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Zhang Y, Wang S, Kang P, Sun C, Yang W, Wang M, Yin S, Zhang R. Atmospheric H 2O 2 during haze episodes in a Chinese megacity: Concentration, source, and implication on sulfate production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174391. [PMID: 38955272 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as an important oxidant, plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry. To reveal its characteristics in polluted areas, comprehensive observations were conducted in Zhengzhou, China from February 22 to March 4, 2019, including heavy pollution days (HP) and light pollution days (LP). High NO concentrations (18 ± 26 ppbv) were recorded in HP, preventing the recombination reaction of two HO2• radicals. Surprisingly, higher concentrations of H2O2 were observed in HP (1.5 ± 0.6 ppbv) than those in LP (1.2 ± 0.6 ppbv). In addition to low wind speed and relative humidity, the elevated H2O2 in HP could be mainly attributed to intensified particle-phase photoreactions and biomass burning. In terms of sulfate formation, transition-metal ions (TMI)-catalyzed oxidation emerged as the predominant oxidant pathway in both HP and LP. Note that the average H2O2 oxidation rate increased from 3.6 × 10-2 in LP to 1.1 × 10-1 μg m-3 h-1 in HP. Moreover, the oxidation by H2O2 might exceed that of TMI catalysis under specific conditions, emerging as the primary driver of sulfate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shenbo Wang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Panru Kang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chuifu Sun
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mingkai Wang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shasha Yin
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Wang T, Li K, Bell DM, Zhang J, Cui T, Surdu M, Baltensperger U, Slowik JG, Lamkaddam H, El Haddad I, Prevot ASH. Large contribution of in-cloud production of secondary organic aerosol from biomass burning emissions. NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE 2024; 7:149. [PMID: 38938472 PMCID: PMC11199137 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Organic compounds released from wildfires and residential biomass burning play a crucial role in shaping the composition of the atmosphere. The solubility and subsequent reactions of these compounds in the aqueous phase of clouds and fog remain poorly understood. Nevertheless, these compounds have the potential to become an important source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this study, we simulated the aqueous SOA (aqSOA) from residential wood burning emissions under atmospherically relevant conditions of gas-liquid phase partitioning, using a wetted-wall flow reactor (WFR). We analyzed and quantified the specific compounds present in these emissions at a molecular level and determined their solubility in clouds. Our findings reveal that while 1% of organic compounds are fully water-soluble, 19% exhibit moderate solubility and can partition into the aqueous phase in a thick cloud. Furthermore, it is found that the aqSOA generated in our laboratory experiments has a substantial fraction being attributed to the formation of oligomers in the aqueous phase. We also determined an aqSOA yield of 20% from residential wood combustion, which surpasses current estimates based on gas-phase oxidation. These results indicate that in-cloud chemistry of organic gases emitted from wood burning can serve as an efficient pathway to produce organic aerosols, thus potentially influencing climate and air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Kun Li
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Present Address: Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - David M. Bell
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jun Zhang
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tianqu Cui
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Mihnea Surdu
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Urs Baltensperger
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jay G. Slowik
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Houssni Lamkaddam
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Imad El Haddad
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Andre S. H. Prevot
- PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Karim I, Rappenglück B. Impact of Covid-19 lockdown regulations on PM 2.5 and trace gases (NO 2, SO 2, CH 4, HCHO, C 2H 2O 2 and O 3) over Lahore, Pakistan. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (OXFORD, ENGLAND : 1994) 2023; 303:119746. [PMID: 37016698 PMCID: PMC10062718 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic altered the human mobility and economic activities immensely, as authorities enforced unprecedented lock down regulations. In order to reduce the spread of COVID-19, a complete lockdown was observed between 24 March - 31 May 2020 in Pakistan. This paper aims at investigating the PM2.5, AOD and column amounts of six trace gases (NO2, SO2, CH4, HCHO, C2H2O2, and O3) by comparing periods of reduced emissions during lockdown periods with reference periods without emission reductions over Lahore, Pakistan. HYSPLIT cluster trajectory analyses were performed, which confirmed similar meteorological flow conditions during lockdown and reference periods. This provides confidence that any change in air quality conditions would be due to changes in human activities and associated emissions. The results show about 38% reduction in ambient surface PM2.5 levels during the lockdown period. This change also positively correlated with MODISDB and AERONETAOD data with a decrease of AOD by 42% and 35%, respectively. Reductions for tropospheric columns of NO2 and SO2 were about 20% and 50%, respectively during a semi lockdown period, while no reduction in the CH4, C2H2O2, HCHO and O3 levels occurred. During the lockdown period NO2, O3 and CH4 were about 50%, 45% and 25% lower, respectively, but no reduction in SO2, C2H2O2 and HCHO levels were noticed compared to the reference lockdown period for Lahore. HYSPLIT cluster trajectory analysis revealed the greatest impact on Lahore air quality through local emissions and regional transport from the east (agricultural burning and industry).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Karim
- University of Houston, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Rappenglück
- University of Houston, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Houston, TX, USA
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4
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Ye C, Xue C, Liu P, Zhang C, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu J, Lu K, Mu Y. Strong impacts of biomass burning, nitrogen fertilization, and fine particles on gas-phase hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156997. [PMID: 35777574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry as an indicator of the atmospheric oxidizing capacity. It is also a vital oxidant of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the aqueous phase, resulting in the formation of acid precipitation and sulfate aerosol. However, sources of H2O2 are not fully understood especially in polluted areas affected by human activities. In this study, we reported some high H2O2 cases observed during one summer and two winter campaigns conducted at a polluted rural site in the North China Plain. Our results showed that agricultural fires led to high H2O2 concentrations up to 9 ppb, indicating biomass burning events contributed substantially to primary H2O2 emission. In addition, elevated H2O2 and O3 concentrations were measured after fertilization as a consequence of the enhanced atmospheric oxidizing capacity by soil HONO emission. Furthermore, H2O2 exhibited unexpectedly high concentration under high NOx conditions in winter, which are closely related to multiphase reactions in particles involving organic chromophores. Our findings suggest that these special factors (biomass burning, fertilization, and ambient particles), which are not well considered in current models, are significant contributors to H2O2 production, thereby affecting the regional atmospheric oxidizing capacity and the global sulfate aerosol formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Ye
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chaoyang Xue
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS - Université Orléans - CNES, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenglong Zhang
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuobiao Ma
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengtang Liu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keding Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujing Mu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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5
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Zhang S, Wang S, Xue R, Zhu J, Tanvir A, Li D, Zhou B. Impact Assessment of COVID-19 Lockdown on Vertical Distributions of NO 2 and HCHO From MAX-DOAS Observations and Machine Learning Models. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2022; 127:e2021JD036377. [PMID: 36245640 PMCID: PMC9538289 DOI: 10.1029/2021jd036377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic led to major reductions on air pollutant emissions in modern history. To date, there has been no comprehensive assessment for the impact of lockdowns on the vertical distributions of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO). Based on profiles from 0 to 2 km retrieved by Multi-AXis-Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy observation and a large volume of real-time data at a suburb site in Shanghai, China, four types of machine learning models were developed and compared, including multiple linear regression, support vector machine, bagged trees (BT), and artificial neural network. Ultimately BT model was employed to reproduce NO2 and HCHO profiles with the best performance. Predictions with different meteorological and surface pollution scenarios were conducted from 2017 to 2019, for assessing the corresponding impacts on the changes of NO2 and HCHO profiles during COVID-19 lockdown. The simulations illustrate that the NO2 decreased in 2020 by 43.8%, 45.5%, and 44.6%, relative to 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. For HCHO, the lockdown-induced situation presented the declines of 28.6%, 32.1%, and 10.9%, respectively. In the comparisons of vertical distributions, NO2 maintained decreasing at all altitudes, while HCHO decreased at low altitudes and increased at high altitudes. During COVID-19 lockdown, the reduction of NO2 and HCHO from the variation of surface pollutants was dominated below 0.5 km, while the relevant meteorological factors played a more significant role above 0.5 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanbao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Eco‐Chongming (IEC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Ruibin Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aimon Tanvir
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Danran Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Eco‐Chongming (IEC)ShanghaiChina
- Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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6
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Liu C, Hu Q, Zhang C, Xia C, Yin H, Su W, Wang X, Xu Y, Zhang Z. First Chinese ultraviolet-visible hyperspectral satellite instrument implicating global air quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:28. [PMID: 35110522 PMCID: PMC8809219 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments worldwide imposed lockdown measures in early 2020, resulting in notable reductions in air pollutant emissions. The changes in air quality during the pandemic have been investigated in numerous studies via satellite observations. Nevertheless, no relevant research has been gathered using Chinese satellite instruments, because the poor spectral quality makes it extremely difficult to retrieve data from the spectra of the Environmental Trace Gases Monitoring Instrument (EMI), the first Chinese satellite-based ultraviolet-visible spectrometer monitoring air pollutants. However, through a series of remote sensing algorithm optimizations from spectral calibration to retrieval, we successfully retrieved global gaseous pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and formaldehyde (HCHO), from EMI during the pandemic. The abrupt drop in NO2 successfully captured the time for each city when effective measures were implemented to prevent the spread of the pandemic, for example, in January 2020 in Chinese cities, February in Seoul, and March in Tokyo and various cities across Europe and America. Furthermore, significant decreases in HCHO in Wuhan, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Seoul indicated that the majority of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions were anthropogenic. Contrastingly, the lack of evident reduction in Beijing and New Delhi suggested dominant natural sources of VOCs. By comparing the relative variation of NO2 to gross domestic product (GDP), we found that the COVID-19 pandemic had more influence on the secondary industry in China, while on the primary and tertiary industries in Korea and the countries across Europe and America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Qihou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, China.
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Congzi Xia
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjing Su
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
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Corkish TR, Haakansson CT, Watson PD, McKinley AJ, Wild DA. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Structures of X - ⋅⋅⋅CH 2 O (X=F, Cl, Br, I) Complexes. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:69-75. [PMID: 33184977 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A combined experimental and theoretical approach has been used to investigate X- ⋅⋅⋅CH2 O (X=F, Cl, Br, I) complexes in the gas phase. Photoelectron spectroscopy, in tandem with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, has been used to determine electron binding energies for the Cl- ⋅⋅⋅CH2 O, Br- ⋅⋅⋅CH2 O, and I- ⋅⋅⋅CH2 O species. Additionally, high-level CCSD(T) calculations found a C2v minimum for these three anion complexes, with predicted electron detachment energies in excellent agreement with the experimental photoelectron spectra. F- ⋅⋅⋅CH2 O was also studied theoretically, with a Cs hydrogen-bonded complex found to be the global minimum. Calculations extended to neutral X⋅⋅⋅CH2 O complexes, with the results of potential interest to atmospheric CH2 O chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Corkish
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Christian T Haakansson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Peter D Watson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Allan J McKinley
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Duncan A Wild
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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8
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Mishra AK, Sinha V. Emission drivers and variability of ambient isoprene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in north-west India during monsoon season. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115538. [PMID: 33254592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Isoprene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are important reactive organic compounds which strongly impact atmospheric oxidation processes and formation of tropospheric ozone. Monsoon meteorology and the topography of Himalayan foothills cause surface emissions to get rapidly transported both horizontally and vertically, thereby influencing atmospheric processes in distant regions. Further in monsoon, Indo-Gangetic Plain is a major rice growing region of the world and daytime hourly ozone can frequently exceed phytotoxic dose of 40 ppb O3. However, the sources and ambient variability of these compounds which are potent ozone precursors are unknown. Here, we investigate the sources and photochemical processes driving their emission/formation during monsoon season from a sub-urban site at the foothills of the Himalayas. The measurements were performed in July, August and September using a high sensitivity mass spectrometer. Average ambient mixing ratios (±1σ variability) of isoprene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and the sum of methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein (MVK+MACR), were 1.4 ± 0.3 ppb, 5.7 ± 0.9 ppb, 4.5 ± 2.0 ppb, 0.75 ± 0.3 ppb, respectively, and much higher than summertime values in May. For isoprene these values were comparable to mixing ratios observed over tropical forests. Surprisingly, despite occurrence of anthropogenic emissions, biogenic emissions were found to be the major source of isoprene with peak daytime isoprene driven by temperature (r ≥ 0.8) and solar radiation. Photo-oxidation of precursor hydrocarbons were the main sources of acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and MVK+MACR. Ambient mixing ratios of all the compounds correlated poorly with acetonitrile (r ≤ 0.2), a chemical tracer for biomass burning suggesting negligible influence of biomass burning during monsoon season. Our results suggest that during monsoon season when radiation and rain are no longer limiting factors and convective activity causes surface emissions to be transported to upper atmosphere, biogenic emissions can significantly impact the remote upper atmosphere, climate and ozone affecting rice yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - V Sinha
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India.
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9
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Lockhart JP, Gross EC, Sears TJ, Hall GE. Investigating the photodissociation of H2O2 using frequency modulation laser absorption spectroscopy to monitor radical products. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Top-down synthesis strategies: Maximum noble-metal atom efficiency in catalytic materials. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Lui KH, Dai WT, Chan CS, Tian L, Ning BF, Zhou Y, Song X, Wang B, Li J, Cao JJ, Lee SC, Ho KF. Cancer risk from gaseous carbonyl compounds in indoor environment generated from household coal combustion in Xuanwei, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:17500-17510. [PMID: 28593548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Airborne carbonyls were characterized from emitted indoor coal combustion. Samples were collected in Xuanwei (Yunnan Province), a region in China with a high rate of lung cancer. Eleven of 19 types of samples (58%) demonstrated formaldehyde concentrations higher than the World Health Organization exposure limit (a 30-min average of 100 μg m-3). Different positive significant correlations between glyoxal/methylglyoxal and formaldehyde/acetaldehyde concentrations were observed, suggesting possible different characteristics in emissions between two pairs of carbonyl compounds. A sample in the highest inhalation risk shows 29.2 times higher risk than the lowest sample, suggesting different coal sampling locations could contribute to the variation of inhalation risk. Inhabitants in Xuanwei also tend to spend more time cooking and more days per year indoors than the national average. The calculated cancer risk ranged from 2.2-63 × 10-5, which shows 13 types of samples at high-risk level. Cumulative effect in combination with different carbonyls could have contributed to the additive actual inhalation cancer risk. There is a need to explicitly address the health effects of environmentally relevant doses, considering life-long exposure in indoor dwellings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Hei Lui
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Ting Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| | - Chi-Sing Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linwei Tian
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo-Fu Ning
- Xuanwei City Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Chronic Non-infectious Disease Control Department, Xuanwei, 655400, China
| | - Yiping Zhou
- Coal Geology Prospecting Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650218, China
| | - Xiaolin Song
- Coal Geology Prospecting Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650218, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jinwen Li
- Coal Geology Prospecting Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650218, China
| | - Jun-Ji Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shun-Cheng Lee
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Research Center of Urban Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin-Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, China.
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12
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Thapa B, Schlegel HB. Improved pK a Prediction of Substituted Alcohols, Phenols, and Hydroperoxides in Aqueous Medium Using Density Functional Theory and a Cluster-Continuum Solvation Model. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4698-4706. [PMID: 28564543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b03907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acid dissociation constants (pKa's) are key physicochemical properties that are needed to understand the structure and reactivity of molecules in solution. Theoretical pKa's have been calculated for a set of 72 organic compounds with -OH and -OOH groups (48 with known experimental pKa's). This test set includes 17 aliphatic alcohols, 25 substituted phenols, and 30 hydroperoxides. Calculations in aqueous medium have been carried out with SMD implicit solvation and three hybrid DFT functionals (B3LYP, ωB97XD, and M06-2X) with two basis sets (6-31+G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p)). The effect of explicit water molecules on calculated pKa's was assessed by including up to three water molecules. pKa's calculated with only SMD implicit solvation are found to have average errors greater than 6 pKa units. Including one explicit water reduces the error by about 3 pKa units, but the error is still far from chemical accuracy. With B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) and three explicit water molecules in SMD solvation, the mean signed error and standard deviation are only -0.02 ± 0.55; a linear fit with zero intercept has a slope of 1.005 and R2 = 0.97. Thus, this level of theory can be used to calculate pKa's directly without the need for linear correlations or thermodynamic cycles. Estimated pKa values are reported for 24 hydroperoxides that have not yet been determined experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Thapa
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - H Bernhard Schlegel
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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13
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Chen Y, Tian G, Zhou M, Huang Z, Lu C, Hu P, Gao J, Zhang Z, Tang X. Catalytic Control of Typical Particulate Matters and Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions from Simulated Biomass Burning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:5825-5831. [PMID: 27128185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of particulate matters (PMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from open burning of biomass often cause severe air pollution; a viable approach is to allow biomass to burn in a furnace to collectively control these emissions, but practical control technologies for this purpose are lacking. Here, we report a hollandite manganese oxide (HMO) catalyst that can efficiently control both typical PMs and VOCs emissions from biomass burning. The results reveal that typical alkali-rich PMs such as KCl particles are disintegrated and the K(+) ions are trapped in the HMO "single-walled" tunnels with a great trapping capacity. The K(+)-trapping HMO increases the electron density of the lattice oxygen and the redox ability, thus promoting the combustion of soot PMs and the oxidation of typical VOCs such as aldehydes and acetylates. This could pave a way to control emissions from biomass burning concomitant with its utilization for energy or heat generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Chen
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guangkai Tian
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Meijuan Zhou
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiayi Gao
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan , Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Xingfu Tang
- Institute of Atmosphere Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET) , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044, China
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14
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Wolfe GM, Kaiser J, Hanisco TF, Keutsch FN, de Gouw JA, Gilman JB, Graus M, Hatch CD, Holloway J, Horowitz LW, Lee BH, Lerner BM, Lopez-Hilifiker F, Mao J, Marvin MR, Peischl J, Pollack IB, Roberts JM, Ryerson TB, Thornton JA, Veres PR, Warneke C. Formaldehyde production from isoprene oxidation across NO x regimes. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2016; 16:2597-2610. [PMID: 29619046 PMCID: PMC5879783 DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-2597-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The chemical link between isoprene and formaldehyde (HCHO) is a strong, non-linear function of NOx (= NO + NO2). This relationship is a linchpin for top-down isoprene emission inventory verification from orbital HCHO column observations. It is also a benchmark for overall photochemical mechanism performance with regard to VOC oxidation. Using a comprehensive suite of airborne in situ observations over the Southeast U.S., we quantify HCHO production across the urban-rural spectrum. Analysis of isoprene and its major first-generation oxidation products allows us to define both a "prompt" yield of HCHO (molecules of HCHO produced per molecule of freshly-emitted isoprene) and the background HCHO mixing ratio (from oxidation of longer-lived hydrocarbons). Over the range of observed NOx values (roughly 0.1 - 2 ppbv), the prompt yield increases by a factor of 3 (from 0.3 to 0.9 ppbv ppbv-1), while background HCHO increases by a factor of 2 (from 1.6 to 3.3 ppbv). We apply the same method to evaluate the performance of both a global chemical transport model (AM3) and a measurement-constrained 0-D steady state box model. Both models reproduce the NOx dependence of the prompt HCHO yield, illustrating that models with updated isoprene oxidation mechanisms can adequately capture the link between HCHO and recent isoprene emissions. On the other hand, both models under-estimate background HCHO mixing ratios, suggesting missing HCHO precursors, inadequate representation of later-generation isoprene degradation and/or under-estimated hydroxyl radical concentrations. Detailed process rates from the box model simulation demonstrate a 3-fold increase in HCHO production across the range of observed NOx values, driven by a 100% increase in OH and a 40% increase in branching of organic peroxy radical reactions to produce HCHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Wolfe
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J. Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T. F. Hanisco
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F. N. Keutsch
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J. A. de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J. B. Gilman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M. Graus
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C. D. Hatch
- Department of Chemistry, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA
| | - J. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - L. W. Horowitz
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - B. H. Lee
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B. M. Lerner
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - F. Lopez-Hilifiker
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J. Mao
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - M. R. Marvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J. Peischl
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - I. B. Pollack
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J. M. Roberts
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T. B. Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J. A. Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P. R. Veres
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C. Warneke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
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15
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Wolfe GM, Kaiser J, Hanisco TF, Keutsch FN, de Gouw JA, Gilman JB, Graus M, Hatch CD, Holloway J, Horowitz LW, Lee BH, Lerner BM, Lopez-Hilifiker F, Mao J, Marvin MR, Peischl J, Pollack IB, Roberts JM, Ryerson TB, Thornton JA, Veres PR, Warneke C. Formaldehyde production from isoprene oxidation across NO x regimes. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2016. [PMID: 29619046 DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-2597-] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The chemical link between isoprene and formaldehyde (HCHO) is a strong, non-linear function of NOx (= NO + NO2). This relationship is a linchpin for top-down isoprene emission inventory verification from orbital HCHO column observations. It is also a benchmark for overall photochemical mechanism performance with regard to VOC oxidation. Using a comprehensive suite of airborne in situ observations over the Southeast U.S., we quantify HCHO production across the urban-rural spectrum. Analysis of isoprene and its major first-generation oxidation products allows us to define both a "prompt" yield of HCHO (molecules of HCHO produced per molecule of freshly-emitted isoprene) and the background HCHO mixing ratio (from oxidation of longer-lived hydrocarbons). Over the range of observed NOx values (roughly 0.1 - 2 ppbv), the prompt yield increases by a factor of 3 (from 0.3 to 0.9 ppbv ppbv-1), while background HCHO increases by a factor of 2 (from 1.6 to 3.3 ppbv). We apply the same method to evaluate the performance of both a global chemical transport model (AM3) and a measurement-constrained 0-D steady state box model. Both models reproduce the NOx dependence of the prompt HCHO yield, illustrating that models with updated isoprene oxidation mechanisms can adequately capture the link between HCHO and recent isoprene emissions. On the other hand, both models under-estimate background HCHO mixing ratios, suggesting missing HCHO precursors, inadequate representation of later-generation isoprene degradation and/or under-estimated hydroxyl radical concentrations. Detailed process rates from the box model simulation demonstrate a 3-fold increase in HCHO production across the range of observed NOx values, driven by a 100% increase in OH and a 40% increase in branching of organic peroxy radical reactions to produce HCHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Wolfe
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T F Hanisco
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F N Keutsch
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J A de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J B Gilman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Graus
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C D Hatch
- Department of Chemistry, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA
| | - J Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - L W Horowitz
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - B H Lee
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B M Lerner
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - F Lopez-Hilifiker
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J Mao
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - M R Marvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J Peischl
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - I B Pollack
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J M Roberts
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T B Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J A Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P R Veres
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C Warneke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
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16
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Xu F, Huang Z, Hu P, Chen Y, Zheng L, Gao J, Tang X. The promotion effect of isolated potassium atoms with hybridized orbitals in catalytic oxidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9888-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02476e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promotion effect of isolated potassium atoms in catalytic oxidation was investigated by studying their geometric and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Pingping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Research & Development Center for Functional Crystals
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Jiayi Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Xingfu Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution & Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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17
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Francisco JS, Eisfeld W. Atmospheric Oxidation Mechanism of Hydroxymethyl Hydroperoxide. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:7593-600. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901735z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, Theoretische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Eisfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, Theoretische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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18
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Johnson TJ, Sams RL, Burton SD, Blake TA. Absolute integrated intensities of vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the mid-infrared at atmospheric pressure. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:377-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Fried A, Walega JG, Olson JR, Crawford JH, Chen G, Weibring P, Richter D, Roller C, Tittel FK, Heikes BG, Snow JA, Shen H, O'Sullivan DW, Porter M, Fuelberg H, Halland J, Millet DB. Formaldehyde over North America and the North Atlantic during the summer 2004 INTEX campaign: Methods, observed distributions, and measurement-model comparisons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Mu Y, Pang X, Quan J, Zhang X. Atmospheric carbonyl compounds in Chinese background area: A remote mountain of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Snow JA, Heikes BG, Shen H, O'Sullivan DW, Fried A, Walega J. Hydrogen peroxide, methyl hydroperoxide, and formaldehyde over North America and the North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Fry JL, Matthews J, Lane JR, Roehl CM, Sinha A, Kjaergaard HG, Wennberg PO. OH-Stretch Vibrational Spectroscopy of Hydroxymethyl Hydroperoxide. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:7072-9. [PMID: 16737255 DOI: 10.1021/jp0612127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report measurement and analysis of the photodissociation spectrum of hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HOCH(2)OOH) and its partially deuterated analogue, HOCD(2)OOH, in the OH-stretching region. Spectra are obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the 1nu(OH) and 2nu(OH) regions, and by laser induced fluorescence detection of the OH fragment produced from dissociation of HOCH(2)OOH initiated by excitation of the 4nu(OH) and 5nu(OH) overtone regions (action spectroscopy). A one-dimensional local-mode model of each OH chromophore is used with ab initio calculated OH-stretching potential energy and dipole moment curves at the coupled-cluster level of theory. Major features in the observed absorption and photodissociation spectra are explained by our local-mode model. In the 4nu(OH) region, explanation of the photodissocation spectrum requires a nonuniform quantum yield, which is estimated by assuming statistical energy distribution in the excited state. Based on the estimated dissociation threshold, overtone photodissociation is not expected to significantly influence the atmospheric lifetime of hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane L Fry
- Arthur Amos Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 91125, USA
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23
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Olson JR. Testing fast photochemical theory during TRACE-P based on measurements of OH, HO2, and CH2O. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Reeves
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
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25
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Yokelson RJ, Bertschi IT, Christian TJ, Hobbs PV, Ward DE, Hao WM. Trace gas measurements in nascent, aged, and cloud-processed smoke from African savanna fires by airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (AFTIR). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac T. Bertschi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Ted J. Christian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Peter V. Hobbs
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Darold E. Ward
- Fire Sciences Laboratory; USDA Forest Service; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Wei Min Hao
- Fire Sciences Laboratory; USDA Forest Service; Missoula Montana USA
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26
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Wert BP, Trainer M, Fried A, Ryerson TB, Henry B, Potter W, Angevine WM, Atlas E, Donnelly SG, Fehsenfeld FC, Frost GJ, Goldan PD, Hansel A, Holloway JS, Hubler G, Kuster WC, Nicks DK, Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Schauffler S, Stutz J, Sueper DT, Wiedinmyer C, Wisthaler A. Signatures of terminal alkene oxidation in airborne formaldehyde measurements during TexAQS 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Wert
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Fried
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. B. Ryerson
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. Henry
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. Potter
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. M. Angevine
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Atlas
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. G. Donnelly
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. J. Frost
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. D. Goldan
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Hansel
- Institute for Ionphysics; University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Hubler
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. C. Kuster
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. K. Nicks
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. A. Neuman
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. Schauffler
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Stutz
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - D. T. Sueper
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Wiedinmyer
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Wisthaler
- Institute for Ionphysics; University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
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27
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Snow JA. Winter-spring evolution and variability of HOxreservoir species, hydrogen peroxide, and methyl hydroperoxide, in the northern middle to high latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Fried A. Airborne tunable diode laser measurements of formaldehyde during TRACE-P: Distributions and box model comparisons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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