct and other prestigious journals have been systematically reviewed using the keywords:
advanced glycation end-products, breast cancer, glutathione RAGE, and AGEs inhibitors. This narrative review of all
the relevant papers with significant citations has led us to have greater insight into the action mechanism and potential
therapeutic significance of AGEs inhibitors.
Results:
Targeting breast cancer with the specific immunoglobulins and with other therapeutic interventions is
needed to inhibit the generation of AGEs and manage glutathione expression, thus having strong implications in the
management of breast cancer. Many RAGE ligands such as HMGB1, S100P, S100A8, S100A9 etc. have been
known to enhance RAGE expression which may further lead to increased proliferation, migration and metastatic
nature of tumor cells. Hence, RAGE and RAGE ligands in a close linkup with GSH may prove to be effective therapeutic
markers of severity of breast cancer and for angiogenesis of tumor.
Conclusion:
This review provides a strong platform to comprehend the etiology, mechanism and production of
AGEs and glutathione along with the agents which can block their production, paving a way for the therapeutic intervention
and an amicable solution to treat and manage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K. Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana- Ambala (Haryana) 133207, India
| | - Var R. Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana- Ambala (Haryana) 133207, India
| | - Girish K. Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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de Almeida Chuffa LG, Seiva FRF, Cucielo MS, Silveira HS, Reiter RJ, Lupi LA. Mitochondrial functions and melatonin: a tour of the reproductive cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:837-863. [PMID: 30430198 PMCID: PMC11105419 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancers of the reproductive organs have a strong association with mitochondrial defects, and a deeper understanding of the role of this organelle in preneoplastic-neoplastic changes is important to determine the appropriate therapeutic intervention. Mitochondria are involved in events during cancer development, including metabolic and oxidative status, acquisition of metastatic potential, resistance to chemotherapy, apoptosis, and others. Because of their origin from melatonin-producing bacteria, mitochondria are speculated to produce melatonin and its derivatives at high levels; in addition, exogenously administered melatonin accumulates in the mitochondria against a concentration gradient. Melatonin is transported into tumor cell by GLUT/SLC2A and/or by the PEPT1/2 transporters, and plays beneficial roles in mitochondrial homeostasis, such as influencing oxidative phosphorylation and electron flux, ATP synthesis, bioenergetics, calcium influx, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Moreover, melatonin promotes mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating nuclear DNA and mtDNA transcriptional activities. This review focuses on the main functions of melatonin on mitochondrial processes, and reviews from a mechanistic standpoint, how mitochondrial crosstalk evolved in ovarian, endometrial, cervical, breast, and prostate cancers relative to melatonin's known actions. We put emphasis on signaling pathways whereby melatonin interferes within cancer-cell mitochondria after its administration. Depending on subtype and intratumor metabolic heterogeneity, melatonin seems to be helpful in promoting apoptosis, anti-proliferation, pro-oxidation, metabolic shifting, inhibiting neovasculogenesis and controlling inflammation, and restoration of chemosensitivity. This results in attenuation of development, progression, and metastatic potential of reproductive cancers, in addition to lowering the risk of recurrence and improving the life quality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Spaulonci Silveira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHealth, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Tamori S, Nozaki Y, Motomura H, Nakane H, Katayama R, Onaga C, Kikuchi E, Shimada N, Suzuki Y, Noike M, Hara Y, Sato K, Sato T, Yamamoto K, Hanawa T, Imai M, Abe R, Yoshimori A, Takasawa R, Tanuma SI, Akimoto K. Glyoxalase 1 gene is highly expressed in basal-like human breast cancers and contributes to survival of ALDH1-positive breast cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36515-36529. [PMID: 30559934 PMCID: PMC6284866 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is a ubiquitous enzyme involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis that induces apoptosis. In this study, we found that GLO1 gene expression correlates with neoplasm histologic grade (χ 2 test, p = 0.002) and is elevated in human basal-like breast cancer tissues. Approximately 90% of basal-like cancers were grade 3 tumors highly expressing both GLO1 and the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3. ALDH1high cells derived from the MDA-MB 157 and MDA-MB 468 human basal-like breast cancer cell lines showed elevated GLO1 activity. GLO1 inhibition using TLSC702 suppressed ALDH1high cell viability as well as the formation of tumor-spheres by ALDH1high cells. GLO1 knockdown using specific siRNAs also suppressed ALDH1high cell viability, and both TLSC702 and GLO1 siRNA induced apoptosis in ALDH1high cells. These results suggest GLO1 is essential for the survival of ALDH1-positive breast cancer stem cells. We therefore conclude that GLO1 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of basal-like breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Tamori
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuka Nozaki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitomi Motomura
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakane
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Reika Katayama
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chotaro Onaga
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eriko Kikuchi
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nami Shimada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuhei Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mei Noike
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hara
- Research Institute for Biochemical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsugumichi Sato
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouji Yamamoto
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takehisa Hanawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Misa Imai
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Leading Center for the Development and Research of Cancer Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Research Institute for Biochemical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Strategic Innovation and Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryoko Takasawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Tanuma
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicinal Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Akimoto
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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Wang Y, Li G, Wan F, Dai B, Ye D. Prognostic value of D-lactate dehydrogenase in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:866-874. [PMID: 29963157 PMCID: PMC6019897 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme involved in anaerobic glycolysis and is associated with the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The human genome has four LDH genes: LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and LDHD. In order to determine which of these four LDH genes may predict clear cell RCC (ccRCC), a total of 509 patients with ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and 192 patients with ccRCC from the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre (FUSCC) cohort were enrolled in the present study. The expression profiles of LDHD genes in the TCGA cohort were obtained from the TCGA RNAseq database. The Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess relative factors. The LDH family genes that were revealed to have an association with overall survival (OS) were further validated in the FUSCC cohort. In the TCGA cohort, following Cox proportional hazards analysis, LDHD expression (P=0.0400; hazard ratio, 0.872; 95% confidence interval, 0.764-0.994) was revealed to be predictive of the prognosis of patients with ccRCC. Further analysis revealed that low LDHD expression (P<0.0001) was significantly associated with a poor prognosis in terms of OS. Additionally, the expression of LDHD (P<0.0001) was significantly different in patients with ccRCC compared with paired controls. In the FUSCC cohort, low LDHD expression was also associated with a poor OS (P=0.0103), and the tumour pathological T stage was a factor that influenced the expression of LDHD (P=0.0120). Furthermore, the expression of LDHD influenced the serum LDH level (P=0.0126). The downregulation of LDHD expression may be a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Gaoxiang Li
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fangning Wan
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Bellahcène A, Nokin MJ, Castronovo V, Schalkwijk C. Methylglyoxal-derived stress: An emerging biological factor involved in the onset and progression of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 49:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Antognelli C, Talesa VN. Glyoxalases in Urological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020415. [PMID: 29385039 PMCID: PMC5855637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urological cancers include a spectrum of malignancies affecting organs of the reproductive and/or urinary systems, such as prostate, kidney, bladder, and testis. Despite improved primary prevention, detection and treatment, urological cancers are still characterized by an increasing incidence and mortality worldwide. While advances have been made towards understanding the molecular bases of these diseases, a complete understanding of the pathological mechanisms remains an unmet research goal that is essential for defining safer pharmacological therapies and prognostic factors, especially for the metastatic stage of these malignancies for which no effective therapies are currently being used. Glyoxalases, consisting of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and glyoxalase 2 (Glo2), are enzymes that catalyze the glutathione-dependent metabolism of cytotoxic methylglyoxal (MG), thus protecting against cellular damage and apoptosis. They are generally overexpressed in numerous cancers as a survival strategy by providing a safeguard through enhancement of MG detoxification. Increasing evidence suggests that glyoxalases, especially Glo1, play an important role in the initiation and progression of urological malignancies. In this review, we highlight the critical role of glyoxalases as regulators of tumorigenesis in the prostate through modulation of various critical signaling pathways, and provide an overview of the current knowledge on glyoxalases in bladder, kidney and testis cancers. We also discuss the promise and challenges for Glo1 inhibitors as future anti-prostate cancer (PCa) therapeutics and the potential of glyoxalases as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Antognelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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Shimada N, Takasawa R, Tanuma SI. Interdependence of GLO I and PKM2 in the Metabolic shift to escape apoptosis in GLO I-dependent cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 638:1-7. [PMID: 29225125 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming known as the Warburg effect, which is characterized by a greater dependence on glycolysis for ATP generation, even under normoxic conditions. Glyoxalase I (GLO I) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the detoxification of cytotoxic methylglyoxal formed in glycolysis and which is known to be highly expressed in many cancer cells. Thus, specific inhibitors of GLO I are expected to be effective anticancer drugs. We previously discovered a novel GLO I inhibitor named TLSC702. Although the strong inhibitory activity of TLSC702 was observed in the in vitro enzyme assay, higher concentrations were required to induce apoptosis at the cellular level. One of the proposed reasons for this difference is that cancer cells alter the energy metabolism leading them to become more dependent on mitochondrial respiration than glycolysis (Metabolic shift) to avoid apoptosis induction. Thus, we assumed that combination of TLSC702 with shikonin-a specific inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) that acts as a driver of TCA cycle by supplying pyruvate and which is known to be specifically expressed in cancer cells-would have anticancer effects. We herein show the anticancer effects of combination treatment with TLSC702 and shikonin, and a possible anticancer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Shimada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Tanuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Genome & Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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Al-Balas QA, Hassan MA, Al-Shar'i NA, El-Elimat T, Almaaytah AM. Computational and experimental exploration of the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids as potent glyoxalase-I inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2017; 79:58-69. [PMID: 29285772 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) enzyme has emerged as a potential target for cancer treatment. Several classes of natural products including coumarins and flavonoids have shown remarkable Glo-I inhibitory activity. In the present study, computational and experimental approaches were used to explore the structure-activity relationships of a panel of 24 flavonoids as inhibitors of the Glo-1 enzyme. Scutellarein with an IC50 value of 2.04 μM was identified as the most potent inhibitor among the series studied. Di- or tri-hydroxylation of the benzene rings A and B accompanied with a C2/C3 double bond in ring C were identified as essential structural features for enzyme inhibition. Moreover, the ketol system showed a minor role in the inhibitory power of these compounds. The structure-activity relationships revealed in this study had deepened our understanding of the Glo-I inhibitory activities of flavonoids and opened the door for further exploration of this promising compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qosay A Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ammar M Almaaytah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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Abdul-Maksoud RS, Elsayed WS, Elsayed RS. The influence of glyoxalase 1 gene polymorphism on its expression at different stages of breast cancer in Egyptian women. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:799-807. [PMID: 29321821 PMCID: PMC5755725 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the association of GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism with breast cancer risk at different stages of the disease and to investigate the effect of this gene polymorphism on its mRNA expression and enzyme activity. Methods GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 100 healthy controls and 200 patients with breast cancer (100 patients with stage I & II and 100 patients with stage III & IV). GLO1 mRNA expression was measured by real time PCR. Serum GLO1 enzyme activity was measured colorimetrically. Results GLO1 A allele was associated with increased risk of breast cancer [OR (95%CI)= 2.8(1.9-4.1), P < 0.001]. Its frequency was significantly higher among advanced stages of breast cancer compared with localized tumors (OR (95%CI)= 1.9(1.3-2.9), p < 0.001). GLO1 mRNA expression and enzyme activity were significantly higher in breast cancer patients compared to controls and they were much higher in the advanced stages of the disease (P < 0.001). Carriers of AA genotype showed higher GLO1 expression and enzyme activity compared with carriers of CC genotype. Conclusion GLO1 C332C SNP was associated with overexpression of GLO1 mRNA and higher enzyme activity in breast cancer patients suggesting its role in the development of breast cancer and its progression from localized to advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walid Sh Elsayed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Elsayed
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Hikita K, Hattori N, Takeda A, Yamakage Y, Shibata R, Yamada S, Kato K, Murata T, Tanaka H, Kaneda N. Potent apoptosis-inducing activity of erypoegin K, an isoflavone isolated from Erythrina poeppigiana, against human leukemia HL-60 cells. J Nat Med 2017; 72:260-266. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Galangin induces cell death by modulating the expression of glyoxalase-1 and Nrf-2 in HeLa cells. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 279:1-9. [PMID: 29113808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to understand the anticancer property and molecular mechanisms associated with chemo preventive effects of galangin. The anticancer effect was evaluated in vitro using human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Galangin was found to be effective in inducing cell death and inhibiting proliferation & migration significantly. The inhibitory effect of galangin could be correlated with the increase in ROS production & induction of apoptosis. Besides this the activity of glyoxalase-1, an enzyme important for the detoxification of cytotoxic metabolite methy glyoxal and Nrf-2 (a trascription factor), involved in redox signalling were found to be decreased. We concluded that galangin exerts its chemo preventive effect via redox signalling by inhibiting glyoxalase-1 & increasing oxidative & carbonyl stress.
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Nokin MJ, Durieux F, Bellier J, Peulen O, Uchida K, Spiegel DA, Cochrane JR, Hutton CA, Castronovo V, Bellahcène A. Hormetic potential of methylglyoxal, a side-product of glycolysis, in switching tumours from growth to death. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11722. [PMID: 28916747 PMCID: PMC5600983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming toward aerobic glycolysis unavoidably favours methylglyoxal (MG) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation in cancer cells. MG was initially considered a highly cytotoxic molecule with potential anti-cancer value. However, we have recently demonstrated that MG enhanced tumour growth and metastasis. In an attempt to understand this dual role, we explored MG-mediated dicarbonyl stress status in four breast and glioblastoma cancer cell lines in relation with their glycolytic phenotype and MG detoxifying capacity. In glycolytic cancer cells cultured in high glucose, we observed a significant increase of the conversion of MG to D-lactate through the glyoxalase system. Moreover, upon exogenous MG challenge, glycolytic cells showed elevated amounts of intracellular MG and induced de novo GLO1 detoxifying enzyme and Nrf2 expression. Thus, supporting the adaptive nature of glycolytic cancer cells to MG dicarbonyl stress when compared to non-glycolytic ones. Finally and consistent with the pro-tumoural role of MG, we showed that low doses of MG induced AGEs formation and tumour growth in vivo, both of which can be reversed using a MG scavenger. Our study represents the first demonstration of a hormetic effect of MG defined by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition of tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Julie Nokin
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence Durieux
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Justine Bellier
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Koji Uchida
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David A Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - James R Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig A Hutton
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Roy A, Ahir M, Bhattacharya S, Parida PK, Adhikary A, Jana K, Ray M. Induction of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in triple negative breast carcinoma cells by methylglyoxal via generation of reactive oxygen species. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2086-2103. [PMID: 28418078 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tends to form aggressive tumors associated with high mortality and morbidity which urge the need for development of new therapeutic strategies. Recently, the normal metabolite Methylglyoxal (MG) has been documented for its anti-proliferative activity against human breast cancer. However, the mode of action of MG against TNBC remains open to question. In our study, we investigated the anticancer activity of MG in MDA MB 231 and 4T1 TNBC cell lines and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. MG dose-dependently caused cell death, induced apoptosis, and generated ROS in both the TNBC cell lines. Furthermore, such effects were attenuated in presence of ROS scavenger N-Acetyl cysteine. MG triggered mitochondrial cytochrome c release in the cytosol and up-regulated Bax while down-regulated anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Additionally, MG treatment down-regulated phospho-akt and inhibited the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. MG exhibited a tumor suppressive effect in BALB/c mouse 4T1 breast tumor model as well. The cytotoxic effect was studied using MTT assay. Apoptosis, ROS generation, and mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated by flow cytometry as well as fluorescence microscopy. Western blot assay was performed to analyze proteins responsible for apoptosis. This study demonstrated MG as a potent anticancer agent against TNBC both in vitro and in vivo. The findings will furnish fresh insights into the treatment of this subgroup of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Roy
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Ahir
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurav Bhattacharya
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Manju Ray
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Antognelli C, Ferri I, Bellezza G, Siccu P, Love HD, Talesa VN, Sidoni A. Glyoxalase 2 drives tumorigenesis in human prostate cells in a mechanism involving androgen receptor and p53-p21 axis. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2112-2126. [PMID: 28470764 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glyoxalase 2 (Glo2), a metabolic enzyme, is overexpressed in some human cancers which suggests this enzyme may play a role in human tumorigenesis. In prostate cancer (PCa), the role of Glo2 has been scarcely investigated and there are no studies addressing a causative involvement of this protein in this neoplasia. Here, we examined the immunohistochemical profile of Glo2 in human PCa and benign adjacent tissues and investigated Glo2 involvement in PCa development in human prostate cell lines. PCa and matched adjacent normal tissues were obtained from paraffin sections of primary PCa from 20 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy. Histopathological diagnosis was confirmed for each sample. Glo2 expression analysis was performed by immunohistochemistry in prostate tissues, and by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting in prostate cell lines. The causative and mechanistic role of Glo2 in prostate tumorigenesis was demonstrated by Glo2 ectopic expression/silencing and employing specific activators/inhibitors. Our results showed that Glo2 was selectively expressed in PCa but not in the luminal compartment of the adjacent benign epithelium consistently in all the examined 20 cases. Glo2 expression in PCa was dependent on androgen receptor (AR) and was aimed at stimulating cell proliferation and eluding apoptosis through a mechanism involving the p53-p21 axis. Glo2 was intensely expressed in the basal cells of benign glands but was not involved in PCa genesis. Our results demonstrate for the first time that Glo2 drives prostate tumorigenesis and suggest that it may represent a novel adjuvant marker in the pathological diagnosis of early PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Antognelli
- Division of Biosciences and Medical Embryology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Bellezza
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Siccu
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Harold D Love
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vincenzo N Talesa
- Division of Biosciences and Medical Embryology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Talesa VN, Ferri I, Bellezza G, Love HD, Sidoni A, Antognelli C. Glyoxalase 2 Is Involved in Human Prostate Cancer Progression as Part of a Mechanism Driven By PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling With Involvement of PKM2 and ERα. Prostate 2017; 77:196-210. [PMID: 27696457 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyoxalase 2 (Glo2), together with glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), forms the main scavenging system of methylglyoxal, a potent pro-apoptotic agent mainly generated by glycolysis. An increased rate of glycolysis is a well known signature of cancer cells. As a survival strategy, Glo1 is overexpressed in many human malignant cells, including prostate cancer (PCa), where it plays a crucial role in progression. No information is available on the role of Glo2 in the same ambit. PCa is the most common malignancy affecting men in the western world. Progression to a lethal hormone-refractory PCa represents the major concern in this pathology. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa invasiveness and metastasis is urgently needed in order to develop novel therapeutic targets for this incurable state of the malignancy. METHODS Glo2 and Glo1 expression was examined in clinical samples of PCa by immunohistochemistry and in different PCa cell models by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Gene silencing/overexpression and scavenging/inhibitory agents were used for functional analyses. RESULTS We demonstrated that Glo2, together with Glo1, represents a novel mechanism in PCa progression as part of a pathway driven by PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling with involvement of PKM2 and ERα. Importantly, Glo1/Glo2 silencing did not alter the behavior of benign cells. CONCLUSIONS Targeting glyoxalases metabolic pathway may represent a strategy to selectively inhibit advanced PCa. Prostate 77:196-210, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo N Talesa
- Division of Biosciences and Medical Embryology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Bellezza
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Harold D Love
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Antognelli
- Division of Biosciences and Medical Embryology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Piceatannol, a natural trans-stilbene compound, inhibits human glyoxalase I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1169-1174. [PMID: 28169168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human glyoxalase I (GLO I), a rate-limiting enzyme for detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a by-product of glycolysis, is known to be a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Here, we searched new scaffolds from natural compounds for designing novel GLO I inhibitors and found trans-stilbene scaffold. We examined the inhibitory abilities to human GLO I of commercially available trans-stilbene compounds. Among them, piceatannol was found to have the most potent inhibitory activity against human GLO I. Piceatannol could inhibit the proliferation of human lung cancer NCI-H522 cells, which are dependent on GLO I for survival, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, piceatannol more significantly inhibited the proliferation of NCI-H522 cells than that of NCI-H460 cells, which are less dependent on GLO I. Importantly, overexpression of GLO I in NCI-H522 cells resulted in less sensitive to the antiproliferative activity of piceatannol. Taken together, this is the first report demonstrating that piceatannol inhibits GLO I activity and the GLO I-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. Furthermore, we determined a pharmacophore for novel inhibitors of human GLO I by computational simulation analyses of the binding mode of piceatannol to the enzyme hot spot in the active site. We suggest that piceatannol is a possible lead compound for the development of novel GLO I inhibitory anticancer drugs.
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Chiavarina B, Nokin MJ, Bellier J, Durieux F, Bletard N, Sherer F, Lovinfosse P, Peulen O, Verset L, Dehon R, Demetter P, Turtoi A, Uchida K, Goldman S, Hustinx R, Delvenne P, Castronovo V, Bellahcène A. Methylglyoxal-Mediated Stress Correlates with High Metabolic Activity and Promotes Tumor Growth in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010213. [PMID: 28117708 PMCID: PMC5297842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells generally rely on aerobic glycolysis as a major source of energy. Methylglyoxal (MG), a dicarbonyl compound that is produced as a side product during glycolysis, is highly reactive and induces the formation of advanced glycation end-products that are implicated in several pathologies including cancer. All mammalian cells have an enzymatic defense against MG composed by glyoxalases GLO1 and GLO2 that converts MG to d-lactate. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the level of MG protein adducts, in a series of 102 CRC human tumors divided into four clinical stages. We consistently detected a high level of MG adducts and low GLO1 activity in high stage tumors compared to low stage ones suggesting a pro-tumor role for dicarbonyl stress. Accordingly, GLO1 depletion in CRC cells promoted tumor growth in vivo that was efficiently reversed using carnosine, a potent MG scavenger. Our study represents the first demonstration that MG adducts accumulation is a consistent feature of high stage CRC tumors. Our data point to MG production and detoxification levels as an important molecular link between exacerbated glycolytic activity and CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Chiavarina
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Julie Nokin
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Justine Bellier
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Florence Durieux
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Noëlla Bletard
- Department of Pathology, Liège University Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Félicie Sherer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Lovinfosse
- Nuclear Medicine and Oncological Imaging Division, Medical Physics Department, Liège University Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Laurine Verset
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Romain Dehon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Demetter
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Koji Uchida
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 13-8654, Japan.
| | - Serge Goldman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Roland Hustinx
- Nuclear Medicine and Oncological Imaging Division, Medical Physics Department, Liège University Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, Liège University Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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Modulation of GLO1 Expression Affects Malignant Properties of Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122133. [PMID: 27999356 PMCID: PMC5187933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy metabolism of most tumor cells relies on aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) characterized by an increased glycolytic flux that is accompanied by the increased formation of the cytotoxic metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO). Consequently, the rate of detoxification of this reactive glycolytic byproduct needs to be increased in order to prevent deleterious effects to the cells. This is brought about by an increased expression of glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) that is the rate-limiting enzyme of the MGO-detoxifying glyoxalase system. Here, we overexpressed GLO1 in HEK 293 cells and silenced it in MCF-7 cells using shRNA. Tumor-related properties of wild type and transformed cells were compared and key glycolytic enzyme activities assessed. Furthermore, the cells were subjected to hypoxic conditions to analyze the impact on cell proliferation and enzyme activities. Our results demonstrate that knockdown of GLO1 in the cancer cells significantly reduced tumor-associated properties such as migration and proliferation, whereas no functional alterations where found by overexpression of GLO1 in HEK 293 cells. In contrast, hypoxia caused inhibition of cell growth of all cells except of those overexpressing GLO1. Altogether, we conclude that GLO1 on one hand is crucial to maintaining tumor characteristics of malignant cells, and, on the other hand, supports malignant transformation of cells in a hypoxic environment when overexpressed.
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Al-Balas QA, Hassan MA, Al-Shar'i NA, Mhaidat NM, Almaaytah AM, Al-Mahasneh FM, Isawi IH. Novel glyoxalase-I inhibitors possessing a "zinc-binding feature" as potential anticancer agents. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:2623-9. [PMID: 27574401 PMCID: PMC4993257 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s110997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The glyoxalase system including two thiol-dependent enzymes, glyoxalase I (Glo-I) and glyoxalase II, plays an important role in a ubiquitous metabolic pathway involved in cellular detoxification of cytotoxic 2-oxoaldehydes. Tumor cells have high glycolytic activity, leading to increased cellular levels of these toxic metabolites. The increased activity of the detoxification system in cancerous cells makes this pathway a viable target for developing novel anticancer agents. In this study, we examined the potential utility of non-glutathione-based inhibitors of the Glo-I enzyme as novel anticancer drugs. Methods Computer-aided drug design techniques, such as customized pharmacophoric features, virtual screening, and flexible docking, were used to achieve the project goals. Retrieved hits were extensively filtered and subsequently docked into the active site of the enzyme. The biological activities of retrieved hits were assessed using an in vitro assay against Glo-I. Results Since Glo-I is a zinc metalloenzyme, a customized Zn-binding pharmacophoric feature was used to search for selective inhibitors via virtual screening of a small-molecule database. Seven hits were selected, purchased, and biologically evaluated. Three of the seven hits inhibited Glo-I activity, the most effective of which exerted 76.4% inhibition at a concentration of 25 µM. Conclusion We successfully identified a potential Glo-I inhibitor that can serve as a lead compound for further optimization. Moreover, our in silico and experimental results were highly correlated. Hence, the docking protocol adopted in this study may be efficiently employed in future optimization steps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ammar M Almaaytah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Evaluation of toxicological biomarkers in secreted proteins of HepG2 cells exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and their expressions in the plasma of rats and incineration workers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:584-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nass N, Sel S, Ignatov A, Roessner A, Kalinski T. Oxidative stress and glyoxalase I activity mediate dicarbonyl toxicity in MCF-7 mamma carcinoma cells and a tamoxifen resistant derivative. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1272-80. [PMID: 26971627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired tamoxifen resistance is a significant problem in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. In a cellular model, tamoxifen resistance was associated with increased sensitivity towards toxic dicarbonyls and reduced free sulfhydryl group content. We here analyzed the role of oxidative stress and glyoxalase I activity on dicarbonyl resistance and the significance of glyoxalase I expression for survival. METHODS Reactive oxygen species were determined by 2,7-dihydrochlorofluorescein diacetate. Inhibitors for NADPH-oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), p38 MAPK (SB203580) and ERK1/2 (UO126) were applied to investigate interactions of these signaling molecules. N-acetyl cysteine was used to evaluate the effect of oxidative stress on cell viability, which was assessed by the resazurin assay. Gene expression was analyzed by real time qRT-PCR. Glyoxalase activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitor CS-0683 and siRNA. The relevance of glyoxalase 1 mRNA abundance on survival of breast cancer patients was evaluated by the KM-plotter web interface. RESULTS α-Oxo-aldehydes caused an immediate increase in reactive oxygen species where the tamoxifen resistant cell line (TamR) responded at lower concentrations than the MCF-7 parental cell line. Inhibitor studies placed ROS production by NADPH-oxidase downstream of p38 MAPK. The antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) increased survival, whereas glyoxalase (GLO1) inhibition increased dicarbonyl toxicity. GLO1 mRNA abundance was correlated with unfavorable prognosis of breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Dicarbonyl toxicity was mediated by oxidative stress and GLO1 activity determines aldehyde toxicity in tamoxifen resistant cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Glyoxalases might be predictive biomarkers for tamoxifen resistance and a putative target for the treatment of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Nass
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Saadettin Sel
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Ophthalmology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Atanas Ignatov
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gerhart-Hauptmann Str. 35, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Albert Roessner
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kalinski
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Takasawa R, Shimada N, Uchiro H, Takahashi S, Yoshimori A, Tanuma SI. TLSC702, a Novel Inhibitor of Human Glyoxalase I, Induces Apoptosis in Tumor Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:869-73. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Takasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Nami Shimada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Hiromi Uchiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | | | | | - Sei-ichi Tanuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Genome & Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science
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