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Huang S, Wu Z, Wang Y, Poulain L, Höpner F, Merkel M, Herrmann H, Wiedensohler A. Aerosol Hygroscopicity and its Link to Chemical Composition in a Remote Marine Environment Based on Three Transatlantic Measurements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:9613-9622. [PMID: 35730737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hygroscopicity of marine aerosols may largely impact particle optical properties, cloud activation ability, and consequently the global climate system. This study highlights findings from real-time hygroscopicity and chemical composition measurements in three open-ocean cruises over the Atlantic Ocean. Spatial variations in hygroscopicity (κ) for marine boundary layer particles (≤300 nm) were provided for the first time covering nearly 100° of the latitude over the Atlantic Ocean, ranging from 0.14 to 1.06. Externally mixed particles with remarkably low hygroscopicity (0.14-0.16) were observed near the equator influenced by biomass burning emissions transported from Africa. For marine aerosols, a positive linear correlation evidently existed between κ and wind speed within a range of 5-15 m/s even for nanometer particles. A closure study shows that the measured κ of 300 nm particles is well explained by the bulk chemical composition. A good negative correlation between measured κ and the organic mass fraction in PM1 for marine aerosols was found (slope = -2.26, R2 = 0.44), while a different linear relationship appeared for continental aerosols at several sites (slope = -0.47, R2 = 0.77). Accordingly, we provide a parameterization method to estimate bulk aerosol hygroscopicity both in continental and marine environments using particulate organic fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yu Wang
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poulain
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | | | - Maik Merkel
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig 04318, Germany
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Global Clear-Sky Aerosol Speciated Direct Radiative Effects over 40 Years (1980–2019). ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We assess the 40-year climatological clear-sky global direct radiative effect (DRE) of five main aerosol types using the MERRA-2 reanalysis and a spectral radiative transfer model (FORTH). The study takes advantage of aerosol-speciated, spectrally and vertically resolved optical properties over the period 1980–2019, to accurately determine the aerosol DREs, emphasizing the attribution of the total DREs to each aerosol type. The results show that aerosols radiatively cool the Earth’s surface and heat its atmosphere by 7.56 and 2.35 Wm−2, respectively, overall cooling the planet by 5.21 Wm−2, partly counterbalancing the anthropogenic greenhouse global warming during 1980–2019. These DRE values differ significantly in terms of magnitude, and even sign, among the aerosol types (sulfate and black carbon aerosols cool and heat the planet by 1.88 and 0.19 Wm−2, respectively), the hemispheres (larger NH than SH values), the surface cover type (larger land than ocean values) or the seasons (larger values in local spring and summer), while considerable inter-decadal changes are evident. These DRE differences are even larger by up to an order of magnitude on a regional scale, highlighting the important role of the aerosol direct radiative effect for local and global climate.
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Aerosol Characterization during the Summer 2017 Huge Fire Event on Mount Vesuvius (Italy) by Remote Sensing and In Situ Observations. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the summer of 2017, multiple huge fires occurred on Mount Vesuvius (Italy), dispersing a large quantity of ash in the surrounding area ensuing the burning of tens of hectares of Mediterranean scrub. The fires affected a very large area of the Vesuvius National Park and the smoke was driven by winds towards the city of Naples, causing daily peak values of particulate matter (PM) concentrations at ground level higher than the limit of the EU air quality directive. The smoke plume spreading over the area of Naples in this period was characterized by active (lidar) and passive (sun photometer) remote sensing as well as near-surface (optical particle counter) observational techniques. The measurements allowed us to follow both the PM variation at ground level and the vertical profile of fresh biomass burning aerosol as well as to analyze the optical and microphysical properties. The results evidenced the presence of a layer of fine mode aerosol with large mean values of optical depth (AOD > 0.25) and Ångstrom exponent (γ > 1.5) above the observational site. Moreover, the lidar ratio and aerosol linear depolarization obtained from the lidar observations were about 40 sr and 4%, respectively, consistent with the presence of biomass burning aerosol in the atmosphere.
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A Global Climatology of Dust Aerosols Based on Satellite Data: Spatial, Seasonal and Inter-Annual Patterns over the Period 2005–2019. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A satellite-based algorithm is developed and used to determine the presence of dust aerosols on a global scale. The algorithm uses as input aerosol optical properties from the MOderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Aqua Collection 6.1 and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)-Aura version v003 (OMAER-UV) datasets and identifies the existence of dust aerosols in the atmosphere by applying specific thresholds, which ensure the coarse size and the absorptivity of dust aerosols, on the input optical properties. The utilized aerosol optical properties are the multiwavelength aerosol optical depth (AOD), the Aerosol Absorption Index (AI) and the Ångström Exponent (a). The algorithm operates on a daily basis and at 1° × 1° latitude-longitude spatial resolution for the period 2005–2019 and computes the absolute and relative frequency of the occurrence of dust. The monthly and annual mean frequencies are calculated on a pixel level for each year of the study period, enabling the study of the seasonal as well as the inter-annual variation of dust aerosols’ occurrence all over the globe. Temporal averaging is also applied to the annual values in order to estimate the 15-year climatological mean values. Apart from temporal, a spatial averaging is also applied for the entire globe as well as for specific regions of interest, namely great global deserts and areas of desert dust export. According to the algorithm results, the highest frequencies of dust occurrence (up to 160 days/year) are primarily observed over the western part of North Africa (Sahara), and over the broader area of Bodélé, and secondarily over the Asian Taklamakan desert (140 days/year). For most of the study regions, the maximum frequencies appear in boreal spring and/or summer and the minimum ones in winter or autumn. A clear seasonality of global dust is revealed, with the lowest frequencies in November–December and the highest ones in June. Finally, an increasing trend of global dust frequency of occurrence from 2005 to 2019, equal to 56.2%, is also found. Such an increasing trend is observed over all study regions except for North Middle East, where a slight decreasing trend (−2.4%) is found.
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A Climatological Satellite Assessment of Absorbing Carbonaceous Aerosols on a Global Scale. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10110671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A global climatology of absorbing carbonaceous aerosols (ACA) for the period 2005–2015 is obtained by using satellite MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)-Aqua and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument)-Aura aerosol optical properties and by applying an algorithm. The algorithm determines the frequency of presence of ACA (black and brown carbon) over the globe at 1° × 1° pixel level and on a daily basis. The results of the algorithm indicate high frequencies of ACA (up to 19 days/month) over world regions with extended biomass burning, such as the tropical forests of southern and central Africa, South America and equatorial Asia, over savannas, cropland areas or boreal forests, as well as over urban and rural areas with intense anthropogenic activities, such as the eastern coast of China or the Indo-Gangetic plain. A clear seasonality of the frequency of occurrence of ACA is evident, with increased values during June–October over southern Africa, during July–November over South America, August–November over Indonesia, November–March over central Africa and November–April over southeastern Asia. The estimated seasonality of ACA is in line with the known annual patterns of worldwide biomass-burning emissions, while other features such as the export of carbonaceous aerosols from southern Africa to the southeastern Atlantic Ocean are also successfully reproduced by the algorithm. The results indicate a noticeable interannual variability and tendencies of ACA over specific world regions during 2005–2015, such as statistically significant increasing frequency of occurrence over southern Africa and eastern Asia.
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Diokhane AM, Jenkins GS, Manga N, Drame MS, Mbodji B. Linkages between observed, modeled Saharan dust loading and meningitis in Senegal during 2012 and 2013. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2016; 60:557-75. [PMID: 26296434 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-1051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Sahara desert transports large quantities of dust over the Sahelian region during the Northern Hemisphere winter and spring seasons (December-April). In episodic events, high dust concentrations are found at the surface, negatively impacting respiratory health. Bacterial meningitis in particular is known to affect populations that live in the Sahelian zones, which is otherwise known as the meningitis belt. During the winter and spring of 2012, suspected meningitis cases (SMCs) were with three times higher than in 2013. We show higher surface particular matter concentrations at Dakar, Senegal and elevated atmospheric dust loading in Senegal for the period of 1 January-31 May during 2012 relative to 2013. We analyze simulated particulate matter over Senegal from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model during 2012 and 2013. The results show higher simulated dust concentrations during the winter season of 2012 for Senegal. The WRF model correctly captures the large dust events from 1 January-31 March but has shown less skill during April and May for simulated dust concentrations. The results also show that the boundary conditions are the key feature for correctly simulating large dust events and initial conditions are less important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminata Mbow Diokhane
- Centre de Gestion de la Qualité de l'Air (CGQA), from the Direction de l'Environnement et des Etablissements Classés (DEEC), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Gregory S Jenkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Noel Manga
- Unité de formation et de recherche en Sciences de la santé (UFR-2S), Université Assane Seck Ziguinchor (UASZ), Ziguinchor, Senegal
| | - Mamadou S Drame
- Laboratory for Atmospheric-Oceanic Physics-Simeon Fongang (LPAO-SF), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Boubacar Mbodji
- Centre de Gestion de la Qualité de l'Air (CGQA), from the Direction de l'Environnement et des Etablissements Classés (DEEC), Dakar, Senegal
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Chami M, Mallet M, Gentili B. Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten-year time series of satellite observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jc008112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tao M, Chen L, Su L, Tao J. Satellite observation of regional haze pollution over the North China Plain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd017915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ridley DA, Heald CL, Ford B. North African dust export and deposition: A satellite and model perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Malavelle F, Pont V, Mallet M, Solmon F, Johnson B, Leon JF, Liousse C. Simulation of aerosol radiative effects over West Africa during DABEX and AMMA SOP-0. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tatarov B, Müller D, Shin DH, Shin SK, Mattis I, Seifert P, Noh YM, Kim YJ, Sugimoto N. Lidar measurements of Raman scattering at ultraviolet wavelength from mineral dust over East Asia. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:1569-1581. [PMID: 21263697 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.001569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel measurement channel that utilizes Raman scattering from silicon dioxide (SiO2) quartz at an ultraviolet wavelength (361 nm). The excitation of the Raman signals is done at the primary wavelength of 355 nm emitted from a lidar instrument. In combination with Raman signals from scattering from nitrogen molecules, we may infer the mineral-quartz-related backscatter coefficient. This technique thus allows us to identify in a comparably direct way the mineral quartz content in mixed pollution plumes that consist, e.g., of a mix of desert dust and urban pollution. We tested the channel for the complex situation of East Asian pollution. We find good agreement of the inferred mineral-quartz-related backscatter coefficient to results obtained with another mineral quartz channel which was operated at 546 nm (primary emission wavelength at 532 nm), the functionality of which has already been shown for a lidar system in Tsukuba (Japan). The advantage of the novel channel is that it provides a better signal-to-noise ratio because of the shorter measurement wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Tatarov
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Omar A, Liu Z, Vaughan M, Thornhill K, Kittaka C, Ismail S, Hu Y, Chen G, Powell K, Winker D, Trepte C, Winstead E, Anderson B. Extinction-to-backscatter ratios of Saharan dust layers derived from in situ measurements and CALIPSO overflights during NAMMA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Omar
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Zhaoyan Liu
- National Institute of Aerospace; NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Mark Vaughan
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Kenneth Thornhill
- Science Applications International Corp.; NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | | | - Syed Ismail
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Yongxiang Hu
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Gao Chen
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | | | - David Winker
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | | | - Edward Winstead
- Science Applications International Corp.; NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
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Deboudt K, Flament P, Choël M, Gloter A, Sobanska S, Colliex C. Mixing state of aerosols and direct observation of carbonaceous and marine coatings on African dust by individual particle analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd013921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Deboudt
- Université Lille Nord de France; Lille France
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphere, UMR CNRS 8101; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale; Dunkerque France
| | - Pascal Flament
- Université Lille Nord de France; Lille France
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphere, UMR CNRS 8101; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale; Dunkerque France
| | - Marie Choël
- Université Lille Nord de France; Lille France
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie InfraRouge et Raman, UMR CNRS 8516; Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille; Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Alexandre Gloter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR CNRS 8502; Université de Paris-Sud 11; Orsay France
| | - Sophie Sobanska
- Université Lille Nord de France; Lille France
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie InfraRouge et Raman, UMR CNRS 8516; Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille; Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Christian Colliex
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR CNRS 8502; Université de Paris-Sud 11; Orsay France
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Chen SH, Wang SH, Waylonis M. Modification of Saharan air layer and environmental shear over the eastern Atlantic Ocean by dust-radiation effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Eck TF, Holben BN, Sinyuk A, Pinker RT, Goloub P, Chen H, Chatenet B, Li Z, Singh RP, Tripathi SN, Reid JS, Giles DM, Dubovik O, O'Neill NT, Smirnov A, Wang P, Xia X. Climatological aspects of the optical properties of fine/coarse mode aerosol mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pinker RT, Liu H, Osborne SR, Akoshile C. Radiative effects of aerosols in sub-Sahel Africa: Dust and biomass burning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hand VL, Capes G, Vaughan DJ, Formenti P, Haywood JM, Coe H. Evidence of internal mixing of African dust and biomass burning particles by individual particle analysis using electron beam techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Huang J, Zhang C, Prospero JM. African dust outbreaks: A satellite perspective of temporal and spatial variability over the tropical Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Formenti P, Nava S, Prati P, Chevaillier S, Klaver A, Lafon S, Mazzei F, Calzolai G, Chiari M. Self-attenuation artifacts and correction factors of light element measurements by X-ray analysis: Implication for mineral dust composition studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tesche M, Ansmann A, Müller D, Althausen D, Engelmann R, Freudenthaler V, Groß S. Vertically resolved separation of dust and smoke over Cape Verde using multiwavelength Raman and polarization lidars during Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment 2008. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd011862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Menut L, Chiapello I, Moulin C. Predictability of mineral dust concentrations: The African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis first short observation period forecasted with CHIMERE‐DUST. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Slingo A, White HE, Bharmal NA, Robinson GJ. Overview of observations from the RADAGAST experiment in Niamey, Niger: 2. Radiative fluxes and divergences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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