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Kumar M, Francisco JS. Reactions of Criegee Intermediates with Non-Water Greenhouse Gases: Implications for Metal Free Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4206-4213. [PMID: 28825826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-level theoretical calculations suggest that a Criegee intermediate preferably interacts with carbon dioxide compared to two other greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide and methane. The results also suggest that the interaction between Criegee intermediates and carbon dioxide involves a cycloaddition reaction, which results in the formation of a cyclic carbonate-type adduct with a barrier of 6.0-14.0 kcal/mol. These results are in contrast to a previous assumption that the reaction occurs barrierlessly. The subsequent decomposition of the cyclic adduct into formic acid and carbon dioxide follows both concerted and stepwise mechanisms. The latter mechanism has been overlooked previously. Under formic acid catalysis, the concerted decomposition of the cyclic carbonate may be favored under tropospheric conditions. Considering that there is a strong nexus between carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and global warming, the high reactivity of Criegee intermediates could be utilized for designing efficient carbon capture technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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2
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Are the Fenno-Scandinavian Arctic Wetlands a Significant Regional Source of Formic Acid? ATMOSPHERE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos8070112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Chaliyakunnel S, Millet DB, Wells KC, Cady-Pereira KE, Shephard MW. A Large Underestimate of Formic Acid from Tropical Fires: Constraints from Space-Borne Measurements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:5631-40. [PMID: 27149080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Formic acid (HCOOH) is one of the most abundant carboxylic acids and a dominant source of atmospheric acidity. Recent work indicates a major gap in the HCOOH budget, with atmospheric concentrations much larger than expected from known sources. Here, we employ recent space-based observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer with the GEOS-Chem atmospheric model to better quantify the HCOOH source from biomass burning, and assess whether fire emissions can help close the large budget gap for this species. The space-based data reveal a severe model HCOOH underestimate most prominent over tropical burning regions, suggesting a major missing source of organic acids from fires. We develop an approach for inferring the fractional fire contribution to ambient HCOOH and find, based on measurements over Africa, that pyrogenic HCOOH:CO enhancement ratios are much higher than expected from direct emissions alone, revealing substantial secondary organic acid production in fire plumes. Current models strongly underestimate (by 10 ± 5 times) the total primary and secondary HCOOH source from African fires. If a 10-fold bias were to extend to fires in other regions, biomass burning could produce 14 Tg/a of HCOOH in the tropics or 16 Tg/a worldwide. However, even such an increase would only represent 15-20% of the total required HCOOH source, implying the existence of other larger missing sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaliyakunnel
- University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - D B Millet
- University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - K C Wells
- University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - K E Cady-Pereira
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research , Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - M W Shephard
- Environment and Climate Change Canada , Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
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4
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Kumar M, Francisco JS. Red-Light Initiated Decomposition of α-Hydroxy Methylperoxy Radical in the Presence of Organic and Inorganic Acids: Implications for the HOx Formation in the Lower Stratosphere. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2677-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Kumar M, Francisco JS. Hydrogen Sulfide Induced Carbon Dioxide Activation by Metal-Free Dual Catalysis. Chemistry 2016; 22:4359-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588 USA
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6
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Ghoshal S, Hazra MK. Impact of OH Radical-Initiated H2CO3 Degradation in the Earth’s Atmosphere via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:562-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b08805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghoshal
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700 064, India
| | - Montu K. Hazra
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700 064, India
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Kumar M, Francisco JS. The Role of Catalysis in Alkanediol Decomposition: Implications for General Detection of Alkanediols and Their Formation in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9821-33. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Louie MK, Francisco JS, Verdicchio M, Klippenstein SJ, Sinha A. Hydrolysis of Ketene Catalyzed by Formic Acid: Modification of Reaction Mechanism, Energetics, and Kinetics with Organic Acid Catalysis. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4347-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5076725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Louie
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Marco Verdicchio
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4837, United States
| | - Stephen J. Klippenstein
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4837, United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, United States
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Ghoshal S, Hazra MK. H2CO3→ CO2+ H2O decomposition in the presence of H2O, HCOOH, CH3COOH, H2SO4and HO2radical: instability of the gas-phase H2CO3molecule in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic acid decomposition of potential atmospheric significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghoshal
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700 064
- India
| | - Montu K. Hazra
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700 064
- India
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Cady-Pereira KE, Chaliyakunnel S, Shephard MW, Millet DB, Luo M, Wells KC. HCOOH measurements from space: TES retrieval algorithm and observed global distribution. ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 2014; 7:2297-2311. [PMID: 33717364 PMCID: PMC7954082 DOI: 10.5194/amt-7-2297-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Presented is a detailed description of the TES (Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer)-Aura satellite formic acid (HCOOH) retrieval algorithm and initial results quantifying the global distribution of tropospheric HCOOH. The retrieval strategy, including the optimal estimation methodology, spectral microwindows, a priori constraints, and initial guess information, are provided. A comprehensive error and sensitivity analysis is performed in order to characterize the retrieval performance, degrees of freedom for signal, vertical resolution, and limits of detection. These results show that the TES HCOOH retrievals (i) typically provide at best 1.0 pieces of information; (ii) have the most vertical sensitivity in the range from 900 to 600 hPa with ~2 km vertical resolution; (iii) require at least 0.5 ppbv (parts per billion by volume) of HCOOH for detection if thermal contrast is greater than 5 K, and higher concentrations as thermal contrast decreases; and (iv) based on an ensemble of simulated retrievals, are unbiased with a standard deviation of ±0.4 ppbv. The relative spatial distribution of tropospheric HCOOH derived from TES and its associated seasonality are broadly correlated with predictions from a state-of-the-science chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM). However, TES HCOOH is generally higher than is predicted by GEOS-Chem, and this is in agreement with recent work pointing to a large missing source of atmospheric HCOOH. The model bias is especially pronounced in summertime and over biomass burning regions, implicating biogenic emissions and fires as key sources of the missing atmospheric HCOOH in the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. E. Cady-Pereira
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - D. B. Millet
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - M. Luo
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - K. C. Wells
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Hazra MK, Francisco JS, Sinha A. Hydrolysis of Glyoxal in Water-Restricted Environments: Formation of Organic Aerosol Precursors through Formic Acid Catalysis. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:4095-105. [DOI: 10.1021/jp502126m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montu K. Hazra
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, United States
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Hazra MK, Francisco JS, Sinha A. Gas Phase Hydrolysis of Formaldehyde To Form Methanediol: Impact of Formic Acid Catalysis. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11704-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4008043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montu K. Hazra
- Chemical Sciences
Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar,
Kolkata-700064, India
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
92093-0314, United States
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13
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Alvarado MJ, Cady-Pereira KE, Xiao Y, Millet DB, Payne VH. Emission Ratios for Ammonia and Formic Acid and Observations of Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate (PAN) and Ethylene in Biomass Burning Smoke as Seen by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES). ATMOSPHERE 2011; 2:633-654. [PMID: 33758673 PMCID: PMC7983869 DOI: 10.3390/atmos2040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We use the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) aboard the NASA Aura satellite to determine the concentrations of the trace gases ammonia (NH3) and formic acid (HCOOH) within boreal biomass burning plumes, and present the first detection of peroxy acetyl nitrate (PAN) and ethylene (C2H4) by TES. We focus on two fresh Canadian plumes observed by TES in the summer of 2008 as part of the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS-B) campaign. We use TES retrievals of NH3 and HCOOH within the smoke plumes to calculate their emission ratios (1.0% ± 0.5% and 0.31% ± 0.21%, respectively) relative to CO for these Canadian fires. The TES derived emission ratios for these gases agree well with previous aircraft and satellite estimates, and can complement ground-based studies that have greater surface sensitivity. We find that TES observes PAN mixing ratios of ~2 ppb within these mid-tropospheric boreal biomass burning plumes when the average cloud optical depth is low (<0.1) and that TES can detect C2H4 mixing ratios of ~2 ppb in fresh biomass burning smoke plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yaping Xiao
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER), Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Dylan B. Millet
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455-0213, USA
| | - Vivienne H. Payne
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER), Lexington, MA 02421, USA
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Hazra MK, Sinha A. Formic Acid Catalyzed Hydrolysis of SO3 in the Gas Phase: A Barrierless Mechanism for Sulfuric Acid Production of Potential Atmospheric Importance. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17444-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ja207393v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montu K. Hazra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, United States
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Paulot F, Wunch D, Crounse JD, Toon GC, Millet DB, DeCarlo PF, Vigouroux C, Deutscher NM, González Abad G, Notholt J, Warneke T, Hannigan JW, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, Dunlea EJ, De Mazière M, Griffith DWT, Bernath P, Jimenez JL, Wennberg PO. Importance of secondary sources in the atmospheric budgets of formic and acetic acids. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2011; 11:1989-2013. [PMID: 33758586 PMCID: PMC7983864 DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-1989-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed budget of formic and acetic acids, two of the most abundant trace gases in the atmosphere. Our bottom-up estimate of the global source of formic and acetic acids are ∼1200 and ∼1400Gmolyr-1, dominated by photochemical oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds, in particular isoprene. Their sinks are dominated by wet and dry deposition. We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to evaluate this budget against an extensive suite of measurements from ground, ship and satellite-based Fourier transform spectrometers, as well as from several aircraft campaigns over North America. The model captures the seasonality of formic and acetic acids well but generally underestimates their concentration, particularly in the Northern midlatitudes. We infer that the source of both carboxylic acids may be up to 50% greater than our estimate and report evidence for a long-lived missing secondary source of carboxylic acids that may be associated with the aging of organic aerosols. Vertical profiles of formic acid in the upper troposphere support a negative temperature dependence of the reaction between formic acid and the hydroxyl radical as suggested by several theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Paulot
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - D. Wunch
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - J. D. Crounse
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - G. C. Toon
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - D. B. Millet
- University of Minnesota, Department of Soil, Water and Climate, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - P. F. DeCarlo
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - C. Vigouroux
- Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N. M. Deutscher
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - J. Notholt
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Bremen, Germany
| | - T. Warneke
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Bremen, Germany
| | - J. W. Hannigan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - C. Warneke
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J. A. de Gouw
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - E. J. Dunlea
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M. De Mazière
- Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. W. T. Griffith
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - P. Bernath
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - J. L. Jimenez
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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