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Slade JH, Ault AP, Bui AT, Ditto JC, Lei Z, Bondy AL, Olson NE, Cook RD, Desrochers SJ, Harvey RM, Erickson MH, Wallace HW, Alvarez SL, Flynn JH, Boor BE, Petrucci GA, Gentner DR, Griffin RJ, Shepson PB. Bouncier Particles at Night: Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol Chemistry and Sulfate Drive Diel Variations in the Aerosol Phase in a Mixed Forest. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4977-4987. [PMID: 31002496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b07319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol phase state is critical for quantifying aerosol effects on climate and air quality. However, significant challenges remain in our ability to predict and quantify phase state during its evolution in the atmosphere. Herein, we demonstrate that aerosol phase (liquid, semisolid, solid) exhibits a diel cycle in a mixed forest environment, oscillating between a viscous, semisolid phase state at night and liquid phase state with phase separation during the day. The viscous nighttime particles existed despite higher relative humidity and were independently confirmed by bounce factor measurements and atomic force microscopy. High-resolution mass spectrometry shows the more viscous phase state at night is impacted by the formation of terpene-derived and higher molecular weight secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and smaller inorganic sulfate mass fractions. Larger daytime particulate sulfate mass fractions, as well as a predominance of lower molecular weight isoprene-derived SOA, lead to the liquid state of the daytime particles and phase separation after greater uptake of liquid water, despite the lower daytime relative humidity. The observed diel cycle of aerosol phase should provoke rethinking of the SOA atmospheric lifecycle, as it suggests diurnal variability in gas-particle partitioning and mixing time scales, which influence aerosol multiphase chemistry, lifetime, and climate impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Slade
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Alexander T Bui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jenna C Ditto
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Ziying Lei
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Amy L Bondy
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Nicole E Olson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Ryan D Cook
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Sarah J Desrochers
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Rebecca M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Matthew H Erickson
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Henry W Wallace
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Sergio L Alvarez
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - James H Flynn
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Brandon E Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Giuseppe A Petrucci
- Department of Chemistry , University of Vermont , Burlington , Vermont 05405 , United States
| | - Drew R Gentner
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Paul B Shepson
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Purdue Climate Change Research Center , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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An omnipresent diversity and variability in the chemical composition of atmospheric functionalized organic aerosol. Commun Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-018-0074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Millet DB, Alwe HD, Chen X, Deventer MJ, Griffis TJ, Holzinger R, Bertman SB, Rickly PS, Stevens PS, Léonardis T, Locoge N, Dusanter S, Tyndall GS, Alvarez SL, Erickson MH, Flynn JH. Bidirectional Ecosystem-Atmosphere Fluxes of Volatile Organic Compounds Across the Mass Spectrum: How Many Matter? ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2018; 2:764-777. [PMID: 33615099 PMCID: PMC7894362 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial ecosystems are simultaneously the largest source and a major sink of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the global atmosphere, and these two-way fluxes are an important source of uncertainty in current models. Here, we apply high-resolution mass spectrometry (proton transfer reaction-quadrupole interface time-of-flight; PTR-QiTOF) to measure ecosystem-atmosphere VOC fluxes across the entire detected mass range (m/z 0-335) over a mixed temperate forest and use the results to test how well a state-of-science chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) is able to represent the observed reactive carbon exchange. We show that ambient humidity fluctuations can give rise to spurious VOC fluxes with PTR-based techniques and present a method to screen for such effects. After doing so, 377 of the 636 detected ions exhibited detectable gross fluxes during the study, implying a large number of species with active ecosystem-atmosphere exchange. We introduce the reactivity flux as a measure of how Earth-atmosphere fluxes influence ambient OH reactivity and show that the upward total VOC (∑VOC) carbon and reactivity fluxes are carried by a far smaller number of species than the downward fluxes. The model underpredicts the ∑VOC carbon and reactivity fluxes by 40-60% on average. However, the observed net fluxes are dominated (90% on a carbon basis, 95% on a reactivity basis) by known VOCs explicitly included in the CTM. As a result, the largest CTM uncertainties in simulating VOC carbon and reactivity exchange for this environment are associated with known rather than unrepresented species. This conclusion pertains to the set of species detectable by PTR-TOF techniques, which likely represents the majority in terms of carbon mass and OH reactivity, but not necessarily in terms of aerosol formation potential. In the case of oxygenated VOCs, the model severely underpredicts the gross fluxes and the net exchange. Here, unrepresented VOCs play a larger role, accounting for ~30% of the carbon flux and ~50% of the reactivity flux. The resulting CTM biases, however, are still smaller than those that arise from uncertainties for known and represented compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan B. Millet
- University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | | | - Xin Chen
- University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | | | | | | | - Steven B. Bertman
- Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | | | | | - Thierry Léonardis
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Nadine Locoge
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Dusanter
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Geoffrey S. Tyndall
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | | | | | - James H. Flynn
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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Ghosh D, Sarkar U, De S. Analysis of ambient formaldehyde in the eastern region of India along Indo-Gangetic Plain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:18718-18730. [PMID: 26194240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ambient levels of formaldehyde (HCHO) were measured in the tropical urban mega city of Kolkata from July 2012 to April 2014, based on USEPA Compendium Method TO-11A using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH). The samples were analyzed by isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector at a wavelength of 360 nm. High values of HCHO were recorded at our site. The highest and average HCHO mixing ratio measured for the entire study period was 803 and 217 ppbv respectively. Seasonal wind regimes have been found to influence the seasonal pattern of HCHO mixing ratio at this site resulting in relatively higher mixing ratio of HCHO during the pre-monsoon periods as compared to the others. Apart from these, sampling-based measurements of CH4 and continuous measurements of ozone (O3) and CO were also performed with the objective to study the interrelationship of HCHO with these species. The results suggest the presence of highly complex chemistry among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debreka Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Ujjaini Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Shreyosi De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Mielke LH, Pratt KA, Shepson PB, McLuckey SA, Wisthaler A, Hansel A. Quantitative Determination of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere Using Proton-Transfer Reaction Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:7952-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1014244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Levi H. Mielke
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kerri A. Pratt
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul B. Shepson
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armin Hansel
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Institut für Ionenphysik and Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Edwards GD, Shepson PB, Grossenbacher JW, Wells JM, Patterson GE, Barket DJ, Pressley S, Karl T, Apel E. Development of an Automated Cylindrical Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer for the Determination of Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds. Anal Chem 2007; 79:5040-50. [PMID: 17542557 DOI: 10.1021/ac0703597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds released from the biosphere are known to have a large impact on atmospheric chemistry. Field instruments for the detection of these trace gases are often limited by the lack of instrument portability and the inability to distinguish compounds of interest from background or other interfering compounds. We have developed an automated sampling and preconcentration system, coupled to a lightweight, low-power cylindrical ion trap mass spectrometer. The instrument was evaluated by measuring isoprene concentrations during a field campaign at the University of Michigan Biological Station PROPHET lab. Isoprene was preconcentrated by sampling directly into a short capillary column precooled without the aid of cryogens. The capillary column was then rapidly heated by moving the column to a preheated region to obtain fast separation of isoprene from other components, followed by detection with a cylindrical ion trap. This combination yielded a detection limit of approximately 80 ppt (parts per trillion) for isoprene with a measurement frequency of one sample every 11 min. The data obtained by the automated sampling and preconcentration system during the PROPHET 2005 campaign were compared to those of other field instruments measuring isoprene at this site in an intercomparison exercise. The intercomparisons suggest the new inlet system, when coupled with this ion trap detector, provides a viable field instrument for the fast, precise, and quantitative determination of isoprene and other trace gases over a variety of atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin D Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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Hill KA, Shepson PB, Galbavy ES, Anastasio C, Kourtev PS, Konopka A, Stirm BH. Processing of atmospheric nitrogen by clouds above a forest environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ren X, Brune WH, Oliger A, Metcalf AR, Simpas JB, Shirley T, Schwab JJ, Bai C, Roychowdhury U, Li Y, Cai C, Demerjian KL, He Y, Zhou X, Gao H, Hou J. OH, HO2, and OH reactivity during the PMTACS-NY Whiteface Mountain 2002 campaign: Observations and model comparison. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Ren
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - William H. Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Angelique Oliger
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Andrew R. Metcalf
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - James B. Simpas
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Terry Shirley
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - James J. Schwab
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Chunhong Bai
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Utpal Roychowdhury
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Yongquan Li
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Chenxia Cai
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Kenneth L. Demerjian
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Yi He
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Xianliang Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Honglian Gao
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology; State University of New York; Albany New York USA
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Hill KA, Shepson PB, Galbavy ES, Anastasio C. Measurement of wet deposition of inorganic and organic nitrogen in a forest environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jg000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Hill
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Paul B. Shepson
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Edward S. Galbavy
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources; University of California, Davis; Davis California USA
| | - Cort Anastasio
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources; University of California, Davis; Davis California USA
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Pressley S. Long-term isoprene flux measurements above a northern hardwood forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Giacopelli P. Comparison of the measured and simulated isoprene nitrate distributions above a forest canopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Di Carlo P, Brune WH, Martinez M, Harder H, Lesher R, Ren X, Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Young V, Shepson PB, Riemer D, Apel E, Campbell C. Missing OH reactivity in a forest: evidence for unknown reactive biogenic VOCs. Science 2004; 304:722-5. [PMID: 15118159 DOI: 10.1126/science.1094392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Forest emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), such as isoprene and other terpenes, play a role in the production of tropospheric ozone and aerosols. In a northern Michigan forest, the direct measurement of total OH reactivity, which is the inverse of the OH lifetime, was significantly greater than expected. The difference between measured and expected OH reactivity, called the missing OH reactivity, increased with temperature, as did emission rates for terpenes and other BVOCs. These measurements are consistent with the hypothesis that unknown reactive BVOCs, perhaps terpenes, provide the missing OH reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Di Carlo
- Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Grossenbacher JW. A comparison of isoprene nitrate concentrations at two forest-impacted sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fast JD, Heilman WE. The Effect of Lake Temperatures and Emissions on Ozone Exposure in the Western Great Lakes Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<1197:teolta>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Schmid HP. Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide over a mixed hardwood forest in northern lower Michigan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Crawford J. Cloud impacts on UV spectral actinic flux observed during the International Photolysis Frequency Measurement and Model Intercomparison (IPMMI). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Volz-Thomas A. Introduction to Special Section: Photochemistry Experiment in BERLIOZ. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd002029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mihelcic D. Peroxy radicals during BERLIOZ at Pabstthum: Measurements, radical budgets and ozone production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mihele CM. Radical chemistry at a forested continental site: Results from the PROPHET 1997 campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sillman S, Carroll MA, Thornberry T, Lamb BK, Westberg H, Brune WH, Faloona I, Tan D, Shepson PB, Sumner AL, Hastie DR, Mihele CM, Apel EC, Riemer DD, Zika RG. Loss of isoprene and sources of nighttime OH radicals at a rural site in the United States: Results from photochemical models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanford Sillman
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Mary Anne Carroll
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Troy Thornberry
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Brian K. Lamb
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington USA
| | - Hal Westberg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington USA
| | - William H. Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Ian Faloona
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - David Tan
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Paul B. Shepson
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Ann Louise Sumner
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Donald R. Hastie
- Department of Chemistry; York University; North York, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Eric C. Apel
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Riemer
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Rod G. Zika
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
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Apel EC. Measurement and interpretation of isoprene fluxes and isoprene, methacrolein, and methyl vinyl ketone mixing ratios at the PROPHET site during the 1998 Intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Barket DJ, Hurst JM, Couch TL, Colorado A, Shepson PB, Riemer DD, Hills AJ, Apel EC, Hafer R, Lamb BK, Westberg HH, Farmer CT, Stabenau ER, Zika RG. Intercomparison of automated methodologies for determination of ambient isoprene during the PROPHET 1998 summer campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Keeler GJ, Sillman S, Bertman SB, Pippin MR, Ostling K, Grossenbacher JW, Shepson PB, Cooper OR, Moody JL, Stockwell WR. Observations of reactive oxidized nitrogen and speciation of NOyduring the PROPHET summer 1998 intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Faloona I, Tan D, Brune W, Hurst J, Barket D, Couch TL, Shepson P, Apel E, Riemer D, Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Sillman S, Keeler GJ, Sagady J, Hooper D, Paterson K. Nighttime observations of anomalously high levels of hydroxyl radicals above a deciduous forest canopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ostling K, Kelly B, Bird S, Bertman S, Pippin M, Thornberry T, Carroll MA. Fast-turnaround alkyl nitrate measurements during the PROPHET 1998 summer intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cooper OR, Moody JL, Thornberry TD, Town MS, Carroll MA. PROPHET 1998 meteorological overview and air-mass classification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Grossenbacher JW, Couch T, Shepson PB, Thornberry T, Witmer-Rich M, Carroll MA, Faloona I, Tan D, Brune W, Ostling K, Bertman S. Measurements of isoprene nitrates above a forest canopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hurst JM, Barket DJ, Herrera-Gomez O, Couch TL, Shepson PB, Faloona I, Tan D, Brune W, Westberg H, Lamb B, Biesenthal T, Young V, Goldstein A, Munger JW, Thornberry T, Carroll MA. Investigation of the nighttime decay of isoprene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sumner AL, Shepson PB, Couch TL, Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Sillman S, Pippin M, Bertman S, Tan D, Faloona I, Brune W, Young V, Cooper O, Moody J, Stockwell W. A study of formaldehyde chemistry above a forest canopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Tan D, Faloona I, Simpas JB, Brune W, Shepson PB, Couch TL, Sumner AL, Carroll MA, Thornberry T, Apel E, Riemer D, Stockwell W. HOxbudgets in a deciduous forest: Results from the PROPHET summer 1998 campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pippin M, Bertman S, Thornberry T, Town M, Carroll MA, Sillman S. Seasonal variations of PAN, PPN, and O3at the upper Midwest PROPHET site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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