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de Pinho LG, Silva C, Fonseca C, Morgado B, Lopes M, Moritz S, Jelinek L, Schneider BC. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of metacognitive training for older adults with depression (MCT-Silver) in Portugal: study protocol. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1167860. [PMID: 38022953 PMCID: PMC10644621 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1167860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders in later life. Although psychological interventions are recommended by treatment guidelines, most older adults with depression remain untreated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Portuguese version of Metacognitive Training for Depression in later life (MCT-Silver). Methods This is a study protocol of an observer-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of MCT-Silver with a treatment as usual (TAU) control group among older adults (age 65 years and older) with depressive symptoms according to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale. Participants will be tested at three assessment time points (baseline, immediately following the intervention [8 weeks], and 3 months after the intervention). The primary outcome is change in self-rated depression symptoms assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Secondary outcomes include clinician-rated depression, self-esteem, dysfunctional beliefs, metacognitive beliefs, ruminations, attitudes toward aging and quality of life. A self-designed subjective appraisal rating scale consisting of 21-items will be used to assess participant acceptance of MCT-Silver. Discussion MCT-Silver is an innovative intervention, which aims to reduce dysfunctional thoughts as well as depression-related behaviors and coping strategies through the metacognitive perspective. Until now, the training has only been tested in Germany. It is expected that after 8 weeks of treatment and 3 months later, the experimental group will demonstrate significant reductions in depressive symptoms, metacognitive beliefs, dysfunctional attitudes and ruminative responses compared to the TAU group. Moreover, quality of life, self-esteem, and attitudes towards aging will be significantly improved in MCT-Silver compared to the TAU group. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05640492.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Guedes de Pinho
- Department of Nursing, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Celso Silva
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
- Higher School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - César Fonseca
- Department of Nursing, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Bruno Morgado
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Manuel Lopes
- Department of Nursing, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Steffen Moritz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Jelinek
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Bruhns A, Baumeister A, Demeroutis G, Jahn H, Willenborg B, Shaffy A, Moritz S, Bücker L. A mobile-based aftercare intervention to increase self-esteem in inpatients diagnosed with depression: A randomized controlled trial. Psychother Res 2023:1-20. [PMID: 36628469 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2022.2157226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effectiveness, side effects and user satisfaction of the self-help smartphone app "MCT & More" among inpatients with a diagnosis of depression after their discharge from a psychiatric hospital over a period of 4 weeks. METHODS A total of 159 inpatients were recruited in four German psychiatric hospitals three days before hospital discharge (intervention group: n = 79; treatment as usual: n = 80). Based on the vulnerability model (low self-esteem contributes to depression), self-esteem represented the primary outcome, quality of life and depressive symptoms the secondary outcomes. RESULTS Intention-to-treat analyzes showed no statistical significance for the primary and secondary outcome parameters, except for the subscale self-competence in favor of the intervention group (with a small effect size of d = 0.35), in the context of an exploratory approach (post hoc). The more positive the attitude toward mobile-based interventions and the more positive the treatment expectations, the more frequently the app was used (r = .35, p = .008; r = .34, p = .009). CONCLUSION Further symptom reduction could not be obtained. However, the results suggest that an effect on improvement in self-competence could be achieved by low-threshold aftercare programs. Future studies should include long-term assessments to examine the impact of mobile-based aftercare on relapse.Trial registration: DRKS00022559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Bruhns
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Baumeister
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Holger Jahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,AMEOS Klinikum Heiligenhafen, Heiligenhafen, Germany
| | | | - Athif Shaffy
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Bücker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Schneider BC, Veckenstedt R, Karamatskos E, Pinho LG, Morgado B, Fonseca C, Moritz S, Jelinek L. Negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs, and rumination as mediators of metacognitive training for depression in older adults (MCT-Silver). Front Psychol 2023; 14:1153377. [PMID: 37034960 PMCID: PMC10074596 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metacognitive Training for Depression in older adults (MCT-Silver; www.uke.de/mct-silver) is a cognitive-behavioral based group intervention that aims at reducing depression by targeting (meta)cognitive beliefs and rumination. In the present study, it was examined whether negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs and/or rumination may be implicated as mediators of MCT-Silver's effects on depression. Materials and methods We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing MCT-Silver to an active control intervention (cognitive remediation) including 66 older adults (60 years and older) with complete baseline data. Clinician-rated (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and self-reported (Beck Depression Inventory-II) depression, negative cognitive beliefs (Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale-18B), positive metacognitive beliefs (positive beliefs subscale; Metacognition Questionnaire-30) and rumination (10-item Ruminative Response Scale) were assessed before (pre) and after 8 weeks of treatment (post), as well as 3 months later (follow-up). It was examined whether change in depression (pre- to follow-up) was mediated by change in negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs and/or rumination (pre- to post-assessment). Results Mediation results differed for self-reported vs. clinician-rated depression. The effect of MCT-Silver on reduction in clinician-rated depression was mediated by a reduction in self-reported rumination, whereas reduction in self-reported depression was mediated by a reduction in negative cognitive beliefs. Positive metacognitive beliefs were not a significant mediator for either outcome. Conclusion The current study provides initial evidence for the roles of negative cognitive beliefs and rumination in the treatment of depression in later life with MCT-Silver. Given the divergence of findings and lack of causal precedence, mechanisms of change for MCT-Silver cannot yet be equivocally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C. Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Brooke C. Schneider,
| | - Ruth Veckenstedt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Karamatskos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Guedes Pinho
- Nursing Department, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | | | - César Fonseca
- Nursing Department, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Özgüç S, Tanriverdi D. Effects of Metacognitive Training (D-MCT) on Metacognition and Ruminative Thought Levels of Major Depression Patients. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hauschildt M, Arlt S, Moritz S, Yassari AH, Jelinek L. Efficacy of metacognitive training for depression as add-on intervention for patients with depression in acute intensive psychiatric inpatient care: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1542-1555. [PMID: 35274407 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metacognitive training for depression (D-MCT) is a novel low-intensity group training for economic treatment of depression. Previous studies demonstrate its efficacy in moderately depressed outpatients. The present study evaluated efficacy and patients' perspective of the D-MCT in severely depressed psychiatric inpatients. METHODS In a randomized-controlled trial, 75 individuals with a major depressive disorder (MDD) were allocated to D-MCT versus euthymic therapy as add-on (twice a week) to cognitive-behavioural-based (CBT) inpatient-care. Depressive symptoms (HDRS, BDI), dysfunctional (meta)cognition (DAS, MCQ-30) and subjective appraisal were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks (post) and 3 months (follow-up). RESULTS Participants in both conditions showed a large decline in depression at post and follow-up-assessment. No superior add-effect of D-MCT versus active control emerged for depression severity on top of the inpatient care. However, among patients with a diagnosis of MDD with no (vs. at least one) comorbidity, D-MCT participants showed a larger decline in depressive (meta-)cognition at follow-up with medium-to-large effect sizes. D-MCT was evaluated as superior in overall appraisal, treatment preference, motivation and satisfaction. LIMITATIONS The follow-up time interval of 3 months may have been too short to detect long-term effects. There is emerging evidence that modification of (meta)cognition unfolds its full effects only with time. Effects of CBT inpatient-care on outcome parameters cannot be differentiated. CONCLUSIONS Although D-MCT as an add-on was not superior in complete case analyses, results suggest greater benefit for patients with MDD and no comorbidity. D-MCT proved feasible in acute-psychiatric inpatient-care and was highly accepted by patients. Future studies should investigate the role of modified (meta)cognition on long-term treatment outcome, including dropout and relapse rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Hauschildt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Arlt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amir H Yassari
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Effect of metacognitive training applied on depression and cognitive distortion levels of depression patients. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bruhns A, Lüdtke T, Moritz S, Bücker L. A Mobile-Based Intervention to Increase Self-esteem in Students With Depressive Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e26498. [PMID: 34255711 PMCID: PMC8314153 DOI: 10.2196/26498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depressive symptoms are one of the most common and ever-increasing mental health problems among students worldwide. Conventional treatment options, particularly psychotherapy, do not reach all students in need of help. Internet- and mobile-based interventions are promising alternatives for narrowing the treatment gap. Objective In the framework of a randomized controlled trial, we aim to investigate the effectiveness, acceptance, and side effects of a self-help smartphone app (MCT & More) based on cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and metacognitive training in a sample of students with self-reported depressive symptoms. Furthermore, we were interested in examining the influence of treatment expectations and attitudes toward internet- and mobile-based interventions on treatment adherence and effectiveness. Methods A total of 400 students were recruited via open access websites and randomized to either the intervention group (n=200), who received access to the self-help smartphone app MCT & More for a period of 4 weeks, or to a wait-list control group (n=200). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression) served as the primary outcome parameter, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (self-esteem) and the global item of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-abbreviated version (quality of life) served as the secondary outcome parameters. The Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions was used to measure attitudes toward internet- and mobile-based interventions. Outcome expectations were assessed using the Patient Questionnaire on Therapy Expectation and Evaluation, and side effects were assessed using the Inventory for Assessing Negative Effects of Psychotherapy. Results Per-protocol (PP), complete-case, and intention-to-treat analyses showed a significantly higher reduction in depressive symptoms (PP: F1,222=3.98; P=.047; d=0.26) and a significantly higher increase in self-esteem (PP: F1,220=8.79; P=.003; d=0.40) in the intervention group than in the wait-list control group. Most participants regularly used the self-help smartphone app (91/120, 75.8%, at least once a week). The more positive the attitude toward internet- and mobile-based interventions (r=0.260; P=.004) and the more positive the outcome expectation (r=0.236; P=.009), the more frequently the self-help smartphone app was used. Conclusions The effectiveness of the self-help smartphone app MCT & More was demonstrated among students with depressive symptoms compared with a wait-list control group. The app could be offered regularly as a low-threshold intervention to enhance students’ health. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00020941; https://tinyurl.com/pr84w6er
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Bruhns
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thies Lüdtke
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Bücker
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
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Jelinek L, Faissner M, Moritz S, Kriston L. Long-term efficacy of Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT): A randomized controlled trial. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 58:245-259. [PMID: 30556583 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The availability of treatment for depression needs to be improved. Among the barriers are the dearth of group programmes and the high demand of many programmes with regard to staff expertise. The Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT) is a new, easy-to-administer, cognitive behaviour-based group intervention. In a previous 6-month trial, D-MCT was highly accepted by patients and efficacious compared to a control treatment. The aim of the current study was to examine whether the effects of the D-MCT can be sustained over 3.5 years. DESIGN Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. METHODS A total of 84 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder were enrolled in a randomized, controlled, assessor-blind, parallel group trial comparing two interventions added to usual care: D-MCT and general health training (HT). Patients were reassessed 3.5 years after the interventions were terminated. Primary outcome was the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Self-assessed depressive symptom severity (BDI), dysfunctional cognitive (DAS) and metacognitive (MCQ) beliefs, self-esteem (RSE), and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) served as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Primary intention-to-treat analyses using analysis of covariance showed negative results, and only secondary post-hoc analyses utilizing latent growth modelling demonstrated superiority of D-MCT over HT with regard to the long-term course of depressive symptom severity and cognitive and metacognitive outcomes as well as physical and psychological quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that D-MCT may be a promising add-on treatment for unipolar depression that should be investigated in large multi-centre studies. Independent replications are needed. PRACTITIONER POINTS Clinical implications: The current study shows tentative evidence that positive effects of the D-MCT reported at the 6-month follow-up assessment were sustained over 3.5 years. Potential positive effects regard severity of depression, dysfunctional cognitive, and metacognitive beliefs as well as quality of life. If positive results are replicated with less trained therapists, D-MCT offers the possibility of providing a simple and easy-to-administer CBT-based group treatment for depression with long lasting effects. LIMITATIONS Sample size was small; a large-scale multi-centre trial would be desirable to gain high statistical power with an adequate sample size and to allow the investigation of possible allegiance effects. D-MCT was delivered as an add-on intervention and not as a stand-alone intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Mirjam Faissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Levente Kriston
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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C. Schneider B, Bücker L, Riker S, Karamatskos E, Jelinek L. A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training (D-MCT) for Older Adults with Depression. ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1024/1016-264x/a000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Depression remains one of the most common psychological disorders among older adults. Their response to antidepressants: however, is often unsatisfactory, and despite the proven efficacy of psychotherapies, a large treatment gap remains. Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT) is a low-threshold group intervention. This article examines the feasibility, acceptance, and effects of D-MCT as an add-on intervention among a group of older adults (55+ years; N = 116). Participants completed measures of depression and dysfunctional attitudes, and provided subjective appraisals of the training. Per protocol analyses (n = 55) revealed a significant decrease in depressive symptoms (d = 1.06) and cognitive biases (d = 0.33). The findings demonstrate the feasibility and acceptance of D-MCT among older adults with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C. Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Bücker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Riker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Karamatskos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Haffner P, Quinlivan E, Fiebig J, Sondergeld LM, Strasser ES, Adli M, Moritz S, Stamm TJ. Improving functional outcome in bipolar disorder: A pilot study on metacognitive training. Clin Psychol Psychother 2017; 25:50-58. [PMID: 28857347 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective group psychological interventions in bipolar disorder are rare. In this study, we present "metacognitive training (MCT) for bipolar disorder"-an adaption of a group intervention that has proven effective in other severe psychiatric disorders. MCT is a structured, interactive approach that addresses cognitive biases, social cognition, and self-esteem. In this pilot study, we investigated psychosocial functioning as primary outcome measure, as well as the feasibility of MCT and its acceptance among bipolar patients. METHODS Thirty-four outpatients with bipolar disorder were recruited. Inclusion criteria were euthymia and psychosocial functioning with a score >11 assessed by the Functional Assessment Short Test. The subjects received eight weekly MCT sessions. Before and after the intervention, psychosocial functioning, quality of life (QoL), and patient views were assessed. RESULTS Patients improved significantly in global psychosocial functioning, with a large effect size from baseline to post-treatment. Over the intervention period, patient QoL improved significantly in terms of their physical health, however not for other QoL subdomains. Treatment adherence was 80%, and patients' appraisal of the training was positive. LIMITATIONS As this study lacks a control group, it is not possible to ascertain whether the positive treatment effects are attributable to MCT. Additionally, it is unclear whether gains in psychosocial functioning would have been maintained long term. CONCLUSIONS This pilot trial conclusively shows that MCT is feasible and provides preliminary evidence for both the acceptance and efficacy of MCT. Further studies with larger samples and control condition will be necessary to build on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Haffner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Esther Quinlivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Fiebig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lene-Marie Sondergeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Sophie Strasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mazda Adli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Fliedner Klinik, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Josef Stamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
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Jelinek L, Hauschildt M, Wittekind CE, Schneider BC, Kriston L, Moritz S. Efficacy of Metacognitive Training for Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2017; 85:231-4. [PMID: 27230865 DOI: 10.1159/000443699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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