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Lampl C, Versijpt J, Amin FM, Deligianni CI, Gil-Gouveia R, Jassal T, MaassenVanDenBrink A, Ornello R, Paungarttner J, Sanchez-Del-Rio M, Reuter U, Uluduz D, de Vries T, Zeraatkar D, Sacco S. European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention-part 1: amitriptyline. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:39. [PMID: 37038134 PMCID: PMC10088191 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to critically re-appraise the published trials assessing amitriptyline for migraine prophylaxis. METHODS We report our methods and results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized trials of pharmacologic treatments for migraine prophylaxis. We included randomized trials that compared amitriptyline with placebo for migraine prophylaxis in adults. Our outcomes of interest were informed by the Outcome Set for preventive intervention trials in chronic and episodic migraine (COSMIG) and include the proportion of patients who experience a 50% or more reduction in migraine days per month, migraine days per month, and adverse events leading to discontinuation. We assessed risk of bias by using a modified Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool and the certainty of evidence by using the GRADE approach. RESULTS Our search yielded 10.826 unique records, of which three trials (n = 622) were eligible for data synthesis and analysis. We found moderate certainty evidence that amitriptyline increases the proportion of patients who experience a 50% or more reduction in monthly migraine days, compared to placebo (relative risk: 1.60 (95% CI 1.17 to 2.19); absolute risk difference: 165 more per 1,000 (95% CI 47 more to 327 more). We found moderate certainty evidence that amitriptyline increases the proportion of patients who discontinue due to adverse events compared to placebo (risk difference: 0.05 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.10); absolute risk difference: 50 more per 1,000 (95% CI 10 more to 100 more). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis showed that amitriptyline may have a prophylactic role in migraine patients, however these results are far from robust. This warrants further large-scale research to evaluate the role of amitriptyline in migraine prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lampl
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brüder Linz, Linz, Austria.
- Headache Medical Center Linz, Linz, Austria.
| | - Jan Versijpt
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Faisal Mohammad Amin
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Raquel Gil-Gouveia
- Hospital da Luz Headache Center, Neurology Department, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tanvir Jassal
- Department of Anesthesia and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Raffaele Ornello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Uwe Reuter
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Derya Uluduz
- Department of Neurology Istanbul Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tessa de Vries
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dena Zeraatkar
- Department of Anesthesia and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Simona Sacco
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Boikov SI, Sibarov DA, Karelina TV, Shestakova NN, Antonov SM. The Role of Ryanodine and IP3-receptors
in Calcium Responses to Tricyclic Antidepressants in Rat Neocortical
Neurons. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Yang XD, Fang PF, Xiang DX, Yang YY. Topical treatments for diabetic neuropathic pain. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:1963-1976. [PMID: 30783472 PMCID: PMC6364237 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) has a huge impact on quality of life and can be difficult to treat. Oral treatment is the most frequently used method for DNP, but its use is often limited by systemic side effects. Topical use of drugs as an alternative option for DNP treatment is currently gaining interest. In the present review, a summary is provided of the available agents for topical use in patients with DNP, including lidocaine plasters or patches, capsaicin cream, gel or patches, amitriptyline cream, clonidine gel, ketamine cream, extracts from medicinal plants including nutmeg extracts and Citrullus colocynthis extract oil, and certain compounded topical analgesics. Furthermore, the potential efficacy of these treatments is addressed according to the available clinical research literature. It has been indicated that these topical drugs have the potential to be valuable additional options for the management of DNP, with adequate safety and continuous long-term treatment efficacy. Compounded topical agents are also effective and safe for patients with DNP and could be another area worthy of further investigation based on the strategy of using low-dose, complementary therapies for DNP. The findings indicate that developing topical drugs acting on different targets in the process of DNP is a valuable area of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ding Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.,Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Fei Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.,Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Da-Xiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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4
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Sommer C, Cruccu G. Topical Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: Applying the Evidence. J Pain Symptom Manage 2017; 53:614-629. [PMID: 28042075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with peripheral neuropathic pain (NP) may only achieve partial pain relief with currently recommended first-line oral treatments, which are also associated with systemic adverse events. Topical treatments are currently considered second- or third-line options, but a recent pharmacologic treatment algorithm has called for broader first-line use of these agents. This has highlighted a need to communicate the benefits associated with topical agents, in particular around the efficacy, targeted local action, and limited systemic availability resulting in minimal systemic adverse events and drug-drug interactions. OBJECTIVES This review aims to evaluate the evidence base for topical therapies currently used to treat peripheral NP, discuss the evidence comparing these treatments head-to-head with oral standard of care, and evaluate how they fit into treatment regimens in the "real world." METHODS This is a narrative review. RESULTS Two topical treatments are currently licensed: lidocaine 5% medicated plaster (post-herpetic neuralgia) and the capsaicin 8% patch (peripheral NP). When compared head to head with the oral standard of care (pregabalin), the lidocaine 5% medicated plaster provided similar relief of pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia but did not meet the primary predefined criteria for noninferiority. The capsaicin 8% patch, however, demonstrated noninferior efficacy when compared head-to-head with pregabalin across a wide range of peripheral NP etiologies. Importantly, both treatments demonstrated effective pain relief without the systemic adverse events associated with oral therapies. CONCLUSION First-line use of topical agents may be of particular benefit in patients where the safety and tolerability of oral therapy is a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sommer
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Giorgio Cruccu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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5
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Yang Y, Ang W, Long H, Chang Y, Li Z, Zhou L, Yang T, Deng Y, Luo Y. Scaffold Hopping Toward Agomelatine: Novel 3, 4-Dihydroisoquinoline Compounds as Potential Antidepressant Agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34711. [PMID: 27698414 PMCID: PMC5048153 DOI: 10.1038/srep34711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A scaffold-hopping strategy toward Agomelatine based on in silico screening and knowledge analysis was employed to design novel antidepressant agents. A series of 3, 4-dihydroisoquinoline compounds were selected for chemical synthesis and biological assessment. Three compounds (6a-1, 6a-2, 6a-9) demonstrated protective effects on corticosterone-induced lesion of PC12 cells. Compound 6a-1 also displayed low inhibitory effects on the growth of HEK293 and L02 normal cells and it was further evaluated for its potential antidepressant effects in vivo. The forced swim test (FST) results revealed that compound 6a-1 remarkably reduced the immobility time of rats and the open field test (OFT) results indicated a better general locomotor activity of the rats treated with compound 6a-1 than those with Agomelatine or Fluoxetine. Mechanism studies implied that compound 6a-1 can significantly reduce PC12 cell apoptosis by up-regulation of GSH and down-regulation of ROS in corticosterone-induced lesion of PC12 cells. Meanwhile, the down-regulation of calcium ion concentration and up-regulation of BDNF level in PC12 cells may account for the neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, compound 6a-1 can increase cell survival and cell proliferation, promote cell maturation in the rat hippocampus after chronic treatment. The acute toxicity data in vivo indicated compound 6a-1 exhibited less hepatotoxicity than Agomelatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Haiyue Long
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Neurosurgery/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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7
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Kopsky DJ, Keppel Hesselink JM. High Doses of Topical Amitriptyline in Neuropathic Pain: Two Cases and Literature Review. Pain Pract 2011; 12:148-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Begum G, Dube A, Joshi PG, Gupta PK, Joshi NB. Chlorin p6 preferentially localizes in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and inhibits Ca2+ release from intracellular store. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 95:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Impaired heart rate variability and altered cardiac sympathovagal balance after antidepressant overdose. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 64:1037-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-008-0505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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11
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Fridrich P, Colvin HP, Zizza A, Wasan AD, Lukanich J, Lirk P, Saria A, Zernig G, Hamp T, Gerner P. Phase 1A safety assessment of intravenous amitriptyline. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2007; 8:549-55. [PMID: 17512256 PMCID: PMC2001298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.02.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The antidepressant amitriptyline is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of chronic pain. Among its many actions, amitriptyline blocks Na+ channels and nerves in several animal and human models. As perioperative intravenous lidocaine has been suggested to decrease postoperative pain, amitriptyline, because of its longer half-life time, might be more useful than lidocaine. However, the use of intravenous amitriptyline is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. We therefore investigated the adverse effects of preoperative intravenous amitriptyline in a typical phase 1A trial. After obtaining written Food and Drug Administration and institutional review board approval, we obtained written consent for preoperative infusion of amitriptyline in an open-label, dose-escalating design (25, 50, and 100 mg, n=5 per group). Plasma levels of amitriptyline/nortriptyline were determined, and adverse effects were recorded in a predetermined symptom list. Infusion of 25 and 50 mg amitriptyline appears to be well tolerated; however, the study was terminated when 1 subject in the 100-mg group developed severe bradycardia. Intravenous infusion of amitriptyline (25 to 50 mg over 1 hour) did not create side effects beyond dry mouth and drowsiness, or dizziness, in 2 of our 10 otherwise healthy participants receiving the 25- to 50-mg dose. An appropriately powered future trial is necessary to determine a potential role of amitriptyline in decreasing postoperative pain. PERSPECTIVE Amitriptyline potently blocks the persistently open Na+ channels, which are known to be instrumental in various pain states. As this occurs at very low plasma concentrations, a single preoperative intravenous infusion of amitriptyline could provide long-lasting pain relief and decrease the incidence of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fridrich
- Attending Anesthesiologist, Trauma Hospital Lorenz Boehler, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans Peter Colvin
- Research Assistant and Medical Student, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Neurochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anthony Zizza
- Research Assistant and Medical Student, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ajay D. Wasan
- Instructor, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jean Lukanich
- Assistant Professor, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Philipp Lirk
- Resident, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Neurochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alois Saria
- Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerald Zernig
- Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Hamp
- Research Assistant and Medical Student, Trauma Hospital Lorenz Boehler, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Gerner
- Assistant Professor, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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12
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Huang CJ, Cheng HH, Chou CT, Kuo CC, Lu YC, Tseng LL, Chu ST, Hsu SS, Wang JL, Lin KL, Chen IS, Liu SI, Jan CR. Desipramine-induced Ca2+ movement and cytotoxicity in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:449-56. [PMID: 17267168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the antidepressant desipramine on intracellular Ca(2+) movement and viability in prostate cancer cells has not been explored previously. The present study examined whether desipramine could alter Ca(2+) handling and viability in human prostate PC3 cancer cells. Cytosolic free Ca(2+) levels ([Ca(2+)](i)) in populations of cells were measured using fura-2 as a probe. Desipramine at concentrations above 10 microM increased [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner. The responses saturated at 300 microM desipramine. The Ca(2+) signal was reduced by half by removing extracellular Ca(2+), but was unaffected by nifedipine, nicardipine, nimodipine, diltiazem or verapamil. In Ca(2+)-free medium, after treatment with 300 microM desipramine, 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor) failed to release Ca(2+) from endoplasmic reticulum. Conversely, desipramine failed to release more Ca(2+) after thapsigargin treatment. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not affect desipramine-induced Ca(2+) release. Overnight incubation with 10-800 microM desipramine decreased viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Chelation of cytosolic Ca(2+) with BAPTA did not reverse the decreased cell viability. Collectively, the data suggest that in PC3 cells, desipramine induced a [Ca(2+)](i) increase by causing Ca(2+) release from endoplasmic reticulum in a phospholipase C-independent fashion and by inducing Ca(2+) influx. Desipramine decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent, Ca(2+)-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Abstract
Local anesthetics are used broadly to prevent or reverse acute pain and treat symptoms of chronic pain. This chapter, on the analgesic aspects of local anesthetics, reviews their broad actions that affect many different molecular targets and disrupt their functions in pain processing. Application of local anesthetics to peripheral nerve primarily results in the blockade of propagating action potentials, through their inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels. Such inhibition results from drug binding at a site in the channel's inner pore, accessible from the cytoplasmic opening. Binding of drug molecules to these channels depends on their conformation, with the drugs generally having a higher affinity for the open and inactivated channel states that are induced by membrane depolarization. As a result, the effective potency of these drugs for blocking impulses increases during high-frequency repetitive firing and also under slow depolarization, such as occurs at a region of nerve injury, which is often the locus for generation of abnormal, pain-related ectopic impulses. At distal and central terminals the inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels by local anesthetics will suppress neurogenic inflammation and the release of neurotransmitters. Actions on receptors that contribute to nociceptive transduction, such as TRPV1 and the bradykinin B2 receptor, provide an independent mode of analgesia. In the spinal cord, where local anesthetics are present during epidural or intrathecal anesthesia, inhibition of inotropic receptors, such as those for glutamate, by local anesthetics further interferes with neuronal transmission. Activation of spinal cord mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, which are essential for the hyperalgesia following injury or incision and occur in both neurons and glia, is inhibited by spinal local anesthetics. Many G protein-coupled receptors are susceptible to local anesthetics, with particular sensitivity of those coupled via the Gq alpha-subunit. Local anesthetics are also infused intravenously to yield plasma concentrations far below those that block normal action potentials, yet that are frequently effective at reversing neuropathic pain. Thus, local anesthetics modify a variety of neuronal membrane channels and receptors, leading to what is probably a synergistic mixture of analgesic mechanisms to achieve effective clinical analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yanagidate
- Pain Research Center, BWH/MRB611, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115-6110, USA
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14
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Lirk P, Haller I, Hausott B, Ingorokva S, Deibl M, Gerner P, Klimaschewski L. The neurotoxic effects of amitriptyline are mediated by apoptosis and are effectively blocked by inhibition of caspase activity. Anesth Analg 2006; 102:1728-33. [PMID: 16717317 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000216018.62549.bb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral tricyclic antidepressants, widely used as adjuncts in the treatment of chronic pain, block sodium channels in vitro and nerve conduction in vivo. However, toxicity of amitriptyline has been observed after neural application. We therefore investigated the mechanism and possible prevention of amitriptyline neurotoxicity. To assess dose-dependent neurotoxicity of amitriptyline, we incubated neuron cultures from adult rat dorsal root ganglia with amitriptyline and quantified neuronal survival. Additionally, we investigated accepted markers of apoptosis (mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic cytochrome c, and activated caspase-3) and co-incubated amitriptyline with an inhibitor of caspase activity, z-vad-fmk, to assess the effect on cell survival. We found a dose-dependent neurotoxic effect of amitriptyline. Neurons incubated with amitriptyline exhibited loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, and activation of caspase-3. Co-incubation with z-vad-fmk substantially improved neuronal survival in culture. In conclusion, amitriptyline-induced neurotoxicity is mediated by apoptosis and is attenuated by inhibition of caspase activity, suggesting that inhibition of apoptotic pathways may be efficient at alleviating local anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. In vivo studies will have to corroborate whether the co-injection of anti-apoptotic drugs with local anesthetics decreases neurotoxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lirk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
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15
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Quintero JL, Arenas MI, García DE. The antidepressant imipramine inhibits M current by activating a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)-dependent pathway in rat sympathetic neurones. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 145:837-43. [PMID: 15852030 PMCID: PMC1576193 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the intracellular actions of imipramine (IMI) in the regulation of ion channels. We tested the action of IMI on the intracellular cascade that regulates M current (I(M)) in superior cervical ganglion neurones (SCGs). Dialysis of the cells with GDPbetaS, a G protein signaling blocker, did not disrupt the inhibition of I(M). When we incubated the cells with the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, it prevented the I(M) inhibition by IMI. Also, when we dialyzed the cells with an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, it did not disrupt I(M) inhibition by IMI, as occurs in the M1 cascade. When we incubated the cells with the generic kinase inhibitor wortmannin, it prevented the recovery of I(M) from the inhibition by IMI. Also, when we applied phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) intracellularly, it diminished the inhibition of I(M) by IMI. Our findings suggest that PLC is the target for IMI, that recovery of I(M) needs lipid phosphorylation for PIP2 resynthesis, and that IMI inhibits I(M) by activating a PLC-dependent pathway, likely by decreasing the concentration of PIP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jania L Quintero
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Apdo. Post. 70250, CP 04510 México, DF, México
| | - Maria Isabel Arenas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Apdo. Post. 70250, CP 04510 México, DF, México
| | - David E García
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Apdo. Post. 70250, CP 04510 México, DF, México
- Author for correspondence:
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Sawynok J, Reid AR, Liu XJ, Parkinson FE. Amitriptyline enhances extracellular tissue levels of adenosine in the rat hindpaw and inhibits adenosine uptake. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 518:116-22. [PMID: 16156010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Local administration of amitriptyline into the rat hindpaw produces peripheral antinociception; this is reduced by adenosine receptor antagonists and appears to involve endogenous adenosine. The present study used peripheral microdialysis: (a) to determine whether amitriptyline could enhance extracellular tissue levels of endogenous adenosine in the rat hindpaw and (b) to examine mechanisms by which such an increase could occur. Local injection of amitriptyline into the plantar hindpaw, at doses that produce peripheral antinociception (100-300 nmol), produced an increase in local extracellular levels of adenosine. When injected in combination with formalin, which also enhances such levels of adenosine, an additive increase was observed. This adenosine originated partly as nucleotide, as inhibition of ecto-5'-nucleotidase reduced the amount of adenosine detected in the probe following administration of amitriptyline. When administered in combination with exogenous adenosine, amitriptyline augmented recovery of adenosine in the probe. Pretreatment of rats with capsaicin augmented the ability of amitriptyline to increase adenosine levels detected in the dialysis probe; it also enhanced tissue recovery of exogenously administered adenosine. In uptake studies using cultured rat C6 glioma cells, amitriptyline inhibited adenosine uptake by an adenosine transporter (IC50 0.37 +/- 0.12 mM). In enzyme assays, amitriptyline had no effect on adenosine kinase or adenosine deaminase activity. These results demonstrate that amitriptyline: (a) enhances extracellular tissue levels of adenosine in the rat hindpaw following local administration in vivo and (b) inhibits adenosine uptake but has no effect on metabolism in vitro. Therefore, increased extracellular adenosine levels in vivo appear to result partially from extracellular conversion of nucleotide and partially from inhibition of uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sawynok
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5.
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Ho CM, Kuo SY, Chen CH, Huang JK, Jan CR. Effect of desipramine on Ca2+ levels and growth in renal tubular cells. Cell Signal 2005; 17:837-45. [PMID: 15763426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Revised: 11/03/2004] [Accepted: 11/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro effect of desipramine on renal tubular cell is unknown. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, the effect of desipramine on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured by using fura-2. Desipramine (>25 microM) caused a rapid and sustained rise of [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=50 microM). Desipramine-induced [Ca2+]i rise was prevented by 40% by removal of extracellular Ca2+ but was not altered by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca2+]i rise, after which desipramine failed to release more Ca2+; in addition, pretreatment with desipramine partly decreased thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not change desipramine-induced [Ca2+]i rise. Incubation with 10-100 microM desipramine enhances or inhibits cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of desipramine on proliferation was not extracellular Ca2+-dependent. Apoptosis appears to contribute to desipramine-induced cell death. Together, these findings suggest that desipramine increases baseline [Ca2+]i in renal tubular cells by evoking both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release, and can cause apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Man Ho
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
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Ishibashi H, Eto K, Kajiwara M, Noda M. Facilitation of spontaneous glutamate release by antidepressant drugs in rat locus coeruleus. Neurosci Lett 2005; 374:152-6. [PMID: 15644283 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2004] [Revised: 10/11/2004] [Accepted: 10/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of antidepressant drugs on spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were investigated in the mechanically dissociated rat locus coeruleus (LC) neurons which had their presynaptic nerve terminals attached. The membrane currents were recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Desipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, reversibly and concentration-dependently increased the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs, but did not alter their amplitude distribution. The inhibitors of high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels failed to block the facilitatory action of desipramine, while they inhibited the high K+-induced facilitation of spontaneous EPSC frequency. The desipramine action was also observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Pretreatment of thapsigargin in Ca2+-free solution fully inhibited the desipramine action, thus suggesting the involvement of Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores at glutamatergic presynaptic nerve terminals. Imipramine and nortriptyline, other tricyclic antidepressants, and amoxapine, mianserin and fluoxetine, non-tricyclic antidepressants, also increased the EPSC frequency, while tranylcypromine, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, did not increase the glutamate release. The present results indicate that modulation of spontaneous glutamatergic transmission by tricyclic- and non-tricyclic-antidepressant drugs may regulate the excitability of LC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ishibashi
- Department of Bio-signaling Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Jan CR, Lu YC, Tseng LL, Jiann BP, Chang HT, Wang JL, Chen WC, Huang JK. Effect of the Antidepressant Desipramine on Cytosolic Ca 2+ Movement and Proliferation in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Pharmacology 2003; 69:190-6. [PMID: 14624059 DOI: 10.1159/000073663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2002] [Accepted: 05/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In human osteosarcoma MG63 cells, the effect of desipramine, an antidepressant, on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured by using fura-2. Desipramine (>10 micromol/l) caused a rapid and sustained rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC(50) = 200 micromol/l). Desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was prevented by 80% by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) but was not altered by voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blockers. In Ca(2+)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca(2+)](i) rise, after which the increasing effect of desipramine on [Ca(2+)](i) was abolished; also, pretreatment with desipramine partly reduced thapsigargin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not affect desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Overnight incubation with 10 micromol/l desipramine did not alter cell proliferation, but killed 32 and 89% of cells at concentrations of 100 and 200 micromol/l, respectively. These findings suggest that desipramine rapidly increases [Ca(2+)](i) in osteoblasts by stimulating both extracellular Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release, and is cytotoxic at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan/ROC
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