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Cataldo M, Evangelista H, Pereira JAA, Bertho ÁL, Pellizari V, Kuhn E, Sampaio M, Cunha KDDA, Alencar AS, Anjos D, Amaral C. Aerobiology in High Latitudes: Evidence of Bacteria Acting as Tracer of Warm Air Mass Advection reaching Northern Antarctic Peninsula. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20210807. [PMID: 37820121 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320210807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the extent use of geochemical tracers to track warm air mass origin reaching the Antarctic continent, we present here evidences that microorganisms being transported by the atmosphere and deposited in fresh snow layers of Antarctic ice sheets do act as tracers of air mass advection from the Southern Patagonia region to Northern Antarctic Peninsula. We combined atmospheric circulation data with microorganism content in snow/firn samples collected in two sites of the Antarctic Peninsula (King George Island/Wanda glacier and Detroit Plateau) by using flow cytometer quantification. In addition, we cultivated, isolated and submitted samples to molecular sequencing to precise species classification. Viable gram-positive bacteria were found and recovered in different snow/firn layers samples, among dead and living cells, their number concentration was compared to northern wind component, stable isotopes of oxygen, d18O, and the concentration of crustal elements (Fe, Ti and Ca). Use of satellite images combined with air mass back-trajectory analysis obtained from the NOAA/ HYSPLIT model corroborated the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Cataldo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais, PHLC, Subsolo, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor Evangelista
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais, PHLC, Subsolo, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Augusto A Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, S. Francisco Xavier, 524, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Luiz Bertho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Departamento de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vivian Pellizari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Oceanografia, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Laboratório Ecologia Microbiana, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Kuhn
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Oceanografia, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Laboratório Ecologia Microbiana, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sampaio
- INPE-Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais/Divisão de Heliofísica, Ciências Planetárias e Aeronomia (DIHPA), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, 12227-010 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Kenya D DA Cunha
- Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende, s/n, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Física, Laboratório Van de Graaff, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Alencar
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais, PHLC, Subsolo, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Ciências Biológicas, Campus Tijuca, Rua Ibituruna, 108, Maracanã, 20271-020 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dafne Anjos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais, PHLC, Subsolo, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cesar Amaral
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais, PHLC, Subsolo, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Bredeck G, Busch M, Rossi A, Stahlmecke B, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF. Inhalable Saharan dust induces oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and inflammatory cytokine release. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107732. [PMID: 36680803 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Desert dust is increasingly recognized as a major air pollutant affecting respiratory health. Since desert dust exposure cannot be regulated, the hazardousness of its components must be understood to enable health risk mitigation strategies. Saharan dust (SD) comprises about half of the global desert dust and contains quartz, a toxic mineral dust that is known to cause severe lung diseases via oxidative stress and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome-interleukin-1β pathway. We aimed to assess the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of SD responsible for toxic effects. Also, we studied the oxidative and pro-inflammatory potential of SD in alveolar epithelial cells and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophage-like cells in comparison to quartz dusts and synthetic amorphous silica (SAS). Characterization revealed that SD contained Fe, Al, trace metals, sulfate, diatomaceous earth, and endotoxin and had the capacity to generate hydroxyl radicals. We exposed A549 lung epithelial cells and wild-type and NLRP3-/- THP-1 macrophage-like cells to SD, three well-investigated quartz dusts, and SAS. SD induced oxidative stress in A549 cells after 24 h more potently than the quartz dusts. The quartz dusts and SAS upregulated interleukin 8 expression after 4 h and 24 h while SD only caused a transient upregulation. SD, the quartz dusts, and SAS induced interleukin-1β release from wild-type THP-1 cells>20-fold stronger than from NLRP3-/- THP-1 cells. Interleukin-1β release was lower for SD, in which microbial components including endotoxin were heat-destructed. In conclusion, microbial components in SD are pivotal for its toxicity. In the epithelium, the effects of SD contrasted with crystalline and amorphous silica in terms of potency and persistence. In macrophages, the strong involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome emphasizes the acute and chronic health risks associated with desert dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Busch
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Burkhard Stahlmecke
- Institute for Energy and Environmental Technology e.V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Andersen ST, Carpenter LJ, Reed C, Lee JD, Chance R, Sherwen T, Vaughan AR, Stewart J, Edwards PM, Bloss WJ, Sommariva R, Crilley LR, Nott GJ, Neves L, Read K, Heard DE, Seakins PW, Whalley LK, Boustead GA, Fleming LT, Stone D, Fomba KW. Extensive field evidence for the release of HONO from the photolysis of nitrate aerosols. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6266. [PMID: 36652523 PMCID: PMC9848427 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Particulate nitrate ([Formula: see text]) has long been considered a permanent sink for NOx (NO and NO2), removing a gaseous pollutant that is central to air quality and that influences the global self-cleansing capacity of the atmosphere. Evidence is emerging that photolysis of [Formula: see text] can recycle HONO and NOx back to the gas phase with potentially important implications for tropospheric ozone and OH budgets; however, there are substantial discrepancies in "renoxification" photolysis rate constants. Using aircraft and ground-based HONO observations in the remote Atlantic troposphere, we show evidence for renoxification occurring on mixed marine aerosols with an efficiency that increases with relative humidity and decreases with the concentration of [Formula: see text], thus largely reconciling the very large discrepancies in renoxification photolysis rate constants found across multiple laboratory and field studies. Active release of HONO from aerosol has important implications for atmospheric oxidants such as OH and O3 in both polluted and clean environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone T. Andersen
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Lucy J. Carpenter
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - James D. Lee
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Rosie Chance
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Tomás Sherwen
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Adam R. Vaughan
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jordan Stewart
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Pete M. Edwards
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - William J. Bloss
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roberto Sommariva
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Leigh R. Crilley
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Luis Neves
- Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia e Geofísica, São Vicente (INMG), Mindelo, Cabo Verde
| | - Katie Read
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Lisa K. Whalley
- FAAM Airborne Laboratory, Cranfield, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Daniel Stone
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany
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Corral AF, Dadashazar H, Stahl C, Edwards EL, Zuidema P, Sorooshian A. Source Apportionment of Aerosol at a Coastal Site and Relationships with Precipitation Chemistry: A Case Study over the Southeast United States. ATMOSPHERE 2020; 11:1212. [PMID: 34211764 PMCID: PMC8243544 DOI: 10.3390/atmos11111212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the long-term aerosol and precipitation chemistry measurements from colocated monitoring sites in Southern Florida between 2013 and 2018. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model identified six potential emission sources impacting the study area. The PMF model solution yielded the following source concentration profiles: (i) combustion; (ii) fresh sea salt; (iii) aged sea salt; (iv) secondary sulfate; (v) shipping emissions; and (vi) dust. Based on these results, concentration-weighted trajectory maps were developed to identify sources contributing to the PMF factors. Monthly mean precipitation pH values ranged from 4.98 to 5.58, being positively related to crustal species and negatively related to SO4 2-. Sea salt dominated wet deposition volume-weighted concentrations year-round without much variability in its mass fraction in contrast to stronger seasonal changes in PM2.5 composition where fresh sea salt was far less influential. The highest mean annual deposition fluxes were attributed to Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, and Na+ between April and October. Nitrate is strongly correlated with dust constituents (unlike sea salt) in precipitation samples, indicative of efficient partitioning to dust. Interrelationships between precipitation chemistry and aerosol species based on long-term surface data provide insight into aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F. Corral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Hossein Dadashazar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Connor Stahl
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Eva-Lou Edwards
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Paquita Zuidema
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Zhang Y, Tong S, Ge M, Jing B, Hou S, Tan F, Chen Y, Guo Y, Wu L. The influence of relative humidity on the heterogeneous oxidation of sulfur dioxide by ozone on calcium carbonate particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1253-1262. [PMID: 29758878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions of SO2 and O3 with CaCO3 particles were investigated at a series of relative humidity (RH, 1% to 90%) and 298K using a diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The uptake coefficients of SO2 on CaCO3 at different RHs were obtained for the first time. Our results proved that high RH could substantially promote the formation of sulfate, for which the highest concentration (80% RH and reaction time of 200min) and highest formation rate in stable stage (85% RH) were 14 times and 43 times that at 1% RH, respectively. The surface products, increment of concentration and formation rate of sulfate changed with RH which were due to the surface adsorbed water (SAW) on the particles. SAW could increase the reactive sites on the particles and thus accelerate the conversion of SO2 into sulfite, and sulfite could be oxidized rapidly. Liquid-like water layers formed on the particle surface could enhance the ion mobility and promote the aggregation of CaSO4 hydrates, which could expose more reactive sites and result in additional adsorption of SO2. Piecewise equations of uptake coefficient with RH were given and could be referred by model simulation. The results are of importance in understanding the explosive growth of sulfate during severe haze episodes accompanied with high RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Siqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fang Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yucong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
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Jickells TD, Baker AR, Chance R. Atmospheric transport of trace elements and nutrients to the oceans. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0286. [PMID: 29035252 PMCID: PMC5069523 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews atmospheric inputs of trace elements and nutrients to the oceans in the context of the GEOTRACES programme and provides new data from two Atlantic GEOTRACES cruises. We consider the deposition of nitrogen to the oceans, which is now dominated by anthropogenic emissions, the deposition of mineral dust and related trace elements, and the deposition of other trace elements which have a mixture of anthropogenic and dust sources. We then consider the solubility (as a surrogate for bioavailability) of the various elements. We consider briefly the sources, atmospheric transport and transformations of these elements and how this results in strong spatial deposition gradients. Solubility of the trace elements also varies systematically between elements, reflecting their sources and cycling, and for some trace elements there are also systematic gradients in solubility related to dust loading. Together, these effects create strong spatial gradients in the inputs of bioavailable trace elements to the oceans, and we are only just beginning to understand how these affect ocean biogeochemistry.This article is part of the themed issue 'Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry'.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Jickells
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - A R Baker
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - R Chance
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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Jickells T, Moore CM. The Importance of Atmospheric Deposition for Ocean Productivity. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Jickells
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom;
| | - C. Mark Moore
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Center Southampton, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
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Spatial Distribution of Methanesulphonic Acid in the Arctic Aerosol Collected during the Chinese Arctic Research Expedition. ATMOSPHERE 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos6050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Arimoto R, Duce RA, Ray BJ, Ellis WG, Cullen JD, Merrill JT. Trace elements in the atmosphere over the North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd02618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kasibhatla PS, Levy H, Moxim WJ. Global NOx, HNO3, PAN, and NOydistributions from fossil fuel combustion emissions: A model study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd02845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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George C, D’Anna B, Herrmann H, Weller C, Vaida V, Donaldson DJ, Bartels-Rausch T, Ammann M. Emerging Areas in Atmospheric Photochemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2012; 339:1-53. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2012_393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gioda A, Reyes-Rodríguez GJ, Santos-Figueroa G, Collett JL, Decesari S, Ramos MDCKV, Bezerra Netto HJC, de Aquino Neto FR, Mayol-Bracero OL. Speciation of water-soluble inorganic, organic, and total nitrogen in a background marine environment: Cloud water, rainwater, and aerosol particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Photolysis and Heterogeneous Reaction of Coniferyl Aldehyde Adsorbed on Silica Particles with Ozone. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:4019-27. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bashir W, McGovern F, O'Brien P, Ryan M, Burke L, Paull B. Chemical trends in background air quality and the ionic composition of precipitation for the period 1980-2004 from samples collected at Valentia Observatory, Co. Kerry, Ireland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:730-8. [PMID: 18528540 DOI: 10.1039/b803010c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A major Irish study, based upon more than 8000 samples collected over the measurement period of 22 years, for sulfur dioxide (SO2-S), sulfate (SO4-S) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2-N) concentrations (microg m(-3)) within air, and the ionic composition of precipitation samples based on sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO4-S), non-sea salt sulfate (nssSO4-S), ammonium (NH4-N), and nitrate (NO3-N) weighted mean concentrations (mg l(-1)), has been completed. For the air samples, the sulfur dioxide and sulfate concentrations decreased over the sampling period (1980-2004) by 75% and 45%, respectively, whereas no significant trend was observed for nitrogen dioxide. The highest concentrations for sulfur dioxide, sulfate and nitrogen dioxide were associated with wind originating from the easterly and northeasterly directions i.e. those influenced by Irish and European sources. The lowest concentrations were associated with the westerly directions i.e. for air masses originating in the North Atlantic region. This was further verified with the use of backward (back) trajectory analysis, which allowed tracing the movement of air parcels using the European Centre for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) ERA-40 re-analysis data. High non-sea salt sulfate levels were being associated with air masses originating from Europe (easterlies) with lower levels from the Atlantic (westerlies). With the precipitation data, analysis of the non-sea salt sulfate concentrations showed a decrease by 47% since the measurements commenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Bashir
- National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University (DCU), Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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15
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Prince AP, Kleiber P, Grassian VH, Young MA. Heterogeneous interactions of calcite aerosol with sulfur dioxide and sulfur dioxide–nitric acid mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:3432-9. [PMID: 17664967 DOI: 10.1039/b703296j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous chemistry of sulfur dioxide with CaCO(3) (calcite) aerosol as a function of relative humidity (RH) has been studied under isolated particle conditions in an atmospheric reaction chamber using infrared absorption spectroscopy. The reaction of SO(2) with calcite produced gas phase CO(2) as a product in addition to the conversion of the particulate carbonate to sulfite. The reaction extent was found to increase with elevated RH, as has been observed for the similar reaction with HNO(3), but much higher relative humidities were needed to significantly enhance the reaction. Mixed experiments in which calcite aerosol was exposed to both HNO(3) and SO(2) were also performed. The overall reaction extent at a given relative humidity did not appear to be increased by having both reactant gases present. The role of carbonate aerosol as an atmospheric sink for sulfur dioxide and particulate nitrogen and sulfur correlations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Preszler Prince
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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16
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Preszler Prince A, Grassian VH, Kleiber P, Young MA. Heterogeneous conversion of calcite aerosol by nitric acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:622-34. [PMID: 17242744 DOI: 10.1039/b613913b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of nitric acid with calcite aerosol at varying relative humidities has been studied under suspended particle conditions in an atmospheric reaction chamber using infrared absorption spectroscopy. The reactant concentration in the chamber, as well as the appearance of gas phase products and surface adsorbed species, was spectroscopically monitored before and after mixing with CaCO(3) (calcite) particles. The interaction with HNO(3) was found to lead to gas phase CO(2) evolution and increased water uptake due to heterogeneous conversion of the carbonate to particulate nitrate. The reaction was enhanced as the relative humidity of the system was increased, especially at relative humidities above the reported deliquescence point of particulate Ca(NO(3))(2). The measured reaction extent demonstrates that the total calcite particulate mass is available for reaction with HNO(3) and the conversion process is not limited to the particle surface. The spectroscopy of the surface formed nitrate suggests a highly concentrated solution environment with a significant degree of ion pairing. The implications of the HNO(3) loss and the formation of the particulate nitrate product for atmospheric chemistry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Preszler Prince
- Department of Chemistry, the Optical Science and Technology Center, and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Koch D, Schmidt GA, Field CV. Sulfur, sea salt, and radionuclide aerosols in GISS ModelE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bauer SE. Impact of heterogeneous sulfate formation at mineral dust surfaces on aerosol loads and radiative forcing in the Goddard Institute for Space Studies general circulation model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd005870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ooki A. Chemical interactions between mineral dust particles and acid gases during Asian dust events. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Todd DL, Keene WC, Moody JL, Maring H, Galloway JN. Effects of wet deposition on optical properties of the atmosphere over Bermuda and Barbados. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Todd
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - William C. Keene
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Jennie L. Moody
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Hal Maring
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science; University of Miami; Miami Florida USA
| | - James N. Galloway
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
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21
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Wang J. GOES 8 retrieval of dust aerosol optical thickness over the Atlantic Ocean during PRIDE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Prospero JM. Long-term record of nss-sulfate and nitrate in aerosols on Midway Island, 1981–2000: Evidence of increased (now decreasing?) anthropogenic emissions from Asia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Garrett TJ. Microphysical and radiative evolution of aerosol plumes over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Christopher SA. Estimation of diurnal shortwave dust aerosol radiative forcing during PRIDE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Formenti P. Chemical composition of mineral dust aerosol during the Saharan Dust Experiment (SHADE) airborne campaign in the Cape Verde region, September 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McGovern FM, Nunes MJ, Raes F, Gonzales‐Jorge H. Marine and anthropogenic aerosols at Punta Del Hidalgo, Tenerife, and the aerosol nitrate number paradox. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. M. McGovern
- Environmental Protection Agency Richview, Dublin, Wexford Ireland
| | - M. J. Nunes
- CECUL, DQB, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal
| | - F. Raes
- Environment Institute, EC Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy
| | - H. Gonzales‐Jorge
- Department of Physics University of LaLaguna Tenerife, Canary Islands Spain
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Usher CR, Al-Hosney H, Carlos-Cuellar S, Grassian VH. A laboratory study of the heterogeneous uptake and oxidation of sulfur dioxide on mineral dust particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Usher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - H. Al-Hosney
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | | | - V. H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
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Rotstayn LD, Lohmann U. Simulation of the tropospheric sulfur cycle in a global model with a physically based cloud scheme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon D. Rotstayn
- Division of Atmospheric Research; CSIRO; Aspendale Victoria Australia
| | - Ulrike Lohmann
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
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29
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Gabriel R. Chemical characterization of submicron aerosol particles collected over the Indian Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Savoie DL. Marine biogenic and anthropogenic contributions to non-sea-salt sulfate in the marine boundary layer over the North Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bates TS, Quinn PK, Coffman DJ, Johnson JE, Miller TL, Covert DS, Wiedensohler A, Leinert S, Nowak A, Neusüss C. Regional physical and chemical properties of the marine boundary layer aerosol across the Atlantic during Aerosols99: An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Galy-Lacaux C, Carmichael GR, Song CH, Lacaux JP, Al Ourabi H, Modi AI. Heterogeneous processes involving nitrogenous compounds and Saharan dust inferred from measurements and model calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Guentzel JL, Landing WM, Gill GA, Pollman CD. Processes influencing rainfall deposition of mercury in Florida. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2001; 35:863-73. [PMID: 11351528 DOI: 10.1021/es001523+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of the Florida Atmospheric Mercury Study (FAMS) was to quantify the atmospheric deposition of Hg throughout Florida. Monthly integrated precipitation and weekly integrated particulate samples were collected at 10 sites in Florida for periods ranging from 2 to 5 yr. The monthly rainfall across the state and the concentrations of Hg in wet-only and bulk deposition increased by a factor of 2-3 during the summertime "wet season" (May-October). These parallel increases in rainfall amount and Hg concentration resulted in 5-8-fold increases in rainfall Hg deposition during the wet season. The annual volume-weighted Hg concentrations ranged from 14 +/- 2 to 16 +/- 2 ng/L across southern Florida, and the annual rainfall Hg fluxes ranged from 20 +/- 3 to 23 +/- 3 micrograms m-2 yr-1. The weekly integrated particulate Hg concentrations in southern Florida were low (4.9-9.3 pg/m3) and did not exhibit strong seasonal variability. Considering the pronounced seasonal pattern in rainfall Hg deposition, the relatively uniform summertime rainfall Hg concentrations, and the low concentrations of particulate Hg, we conclude that processes other than particulate Hg transport and scavenging govern rainfall Hg deposition in southern Florida. We hypothesize that long-range transport of reactive gaseous Hg (RGM) species coupled with strong convective thunderstorm activity during the summertime represents > 50% of the Hg deposition in southern Florida. Model calculations indicate that local anthropogenic particulate Hg and RGM emissions account for 30-46% of the summertime rainfall Hg deposition across the southern Florida peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Guentzel
- Departments of Marine Science and Chemistry, Coastal Carolina University, P.O. Box 261954, Conway, South Carolina 29528-6054, USA.
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Maring H, Savoie DL, Izaguirre MA, McCormick C, Arimoto R, Prospero JM, Pilinis C. Aerosol physical and optical properties and their relationship to aerosol composition in the free troposphere at Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands, during July 1995. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Johansen AM, Siefert RL, Hoffmann MR. Chemical composition of aerosols collected over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Satheesh SK, Ramanathan V, Li-Jones X, Lobert JM, Podgorny IA, Prospero JM, Holben BN, Loeb NG. A model for the natural and anthropogenic aerosols over the tropical Indian Ocean derived from Indian Ocean Experiment data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Johansen AM, Siefert RL, Hoffmann MR. Chemical characterization of ambient aerosol collected during the southwest monsoon and intermonsoon seasons over the Arabian Sea: Anions and cations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Prospero JM. Long-term measurements of the transport of African mineral dust to the southeastern United States: Implications for regional air quality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Prospero JM. Long-range transport of mineral dust in the global atmosphere: impact of African dust on the environment of the southeastern United States. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:3396-403. [PMID: 10097049 PMCID: PMC34280 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.7.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil dust is a major constituent of airborne particles in the global atmosphere. Dust plumes frequently cover huge areas of the earth; they are one of the most prominent and commonly visible features in satellite imagery. Dust is believed to play a role in many biogeochemical processes, but the importance of dust in these processes is not well understood because of the dearth of information about the global distribution of dust and its physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. This paper describes some features of the large-scale distribution of dust and identifies some of the geological characteristics of important source areas. The transport of dust from North Africa is presented as an example of possible long-range dust effects, and the impact of African dust on environmental processes in the western North Atlantic and the southeastern United States is assessed. Dust transported over long distances usually has a mass median diameter <10 microm. Small wind-borne soil particles show signs of extensive weathering; consequently, the physical and chemical properties of the particles will greatly depend on the weathering history in the source region and on the subsequent modifications that occur during transit in the atmosphere (typically a period of a week or more). To fully understand the role of dust in the environment and in human health, mineralogists will have to work closely with scientists in other disciplines to characterize the properties of mineral particles as an ensemble and as individual particles especially with regard to surface characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Prospero
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA
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Li-Jones X, Maring HB, Prospero JM. Effect of relative humidity on light scattering by mineral dust aerosol as measured in the marine boundary layer over the tropical Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Borys RD, Lowenthal DH, Wetzel MA, Herrera F, Gonzalez A, Harris J. Chemical and microphysical properties of marine stratiform cloud in the North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li-Jones X, Prospero JM. Variations in the size distribution of non-sea-salt sulfate aerosol in the marine boundary layer at Barbados: Impact of African dust. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Saltzman ES, Whung PY, Mayewski PA. Methanesulfonate in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 Ice Core. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jc01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhu XR, Prospero JM, Millero FJ. Diel variability of soluble Fe(II) and soluble total Fe in North African dust in the trade winds at Barbados. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rhoads KP, Kelley P, Dickerson RR, Carsey TP, Farmer M, Savoie DL, Prospero JM. Composition of the troposphere over the Indian Ocean during the monsoonal transition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Husar RB, Prospero JM, Stowe LL. Characterization of tropospheric aerosols over the oceans with the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer optical thickness operational product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd04009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 590] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dentener FJ, Carmichael GR, Zhang Y, Lelieveld J, Crutzen PJ. Role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chin M, Jacob DJ, Gardner GM, Foreman-Fowler MS, Spiro PA, Savoie DL. A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric sulfate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li X, Maring H, Savoie D, Voss K, Prospero JM. Dominance of mineral dust in aerosol light-scattering in the North Atlantic trade winds. Nature 1996. [DOI: 10.1038/380416a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Arimoto R, Duce RA, Savoie DL, Prospero JM, Talbot R, Cullen JD, Tomza U, Lewis NF, Ray BJ. Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during PEM-West A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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