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Rahman MH, Sharma VP, Kundu S, Datta A. Seasonal Variation of Potential Source Locations of Atmospheric Particulates over the Indo-Gangetic Plain of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2020.91001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Effects of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcings on the Summer Temperature Variations in East Asia during the 20th Century. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs), aerosols, and natural forcing on the summer-mean surface air temperature (TAS) in the East Asia (EA) land surface in the 20th century are analyzed using six-member coupled model inter-comparison project 5 (CMIP5) general circulation model (GCM) ensembles from five single-forcing simulations. The simulation with the observed GHG concentrations and aerosol emissions reproduces well the land-mean EA TAS trend characterized by warming periods in the early (1911–1940; P1) and late (1971–2000; P3) 20th century separated by a cooling period (1941–1970; P2). The warming in P1 is mainly due to the natural variability related to GHG increases and the long-term recovery from volcanic activities in late-19th/early-20th century. The cooling in P2 occurs as the combined cooling by anthropogenic aerosols and increased volcanic eruptions in the 1960s exceeds the warming by the GHG increases and the nonlinear interaction term. In P3, the combined warming by GHGs and the interaction term exceeds the cooling by anthropogenic aerosols to result in the warming. The SW forcing is not driving the TAS increase in P1/P3 as the shortwave (SW) forcing is heavily affected by the increased cloudiness and the longwave (LW) forcing dominates the SW forcing. The LW forcing to TAS cannot be separated from the LW response to TAS, preventing further analyses. The interaction among these forcing affects TAS via largely modifying the atmospheric water cycle, especially in P2 and P3. Key forcing terms on TAS such as the temperature advection related to large-scale circulation changes cannot be analyzed due to the lack of model data.
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Mor V, Dhankhar R, Attri SD, Soni VK, Sateesh M, Taneja K. Assessment of aerosols optical properties and radiative forcing over an Urban site in North-Western India. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:1232-1244. [PMID: 27564392 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1221473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present work is aimed to analyze aerosols optical properties and to estimate aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) from January to December 2013, using sky radiometer data over Rohtak, an urban site in North-Western India. The results reveal strong wavelength dependency of aerosol optical depth (AOD), with high values of AOD at shorter wavelengths and lower values at longer wavelength during the study period. The highest AOD values of 1.07 ± 0.45 at 500 nm were observed during July. A significant decline in Ångström exponent was observed during April-May, which represents the dominance of coarse mode particles due to dust-raising convective activities. Aerosols' size distribution exhibits a bimodal structure with fine mode particles around 0.17 µm and coarse mode particles with a radius around 5.28 µm. Single scattering albedo values were lowest during November-December at all wavelengths, ranging from 0.87 to 0.76, which corresponds to the higher absorption during this period. Aerosols optical properties retrieved during observation period are used as input for SBDART (Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer) to estimate the direct ARF at the surface, in the atmosphere and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The ARF at the TOA, surface and in the atmosphere are found to be in the range of -4.98 to -19.35 W m-2, -8.01 to -57.66 W m-2 and +3.02 to +41.64 W m-2, respectively. The averaged forcing for the whole period of observations at the TOA is -11.26 W m-2, while at the surface it is -38.64 W m-2, leading to atmospheric forcing of 27.38 W m-2. The highest (1.168 K day-1) values of heating rate was estimated during November, whereas the lowest value (0.084 K day-1) was estimated for the February.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mor
- a Department of Environment Science , Maharshi Dayanand University , Rohtak , India
| | - Rajesh Dhankhar
- a Department of Environment Science , Maharshi Dayanand University , Rohtak , India
| | - S D Attri
- b India Meteorological Department , Ministry of Earth Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - V K Soni
- b India Meteorological Department , Ministry of Earth Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - M Sateesh
- b India Meteorological Department , Ministry of Earth Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Kanika Taneja
- b India Meteorological Department , Ministry of Earth Sciences , New Delhi , India
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Liu X, Sun H, Feike T, Zhang X, Shao L, Chen S. Assessing the Impact of Air Pollution on Grain Yield of Winter Wheat - A Case Study in the North China Plain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162655. [PMID: 27612146 PMCID: PMC5017742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The major wheat production region of China the North China Plain (NCP) is seriously affected by air pollution. In this study, yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was analyzed with respect to the potential impact of air pollution index under conditions of optimal crop management in the NCP from 2001 to 2012. Results showed that air pollution was especially serious at the early phase of winter wheat growth significantly influencing various weather factors. However, no significant correlations were found between final grain yield and the weather factors during the early growth phase. In contrast, significant correlations were found between grain yield and total solar radiation gap, sunshine hour gap, diurnal temperature range and relative humidity during the late growing phase. To disentangle the confounding effects of various weather factors, and test the isolated effect of air pollution induced changes in incoming global solar radiation on yield under ceteris paribus conditions, crop model based scenario-analysis was conducted. The simulation results of the calibrated Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model indicated that a reduction in radiation by 10% might cause a yield reduction by more than 10%. Increasing incident radiation by 10% would lead to yield increases of (only) 7%, with the effects being much stronger during the late growing phase compared to the early growing phase. However, there is evidence that APSIM overestimates the effect of air pollution induced changes on radiation, as it does not consider the changes in radiative properties of solar insulation, i.e. the relative increase of diffuse over direct radiation, which may partly alleviate the negative effects of reduced total radiation by air pollution. Concluding, the present study could not detect a significantly negative effect of air pollution on wheat yields in the NCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Uvalde, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hongyong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Til Feike
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) | Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment, Kleinmachnow, Germany
| | - Xiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Liwei Shao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
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Badarinath KVS, Sharma AR, Kaskaoutis DG, Kharol SK, Kambezidis HD. Solar dimming over the tropical urban region of Hyderabad, India: Effect of increased cloudiness and increased anthropogenic aerosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li J, Carlson BE, Lacis AA. A study on the temporal and spatial variability of absorbing aerosols using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Ozone Monitoring Instrument Aerosol Index data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang CL, Chen F, Miao SG, Li QC, Xia XA, Xuan CY. Impacts of urban expansion and future green planting on summer precipitation in the Beijing metropolitan area. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Krotkov NA, McClure B, Dickerson RR, Carn SA, Li C, Bhartia PK, Yang K, Krueger AJ, Li Z, Levelt PF, Chen H, Wang P, Lu D. Validation of SO2retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument over NE China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Doherty OM, Riemer N, Hameed S. Saharan mineral dust transport into the Caribbean: Observed atmospheric controls and trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhao TXP, Laszlo I, Guo W, Heidinger A, Cao C, Jelenak A, Tarpley D, Sullivan J. Study of long-term trend in aerosol optical thickness observed from operational AVHRR satellite instrument. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dey S, Tripathi SN. Aerosol direct radiative effects over Kanpur in the Indo-Gangetic basin, northern India: Long-term (2001–2005) observations and implications to regional climate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Leung FYT, Logan JA, Park R, Hyer E, Kasischke E, Streets D, Yurganov L. Impacts of enhanced biomass burning in the boreal forests in 1998 on tropospheric chemistry and the sensitivity of model results to the injection height of emissions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fok-Yan T. Leung
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jennifer A. Logan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Rokjin Park
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Edward Hyer
- Naval Research Laboratory; Monterey California USA
| | - Eric Kasischke
- Department of Geography; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | | | - Leonid Yurganov
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Baltimore Maryland USA
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Prasad AK, Singh RP. Changes in aerosol parameters during major dust storm events (2001–2005) over the Indo-Gangetic Plains using AERONET and MODIS data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gautam R, Hsu NC, Kafatos M, Tsay SC. Influences of winter haze on fog/low cloud over the Indo-Gangetic plains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd007036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Richter A, Burrows JP, Nüss H, Granier C, Niemeier U. Increase in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide over China observed from space. Nature 2005; 437:129-32. [PMID: 16136141 DOI: 10.1038/nature04092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Emissions from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning reduce local air quality and affect global tropospheric chemistry. Nitrogen oxides are emitted by all combustion processes and play a key part in the photochemically induced catalytic production of ozone, which results in summer smog and has increased levels of tropospheric ozone globally. Release of nitrogen oxide also results in nitric acid deposition, and--at least locally--increases radiative forcing effects due to the absorption of downward propagating visible light. Nitrogen oxide concentrations in many industrialized countries are expected to decrease, but rapid economic development has the potential to increase significantly the emissions of nitrogen oxides in parts of Asia. Here we present the tropospheric column amounts of nitrogen dioxide retrieved from two satellite instruments GOME and SCIAMACHY over the years 1996-2004. We find substantial reductions in nitrogen dioxide concentrations over some areas of Europe and the USA, but a highly significant increase of about 50 per cent-with an accelerating trend in annual growth rate-over the industrial areas of China, more than recent bottom-up inventories suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Richter
- Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
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Torres O. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer measurements of aerosol absorption from space: Comparison to SAFARI 2000 ground-based observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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