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Miller UK, Zappa CJ, Gordon AL, Yoon ST, Stevens C, Lee WS. High Salinity Shelf Water production rates in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea from high-resolution salinity observations. Nat Commun 2024; 15:373. [PMID: 38228621 PMCID: PMC10791653 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) formed in the Ross Sea of Antarctica is a precursor to Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), a water mass that constitutes the bottom limb of the global overturning circulation. HSSW production rates are poorly constrained, as in-situ observations are scarce. Here, we present high-vertical-and-temporal-resolution salinity time series collected in austral winter 2017 from a mooring in Terra Nova Bay (TNB), one of two major sites of HSSW production in the Ross Sea. We calculate an annual-average HSSW production rate of ~0.4 Sv (106 m3 s-1), which we use to ground truth additional estimates across 2012-2021 made from parametrized net surface heat fluxes. We find sub-seasonal and interannual variability on the order of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], with a strong dependence on variability in open-water area that suggests a sensitivity of TNB HSSW production rates to changes in the local wind regime and offshore sea ice pack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Una Kim Miller
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA.
| | - Christopher J Zappa
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | - Arnold L Gordon
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | | | - Craig Stevens
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Won Sang Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
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Motta CM, Simoniello P, Di Lorenzo M, Migliaccio V, Panzuto R, Califano E, Santovito G. Endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in the oocytes of the Antarctic Emerald rockcod Trematomus bernacchii. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129282. [PMID: 33360142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antarctica has long been considered a continent free from anthropic interference. Unfortunately, recent evidence indicate that metal contamination has gone so far and that its effects are still unknown. For this reason, in the present work, the potential endocrine disrupting effect of two highly polluting metals, copper and cadmium, were examined in the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. After a 10 days waterborne exposure, ovarian metal uptake was determined by atomic absorption; in parallel, classical histological approaches were adopted to determine the effects on oocyte morphology, carbohydrate composition and presence and localization of progesterone and estrogen receptors. Results show that both metals induce oocyte degeneration in about one third of the previtellogenic oocytes, no matter the stage of development. In apparently healthy oocytes, changes in cytoplasm, cortical alveoli and/or chorion carbohydrates composition are observed. Cadmium but not copper also induces significant changes in the localization of progesterone and beta-estrogen receptors, a result that well correlates with the observed increase in ovarian metals concentrations. In conclusion, the acute modifications detected are suggestive of a significantly impaired fecundity and of a marked endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in this teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Califano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Castagno P, Capozzi V, DiTullio GR, Falco P, Fusco G, Rintoul SR, Spezie G, Budillon G. Rebound of shelf water salinity in the Ross Sea. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5441. [PMID: 31784513 PMCID: PMC6884573 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) supplies the lower limb of the global overturning circulation and ventilates the abyssal ocean. In recent decades, AABW has warmed, freshened and reduced in volume. Ross Sea Bottom Water (RSBW), the second largest source of AABW, has experienced the largest freshening. Here we use 23 years of summer measurements to document temporal variability in the salinity of the Ross Sea High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW), a precursor to RSBW. HSSW salinity decreased between 1995 and 2014, consistent with freshening observed between 1958 and 2008. However, HSSW salinity rebounded sharply after 2014, with values in 2018 similar to those observed in the mid-late 1990s. Near-synchronous interannual fluctuations in salinity observed at five locations on the continental shelf suggest that upstream preconditioning and large-scale forcing influence HSSW salinity. The rate, magnitude and duration of the recent salinity increase are unusual in the context of the (sparse) observational record. Ross Sea Bottom Water, a major source of Antarctic Bottom Water, has experienced significant freshening in recent decades. Here the authors use 23 years of summer measurements to document temporal variability in the salinity of the Ross Sea High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) and found that HSSW salinity decreased between 1995 and 2014 and rebounded sharply after 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Castagno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Capozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giacomo R DiTullio
- Grice Marine Laboratory, University of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Pierpaolo Falco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giannetta Fusco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stephen R Rintoul
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Giancarlo Spezie
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giorgio Budillon
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy
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A New Approach for Monitoring the Terra Nova Bay Polynya through MODIS Ice Surface Temperature Imagery and Its Validation during 2010 and 2011 Winter Seasons. REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Insights into spatial distribution patterns of early stages of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarctica, in the platelet ice of Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica. Polar Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-014-1589-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Rintoul SR. On the Origin and Influence of Adélie Land Bottom Water. OCEAN, ICE, AND ATMOSPHERE: INTERACTIONS AT THE ANTARCTIC CONTINENTAL MARGIN 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/ar075p0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Bromwich D, Liu Z, Rogers AN, Van Woert ML. Winter Atmospheric Forcing of the Ross Sea Polynya. OCEAN, ICE, AND ATMOSPHERE: INTERACTIONS AT THE ANTARCTIC CONTINENTAL MARGIN 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/ar075p0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Jacobs SS, Giulivi CF. Interannual Ocean and Sea Ice Variability in the Ross Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/ar075p0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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9
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Impact of Grounded Icebergs on the Hydrographic Conditions Near the Filchner Ice Shelf. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/ar075p0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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10
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A nursery area for the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea): first estimate of distribution and abundance of eggs and larvae under the seasonal sea-ice. Polar Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-012-1199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Zucchi S, Corsi I, Luckenbach T, Bard SM, Regoli F, Focardi S. Identification of five partial ABC genes in the liver of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii and sensitivity of ABCB1 and ABCC2 to Cd exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:2746-2756. [PMID: 20627496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Several ABC transporters have been characterized from many aquatic organisms, but no information is yet available for Antarctic fish. The aim of this work was to identify the expression of genes for ABC proteins in Trematomus bernacchii, a bioindicator species of the Southern Ocean. Partial cDNA sequences of ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC4 and ABCC9 were cloned from liver. Using RACE technology, 3.5 and 2.2 kb contigs were obtained for ABCB1 and ABCC2. Considering the elevated natural bioavailability of cadmium at Terra Nova Bay, responsiveness of ABCB1 and ABCC2 to this element was investigated under laboratory conditions. ABCB1 and ABCC2 mRNA levels were approximately four-fold higher in Cd-exposed fish compared to the controls. Induction of ABCB1 protein was also found by western blot. This study provides the first identification of five ABC genes in the liver of an Antarctic key species, some of which may be involved in cellular detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zucchi
- Department of Environmental Sciences G. Sarfatti, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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12
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Guglielmo L, Donato P, Zagami G, Granata A. Spatio-temporal distribution and abundance of Euphausia crystallorophias in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) during austral summer. Polar Biol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-008-0546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Canapa A, Barucca M, Gorbi S, Benedetti M, Zucchi S, Biscotti MA, Olmo E, Nigro M, Regoli F. Vitellogenin gene expression in males of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea): a role for environmental cadmium? CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 66:1270-7. [PMID: 16930672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Revised: 07/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of vitellogenin (VTG) in male fish is a widely recognized effect for estrogenic pollutants in temperate environments, while similar investigations are still lacking for Antarctic organisms. In this study, a preliminary characterization of vitellogenin gene expression was performed by RT-PCR in the key species Trematomus bernacchii sampled in different phases of reproductive cycle and food availability. Females exhibited the highest gene expression during the spawning period, but VTG mRNA was always detected also in males; a significant increase of gene expression was observed both in males and females at the end of the feeding season. These results were not fully supported by a differential exposure to phyto- or anthropogenic estrogens during the planctonic cycle; on the other side, the endocrine properties of cadmium, naturally elevated in Terra Nova Bay and increasing during algal bloom, would explain both the presence of VTG mRNA in males and the seasonal changes of gene induction. Laboratory exposures did not reveal short-term estrogenic effects of cadmium while an elevated responsiveness of T. bernacchii was observed toward a classical estrogenic receptor agonist (17beta-estradiol). Different hypotheses were considered to suggest delayed endocrine effects of cadmium, including the early interaction with other cellular detoxification systems or alterations at multiple levels of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad-liver axis. Although molecular mechanisms of VTG gene expression in males of T. bernacchii remain unclear, obtained results provide interesting insights on this species which should stimulate future research activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Canapa
- Istituto di Biologia e Genetica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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14
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Marsland SJ. Modeling water mass formation in the Mertz Glacier Polynya and Adélie Depression, East Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jc002441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Barry JP, Grebmeier JM, Smith J, Dunbar RB. Oceanographic versus seafloor-habitat control of benthic megafaunal communities in the S.W. Ross Sea, Antarctica. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF THE ROSS SEA 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/078ars21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Stenni B, Proposito M, Gragnani R, Flora O, Jouzel J, Falourd S, Frezzotti M. Eight centuries of volcanic signal and climate change at Talos Dome (East Antarctica). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Stenni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Ambientali e Marine; Università di Trieste; Trieste Italy
| | - M. Proposito
- Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie; l'Energia, e l'Ambiente; Rome Italy
| | - R. Gragnani
- Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie; l'Energia, e l'Ambiente; Rome Italy
| | - O. Flora
- Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Ambientali e Marine; Università di Trieste; Trieste Italy
| | - J. Jouzel
- UMR CEA-CNRS 1572; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement; Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - S. Falourd
- UMR CEA-CNRS 1572; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement; Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - M. Frezzotti
- Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie; l'Energia, e l'Ambiente; Rome Italy
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Jeffries MO, Morris K, Maksym T, Kozlenko N, Tin T. Autumn sea ice thickness, ridging and heat flux variability in and adjacent to Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jc000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Dare RA, Atkinson BW. Numerical modeling of atmospheric response to polynyas in the Southern Ocean sea ice zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Gallée H. Air-sea interactions over Terra Nova Bay during winter: Simulation with a coupled atmosphere-polynya model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Bargagli R, Nelli L, Ancora S, Focardi S. Elevated cadmium accumulation in marine organisms from Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica). Polar Biol 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02329071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Minnett PJ. Measurements of the summer surface heat budget of the Northeast Water Polynya in 1992. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/94jc02242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Satellite and automatic weather station analyses of Katabatic surges across the Ross Ice Shelf. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/ar061p0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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24
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Bromwich DH, Carrasco JF, Liu Z, Tzeng RY. Hemispheric atmospheric variations and oceanographic impacts associated with katabatic surges across the Ross ice shelf, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Grumbine RW. A model of the formation of high-salinity shelf water on polar continental shelves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jc00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Smith SD, Muench RD, Pease CH. Polynyas and leads: An overview of physical processes and environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jc095ic06p09461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Bromwich DH, Parish TR, Zorman CA. The confluence zone of the intense katabatic winds at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, as derived from airborne sastrugi surveys and mesoscale numerical modeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id05p05495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Jacobs SS, Comiso JC. Sea ice and oceanic processes on the Ross Sea continental shelf. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jc094ic12p18195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Eicken H, Lange MA. Development and properties of sea ice in the coastal regime of the southeastern Weddell Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jc094ic06p08193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Hydrographic patterns in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica and their relationship to local benthic communities. Polar Biol 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00442029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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