1
|
Shinada T, Kokubun K, Takano Y, Iki H, Kobayashi K, Hamasaki T, Taki Y. Effects of natural reduced water on cognitive functions in older adults: A RCT study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38505. [PMID: 39397929 PMCID: PMC11471180 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and diabetes increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Natural reduced water contains active hydrogen (hydrogen radicals), eliminates reactive oxygen species, and has antidiabetic effects. However, whether natural reduced water affects human cognitive function is unknown. Therefore, we implemented a double-blind intervention experiment in which participants consumed 1 L of natural reduced water or tap water daily for 6 months. The participants were healthy older adults living in Japan. The intervention group showed significant improvements in cognitive functions of attention function (p < 0.01) and short-term memory (p < 0.05). These results indicate that the continuous intake of natural reduced water improves several cognitive functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Shinada
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kokubun
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
- Graduate School of Management, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Takano
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Psychology, University of Human Environments, Matsuyama, 790-0825, Japan
| | - Hikari Iki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koki Kobayashi
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takeki Hamasaki
- Laboratory of Functional Water, Food and Energy, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parwani K, Patel F, Bhagwat P, Dilip H, Patel D, Thiruvenkatam V, Mandal P. Swertiamarin mitigates nephropathy in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end products. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:136-154. [PMID: 34657540 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1987478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The molecular mechanism by which Swertiamarin (SM) prevents advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) has never been explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of SM in preventing the progression of DN in high fat diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS After 1 week of acclimatisation, the rats were divided randomly into five groups as follows: (1) Control group, which received normal chow diet; (2) High-fat diet (HFD) group which was fed diet comprising of 58.7% fat, 27.5% carbohydrate and 14.4% protein); (3) Aminoguanidine (AG) group which received HFD + 100 mg/k.b.w.AG (intraperitoneal); (4) Metformin (Met) group which received HFD + 70 mg/k.b.w. the oral dose of Met and (5) SM group which was supplemented orally with 50 mg/k.b.w.SM along with HFD. After 12 weeks all HFD fed animals were given a single 35 mg/k.b.w. dose of streptozotocin with continuous HFD feeding for additional 18 weeks. Later, various biochemical assays, urine analyses, histopathological analysis of kidneys, levels of AGEs, expression of various makers, and in-silico analysis were performed. RESULTS The diabetic group demonstrated oxidative stress, increased levels of AGEs, decreased renal function, fibrosis in the renal tissue, higher expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which were ameliorated in the SM treated group. In-silico analysis suggests that SM can prevent the binding of AGEs with RAGE. CONCLUSIONS SM ameliorated DN by inhibiting the oxidative stress induced by AGEs.HighlightsSM reduces the levels of hyperglycaemia-induced advanced glycation end products in serum and renal tissue.SM prevents renal fibrosis by inhibiting the EMT in the kidney tissue.The in-silico analysis proves that SM can inhibit the binding of various AGEs with RAGE, thereby inhibiting the AGE-RAGE axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Parwani
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Farhin Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Pranav Bhagwat
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Haritha Dilip
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dhara Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| | - Vijay Thiruvenkatam
- Discipline of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Palash Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Anand, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hamasaki T, Teruya K, Katakura Y. Effect of Hita Tenryo Water™, a natural mineral water, on allergic symptoms induced by cedar in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26915. [PMID: 38444511 PMCID: PMC10912610 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with allergies to pollen and food is increasing worldwide. In Japan, the prevalence of cedar pollinosis, a type I allergy, is nearly 30% and accounts of hay fever are rising. A potential natural remedy for these allergic diseases may be Hita Tenryo Water™ (referred to simply as Hita Tenryo water), water that is pumped from deep underground in the Hita region of Oita, Japan, which has been the subject of various research reports. Here, we investigated the potential of using Hita Tenryo water to suppress the onset of cedar pollinosis in a mouse model and explored the immunological mechanism of the suppression. Test model mice were given Hita Tenryo water ad libitum to drink and received intraperitoneal administration of (i) tap water (Hw1), (ii) 25% Hita Tenryo water (Hw2) or (iii) 100% Hita Tenryo (Hw3). There were no significant differences in body weight change, feed intake, or water intake among the groups during the experimental period. We examined nose rubbing and sneezing as allergic symptoms. The frequency of rubbing and sneezing tended to decrease in the Hw1 and Hw2 group, and significantly decreased in the Hw3 group compared to control. Total IgE levels in serum were also significantly reduced in Hita Tenryo water intraperitoneal administration groups. In vitro examination of the rate of release of β-hexosaminidase from BL-2H3 cells showed that there were no significantly differences between Hita Tenryo water-treated and control cells. In addition, measurement of Th2-related cytokine levels in concanavalin A-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed a significant decrease in IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in medium (p < 0.01). In contrast, production of IFN-γ significantly increased (p < 0.01). These results indicate that Hita Tenryo water may alleviate and/or suppress allergic symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeki Hamasaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiichro Teruya
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Electrolyzed-Reduced Water: Review I. Molecular Hydrogen Is the Exclusive Agent Responsible for the Therapeutic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314750. [PMID: 36499079 PMCID: PMC9738607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous benefits have been attributed to alkaline-electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW). Sometimes these claims are associated with easily debunked concepts. The observed benefits have been conjectured to be due to the intrinsic properties of ERW (e.g., negative oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), alkaline pH, H2 gas), as well enigmatic characteristics (e.g., altered water structure, microclusters, free electrons, active hydrogen, mineral hydrides). The associated pseudoscientific marketing has contributed to the reluctance of mainstream science to accept ERW as having biological effects. Finally, through many in vitro and in vivo studies, each one of these propositions was examined and refuted one-by-one until it was conclusively demonstrated that H2 was the exclusive agent responsible for both the negative ORP and the observed therapeutic effects of ERW. This article briefly apprised the history of ERW and comprehensively reviewed the sequential research demonstrating the importance of H2. We illustrated that the effects of ERW could be readily explained by the known biological effects of H2 and by utilizing conventional chemistry without requiring any metaphysical conjecture (e.g., microclustering, free electrons, etc.) or reliance on implausible notions (e.g., alkaline water neutralizes acidic waste). The H2 concentration of ERW should be measured to ensure it is comparable to those used in clinical studies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu T, Sakamoto M, Inoue N, Imahigashi K, Kamitani Y. Effect of Functional Water on the Antioxidant Property of Concentrated Reconstituted Juice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162531. [PMID: 36010530 PMCID: PMC9407226 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
People often consume juice to easily ingest antioxidants, which can scavenge free radicals and reduce the risk of lifestyle-related diseases. In this study, the SOD assay kit-WST method was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of two types of functional water, alkaline electrolyzed water (AlEW) and tourmaline water (TMW), reconstituted commercially available (Tropicana) and freshly squeezed concentrated juices and the effect of functional waters on physicochemical parameters and sensory evaluation of reconstituted juices was also analyzed. The reconstituted juice exhibited the highest antioxidant activity when the electrolysis current of AlEW was 8A or the tourmaline stone treatment temperature of TMW was 75 °C. Compared with the control group (69.4%), SOD activity of the reconstituted orange juice in the 8A-AlEW (77.2%) and 75 °C-TMW (84.5%) groups increased by 7.8 and 15.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the color and pH of the functional water reconstituted juice were not significantly different from the juice before concentration, and the taste was better. In summary, functional water could enhance the antioxidant activity of concentrated juice as a formula which could provide novel ideas for the development of functional beverages with antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongjiao Wu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Natsuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kotaro Imahigashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kamitani
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-099-285-8606
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Juliana H, Tarek S. Comparative study of the effect of Bluem active oxygen gel and coe-pack dressing on postoperative surgical depigmentation healing. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:328-334. [PMID: 35692245 PMCID: PMC9177883 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Black colored gingiva is an esthetic concern, especially when accompanied by a high lip line or gummy smile. Surgical depigmentation with a scalpel is still considered the golden standard in gingival pigmentation management although it causes an area of open wound, which needs a special management with dressing. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of reactive oxygen gel species (BlueM gel) and the traditional Coe-Pack dressing on gingival healing and pain after surgical depigmentation. Materials and Methods This split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted on 20 nonsmoking individuals aged 20–38 years with maxillary physiologic gingival pigmentation classes (III) and (IV) according to the Dummett–Gupta Oral Pigmentation Index (40 treated sites) who had requested an esthetic treatment for gingival hyperpigmentation of the maxillary gingiva. The maxilla was randomly divided into two symmetrical parts—from the right second premolar to the midline and from the midline to the left second premolar—to receive either BlueM gel or Coe-Pack as a dressing after surgical depigmentation with a scalpel. Various indices were assessed, such as pain and reepithelization index with toluidine blue, and the follow-up period was 1 month. Results A total of 20 patients were included in this study. There were statistically significant differences in the pain index after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. The BlueM gel group showed a higher significant difference after 1, 2, and 3 weeks in the reepithelization index. Conclusion Hence, BlueM gel can be considered as a good alternative for the Coe-Pack dressing after gingival depigmentation owing to its pain reduction properties, acceleration of wound healing, and postoperative reepithelization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Juliana
- Corresponding author at: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Number 5, Abasyeen Street, Damascus, Syria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen BK, Wang CK. Electrolyzed Water and Its Pharmacological Activities: A Mini-Review. Molecules 2022; 27:1222. [PMID: 35209015 PMCID: PMC8877615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrolyzed water (EW) is a new type of cleaning and disinfecting agent obtained by means of electrolysis with a dilute sodium chloride solution. It has low cost and harm to the human body and is also friendly to the environment. The anode produces acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), which is mainly used to inhibit bacterial growth and disinfect. The cathode provides basic electrolyzed water (BEW), which is implemented to promote human health. EW is a powerful multifunctional antibacterial agent with a wide range of applications in the medicine, agriculture, and food industry. Studies in vitro and in vivo show that it has an inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Therefore, EW is used to prevent chronic diseases, while it has been found to be effective against various kinds of infectious viruses. Animal experiments and clinical trials clearly showed that it accelerates wound healing, and has positive effects in oral health care, anti-obesity, lowering blood sugar, anti-cancer and anti-infectious viral diseases. This review article summarizes the application of EW in treating bacteria and viruses, the prevention of chronic diseases, and health promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shinada T, Takano Y, Kokubun K, Iki H, Taki Y. Effects of Natural Reduced Water on Cognitive Function, Body Composition, and Psychological Function in Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods Protoc 2021; 4:mps4040073. [PMID: 34698243 PMCID: PMC8544515 DOI: 10.3390/mps4040073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural reduced water is natural water that contains active hydrogen and reduces oxidation. It is rare in the world, and in Japan, it is produced in the Hita area of Oita Prefecture (Hita Tenryosui water). Previous studies in humans have examined the effects of natural reduced water on diabetes, which is one of the known risks for dementia. Animal studies of natural reduced water have revealed anti-obesity and anti-anxiety effects. However, the effects of natural reduced water on cognitive function, body composition, and psychological function in humans are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between these items in elderly people who continuously consume natural reduced water. In this study, we recruited participants aged between 65 and 74 years. The participants were randomly and blindly assigned to a natural reduced water (Hita Tenryosui water) group or a control (tap water) group and drank 1 L of water daily for 6 months. Cognitive function, body composition, and psychological function were measured before and after the 6-month intervention period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Shinada
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.K.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-8824
| | - Yuji Takano
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Human Environments, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-0825, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kokubun
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hikari Iki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pechlivanova D, Krumova E, Kostadinova N, Mitreva-Staleva J, Grozdanov P, Stoynev A. Protective effects of losartan on some type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced complications in Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:527-538. [PMID: 31997264 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is characterized by resistance of insulin receptors and/or inadequate insulin secretion resulting in metabolic and structural complications including vascular diseases, arterial hypertension and different behavioral alterations. We aimed to study the effects of the antihypertensive angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist losartan on the T2DM-induced changes of exploratory behavior, anxiety, nociception and short term memory in normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The experimental model of T2DM induced by a combination of high fat diet and streptozotocin, decreased exploratory activity and increased the level of carbonylated proteins in selected brain structures in both strains; as well it increased corticosterone level, pain threshold, anxiety-like behavior, and decline short term memory only in SHRs. Losartan treatment alleviated some of the T2DM- induced metabolic complications, abolished the T2DM-induced hypo activity, and normalized the corticosterone level, carbonylated proteins in brain, nociception and memory. Losartan did not exert effect on the anxiety behavior in both strains. We showed that T2DM exerted more pronounced negative effects on the rats with comorbid hypertension as compared to normotensive rats. Overall effects on the studied behavioral parameters are related to decreased exploration of the new environment, increased anxiety-like behavior, and decline in short-term memory. The systemic sub-chronic treatment with an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist losartan ameliorated most of these complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pechlivanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ekaterina Krumova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nedelina Kostadinova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jeny Mitreva-Staleva
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petar Grozdanov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Stoynev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University-Sofia, St. Georgi Sofiyski Str. 1, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yahiro T, Hara T, Matsumoto T, Ikebe E, Fife-Koshinomi N, Xu Z, Hiratsuka T, Iha H, Inomata M. Long-Term Potable Effects of Alkalescent Mineral Water on Intestinal Microbiota Shift and Physical Conditioning. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:2710587. [PMID: 31827547 PMCID: PMC6885775 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2710587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An alkalescent (pH 8.3) mineral water (AMW) of Hita basin, located in the northwestern part of Kyushu island in Japan, has been recognized for the unique quality of ingredients including highly concentrated silicic acid, sodium, potassium, and hydrogen carbonate. The biological effects of AMW intake were evaluated with a particular focus on its "antiobesity" properties through its modulation of the gut microbiota population. METHODS Two groups of C57BL6/J mice (8-week-old male) were maintained with a standard diet and tap water (control: TWC group) or AMW (AMW group) for 6 months and the following outputs were quantitated: (1) food and water intake, (2) body weight (weekly), (3) body fat measurements by CT scan (monthly), (4) sera biochemical values (TG, ALT, AST, and ALP), and (5) UCP-1 mRNA in fat tissues (terminal point). Two groups of ICR mice (7-week-old male) were maintained with the same method and their feces were collected at the 0, 1st, 3rd, and 6th month at which time the population rates of gut microbiota were quantitated using metagenomic sequencing analysis of 16S-rRNA. RESULTS Among all antiobesity testing items, even though a weekly dietary consumption was increased (p=0.012), both ratios of weight gain (p=1.21E - 10) and visceral fat accumulation (p=0.029) were significantly reduced in the AMW group. Other criteria including water intake (p=0.727), the amounts of total (p=0.1602), and subcutaneous fat accumulation (p=0.052) were within the margin of error and UCP-1 gene expression level (p=0.171) in the AMW group was 3.89-fold higher than that of TWC. Among 8 major gut bacteria families, Lactobacillaceae (increased, p=0.029) and Clostridiaceae (decreased, p=0.029) showed significant shift in the whole population. CONCLUSION We observed significantly reduced (1) weight gaining ratio (average -1.86%, up to -3.3%), (2) visceral fat accumulation ratio (average -4.30%, up to -9.1%), and (3) changes in gut microbiota population. All these consequences could support the "health benefit" functionality of AMW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Yahiro
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi Hospital, Beppu, Oita, Japan
| | - Takao Hara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Emi Ikebe
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | | | - Zhaojun Xu
- Environmental Medicine Research Center, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian 362011, China
| | - Takahiro Hiratsuka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Iha
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inomata
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kozakiewicz M, Kornatowski M, Krzywińska O, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Changes in the blood antioxidant defense of advanced age people. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:763-771. [PMID: 31118597 PMCID: PMC6507109 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s201250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since 1956 there have been numerous scientific articles about free radical theory of aging which both confirm and deny the theory. Due to oxygen metabolism, there are relatively high concentrations of molecular oxygen in human cells, especially in mitochondria. Under normal physiological conditions, a small fraction of oxygen is constantly converted to ROS, such as superoxide radical (O2-•), H2O2, and related metabolites. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to show the relation between the activity of main antioxidative enzymes and the age of the examined patients. Materials and methods: The analysis of antioxidant defense was performed on the blood samples from 184 "aged" individuals aged 65-90+ years, and compared to the blood samples of 37 individuals just about at the beginning of aging, aged 55-59 years. Results: The statistically significant decreases of Zn,Cu-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were observed in elderly people in comparison with the control group. Moreover, an inverse correlation between the activities of SOD-1, CAT, and GSH-Px and the age of the examined persons was found. No age-related changes in glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde concentrations were observed. Conclusion: Lower activities of fundamental antioxidant enzymes in the erythrocytes of elderly people, which indicate the impairment of antioxidant defense in the aging organism and the intensity of peroxidative lipid structures, were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Food Chemistry, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Kornatowski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Olga Krzywińska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Food Chemistry, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Electrochemically Reduced Water Delays Mammary Tumors Growth in Mice and Inhibits Breast Cancer Cells Survival In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4753507. [PMID: 30402124 PMCID: PMC6196883 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4753507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduced water (ERW) has been proposed to have beneficial effects on human health due to its rich content of H2 and the presence of platinum nanoparticles with antioxidant effects. Many studies have demonstrated that ERW scavenging properties are able to reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress in different experimental models. Although few in vivo studies have been reported, it has been demonstrated that ERW may display anticancer effects by induction of tumor cells apoptosis and reduction of both angiogenesis and inflammation. In this study, we show that ERW treatment of MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and mouse (TUBO) breast cancer cells inhibited cell survival in a time-dependent fashion. ERW decreased ErbB2/neu expression and impaired pERK1/ERK2 and AKT phosphorylation in breast cancer cells. In addition, ERW treatment induced apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines independently of the status of p53 and ER and PR receptors. Our in vivo results showed that ERW treatment of transgenic BALB-neuT mice delayed the development of mammary tumors compared to the control. In addition, ERW induced a significant prolongation of tumor-free survival and a reduction in tumor multiplicity. Overall, these results suggest a potential beneficial role of ERW in inhibiting cancer cells growth.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaur N, Kishore L, Singh R. Dillenia indica L. attenuates diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of advanced glycation end products accumulation in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:226-238. [PMID: 29322013 PMCID: PMC5756019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibitory activity of alcohol and hydro-alcohol extract (DAE and DHE) of Dillenia indica L. (Family: Dilleniaceae) and its potential in treatment of diabetic nephropathy by targeting markers of oxidative stress. D. indica was evaluated for its in vitro inhibitory activity against formation of AGEs by using bovine serum albumin. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg i.p.) 15 min after nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. Diabetic rats were treated with different doses of extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) to analyze their nephroprotective effect. Tissue antioxidant enzymes level was measured along with the formation of AGEs in kidney to assess the effect of D. indica in ameliorating oxidative stress. D. indica showed significant inhibition of AGEs formation in vitro. D. indica produced significant attenuation in the glycemic status, renal parameter, lipid profile and level of antioxidant enzymes proving efficacy in diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, D. indica produced significant reduction in the formation of AGEs in kidneys. The present study concludes that D. indica as a possible therapeutic agent against diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hamasaki T, Harada G, Nakamichi N, Kabayama S, Teruya K, Fugetsu B, Gong W, Sakata I, Shirahata S. Electrochemically reduced water exerts superior reactive oxygen species scavenging activity in HT1080 cells than the equivalent level of hydrogen-dissolved water. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171192. [PMID: 28182635 PMCID: PMC5300231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically reduced water (ERW) is produced near a cathode during electrolysis and exhibits an alkaline pH, contains richly dissolved hydrogen, and contains a small amount of platinum nanoparticles. ERW has reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity and recent studies demonstrated that hydrogen-dissolved water exhibits ROS-scavenging activity. Thus, the antioxidative capacity of ERW is postulated to be dependent on the presence of hydrogen levels; however, there is no report verifying the role of dissolved hydrogen in ERW. In this report, we clarify whether the responsive factor for antioxidative activity in ERW is dissolved hydrogen. The intracellular ROS scavenging activity of ERW and hydrogen-dissolved water was tested by both fluorescent stain method and immuno spin trapping assay. We confirm that ERW possessed electrolysis intensity-dependent intracellular ROS-scavenging activity, and ERW exerts significantly superior ROS-scavenging activity in HT1080 cells than the equivalent level of hydrogen-dissolved water. ERW retained its ROS-scavenging activity after removal of dissolved hydrogen, but lost its activity when autoclaved. An oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and chemiluminescence assay could not detect radical-scavenging activity in both ERW and hydrogen-dissolved water. These results indicate that ERW contains electrolysis-dependent hydrogen and an additional antioxidative factor predicted to be platinum nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeki Hamasaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gakuro Harada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noboru Nakamichi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Kiichiro Teruya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Bunshi Fugetsu
- Innovation Policy Research Center, IPRC, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Gong
- Innovation Policy Research Center, IPRC, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sakata
- Policy Alternative Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanetaka Shirahata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Calzada F, Solares-Pascasio JI, Ordoñez-Razo RM, Velazquez C, Barbosa E, García-Hernández N, Mendez-Luna D, Correa-Basurto J. Antihyperglycemic Activity of the Leaves from Annona cherimola Miller and Rutin on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Pharmacognosy Res 2017; 9:1-6. [PMID: 28250646 PMCID: PMC5330092 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.199781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Annona cherimola, known as “chirimoya” has been reported in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Objective: The aims of the present study were to validate and assess the traditional use of A. cherimola as an antidiabetic agent. Materials and Methods: The ethanol extract from A. cherimola (300 mg/kg, EEAc), subsequent fractions (100 mg/kg), and rutin (30 mg/kg) were studied on alloxan-induced type 2 diabetic (AITD) and normoglycemic rats. In addition, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and oral sucrose tolerance test (OSTT) were performed in normoglycemic rats. Molecular docking technique was used to conduct the computational study. Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation of EEAc afforded as major antihyperglycemic compound, rutin. EEAc attenuated postprandial hyperglycemia in acute test using AITD rats (331.5 mg/dL) carrying the glycemic levels to 149.2 mg/dL. Rutin after 2 h, attenuated postprandial hyperglycemia in an acute assay using AITD rats such as EEAc, with maximum effect (150.0 mg/dL) being seen at 4 h. The antihyperglycemic activities of EEAc and rutin were comparable with acarbose (151.3 mg/dL). In the subchronic assay on AITD rats, the EEAc and rutin showed a reduction of the blood glucose levels since the 1st week of treatment, reaching levels similar to normoglycemic state (116.9 mg/kg) that stayed constant for the rest of the assay. OGTT and OSTT showed that EEAc and rutin significantly lowered blood glucose levels in normoglycemic rats at 2 h after a glucose or sucrose load such as acarbose. Computational molecular docking showed that rutin interacted with four amino acids residues in the enzyme α-glucosidase. Conclusion: The results suggest that rutin an α-glucosidase inhibitor was responsible in part of the antihyperglycemic activity of A. cherimola. Its in vivo antihyperglycemic activity is in good agreement with the traditional use of A. cherimola for the treatment of diabetes. SUMMARY The ethanol extract from Annona cherimola (300 mg/kg, EEAc), subsequent fractions (100 mg/kg) and rutin (30 mg/kg) were studied on alloxan-induced type 2 diabetic (AITD) and normoglycemic rats. The results suggest that rutin; an α-glucosidase inhibitor was responsible in part of the antihyperglycemic activity of A. cherimola. Its in vivo antihyperglycemic activity is in good agreement with the traditional use of A. cherimola for the treatment of diabetes.
Abbreviations Used: EEAc: The ethanol extract from Annona cherimola, AITD: Alloxan-induced type 2 diabetic rats, OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test, OSTT: Oral sucrose tolerance test, DM: Diabetes mellitus
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Calzada
- Medical Research Unit in Pharmacology, UMAE Speciality Hospital-2° Floor CORCE National Medical Center Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330, Col. Doctores, CP 06725, México City, México
| | - Jesús Iván Solares-Pascasio
- Medical Research Unit in Pharmacology, UMAE Speciality Hospital-2° Floor CORCE National Medical Center Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330, Col. Doctores, CP 06725, México City, México
| | - R M Ordoñez-Razo
- Medical Research Unit in Human Genetics UMAE Pediatric Hospital. Medical Center Siglo XXI, IMSS, México City, México
| | - Claudia Velazquez
- Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Unidad Universitaria, C. P. 42076 Pachuca, Hidalgo, México
| | - Elizabeth Barbosa
- Postgraduate Studies and Research, Superior School of Medicine of IPN, Plan de San Luís y Díaz Mirón, CP 11340, México City, México
| | - Normand García-Hernández
- Medical Research Unit in Human Genetics UMAE Pediatric Hospital. Medical Center Siglo XXI, IMSS, México City, México
| | - David Mendez-Luna
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Bioinformátics/ Drug Design, Superior School of Medicine of IPN, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 México City, México
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Bioinformátics/ Drug Design, Superior School of Medicine of IPN, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 México City, México
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Masuda K, Tanaka Y, Kanehisa M, Ninomiya T, Inoue A, Higuma H, Kawashima C, Nakanishi M, Okamoto K, Akiyoshi J. Natural reduced water suppressed anxiety and protected the heightened oxidative stress in rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2357-2362. [PMID: 28932120 PMCID: PMC5598750 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s138289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, the effects of reduced water, such as hydrogen-rich electrolyzed reduced water and natural reduced water, like Hita Tenryosui water®, have been examined. The purpose of the present study was to identify the role of natural reduced water in anxiety and blood biochemical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Natural reduced water and distilled water were administered to rats for 180 consecutive days, and their effect on anxiety-like behavior and depression was examined by using elevated plus maze, light/dark, forced swimming, and conditioned fear tests. Before and after administration of natural reduced or distilled water, we performed blood and urine analyses. RESULTS Natural reduced water exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in the conditioned fear and elevated plus maze tests. The mean levels of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the natural reduced water were significantly lower than the distilled water group. Natural reduced water group also showed decrease in blood-urea nitrogen levels compared with the distilled water group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that natural reduced water may decrease anxiety-related behaviors and prevent heightened oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Masuda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kanehisa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Taiga Ninomiya
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Ayako Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Haruka Higuma
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Chiwa Kawashima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Kana Okamoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| | - Jotaro Akiyoshi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Franceschelli S, Gatta DMP, Pesce M, Ferrone A, Patruno A, de Lutiis MA, Grilli A, Felaco M, Croce F, Speranza L. New Approach in Translational Medicine: Effects of Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) on NF-κB/iNOS Pathway in U937 Cell Line under Altered Redox State. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091461. [PMID: 27598129 PMCID: PMC5037740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can exert harmful effects, altering the cellular redox state. Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) produced near the cathode during water electrolysis exhibits high pH, high concentration of dissolved hydrogen and an extremely negative redox potential. Several findings indicate that ERW had the ability of a scavenger free radical, which results from hydrogen molecules with a high reducing ability and may participate in the redox regulation of cellular function. We investigated the effect of ERW on H2O2-induced U937 damage by evaluating the modulation of redox cellular state. Western blotting and spectrophotometrical analysis showed that ERW inhibited oxidative stress by restoring the antioxidant capacity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Consequently, ERW restores the ability of the glutathione reductase to supply the cell of an important endogenous antioxidant, such as GSH, reversing the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on redox balance of U937 cells. Therefore, this means a reduction of cytotoxicity induced by peroxynitrite via a downregulation of the NF-κB/iNOS pathway and could be used as an antioxidant for preventive and therapeutic application. In conclusion, ERW can protect the cellular redox balance, reducing the risk of several diseases with altered cellular homeostasis such as inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Daniela Maria Pia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Medicine and Health Science School, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Maria Anna de Lutiis
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Medicine and Health Science School, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Fausto Croce
- Department of Farmacy, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Oleuropein Ameliorates Cisplatin-induced Hematological Damages Via Restraining Oxidative Stress and DNA Injury. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 33:348-354. [PMID: 28824236 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer, in the world is increasing steadily. Despite intense research efforts, no approved therapy is yet available. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug but induces acute tissue injury. Oleuropein (OLE) is a major phenolic compound and used as a possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. We hypothesized that antioxidant activity of OLE may decrease cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and prevent to the development of chemotherapeutic complications including abnormality in hematological condition. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used in the experiments. Rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups: control group; group treated with i.p. injection in a single dose of 7 mg/kg/day cisplatin; groups treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day OLE (i.p.); and groups treated with OLE for 3 days starting at 24 h following cisplatin injection. First, hematological assessment was appreciated between control and experimental groups. Second, total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels of blood were measured by biochemical studies. In addition to this, oxidative DNA damage was determined by measuring as increases in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) adducts. The treatment with cisplatin elevated the TOS and 8-OH-dG levels that were then reversed by OLE. Reductions in antioxidant capacity with respect to corresponding controls were also restored by OLE treatment. These findings suggest that the OLE treatment against cisplatin-induced toxicity improves the function of blood cells and helps them to survive in the belligerent environment created by free radicals.
Collapse
|
19
|
Samadder A, Abraham SK, Khuda-Bukhsh AR. Nanopharmaceutical approach using pelargonidin towards enhancement of efficacy for prevention of alloxan-induced DNA damage in L6 cells via activation of PARP and p53. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 43:27-37. [PMID: 26943895 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Alloxan is an environmental food contaminant that causes DNA damage in living cells and induces hyperglycemia. Pelargonidin (PG), an active ingredient found in extract of various fruits and vegetables, has been nanoencapsulated (NPG) with poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and tested for efficacy in prevention of alloxan (ALX)-induced DNA damage in L6 cells in vitro. Glucose uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, glucose transporter 4, glucokinase levels and mechanism of activation of DNA repair proteins (PARP and p53) have been studied in ALX-induced L6 cells. Drug-DNA interaction has been analyzed using calf thymus DNA as target through circular dichroism and melting temperature profile. NPGs were physico-chemically characterized by standard protocols using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Pre-treatment with both PG and/or NPG was effective in reducing ALX-induced oxidative stress and showed favourable effects for protection against DNA damage by activating DNA repair cascades. Results suggested ∼10-fold increase in efficacy of NPG than PG in prevention of alloxan-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Samadder
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Suresh K Abraham
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ichihara M, Sobue S, Ito M, Ito M, Hirayama M, Ohno K. Beneficial biological effects and the underlying mechanisms of molecular hydrogen - comprehensive review of 321 original articles. Med Gas Res 2015; 5:12. [PMID: 26483953 PMCID: PMC4610055 DOI: 10.1186/s13618-015-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen for a wide range of disease models and human diseases have been investigated since 2007. A total of 321 original articles have been published from 2007 to June 2015. Most studies have been conducted in Japan, China, and the USA. About three-quarters of the articles show the effects in mice and rats. The number of clinical trials is increasing every year. In most diseases, the effect of hydrogen has been reported with hydrogen water or hydrogen gas, which was followed by confirmation of the effect with hydrogen-rich saline. Hydrogen water is mostly given ad libitum. Hydrogen gas of less than 4 % is given by inhalation. The effects have been reported in essentially all organs covering 31 disease categories that can be subdivided into 166 disease models, human diseases, treatment-associated pathologies, and pathophysiological conditions of plants with a predominance of oxidative stress-mediated diseases and inflammatory diseases. Specific extinctions of hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were initially presented, but the radical-scavenging effect of hydrogen cannot be held solely accountable for its drastic effects. We and others have shown that the effects can be mediated by modulating activities and expressions of various molecules such as Lyn, ERK, p38, JNK, ASK1, Akt, GTP-Rac1, iNOS, Nox1, NF-κB p65, IκBα, STAT3, NFATc1, c-Fos, and ghrelin. Master regulator(s) that drive these modifications, however, remain to be elucidated and are currently being extensively investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ichihara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Sayaka Sobue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015 Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673 Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mira A, Yamashita S, Katakura Y, Shimizu K. In vitro neuroprotective activities of compounds from Angelica shikokiana Makino. Molecules 2015; 20:4813-32. [PMID: 25786165 PMCID: PMC6272295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica shikokiana is widely marketed in Japan as a dietary food supplement. With a focus on neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, the aerial part was extracted and through bio-guided fractionation, fifteen compounds [α-glutinol, β-amyrin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, methyl chlorogenate, chlorogenic acid, hyuganin E, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde, β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside, adenosine (isolated for the first time from A. shikokiana), isoepoxypteryxin and isopteryxin] were isolated. Isolated compounds were evaluated for in vitro neuroprotection using acetylcholine esterase inhibitory, protection against hydrogen peroxide and amyloid β peptide (Aβ25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in neuro-2A cells, scavenging of hydroxyl radicals and intracellular reactive oxygen species and thioflavin T assays. Quercetin showed the strongest AChE inhibition (IC50 value = 35.5 µM) through binding to His-440 and Tyr-70 residues at the catalytic and anionic sites of acetylcholine esterase, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, its methyl ester, quercetin and luteolin could significantly protect neuro-2A cells against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity and scavenge hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoiside, hyuganin E and isoepoxypteryxin significantly decreased Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity and Th-T fluorescence. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about neuroprotection of hyuganin E and isoepoxypteryxin against Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mira
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of agroenvironmental sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukouka 812-8581, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Shuntaro Yamashita
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental sciences, Kyushu University, Fukouka 812-8581, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental sciences, Kyushu University, Fukouka 812-8581, Japan.
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of agroenvironmental sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukouka 812-8581, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tange Y, Takesawa S, Yoshitake S. Dialysate with high dissolved hydrogen facilitates dissociation of indoxyl sulfate from albumin. Nephrourol Mon 2015; 7:e26847. [PMID: 25883914 PMCID: PMC4393549 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.26847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein-bound toxins such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) are not efficiently removed by conventional hemodialysis (HD). OBJECTIVES To improve the removal of IS, we performed an in vitro study to evaluate the effects of high dissolved hydrogen on the dissociation of IS from albumin using simulated HD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wasted dialysate from peritoneal dialysis was concentrated a hundred times using extracorporeal ultrafiltration method. Dialysate with high dissolved hydrogen was made by mixing concentrated dialysis solution and electrolyzed-reduced water. The amounts of free fractions of IS were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS IS was significantly dissociated from albumin using dialysate with high dissolved hydrogen compared with conventional dialysate (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Effective removal of IS is expected using a dialysate with high dissolved hydrogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Tange
- Department of Medical Engineering, School of Health Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Yoshinomachi, Nobeoka, Japan
- Corresponding author: Yoshihiro Tange, Department of Medical Engineering, School of Health Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Yoshinomachi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, Japan. Tel/Fax: +81-982235592, E-mail:
| | - Shingo Takesawa
- Department of Medical Engineering, School of Health Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Yoshinomachi, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Shigenori Yoshitake
- Department of Medical Engineering, School of Health Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Yoshinomachi, Nobeoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li YP, Yao LH, Wu GJ, Pi XF, Gong YC, Ye RS, Wang CX. Antioxidant activities of novel small-molecule polysaccharide fractions purified from Portulaca oleracea L. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
24
|
Electrochemically reduced water protects neural cells from oxidative damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:869121. [PMID: 25383141 PMCID: PMC4212634 DOI: 10.1155/2014/869121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related neurodegenerative disorders are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stresses and their incidence tends to increase with aging. Brain is the most vulnerable to reactive species generated by a higher rate of oxygen consumption and glucose utilization compared to other organs. Electrochemically reduced water (ERW) was demonstrated to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in several cell types. In the present study, the protective effect of ERW against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) was investigated in several rodent neuronal cell lines and primary cells. ERW was found to significantly suppress H2O2 (50–200 μM) induced PC12 and SFME cell deaths. ERW scavenged intracellular ROS and exhibited a protective effect against neuronal network damage caused by 200 μM H2O2 in N1E-115 cells. ERW significantly suppressed NO-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells despite the fact that it did not have the ability to scavenge intracellular NO. ERW significantly suppressed both glutamate induced Ca2+ influx and the resulting cytotoxicity in primary cells. These results collectively demonstrated for the first time that ERW protects several types of neuronal cells by scavenging ROS because of the presence of hydrogen and platinum nanoparticles dissolved in ERW.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ostojic SM, Stojanovic MD. Hydrogen-rich water affected blood alkalinity in physically active men. Res Sports Med 2014; 22:49-60. [PMID: 24392771 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2013.852092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Possible appliance of effective and safe alkalizing agent in the treatment of metabolic acidosis could be of particular interest to humans experiencing an increase in plasma acidity, such as exercise-induced acidosis. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that the daily oral intake of 2L of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) for 14 days would increase arterial blood alkalinity at baseline and post-exercise as compared with the placebo. This study was a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 52 presumably healthy physically active male volunteers. Twenty-six participants received HRW and 26 a placebo (tap water) for 14 days. Arterial blood pH, partial pressure for carbon dioxide (pCO2), and bicarbonates were measured at baseline and postexercise at the start (day 0) and at the end of the intervention period (day 14). Intake of HRW significantly increased fasting arterial blood pH by 0.04 (95% confidence interval; 0.01 - 0.08; p < 0.001), and postexercise pH by 0.07 (95% confidence interval; 0.01 - 0.10; p = 0.03) after 14 days of intervention. Fasting bicarbonates were significantly higher in the HRW trial after the administration regimen as compared with the preadministration (30.5 ± 1.9 mEq/L vs. 28.3 ± 2.3 mEq/L; p < 0.0001). No volunteers withdrew before the end of the study, and no participant reported any vexatious side effects of supplementation. These results support the hypothesis that HRW administration is safe and may have an alkalizing effect in young physically active men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergej M Ostojic
- a Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences , Stari DIF , Belgrade , Serbia
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hamasaki T, Nakamichi N, Teruya K, Shirahata S. Removal efficiency of radioactive cesium and iodine ions by a flow-type apparatus designed for electrochemically reduced water production. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102218. [PMID: 25029447 PMCID: PMC4100768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on March 11, 2011 attracted people’s attention, with anxiety over possible radiation hazards. Immediate and long-term concerns are around protection from external and internal exposure by the liberated radionuclides. In particular, residents living in the affected regions are most concerned about ingesting contaminated foodstuffs, including drinking water. Efficient removal of radionuclides from rainwater and drinking water has been reported using several pot-type filtration devices. A currently used flow-type test apparatus is expected to simultaneously provide radionuclide elimination prior to ingestion and protection from internal exposure by accidental ingestion of radionuclides through the use of a micro-carbon carboxymethyl cartridge unit and an electrochemically reduced water production unit, respectively. However, the removability of radionuclides from contaminated tap water has not been tested to date. Thus, the current research was undertaken to assess the capability of the apparatus to remove radionuclides from artificially contaminated tap water. The results presented here demonstrate that the apparatus can reduce radioactivity levels to below the detection limit in applied tap water containing either 300 Bq/kg of 137Cs or 150 Bq/kg of 125I. The apparatus had a removal efficiency of over 90% for all concentration ranges of radio–cesium and –iodine tested. The results showing efficient radionuclide removability, together with previous studies on molecular hydrogen and platinum nanoparticles as reactive oxygen species scavengers, strongly suggest that the test apparatus has the potential to offer maximum safety against radionuclide-contaminated foodstuffs, including drinking water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeki Hamasaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noboru Nakamichi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Teruya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sanetaka Shirahata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Physico-Chemical, Biological and Therapeutic Characteristics of Electrolyzed Reduced Alkaline Water (ERAW). WATER 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/w5042094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
28
|
Çolak S, Geyikoğlu F, Aslan A, Deniz GY. Effects of lichen extracts on haematological parameters of rats with experimental insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 30:878-87. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233712466130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the world is steadily increasing. Oxidative stress contributes to the development of diabetic complications, including diabetic haematological changes. Lichens are used as food supplements and are also used as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. We hypothesized that antioxidant activity of lichens may decrease hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and prevent the development of diabetic complications, including abnormality in haematological condition. Therefore, the effects of Cetraria islandica water extract (CIWE) and Pseudevernia furfuracea water extract (PFWE) on the haematological parameters of rats with type 1 DM were investigated for the first time in the present study. Control Sprague-Dawley or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were either untreated or treated with water lichen extracts (5–500 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day) for 2 weeks, starting at 72 h after STZ injection. On day 14, animals were anaesthetized and haematological and metabolic parameters were determined between control and experimental groups. In addition, the total oxidative stress (TOS), a specific indicator of oxidative stress, and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured by biochemical studies. In diabetic rats, CIWE of 250–500 mg/kg bw dose showed more prominent results when compared with doses of PFWE for TAC. The results obtained in the present study suggested that the antioxidant activities of lichens might be the possible reason behind the observed antihaematological status. However, the protective effect of lichen extracts were inadequate on diabetes-induced microcytic hypochromic anaemia. In addition, the extracts have no effect on metabolic complications. Our experimental data showed that high doses of CIWE and PFWE alone have no detrimental effect on blood cells and TOS status of plasma. Hence, they are safe and suitable for different administration routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suat Çolak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Fatime Geyikoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Aslan
- Department of Biology, Kazim Karabekir Education Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Yıldız Deniz
- Department of Nursing, Gumuşhane University, Health Services Vocational School, Gumuşhane, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kinjo T, Ye J, Yan H, Hamasaki T, Nakanishi H, Toh K, Nakamichi N, Kabayama S, Teruya K, Shirahata S. Suppressive effects of electrochemically reduced water on matrix metalloproteinase-2 activities and in vitro invasion of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. Cytotechnology 2012; 64:357-71. [PMID: 22695858 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is directly associated with elevated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in several cell lines. Electrochemically reduced water (ERW), produced near the cathode during electrolysis, and scavenges intracellular H(2)O(2) in human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. RT-PCR and zymography analyses revealed that when HT1080 cells were treated with ERW, the gene expression of MMP-2 and membrane type 1 MMP and activation of MMP-2 was repressed, resulting in decreased invasion of the cells into matrigel. ERW also inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced MMP-2 upregulation. To investigate signal transduction involved in MMP-2 downregulation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-specific inhibitors, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), PD98059 (MAPK/extracellular regulated kinase kinase 1 inhibitor) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase inhibitor II, were used to block the MAPK signal cascade. MMP-2 gene expression was only inhibited by SB203580 treatment, suggesting a pivotal role of p38 MAPK in regulation of MMP-2 gene expression. Western blot analysis showed that ERW downregulated the phosphorylation of p38 both in H(2)O(2)-treated and untreated HT1080 cells. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of ERW on tumor invasion is due to, at least in part, its antioxidative effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kinjo
- Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Li Y, Hamasaki T, Teruya K, Nakamichi N, Gadek Z, Kashiwagi T, Yan H, Kinjo T, Komatsu T, Ishii Y, Shirahata S. Suppressive effects of natural reduced waters on alloxan-induced apoptosis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cytotechnology 2011; 64:281-97. [PMID: 22143345 PMCID: PMC3386384 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-011-9414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-producing cells express limited activities of anti-oxidative enzymes. Therefore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in these cells play a crucial role in cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) development is closely linked to higher ROS levels in insulin-producing cells. Hita Tenryosui Water® (Hita T. W., Hita, Japan) and Nordenau water (Nord. W., Nordenau, Germany), referred to as natural reduced waters (NRWs), scavenge ROS in cultured cells, and therefore, might be a possibility as an alternative to conventional pharmacological agents against DM. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of NRWs in alloxan (ALX)-induced β-cell apoptosis as well as in ALX-induced diabetic mice. NRWs equally suppressed DNA fragmentation levels. Hita T. W. and Nord. W. ameliorated ALX-induced sub-G1 phase production from approximately 40% of control levels to 8.5 and 11.8%, respectively. NRWs restored serum insulin levels (p < 0.01) and reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.01) in ALX-induced mice. Hita T. W. restored tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05) activity but not tissue catalase activity. Hita T. W. did not elevate SOD or catalase activity in HIT-T15 cells. Nord. W. restored SOD (p < 0.05) and catalase (p < 0.05) activity in both cultured cells and pancreatic tissue to normal levels. Even though variable efficacies were observed between Hita T. W. and Nord. W., both waters suppressed ALX-induced DM development in CD-1 male mice by administering NRWs for 8 weeks. Our results suggest that Hita T. W. and Nord. W. protect against ALX-induced β-cell apoptosis, and prevent the development of ALX-induced DM in experimental animals by regulating ALX-derived ROS generation and elevating anti-oxidative enzymes. Therefore, the two NRWs tested here are promising candidates for the prevention of DM development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Li
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shirahata S, Hamasaki T, Haramaki K, Nakamura T, Abe M, Yan H, Kinjo T, Nakamichi N, Kabayama S, Teruya K. Anti-diabetes effect of water containing hydrogen molecule and Pt nanoparticles. BMC Proc 2011; 5 Suppl 8:P18. [PMID: 22373056 PMCID: PMC3284969 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s8-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanetaka Shirahata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan ; Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takeki Hamasaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Keisuke Haramaki
- Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masumi Abe
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hanxu Yan
- Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kinjo
- Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Noboru Nakamichi
- Nihon Trim Co. Ltd., 1-8-34 Oyodonaka, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0076, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kabayama
- Nihon Trim Co. Ltd., 1-8-34 Oyodonaka, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0076, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Teruya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan ; Division of Life Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kato S, Saitoh Y, Iwai K, Miwa N. Hydrogen-rich electrolyzed warm water represses wrinkle formation against UVA ray together with type-I collagen production and oxidative-stress diminishment in fibroblasts and cell-injury prevention in keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 106:24-33. [PMID: 22070900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-rich electrolyzed warm water (HW) was prepared at 41°C and exhibited dissolved hydrogen (DH) of 1.13 ppm and an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of -741 mV in contrast to below 0.01 ppm and+184 mV for regular warm water (RW). Fibroblasts OUMS-36 and keratinocytes HaCaT were used to examine effects of HW against UVA-ray irradiation. Type-I collagen was synthesized 1.85- to 2.03-fold more abundantly by HW application for 3-5 days than RW in OUMS-36 fibroblasts, and localized preferentially around the nuclei as shown by immunostain. HW application significantly prevented cell death and DNA damages such as nuclear condensation and fragmentation in UVA-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes as estimated by WST-1 and Hoechst 33342 assays. HW significantly suppressed UVA-induced generation of intracellular superoxide anion radicals in both the cell lines according to NBT assay. Wrinkle repression was clinically assessed using a HW-bathing. Six Japanese subjects were enrolled in a trial of HW-bathing (DH, 0.2-0.4 ppm) every day for 3 months. HW-bathing significantly improved wrinkle in four subjects on the back of neck on 90th day as compared to 0 day. Thus, HW may serve as daily skin care to repress UVA-induced skin damages by ROS-scavenging and promotion of type-I collagen synthesis in dermis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kato
- Laboratory of Cell-Death Control BioTechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Nanatsuka 562, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Electrolyzed Reduced Water Supplemented with Platinum Nanoparticles Suppresses Promotion of Two-stage Cell Transformation. Cytotechnology 2011; 47:97-105. [PMID: 19003049 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-005-3759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2005] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the two-stage cell transformation theory, cancer cells first receive initiation, which is mainly caused by DNA damage, and then promotion, which enhances transformation. Murine Balb/c 3T3 cells are widely used for transformation experiments because they lose contact inhibition ability when transformed. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW), which is produced near a cathode during electrolysis of water, is an alkaline drinking water that is beneficial to health. ERW contains a high concentration of dissolved hydrogen and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), along with a small amount of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (Pt nps) derived from Pt-coated titanium electrodes. Pt nps stably disperse in aqueous solution for a long time, and convert hydrogen molecules to active hydrogen (atomic hydrogen) that can scavenge ROS. Therefore, ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps is a model strong reduced water. This is the first report that ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps strongly prevents transformation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. ERW was prepared by electrolysis of 0.002 M NaOH solution using a batch-type electrolysis device. Balb/c 3T3 cells were treated with 3-methyl cholanthrene (MCA) as an initiation substance, followed by treatment with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) as a promotion substance. MCA/PMA-induced formation of a transformation focus was strongly suppressed by ERW supplemented with Pt nps but not by ERW or Pt nps individually. ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed transformation at the promoter stage, not at initiation, suggesting that ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed the PMA-induced augmentation of intracellular ROS. ERW supplemented with Pt nps is a potential new antioxidant against carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
35
|
Mechanism of the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by electrolyzed reduced water--participation of Pt nanoparticles. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:1295-9. [PMID: 21737933 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) contains a large amount of molecular hydrogen and a small amount of Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs). We have found that ERW significantly extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans in a novel culture medium designated Water Medium. In this study, we found that synthetic Pt NPs at ppb levels significantly extended the nematode lifespan and scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the nematode induced by paraquat treatment. In contrast, a high concentration of dissolved molecular hydrogen had no significant effect on the lifespan of the nematode. These findings suggest that the Pt NPs in ERW, rather than the molecular hydrogen, extend the longevity of the nematode, at least partly by scavenging ROS.
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen DL, Chen TW, Chien CT, Li PC. Intravenous low redox potential saline attenuates FeCl3-induced vascular dysfunction via downregulation of endothelial H2O2, CX3CL1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and p53 expression. Transl Res 2011; 157:306-19. [PMID: 21497778 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Exaggerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to vascular injury by the enhancement of CX3CL1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and pro-apoptotic p53 expression. Reduced water with safely antioxidant activity may protect vascular tissue against oxidative injury. We established reduced water (RW) by using a modified magnesium alloy and evaluated the effects of an RW-made culture medium on TNF-α-induced endothelial damage in vitro and intravenous RW-made saline (0.9%NaCl) infusion on FeCl(3)-induced arterial injury in rats in vivo. Several oxidative stresses were evaluated by using a chemiluminescence analyzer, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. We found that the established RW, RW-culture medium, and RW saline displayed a lower redox potential (<-150 mV) and efficient H(2)O(2) scavenging activity compared with distilled-water-made solutions. The RW-culture medium significantly depressed TNF-α-enhanced endothelial H(2)O(2) production; improved CX3CL1, ICAM-1, and p53 expression; and inhibited activated monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells as well as to the CX3CL1 or the ICAM-1 coated plate when compared with the distilled-water-culture medium. In the in vivo study, the time required for FeCl(3)-induced occlusion in the urethane anesthetized rat's carotid and femoral arteries was significantly extended by intravenous RW saline infusion compared with distilled-water saline. FeCl(3) stimulation significantly enhanced vascular NADPH oxidase activity, ROS production, as well as CX3CL1, ICAM-1, p53, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 4-hydroxynonenal expression in the damaged arteries. Intravenous RW saline significantly reduced all the FeCl(3)-enhanced oxidative parameters when compared with intravenous distilled-water-saline infusion. We conclude that the RW-culture medium and saline made from magnesium alloy confer cardiovascular protection by the antioxidant capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Lung Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Chung-Hsiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Y, Hamasaki T, Nakamichi N, Kashiwagi T, Komatsu T, Ye J, Teruya K, Abe M, Yan H, Kinjo T, Kabayama S, Kawamura M, Shirahata S. Suppressive effects of electrolyzed reduced water on alloxan-induced apoptosis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cytotechnology 2011; 63:119-31. [PMID: 21063772 PMCID: PMC3080478 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-010-9317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrolyzed reduced water, which is capable of scavenging reactive oxygen species, is attracting recent attention because it has shown improved efficacy against several types of diseases including diabetes mellitus. Alloxan produces reactive oxygen species and causes type 1 diabetes mellitus in experimental animals by irreversible oxidative damage to insulin-producing β-cells. Here, we showed that electrolyzed reduced water prevented alloxan-induced DNA fragmentation and the production of cells in sub-G1 phase in HIT-T15 pancreatic β-cells. Blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetes model mice were also significantly suppressed by feeding the mice with electrolyzed reduced water. These results suggest that electrolyzed reduced water can prevent apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells and the development of symptoms in type 1 diabetes model mice by alleviating the alloxan-derived generation of reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupin Li
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Takeki Hamasaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Noboru Nakamichi
- Nihon Trim Co Ltd, 1-8-34 Oyodonaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, 531-0076 Japan
| | - Taichi Kashiwagi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Takaaki Komatsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kiichiro Teruya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Masumi Abe
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Hanxu Yan
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Tomoya Kinjo
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Shigeru Kabayama
- Nihon Trim Co Ltd, 1-8-34 Oyodonaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, 531-0076 Japan
| | - Munenori Kawamura
- Kyowa Hospital, 191-1 Sakae, Osibetanimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, 851-2211 Japan
| | - Sanetaka Shirahata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Goncharuk VV, Bagrii VA, Chebotareva RD, Bashtan SY. Impact of gases present in air on oxidation-reduction properties of drinking water. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x10060019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
Goncharuk VV, Bagrii VA, Mel’nik LA, Chebotareva RD, Bashtan SY. The use of redox potential in water treatment processes. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2010. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
40
|
Huang KC, Hsu SP, Yang CC, Ou-Yang P, Lee KT, Morisawa S, Otsubo K, Chien CT. Electrolysed-reduced water dialysate improves T-cell damage in end-stage renal disease patients with chronic haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 25:2730-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
Ramkumar KM, Ponmanickam P, Velayuthaprabhu S, Archunan G, Rajaguru P. Protective effect of Gymnema montanum against renal damage in experimental diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:2516-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 07/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
42
|
Tsai CF, Hsu YW, Chen WK, Chang WH, Yen CC, Ho YC, Lu FJ. Hepatoprotective effect of electrolyzed reduced water against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:2031-6. [PMID: 19477216 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the protective effect of electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver damage. Male ICR mice were randomly divided into control, CCl(4), CCl(4)+silymarin, and CCl(4)+ERW groups. CCl(4)-induced liver lesions include leukocytes infiltration, hepatocyte necrosis, ballooning degeneration, mitosis, calcification, fibrosis and an increase of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aminotransferase (AST) activity. In addition, CCl(4) also significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). By contrast, ERW or silymarin supplement significantly ameliorated the CCl(4)-induced liver lesions, lowered the serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (ALT and AST) and increased the activities of SOD, catalase, and GSH-Px in liver. Therefore, the results of this study show that ERW can be proposed to protect the liver against CCl(4)-induced oxidative damage in mice, and the hepatoprotective effect might be correlated with its antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ye J, Li Y, Hamasaki T, Nakamichi N, Komatsu T, Kashiwagi T, Teruya K, Nishikawa R, Kawahara T, Osada K, Toh K, Abe M, Tian H, Kabayama S, Otsubo K, Morisawa S, Katakura Y, Shirahata S. Inhibitory effect of electrolyzed reduced water on tumor angiogenesis. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:19-26. [PMID: 18175936 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of tumor angiogenesis. Tumor cells are exposed to higher oxidative stress compared to normal cells. Numerous reports have demonstrated that the intracellular redox (oxidation/reduction) state is closely associated with the pattern of VEGF expression. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) produced near the cathode during the electrolysis of water scavenged intracellular H(2)O(2) and decreased the release of H(2)O(2) from a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, A549, and down-regulated both VEGF transcription and protein secretion in a time-dependent manner. To investigate the signal transduction pathway involved in regulating VEGF expression, mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) specific inhibitors, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) and JNKi (c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase inhibitor) were applied. The results showed that only PD98059 blocks VEGF expression, suggesting an important role for ERK1/2 in regulating VEGF expression in A549 cells. As well, ERW inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a time-dependent manner. Co-culture experiments to analyze in vitro tubule formation assay revealed that A549 cell-derived conditioned medium significantly stimulated the formation of vascular tubules in all analyzed parameters; tubule total area, tubule junction, number of tubules, and total tubule length. ERW counteracted the effect of A549 cell-conditioned medium and decreased total tube length (p<0.01). The present study demonstrated that ERW down-regulated VEGF gene transcription and protein secretion through inactivation of ERK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nakayama M, Kabayama S, Terawaki H, Nakayama K, Kato K, Sato T, Ito S. Less-oxidative hemodialysis solution rendered by cathode-side application of electrolyzed water. Hemodial Int 2007; 11:322-7. [PMID: 17576297 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2007.00187.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrolyzed water (EW) generated on the cathode side reportedly displays anti-oxidative properties, and application of EW to hemodialysis (HD) systems supposedly suppresses oxidative markers in patients on HD. However, most of the chemical properties and biological effects of such solutions remain unclear. This study aimed to examine those issues to clarify the scientific background for the clinical use of EW solution. Reverse osmosis water comprising EW from the cathode side (e-RO) was prepared and used to process a test HD solution (e-HD). Chemical and biological properties of these solutions were compared with controls. Redox properties were examined by chemiluminescence (CL) of the luminol-H(2)O(2) system. Biological effects of e-RO on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were tested with respect to the cellular protection against methylglyoxal, and with respect to the preservation of cellular function as to radical generation. Control HD solution presented the highest CL, followed by e-HD, control RO, suggesting a lower oxidative capacity for EW-based solutions. Increased levels of dissolved hydrogen were characteristic of e-RO and e-HD. Application of e-RO tended to be associated with less injury of PMNs by methylglyoxal, and with significantly higher levels of radical generation compared with the control. Compared with control HD, e-RO-based HD solution displays less-oxidative capacity in chemical terms, and may at least partly facilitate preservation of PMN viability. These results appear to offer a scientific basis for supporting the clinical challenge of applying this technology to HD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Nakayama
- Research Division of Dialysis and Chronic Kidney Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang KC, Yang CC, Hsu SP, Lee KT, Liu HW, Morisawa S, Otsubo K, Chien CT. Electrolyzed-reduced water reduced hemodialysis-induced erythrocyte impairment in end-stage renal disease patients. Kidney Int 2006; 70:391-8. [PMID: 16760903 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients increase erythrocyte susceptibility to hemolysis and impair cell survival. We explored whether electrolyte-reduced water (ERW) could palliate HD-evoked erythrocyte impairment and anemia. Forty-three patients undergoing chronic HD were enrolled and received ERW administration for 6 month. We evaluated oxidative stress in blood and plasma, erythrocyte methemoglobin (metHb)/ferricyanide reductase activity, plasma metHb, and proinflammatory cytokines in the chronic HD patients without treatment (n=15) or with vitamin C (VC)- (n=15), vitamin E (VE)-coated dialyzer (n=15), or ERW treatment (n=15) during an HD course. The patients showed marked increases (15-fold) in blood reactive oxygen species, mostly H(2)O(2), after HD without any treatment. HD resulted in decreased plasma VC, total antioxidant status, and erythrocyte metHb/ferricyanide reductase activity and increased erythrocyte levels of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and plasma metHb. Antioxidants treatment significantly palliated single HD course-induced oxidative stress, plasma and RBC PCOOH, and plasma metHb levels, and preserved erythrocyte metHb /ferricyanide reductase activity in an order VC>ERW>VE-coated dialyzer. However, ERW had no side effects of oxalate accumulation easily induced by VC. Six-month ERW treatment increased hematocrit and attenuated proinflammatory cytokines profile in the HD patients. In conclusion, ERW treatment administration is effective in palliating HD-evoked oxidative stress, as indicated by lipid peroxidation, hemolysis, and overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines in HD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K-C Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|