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Heutte B, Bergner N, Beck I, Angot H, Dada L, Quéléver LLJ, Laurila T, Boyer M, Brasseur Z, Daellenbach KR, Henning S, Kuang C, Kulmala M, Lampilahti J, Lampimäki M, Petäjä T, Shupe MD, Sipilä M, Uin J, Jokinen T, Schmale J. Measurements of aerosol microphysical and chemical properties in the central Arctic atmosphere during MOSAiC. Sci Data 2023; 10:690. [PMID: 37821470 PMCID: PMC10567811 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arctic environment is transforming rapidly due to climate change. Aerosols' abundance and physicochemical characteristics play a crucial, yet uncertain, role in these changes due to their influence on the surface energy budget through direct interaction with solar radiation and indirectly via cloud formation. Importantly, Arctic aerosol properties are also changing in response to climate change. Despite their importance, year-round measurements of their characteristics are sparse in the Arctic and often confined to lower latitudes at Arctic land-based stations and/or short high-latitude summertime campaigns. Here, we present unique aerosol microphysics and chemical composition datasets collected during the year-long Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, in the central Arctic. These datasets, which include aerosol particle number concentrations, size distributions, cloud condensation nuclei concentrations, fluorescent aerosol concentrations and properties, and aerosol bulk chemical composition (black carbon, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, and organics) will serve to improve our understanding of high-Arctic aerosol processes, with relevance towards improved modelling of the future Arctic (and global) climate.
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Grants
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- AWI_PS122_00 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Alfred-Wegener- Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
- 1010003826 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- 101003826 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- 101003826 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- 101003826 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- DE-SC0022046 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0022046 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0022046 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0019251 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0019251 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0019251 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- DE-SC0022046 DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy)
- 200021_188478 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation)
- 200021_188478 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation)
- 200021_188478 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337552 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 333397 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- 337549 Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- Swiss Polar Institute (grant no. DIRCR-2018-004) Ferring Pharmaceuticals (sponsor)
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Heutte
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Nora Bergner
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Beck
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Angot
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Grenoble INP, IGE, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Lubna Dada
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Lauriane L J Quéléver
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiia Laurila
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew Boyer
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoé Brasseur
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaspar R Daellenbach
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Henning
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoserstrasse 15, 04138, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chongai Kuang
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Lampilahti
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Lampimäki
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew D Shupe
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Mikko Sipilä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janek Uin
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Tuija Jokinen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, INAR/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, P.O. Box 27456, Nicosia, 1645, Cyprus
| | - Julia Schmale
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland.
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Karlsson L, Baccarini A, Duplessis P, Baumgardner D, Brooks IM, Chang RY, Dada L, Dällenbach KR, Heikkinen L, Krejci R, Leaitch WR, Leck C, Partridge DG, Salter ME, Wernli H, Wheeler MJ, Schmale J, Zieger P. Physical and Chemical Properties of Cloud Droplet Residuals and Aerosol Particles During the Arctic Ocean 2018 Expedition. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2022; 127:e2021JD036383. [PMID: 35859907 PMCID: PMC9285477 DOI: 10.1029/2021jd036383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Detailed knowledge of the physical and chemical properties and sources of particles that form clouds is especially important in pristine areas like the Arctic, where particle concentrations are often low and observations are sparse. Here, we present in situ cloud and aerosol measurements from the central Arctic Ocean in August-September 2018 combined with air parcel source analysis. We provide direct experimental evidence that Aitken mode particles (particles with diameters ≲70 nm) significantly contribute to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or cloud droplet residuals, especially after the freeze-up of the sea ice in the transition toward fall. These Aitken mode particles were associated with air that spent more time over the pack ice, while size distributions dominated by accumulation mode particles (particles with diameters ≳70 nm) showed a stronger contribution of oceanic air and slightly different source regions. This was accompanied by changes in the average chemical composition of the accumulation mode aerosol with an increased relative contribution of organic material toward fall. Addition of aerosol mass due to aqueous-phase chemistry during in-cloud processing was probably small over the pack ice given the fact that we observed very similar particle size distributions in both the whole-air and cloud droplet residual data. These aerosol-cloud interaction observations provide valuable insight into the origin and physical and chemical properties of CCN over the pristine central Arctic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Karlsson
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Andrea Baccarini
- Extreme Environments Research LaboratoryÉcole Polytechnique fédérale de LausanneSionSwitzerland
- Laboratory of Atmospheric ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteVilligenSwitzerland
| | - Patrick Duplessis
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric ScienceDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
| | | | - Ian M. Brooks
- Institute for Climate and Atmospheric ScienceSchool of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Rachel Y.‐W. Chang
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric ScienceDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
| | - Lubna Dada
- Extreme Environments Research LaboratoryÉcole Polytechnique fédérale de LausanneSionSwitzerland
- Laboratory of Atmospheric ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteVilligenSwitzerland
| | | | - Liine Heikkinen
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Radovan Krejci
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - W. Richard Leaitch
- Climate Research DivisionEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoONCanada
| | - Caroline Leck
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Department of MeteorologyStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Daniel G. Partridge
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Matthew E. Salter
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Heini Wernli
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZürichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Michael J. Wheeler
- Air Quality Research DivisionEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoONCanada
| | - Julia Schmale
- Extreme Environments Research LaboratoryÉcole Polytechnique fédérale de LausanneSionSwitzerland
| | - Paul Zieger
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
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3
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Siegel K, Karlsson L, Zieger P, Baccarini A, Schmale J, Lawler M, Salter M, Leck C, Ekman AML, Riipinen I, Mohr C. Insights into the molecular composition of semi-volatile aerosols in the summertime central Arctic Ocean using FIGAERO-CIMS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2021; 1:161-175. [PMID: 34278305 PMCID: PMC8262249 DOI: 10.1039/d0ea00023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The remote central Arctic during summertime has a pristine atmosphere with very low aerosol particle concentrations. As the region becomes increasingly ice-free during summer, enhanced ocean-atmosphere fluxes of aerosol particles and precursor gases may therefore have impacts on the climate. However, large knowledge gaps remain regarding the sources and physicochemical properties of aerosols in this region. Here, we present insights into the molecular composition of semi-volatile aerosol components collected in September 2018 during the MOCCHA (Microbiology-Ocean-Cloud-Coupling in the High Arctic) campaign as part of the Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition with the Swedish Icebreaker Oden. Analysis was performed offline in the laboratory using an iodide High Resolution Time-of-Flight Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer with a Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO-HRToF-CIMS). Our analysis revealed significant signal from organic and sulfur-containing compounds, indicative of marine aerosol sources, with a wide range of carbon numbers and O : C ratios. Several of the sulfur-containing compounds are oxidation products of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a gas released by phytoplankton and ice algae. Comparison of the time series of particulate and gas-phase DMS oxidation products did not reveal a significant correlation, indicative of the different lifetimes of precursor and oxidation products in the different phases. This is the first time the FIGAERO-HRToF-CIMS was used to investigate the composition of aerosols in the central Arctic. The detailed information on the molecular composition of Arctic aerosols presented here can be used for the assessment of aerosol solubility and volatility, which is relevant for understanding aerosol-cloud interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Siegel
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Linn Karlsson
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Paul Zieger
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Andrea Baccarini
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen PSI Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Julia Schmale
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen PSI Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Michael Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine USA
| | - Matthew Salter
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Caroline Leck
- Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Annica M L Ekman
- Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ilona Riipinen
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Claudia Mohr
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
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4
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On the Increasing Importance of Air-Sea Exchanges in a Thawing Arctic: A Review. ATMOSPHERE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos9020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Orellana MV, Matrai PA, Leck C, Rauschenberg CD, Lee AM, Coz E. Marine microgels as a source of cloud condensation nuclei in the high Arctic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:13612-7. [PMID: 21825118 PMCID: PMC3158224 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1102457108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine microgels play an important role in regulating ocean basin-scale biogeochemical dynamics. In this paper, we demonstrate that, in the high Arctic, marine gels with unique physicochemical characteristics originate in the organic material produced by ice algae and/or phytoplankton in the surface water. The polymers in this dissolved organic pool assembled faster and with higher microgel yields than at other latitudes. The reversible phase transitions shown by these Arctic marine gels, as a function of pH, dimethylsulfide, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate concentrations, stimulate the gels to attain sizes below 1 μm in diameter. These marine gels were identified with an antibody probe specific toward material from the surface waters, sized, and quantified in airborne aerosol, fog, and cloud water, strongly suggesting that they dominate the available cloud condensation nuclei number population in the high Arctic (north of 80°N) during the summer season. Knowledge about emergent properties of marine gels provides important new insights into the processes controlling cloud formation and radiative forcing, and links the biology at the ocean surface with cloud properties and climate over the central Arctic Ocean and, probably, all oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Leck
- Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | | | | | - Esther Coz
- Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and
- CIEMAT, Department of Environment, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Karl M, Gross A, Leck C, Pirjola L. Intercomparison of dimethylsulfide oxidation mechanisms for the marine boundary layer: Gaseous and particulate sulfur constituents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Khvorostyanov VI, Curry JA. Refinements to the Köhler's theory of aerosol equilibrium radii, size spectra, and droplet activation: Effects of humidity and insoluble fraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Iziomon MG, Lohmann U, Quinn PK. Summertime pollution events in the Arctic and potential implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Leck C, Tjernström M, Matrai P, Swietlicki E, Bigg K. Can marine micro-organisms influence melting of the Arctic pack ice? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004eo030001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Leck C. Chemical composition and sources of the high Arctic aerosol relevant for cloud formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ricard V. Size distributions and modal parameters of aerosol constituents in northern Finland during the European Arctic Aerosol Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Nilsson ED, Rannik Ü, Håkansson M. Surface energy budget over the central Arctic Ocean during late summer and early freeze-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Zhou J, Swietlicki E, Berg OH, Aalto PP, Hämeri K, Nilsson ED, Leck C. Hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles over the central Arctic Ocean during summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Bigg EK, Leck C, Nilsson ED. Sudden changes in aerosol and gas concentrations in the central Arctic marine boundary layer: Causes and consequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Nilsson ED, Rannik Ü. Turbulent aerosol fluxes over the Arctic Ocean: 1. Dry deposition over sea and pack ice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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17
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Kerminen VM, Leck C. Sulfur chemistry over the central Arctic Ocean during the summer: Gas-to-particle transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Nilsson ED, Barr S. Effects of synoptic patterns on atmospheric chemistry and aerosols during the Arctic Ocean Expedition 1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Nilsson ED, Rannik Ü, Swietlicki E, Leck C, Aalto PP, Zhou J, Norman M. Turbulent aerosol fluxes over the Arctic Ocean: 2. Wind-driven sources from the sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Hillamo R, Kerminen VM, Aurela M, Mäkelä T, Maenhaut W, Leek C. Modal structure of chemical mass size distribution in the high Arctic aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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