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Sadhana S, Poonguzhali S, Vijayakumar V, Poornima R, Pavithra S, Prakash Raj S, Maheshkumar K. How Is It Possible to Treat Diseases Without Medicine?: A Qualitative Study on the Attitude and Perceived Benefits of Yoga and Naturopathy Among Patients Admitted at an Inpatient Hospital. J Integr Complement Med 2024; 30:403-406. [PMID: 38011692 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Yoga and naturopathy (Y&N) is a system of medicine primarily focusing on restoration of health and well-being. Objective of this study is to understand the knowledge, attitude, and perception about Y&N among the inpatients of a government Y&N institution in south India. Methods: Focus group discussion was conducted in eight adult patients aged between 30 and 60 years who took Y&N treatments for a period of 10 days or more. Purposive sampling method was adopted. Oral informed consent was obtained. Results: Knowledge about the Y&N system of medicine was primarily through referral or "word of mouth." Perceived benefits were both physical and psychological. Uniqueness of the hospital as mentioned by participants includes individual attention, tailor-made treatment protocols, and one-to-one care to the needy patients. Conclusion: An integrated approach is very much essential that might bring about better treatment outcomes in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sadhana
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - S Poonguzhali
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - Venugopal Vijayakumar
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - R Poornima
- Department of Yoga and Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - S Pavithra
- Department of Yoga and Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - S Prakash Raj
- Department of Yoga and Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
| | - K Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
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Manjari SKV, Abraham SM, Poornima R, Chaturvedi RK, Maity S, Komal P. Unprecedented effect of vitamin D3 on T-cell receptor beta subunit and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in a 3-nitropropionic acid induced mouse model of Huntington's disease. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:116-125. [PMID: 38204575 PMCID: PMC10776327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction 3-NP induction in rodent models has been shown to induce selective neurodegeneration in the striatum followed by the cortex (Brouillet, 2014). However, it remains unclear whether, under such a neurotoxic condition, characterized by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, the gene expression of the immune resident protein, T-cell receptor beta subunit (TCR-β), α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChRs), the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and antioxidants (Cat and GpX4) get modulated on Vitamin D3 (VD) supplementation in the central nervous system. Methods In the present study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to study the expression of respective genes. Male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks) were divided into four groups namely, Group I: Control (saline); Group II: 3-NP induction via i.p (HD); Group III: Vitamin D3 (VD) and Group IV: (HD + VD) (Manjari et al., 2022). Results On administration of 500IU/kg/day of VD, HD mice showed a significant reduction in the gene expression of the immune receptor, TCR-β subunit, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines, and key antioxidants, followed by a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity. Conclusion A novel neuroprotective effect of VD in HD is demonstrated by combating the immune receptor, TCR-β gene expression, antioxidant markers, and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, HD mice on VD administration for 0-15 days showed an enhancement in cholinergic signaling with restoration in α7 nAChRs mRNA and protein expression in the striatum and cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- SKV Manjari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - R. Poornima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Rajneesh Kumar Chaturvedi
- Department of Toxicology and health assessment, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg P.O. Box No. 80, Lucknow 226 001 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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Sahasa RGK, Dhevagi P, Poornima R, Ramya A, Karthikeyan S, Priyatharshini S. Dose-dependent toxicity of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on physiological and biochemical response of blackgram and its associated rhizospheric soil properties. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:119168-119186. [PMID: 37919496 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination in terrestrial ecosystem is emerging as a global threat due to rapid production of plastic waste and its mismanagement. It affects all living organisms including plants. Hence, the current study aims at understanding the effect of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) at different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00% w/w) on the plant growth and yield attributes. With blackgram as a test crop, results revealed that a maximum reduction in physiological traits like photosynthetic rate; chlorophyll a, b; and total chlorophyll by 5, 14, 10, and 13% at flowering stage; and an increase in biochemical traits like ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde, proline, superoxide dismutase, and catalase by 11, 29.7, 16, 22, and 30% during vegetative stage was observed with 1% PE-MP application. Moreover, a reduction in growth and yield attributes was also observed with increasing concentration of microplastics. Additionally, application of 1% PE-MPs decreased the soil bulk density, available phosphorus, and potassium, whereas the EC, organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, NO3-N, and NH4-N significantly increased. Moreover, the presence of PE-MPs in soil also had a significant influence on the soil enzyme activities. Metagenomic analysis (16 s) reveals that at genus level, Bacillus (19%) was predominant in control, while in 1% PE-MPs, Rubrobacter (28%) genus was dominant. Microvirga was found exclusively in T5, while the relative abundance of Gemmatimonas declined from T1 to T5. This study thus confirms that microplastics exert a dose-dependent effect on soil and plant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Periyasamy Dhevagi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 641 003.
| | - Ramesh Poornima
- Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India, 642 103
| | - Ambikapathi Ramya
- Research Centre for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 11529
| | - Subburamu Karthikeyan
- Centre for Post Harvest Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 641 003
| | - Sengottaiyan Priyatharshini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 641 003
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Dhevagi P, Keerthi Sahasa RG, Poornima R, Ramya A. Unveiling the effect of microplastics on agricultural crops - a review. Int J Phytoremediation 2023; 26:793-815. [PMID: 37941363 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2275152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), ever since they were identified as a potential and widely distributed persistent contaminant, the number of studies highlighting their impacts on various terrestrial ecosystems have been increasing. Recently, the effect of MPs on the agricultural ecosystem has gained momentum. Hence, the present review examines the impact of microplastics on agricultural crop systems and the mechanism underlying its toxicity. The current review revealed that most of the studies were conducted at a laboratory scale and under controlled conditions. Additionally, it was observed that polystyrene (PS) followed by polyethylene (PE) are the most studied polymer type, while the most studied plants are wheat and maize. Hitherto, literature studies suggest that the microplastics' influence on plant growth can be negative or sometimes neutral; while in some cases it exerts a hormetic effect which depends on other factors determining plant growth. Notably, the main mechanisms through which microplastics influence plant growth are mechanical damage, alteration of soil properties, or by leaching of additives. Overall, with burgeoning research interest in this aspect, the current review has significant implications for the toxicity of MPs on plants and throws light on the need to develop novel guidelines toward the sustainable use of plastics in agricultural sector. However, realistic field-level studies and estimating the MPs concentration at various region are essential to develop remediation approaches. Future studies should also focus on translocation and accumulation of micron sized MPs in edible portion of crops and their effect on food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyasamy Dhevagi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ambikapathi Ramya
- Research Centre for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ramya A, Dhevagi P, Poornima R, Avudainayagam S, Watanabe M, Agathokleous E. Effect of ozone stress on crop productivity: A threat to food security. Environ Res 2023; 236:116816. [PMID: 37543123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3), the most important phytotoxic air pollutant, can deteriorate crop quality and productivity. Notably, satellite and ground-level observations-based multimodel simulations demonstrate that the present and future predicted O3 exposures could threaten food security. Hence, the present study aims at reviewing the phytotoxicity caused by O3 pollution, which threatens the food security. The present review encompasses three major aspects; wherein the past and prevailing O3 concentrations in various regions were compiled at first, followed by discussing the physiological, biochemical and yield responses of economically important crop species, and considering the potential of O3 protectants to alleviate O3-induced phytotoxicity. Finally, the empirical data reported in the literature were quantitatively analysed to show that O3 causes detrimental effect on physiological traits, photosynthetic pigments, growth and yield attributes. The review on prevailing O3 concentrations over various regions, where economically important crop are grown, and their negative impact would support policy makers to implement air pollution regulations and the scientific community to develop countermeasures against O3 phytotoxicity for maintaining food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambikapathi Ramya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Periyasamy Dhevagi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - S Avudainayagam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Venugopal V, Yogapriya C, Deenadayalan B, Akila A, Poonguzhali S, Poornima R, Maheshkumar K. Foot reflexology for reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive individual: A systematic review. Foot (Edinb) 2023; 54:101974. [PMID: 36804683 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2023.101974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Hypertension is the modifiable risk factor associated with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Foot reflexology has been proposed to reduce the blood pressure for the patients with hypertension but the available evidences are uncertain. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, know the efficacy of foot reflexology on blood pressure reduction in patients with hypertension. DATA SOURCES AND SELECTION A systematic search of electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, and Cochrane library since inception till January 2022. Randomized controlled trial with foot reflexology as an intervention for lowering blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients was included in the study. DATA EXTRACTION AND OUTCOME MEASURES Data was independently extracted by four authors. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was the primary outcome measure. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the effect size. RESULTS The pooled effect of SBP (SMD: -2.70, 95 % of CI: -6.79, 1.39, I2 - 97 %, P < 0.001) and DBP (SMD: -2.12, 95 % of CI: -5.95, 1.71, I2 - 97 %, P < 0.001) changes are not favorable for foot reflexology in terms of reducing blood pressure. CONCLUSION Findings from the studies showed that foot reflexology interventions were not much effective in the reduction of blood pressure among patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - C Yogapriya
- Department of Naturopathy, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - B Deenadayalan
- Department of Naturopathy, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - A Akila
- Department of Acupuncture & Energy Medicine, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - S Poonguzhali
- Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - R Poornima
- CRRI, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India
| | - K Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai 600106, India.
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Venugopal V, Boopalan D, Poornima R, Maheshkumar K. "Eat the Rainbow" Approach in Chromotherapy. J Conserv Dent 2023; 26:118-119. [PMID: 36908719 PMCID: PMC10003281 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_511_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deenadayalan Boopalan
- Department of Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Poornima
- Department of Yoga and Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Manjari S, Maity S, Poornima R, Yau SY, Vaishali K, Stellwagen D, Komal P. Restorative action of vitamin D3 on motor dysfunction through enhancement of neurotrophins and antioxidant expression in the striatum. Neuroscience 2022; 492:67-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Davamani V, Poornima R, Arulmani S, Parameswari E, John JE, Deepasri M. Mitigation of nitrous oxide emission through fertigation and 'N' inhibitors - A sustainable climatic crop cultivation in tomato. Sci Total Environ 2022; 813:152419. [PMID: 34923005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The impact of nitrous oxide (N2O) released from the fertilized agro-ecosystems are of increasing concern. Governing fertilizer requirements and utilizing nitrification inhibitors (NI) are effective methodologies to increase nitrogen retention and reduce N2O emissions from soil. Therefore, the effect of potassium thiosulfate (KTS) and neem-coated urea (NCU) on N2O efflux under irrigated tomato cultivation was assessed. Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) based recommendation of NPK with normal Urea and KTS at 1% of applied N (183:160:125 kg ha-1) (STCR-U + KTS) recorded the least N2O emission and high efficiency in suppressing the nitrate reductase activity. STCR-NCU was on par with STCR-U + KTS, reporting a higher reduction of N2O (21.1, 31.2, and 34.4% during the basal application, 1st and 2nd top dressing, respectively) compared to the blanket recommendation of nutrients. Similarly, STCR-U + KTS recorded the highest reduction (26.2, 25.6, and 30.9% during the basal application, 1st and 2nd top dressing, respectively) after fertilizer application. Besides, the yield of tomatoes is increased in the STCR-NCU (14.08%) and STCR-U + KTS (12.48%) with good quality fruit along (AA, Lycopene, and TSS contents) with low N2O emissions. The DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model further revealed that the simulated data and assessed findings were in good accord, proving the model's reliability and use as a tool for predicting the efficiency of fertilizer application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeraswamy Davamani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Arulmani
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam 638 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ettiyagounder Parameswari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joseph Ezra John
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohan Deepasri
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar 190025, Jammu and Kashmir Union Territory, India
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Poornima R, Elangovan M, Nagarajan G. Network attack classification using LSTM with XGBoost feature selection. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The evolving new and modern technologies raise the risks in the network which will be affected by several attacks and thus give rise to developing efficient network attack detection and classification methods. Here in this article for predicting and classifying the network attacks, the LSTM neural network with XGBoost is suggested in which the NSL-KDD dataset was utilized to train the LSTM in the study. In the beginning, the unnecessary data and the noisy data will be eliminated using the dataset and the feature subset with the most compelling features will be selected using the feature selection. By utilizing the essential data, the proposed system will be trained and the training parameter values will be modified for maximizing the functionality of the proposed system. Then, the result of the proposed system will be evaluated with some of the existing machine learning and deep learning algorithms such as SVM, LR, RF, DNN, and CNN with the performance metrics like Accuracy, F1 score, Recall, and Precision. It was found that the proposed model outperforms better than the other algorithms as this model is trained with the most important features and due to this, the training time and overfitting of the learning model was reduced thereby increasing the model effectiveness
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Poornima R, Suganya K, Sebastian SP. Biosolids towards Back-To-Earth alternative concept (BEA) for environmental sustainability: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:3246-3287. [PMID: 34741269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biosolids are a nutrient-rich stable substance obtained during wastewater treatment process. With amplifying population and industrial development, upsurge of biosolid generation is also speculated. Biosolids are endowed with essential plant nutrient (macro- and micro-nutrients) which qualifies them to be used as soil amendment and in turn dwindles the use of chemical fertilizers. The characteristics of biosolid depends on the nature of the treatment process. In this regard, it would be possible to recycle certain nutrients from the agricultural use of biosolids and could be a sustainable solution to the management of this waste. Biosolids may therefore serve as a key tool for farm utilization. It improves the soil health through nutrient supply and promotes the plant growth. Furthermore, they are slow-release fertilizer and hence, restrains from groundwater contamination. This review, in a nutshell, unravels the influence of biosolids on land application, its effect on soil properties, agricultural and horticultural crops, environmental ramification of biosolids in restoring the degraded land and carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kathirvel Suganya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Selvaraj Paul Sebastian
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kudumiyanmalai, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nayak SN, Aravind B, Malavalli SS, Sukanth BS, Poornima R, Bharati P, Hefferon K, Kole C, Puppala N. Omics Technologies to Enhance Plant Based Functional Foods: An Overview. Front Genet 2021; 12:742095. [PMID: 34858472 PMCID: PMC8631721 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.742095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional foods are natural products of plants that have health benefits beyond necessary nutrition. Functional foods are abundant in fruits, vegetables, spices, beverages and some are found in cereals, millets, pulses and oilseeds. Efforts to identify functional foods in our diet and their beneficial aspects are limited to few crops. Advances in sequencing and availability of different omics technologies have given opportunity to utilize these tools to enhance the functional components of the foods, thus ensuring the nutritional security. Integrated omics approaches including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics coupled with artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches can be used to improve the crops. This review provides insights into omics studies that are carried out to find the active components and crop improvement by enhancing the functional compounds in different plants including cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, spices, beverages and medicinal plants. There is a need to characterize functional foods that are being used in traditional medicines, as well as utilization of this knowledge to improve the staple foods in order to tackle malnutrition and hunger more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spurthi N. Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - B. Aravind
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Sachin S. Malavalli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - B. S. Sukanth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - R. Poornima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Pushpa Bharati
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Kathleen Hefferon
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chittaranjan Kole
- President, International Phytomedomics and Nutriomics Consortium (ipnc.info), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Naveen Puppala
- New Mexico State University-Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, New Mexico, NM, United States
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Naik S, Gupta P, Ashok L, Poornima R, Shetty R. Combination of trypsin, rutoside, bromelain and diclofenac sodium in the management of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint: A randomized clinical trial. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_45_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kalaiselvi P, Jayashree R, Poornima R. Plant Growth Promoting Bacillus spp. and Paenibacillus alvei on the Growth of Sesuvium portulacastrum for Phytoremediation of Salt Affected Soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Shobhita KC, Shyam NDVN, Preethi P, Poornima R, Priyanka M, Shravani R. Immunohistochemical expression of MUC1 in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.21276/apjhs.2018.5.2.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Deshmukh V, Mankar SP, Muthukumar C, Divahar P, Bharathi A, Thomas HB, Rajurkar A, Sellamuthu R, Poornima R, Senthivel S, Chandra Babu R. Genome-Wide Consistent Molecular Markers Associated with Phenology, Plant Production and Root Traits in Diverse Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Accessions under Drought in Rainfed Target Populations of the Environment. CURR SCI INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i02/329-340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Kiran G, Priyanka M, Poornima R, Shravani R, Shobhita K, Preethi P. Age Estimation by Modified Demirjian’s Method in Children and Adolescents of Hyderabad Population—A Panoramic Study. J Orofac Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_61_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Roopa G, Madhusudhan M, Sunil K, Lisa N, Calvin R, Poornima R, Zeinab N, Kini K, Prakash H, Geetha N. Identification of Taxol-producing endophytic fungi isolated from Salacia oblonga through genomic mining approach. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2015; 13:119-127. [PMID: 30647575 PMCID: PMC6299806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The most promising anti-tumor agent developed in the past three decades is Taxol. It is proven to be effective against many cancers. It is necessary to isolate pharmacologically potent endophytic microbial strains from medicinal plants with special reference to Taxol production. In the current study, endophytic fungi were isolated from the bark of the medicinal plant, Salacia oblonga. The isolated endophytes were identified morphologically, and further characterized by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples, later the products were sequenced for identification and phylogenetic linkage mapping. The samples were screened for the potential to produce Taxol or taxanes, employing PCR. The resulted data have been sequenced to confirm the presence of the two genes implicated in Taxol biosynthesis, 10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-O-acetyl transferase (DBAT) and C-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-CoA acyltransferase (BAPT). Seven samples showed the amplicons of DBAT gene and one showed the amplicons of BAPT gene. Sequencing of these products was carried out, of which one sample has revealed sequence homology to the original DBAT gene from Taxus. The present work confirms and substantiates the potential of genomic mining approach to discover novel Taxol-producing endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Roopa
- Eco-Biotech Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - M.C. Madhusudhan
- DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - K.C.R. Sunil
- Eco-Biotech Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - N. Lisa
- DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - R. Calvin
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - R. Poornima
- DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - N. Zeinab
- Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K.R. Kini
- DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - H.S. Prakash
- DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - N. Geetha
- Eco-Biotech Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
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Muthukumar C, Deshmukh Vivek V, Poornima R, Kavitha S, Gayathri V, Chandra Babu R. Fine mapping of consistent quantitative trait loci for yield under drought stress using rice (Oryza sativa) recombinant inbred lines adapted to rainfed environment. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v109/i5/910-917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Muthukumar C, Deshmukh Vivek V, Poornima R, Kavitha S, Gayathri V, Chandra Babu R. Fine mapping of consistent quantitative trait loci for yield under drought stress using rice (Oryza sativa) recombinant inbred lines adapted to rainfed environment. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/v109/i5/910-917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Background: Liver is one of the most common site of metastases in patients with malignancy and the evaluation of space occupying lesions (SOL) of liver in patients with malignancy is important. Its important to differentiate benign from malignant to take necessary decisions. Materials and Methods: We have performed a retrospective analysis of liver SOLs for which fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in the year 2011. Risks and benefits associated with FNAC were evaluated. Results: We analyzed 755 patients who underwent FNAC of which 524 patients had secondary metastases to liver, 148 patients had primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 cases were benign neoplasms and 53 were nonneoplastic conditions. Histological correlation with FNAC was available in 112 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 93%, 90.9%, 98.9%, 58.8%, and 92.8%, respectively. Though there were no incidence of bleeding, two patients developed track metastases following FNAC. One was a case of Hepatocellular carcinoma and the other a case of metastatic breast cancer. Conclusion: FNAC was very much useful in our setup where most of the patients could not afford for Computer tomography (CT) scan and was useful in counseling them especially in patients with advanced malignancy where no active cancer directed therapy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Challa Vasu Reddy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Y G Basavana Goud
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R Poornima
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Deshmane
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - B A Madhusudhana
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M Gayathridevi
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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22
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Suji KK, Biji KR, Poornima R, Prince KSJ, Amudha K, Kavitha S, Mankar S, Babu RC. Mapping QTLs for plant phenology and production traits using indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines adapted to rainfed environment. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 52:151-60. [PMID: 22198727 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-011-9482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress limiting rice production and yield stability in rainfed ecosystems. Identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) for rice yield and yield components under water limited environments will help to develop drought resilient cultivars using marker assisted breeding (MAB) strategy. A total of 232 recombinant inbred lines of IR62266/Norungan were used to map QTLs for plant phenology and production traits under rainfed condition in target population of environments. A total of 79 QTLs for plant phenology and production traits with phenotypic variation ranging from 4.4 to 72.8% were detected under non-stress and drought stress conditions across two locations. Consistent QTLs for phenology and production traits were detected across experiments and water regimes. The QTL region, RM204-RM197-RM217 on chromosome 6 was linked to days to 50% flowering and grain yield per plant under both rainfed and irrigated conditions. The same genomic region, RM585-RM204-RM197 was also linked to harvest index under rainfed condition with positive alleles from Norungan, a local landrace. QTLs for plant production and drought resistance traits co-located near RM585-RM204-RM197-RM217 region on chromosome 6 in several rice genotypes. Thus with further fine mapping, this region may be useful as a candidate QTL for MAB, map-based cloning of genes and functional genomics studies for rainfed rice improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Suji
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
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23
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Krishnamurthy S, Poornima R, Challa VR, Goud YGB. Triple negative breast cancer - our experience and review. Indian J Surg Oncol 2012; 3:12-6. [PMID: 23449631 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-012-0138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 10-25% of patients with breast cancer. TNBC is an aggressive phenotype affecting younger age groups and has poor prognosis. We retrospectively analysed 50 triple negative breast cancer patients attending our outpatient department among 270 breast cancer patients. The incidence of TNBC was 18.5%, and most of them were premenopausal 56% (28/50) with mean age was 46.66 ± 13.87 (Range 28-72 years). Most of them had Invasive ductal cancer 94% (47/50) and were high grade (Grade 3-96%)(48/50). Five patients presented with metastatic disease (2 patients only Skeletal, 1 patient with Skeletal and Lung, 1 patient with Lung and 1 patient with Liver) and 7 patients developed recurrence (all 7 had chest wall recurrence, 3 had supraclavicular lymph node recurrence, 2 had skeletal metastases and 1 had developed brain metastases) during follow up. The mean disease free survival was 15 months (Range 3-58 months) and overall survival was 20.14 months (Range 5-70 months). Fifty six percent (28/50) of patients were premenopausal and mean age of presentation was 46.66 ± 13.87 years (Range 28-72 years). Ten percent (5/50) presented with metastatic disease and 15% (7/45) developed metastases during follow up. Five patients (10%) died during follow up. Hence, Triple negative breast cancer is aggressive, with rapid progression leading to mortality in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krishnamurthy
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
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24
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Salunkhe AS, Poornima R, Prince KSJ, Kanagaraj P, Sheeba JA, Amudha K, Suji KK, Senthil A, Babu RC. Fine mapping QTL for drought resistance traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using bulk segregant analysis. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 49:90-5. [PMID: 21298364 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-011-9382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major limitation to rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields and its stability, especially in rainfed conditions. Developing rice cultivars with inherent capacity to withstand drought stress would improve rainfed rice production. Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to drought resistance traits will help to develop rice cultivars suitable for water-limited environments through molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) strategy. However, QTL mapping is usually carried out by genotyping large number of progenies, which is labour-intensive, time-consuming and cost-ineffective. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) serves as an affordable strategy for mapping large effect QTLs by genotyping only the extreme phenotypes instead of the entire mapping population. We have previously mapped a QTL linked to leaf rolling and leaf drying in recombinant inbred (RI) lines derived from two locally adapted indica rice ecotypes viz., IR20/Nootripathu using BSA. Fine mapping the QTL will facilitate its application in MAS. BSA was done by bulking DNA of 10 drought-resistant and 12 drought-sensitive RI lines. Out of 343 rice microsatellites markers genotyped, RM8085 co-segregated among the RI lines constituting the respective bulks. RM8085 was mapped in the middle of the QTL region on chromosome 1 previously identified in these RI lines thus reducing the QTL interval from 7.9 to 3.8 cM. Further, the study showed that the region, RM212-RM302-RM8085-RM3825 on chromosome 1, harbours large effect QTLs for drought-resistance traits across several genetic backgrounds in rice. Thus, the QTL may be useful for drought resistance improvement in rice through MAS and map-based cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvindkumar Shivaji Salunkhe
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India
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