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Yu X, Fiore AM, Santer BD, Correa GP, Lamarque JF, Ziemke JR, Eastham SD, Zhu Q. Anthropogenic Fingerprint Detectable in Upper Tropospheric Ozone Trends Retrieved from Satellite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:14306-14317. [PMID: 39092829 PMCID: PMC11325641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a strong greenhouse gas, particularly in the upper troposphere (UT). Limited observations point to a continuous increase in UT O3 in recent decades, but the attribution of UT O3 changes is complicated by large internal climate variability. We show that the anthropogenic signal ("fingerprint") in the patterns of UT O3 increases is distinguishable from the background noise of internal variability. The time-invariant fingerprint of human-caused UT O3 changes is derived from a 16-member initial-condition ensemble performed with a chemistry-climate model (CESM2-WACCM6). The fingerprint is largest between 30°S and 40°N, especially near 30°N. In contrast, the noise pattern in UT O3 is mainly associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The UT O3 fingerprint pattern can be discerned with high confidence within only 13 years of the 2005 start of the OMI/MLS satellite record. Unlike the UT O3 fingerprint, the lower tropospheric (LT) O3 fingerprint varies significantly over time and space in response to large-scale changes in anthropogenic precursor emissions, with the highest signal-to-noise ratios near 40°N in Asia and Europe. Our analysis reveals a significant human effect on Earth's atmospheric chemistry in the UT and indicates promise for identifying fingerprints of specific sources of ozone precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Yu
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Arlene M Fiore
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Benjamin D Santer
- Physical Oceanography Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States
- Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gustavo P Correa
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, United States
| | | | - Jerald R Ziemke
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
- Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21251, United States
| | - Sebastian D Eastham
- Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qindan Zhu
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Mai Z, Shen H, Zhang A, Sun HZ, Zheng L, Guo J, Liu C, Chen Y, Wang C, Ye J, Zhu L, Fu TM, Yang X, Tao S. Convolutional Neural Networks Facilitate Process Understanding of Megacity Ozone Temporal Variability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38485962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Ozone pollution is profoundly modulated by meteorological features such as temperature, air pressure, wind, and humidity. While many studies have developed empirical models to elucidate the effects of meteorology on ozone variability, they predominantly focus on local weather conditions, overlooking the influences from high-altitude and broader regional meteorological patterns. Here, we employ convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a technique typically applied to image recognition, to investigate the influence of three-dimensional spatial variations in meteorological fields on the daily, seasonal, and interannual dynamics of ozone in Shenzhen, a major coastal urban center in China. Our optimized CNNs model, covering a 13° × 13° spatial domain, effectively explains over 70% of daily ozone variability, outperforming alternative empirical approaches by 7 to 62%. Model interpretations reveal the crucial roles of 2-m temperature and humidity as primary drivers, contributing 16% and 15% to daily ozone fluctuations, respectively. Regional wind fields account for up to 40% of ozone changes during the episodes. CNNs successfully replicate observed ozone temporal patterns, attributing -5-6 μg·m-3 of interannual ozone variability to weather anomalies. Our interpretable CNNs framework enables quantitative attribution of historical ozone fluctuations to nonlinear meteorological effects across spatiotemporal scales, offering vital process-based insights for managing megacity air quality amidst changing climate regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Mai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huizhong Shen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Aoxing Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haitong Zhe Sun
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
- Centre for Sustainable Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lianming Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- Shenzhen Ecology and Environment Monitoring Centre of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518049, China
| | - Chanfang Liu
- Shenzhen Ecology and Environment Monitoring Centre of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518049, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianhuai Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tzung-May Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Ramya A, Dhevagi P, Poornima R, Avudainayagam S, Watanabe M, Agathokleous E. Effect of ozone stress on crop productivity: A threat to food security. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116816. [PMID: 37543123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3), the most important phytotoxic air pollutant, can deteriorate crop quality and productivity. Notably, satellite and ground-level observations-based multimodel simulations demonstrate that the present and future predicted O3 exposures could threaten food security. Hence, the present study aims at reviewing the phytotoxicity caused by O3 pollution, which threatens the food security. The present review encompasses three major aspects; wherein the past and prevailing O3 concentrations in various regions were compiled at first, followed by discussing the physiological, biochemical and yield responses of economically important crop species, and considering the potential of O3 protectants to alleviate O3-induced phytotoxicity. Finally, the empirical data reported in the literature were quantitatively analysed to show that O3 causes detrimental effect on physiological traits, photosynthetic pigments, growth and yield attributes. The review on prevailing O3 concentrations over various regions, where economically important crop are grown, and their negative impact would support policy makers to implement air pollution regulations and the scientific community to develop countermeasures against O3 phytotoxicity for maintaining food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambikapathi Ramya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Periyasamy Dhevagi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - S Avudainayagam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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4
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Kumar P, Kuttippurath J, von der Gathen P, Petropavlovskikh I, Johnson B, McClure-Begley A, Cristofanelli P, Bonasoni P, Barlasina ME, Sánchez R. The Increasing Surface Ozone and Tropospheric Ozone in Antarctica and Their Possible Drivers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8542-8553. [PMID: 34132098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis of the temporal evolution of tropospheric ozone in Antarctica using more than 25 years of surface ozone and ozonesonde measurements reveals significant changes in tropospheric ozone there. It shows a positive trend in ozone at the surface and lower and mid-troposphere, but a negative trend in the upper troposphere. We also find significant links between different climate modes and tropospheric ozone in Antarctica and observe that changes in residual overturning circulation, the strength of the polar vortex, and stratosphere-troposphere exchange make noticeable variability in tropospheric ozone. Therefore, this study alerts of increasing ozone concentration in Antarctica, which would have a profound impact on the future climate of the region as tropospheric ozone has warming feedback to the Earth's climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | | | - Peter von der Gathen
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegraphenberg A45-N, Potsdam 14473, Germany
| | - Irina Petropavlovskikh
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305-3328, United States
| | - Bryan Johnson
- NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305-3328, United States
| | - Audra McClure-Begley
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305-3328, United States
| | - Paolo Cristofanelli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonasoni
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Barlasina
- Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Vigilancia de la Atmosfera y Geofísica, Av. Dorrego 4019, Buenos Aires 4019, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Sánchez
- Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Vigilancia de la Atmosfera y Geofísica, Av. Dorrego 4019, Buenos Aires 4019, Argentina
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5
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Liu N, Lin W, Ma J, Xu W, Xu X. Seasonal variation in surface ozone and its regional characteristics at global atmosphere watch stations in China. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 77:291-302. [PMID: 30573093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the seasonal and spatial ozone variations in China by using three-year surface ozone observation data from the six Chinese Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) stations and tropospheric column ozone data from satellite retrieval over the period 2010-2012. It is shown that the seasonal ozone variations at these GAW stations are rather different, particularly between the western and eastern locations. Compared with western China, eastern China has lower background ozone levels. However, the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) can transport photochemical pollutants from the southern to the northern areas in eastern China, leading to a northward gradual enhancement of background ozone levels at the eastern GAW stations. Over China, the tropospheric column ozone densities peak during spring and summer in the areas that are directly and/or indirectly affected by the ASM, and the peak time lags from the south to the north in eastern China. We also investigated the regional representativeness of seasonal variations of ozone at the six Chinese GAW stations using the yearly maximum tropospheric column month as indicator. The results show that the seasonal variation characteristics of ozone revealed by the Chinese GAW stations are typical, with each station having a considerable large surrounding area with the ozone maximum occurring at the same month. Ozone variations at the GAW stations are influenced by many complex factors and their regional representativeness needs to be investigated further in a broader sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Liu
- Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & CMA Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No.46 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China; Shenyang Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, No.388 Changbai South Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110066, PR China
| | - Weili Lin
- College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, No.27 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Jianzhong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & CMA Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No.46 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Wanyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & CMA Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No.46 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & CMA Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No.46 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
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6
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Noreen A, Khokhar MF, Zeb N, Yasmin N, Hakeem KR. Spatio-temporal assessment and seasonal variation of tropospheric ozone in Pakistan during the last decade. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:8441-8454. [PMID: 29307068 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study uses the tropospheric ozone data derived from combined observations of Ozone Monitoring Instrument/Microwave Limb Sounder instruments by using the tropospheric ozone residual method. The main objective was to study the spatial distribution and temporal evolution in the troposphere ozone columns over Pakistan during the time period of 2004 to 2014. Results showed an overall increase of 3.2 ± 1.1 DU in tropospheric ozone columns over Pakistan. Spatial distribution showed enhanced ozone columns in the Punjab and southern Sindh consistent to high population, urbanization, and extensive anthropogenic activities, and exhibited statistically significant temporal increase. Seasonal variations in tropospheric ozone columns are driven by various factors such as seasonality in UV-B fluxes, seasonality in ozone precursor gases such as NOx and volatile organic compounds (caused by temperature dependent biogenic emission) and agricultural fire activities in Pakistan. A strong correlation of 96% (r = 0.96) was found between fire events and tropospheric ozone columns in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Noreen
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fahim Khokhar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Naila Zeb
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Naila Yasmin
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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7
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Jaeglé L, Wood R, Wargan K. Multi-year composite view of ozone enhancements and stratosphere-to-troposphere transport in dry intrusions of northern hemisphere extratropical cyclones. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2017; 122:13436-13457. [PMID: 29479506 PMCID: PMC5823518 DOI: 10.1002/2017jd027656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We examine the role of extratropical cyclones in stratosphere-to-troposphere (STT) exchange with cyclone-centric composites of O3 retrievals from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), contrasting them to composites obtained with the Modern-Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA and MERRA-2) reanalyses and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We identify 15,978 extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere (NH) for 2005-2012. The lowermost stratosphere (261 hPa) and middle troposphere (424 hPa) composites feature a 1,000 km-wide O3 enhancement in the dry intrusion (DI) airstream to the southwest of the cyclone center, coinciding with a lowered tropopause, enhanced potential vorticity, and decreased H2O. MLS composites at 261 hPa show that the DI O3 enhancements reach a 210 ppbv maximum in April. At 424 hPa, TES composites display maximum O3 enhancements of 27 ppbv in May. The magnitude and seasonality of these enhancements are captured by MERRA and MERRA-2, but GEOS-Chem is a factor of two too low. The MERRA-2 composites show that the O3-rich DI forms a vertically aligned structure between 300 and 800 hPa, wrapping cyclonically with the warm conveyor belt. In winter and spring DIs, O3 is enhanced by 100 ppbv or 100-130% at 300 hPa, with significant enhancements below 500 hPa (6-20 ppbv or 15-30%). We estimate that extratropical cyclones result in a STT flux of 119±56 Tg O3 yr-1, accounting for 42±20 % of the NH extratropical O3 STT flux. The STT flux in cyclones displays a strong dependence on westerly 300 hPa wind speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyatt Jaeglé
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert Wood
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Krzysztof Wargan
- Science Systems and Applications Inc., Lanham, Maryland, USA
- Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
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8
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Christensen JN, Weiss-Penzias P, Fine R, McDade CE, Trzepla K, Brown ST, Gustin MS. Unraveling the sources of ground level ozone in the Intermountain Western United States using Pb isotopes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 530-531:519-525. [PMID: 25934382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ozone as an atmospheric pollutant is largely produced by anthropogenic precursors and can significantly impact human and ecosystem health, and climate. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently proposed lowering the ozone standard from 75 ppbv (MDA8 = Maximum Daily 8-Hour Average) to between 65 and 70 ppbv. This will result in remote areas of the Intermountain West that includes many U.S. National Parks being out of compliance, despite a lack of significant local sources. We used Pb isotope fingerprinting and back-trajectory analysis to distinguish sources of imported ozone to Great Basin National Park in eastern Nevada. During discrete Chinese Pb events (> 1.1 ng/m(3) & > 80% Asian Pb) trans-Pacific transported ozone was 5 ± 5.5 ppbv above 19 year averages for those dates. In contrast, concentrations during regional transport from the Los Angeles and Las Vegas areas were 15 ± 2 ppbv above the long-term averages, and those characterized by high-altitude transport 3 days prior to sampling were 19 ± 4ppbv above. However, over the study period the contribution of trans-Pacific transported ozone increased at a rate of 0.8 ± 0.3 ppbv/year, suggesting that Asian inputs will exceed regional and high altitude sources by 2015-2020. All of these sources will impact regulatory compliance with a new ozone standard, given increasing global background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Charles E McDade
- University of California at Davis, Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Krystyna Trzepla
- University of California at Davis, Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shaun T Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
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9
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Varotsos C, Christodoulakis J, Tzanis C, Cracknell A. Signature of tropospheric ozone and nitrogen dioxide from space: A case study for Athens, Greece. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 2014; 89:721-730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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10
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Lin M, Fiore AM, Cooper OR, Horowitz LW, Langford AO, Levy H, Johnson BJ, Naik V, Oltmans SJ, Senff CJ. Springtime high surface ozone events over the western United States: Quantifying the role of stratospheric intrusions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd018151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Prather MJ, Zhu X, Tang Q, Hsu J, Neu JL. An atmospheric chemist in search of the tropopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Prather MJ, Hsu J. Coupling of Nitrous Oxide and Methane by Global Atmospheric Chemistry. Science 2010; 330:952-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1196285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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