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KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:6808061. [PMID: 30723749 PMCID: PMC6339729 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6808061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and multisystemic disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and fibrosis. The pathogenesis involves the interaction between immune system cells such as macrophages, NK cells, T cells, and B cells. Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) are expressed in NK cells and some T cell subsets that recognize HLA class I molecules as ligands and are involved in regulating the activation and inhibition of these cells. The KIR family consists of 14 genes and two pseudogenes; according to the gene content, the genotype could be AA and Bx. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between KIR/HLA genes and genotypes with SSc and the clinical characteristics. Methods We included 50 SSc patients and 90 Control Subjects (CS). Genotyping of KIR, HLA-C, -Bw4, and -A∗03/∗11 was made by SSP-PCR. Results In SSc patients, a higher frequency of KIR2DL2 (p = 0.0007, p′ = 0.011), KIR2DS4del (p = 0.001, p′ = 0.021), and HLA-C2 (p = 0.02, p′ = 0.09) was found. This is the first study to evaluate the frequency of HLA-A∗03/∗11 in SSc patients, of which a low frequency was found in both groups. Compound genotypes KIR2DL2+/HLA-C1+ or KIR2DL2+/HLA-C2+ have a higher frequency in SSc patients. The Bx genotype was the most frequent and was associated with risk to SSc (p = 0.007, OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.4–7.9, p′ = 0.014). The genotypes with a higher iKIR number than aKIR (iKIR > aKIR) were found in all individuals; genotypes with 7-8 iKIR genes were increased in SSc patients. We do not find an association between the KIR genes with the clinical characteristics. Conclusion The results suggest that KIR2DL2 and 2DS4del could have a risk role in the development of SSc, but not with clinical manifestations.
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Das Ghosh D, Mukhopadhyay I, Bhattacharya A, Roy Chowdhury R, Mandal NR, Roy S, Sengupta S. Impact of genetic variations and transcriptional alterations of HLA class I genes on cervical cancer pathogenesis. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:2498-2508. [PMID: 28268260 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In a novel attempt to understand the variations in DNA sequences underlying HLA class I alleles associated with HPV16-related CaCx, we determined the alleles by reconstructing SNP-based haplotypes from resequencing of the most polymorphic exons 2 and 3 of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C. We also determined the impact of SNPs and transcriptional alterations of the genes on CaCx. A high density of SNPs was identified from resequencing. HLA expression was determined by real-time PCR. We identified that even a single associated HLA allele had many underlying SNP-based haplotypes. Out of the most frequent (≥5%) HLA class I alleles, HLA-B*40:06 and HLA-B*15:02 respectively imparted significant risk towards and protection from CaCx as well as HPV16 infection. Employing median-joining networks to detect clusters of sequence-variations for specific HLA alleles, we found the protective SNP-based signature, GAATTTA, in all SNP-based haplotypes of HLA-B*15:02 allele. The signature was derived from seven SNPs within HLA-B which were newly associated with the disease. Contrarily, similarly derived risk-signature, TTGCGCC, mapped only to 52% of SNP-based haplotypes of HLA-B*40:06 allele. This indicated that all SNP-based haplotypes underlying a particular associated HLA allele might or might not have a single signature of risk/protection. HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C expressions were downregulated among CaCx cases compared to asymptomatic infections and HPV-negative controls. HLA-A and HLA-B were repressed in both cases harbouring episomal and integrated HPV16, whereas HLA-C in only the latter. Novel genetic variations and differential downregulation-patterns of HLA class I have a significant bearing on HPV16-related CaCx pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amrapali Bhattacharya
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Netaji Subhas Sanatorium, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nidhu Ranjan Mandal
- Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipta Roy
- Department of Pathology, Sri Aurobindo Seva Kendra, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sharmila Sengupta
- Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Netaji Subhas Sanatorium, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
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Abstract
Psoriasis arthropathy (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy characterized by the association of arthritis with psoriasis. Although the precise mechanisms of PsA still remain obscure, several genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to play important roles. HLA-B51 has been strongly associated with Behçet's disease; however, its association with PsA has not been documented. We describe herein five Japanese patients (4 males and 1 female) with PsA and positive for HLA-B51. The clinical forms defined by Moll and Wright revealed that the polyarticular pattern was noted in two cases, and oligoarticular, distal, and spondyloarthropathy patterns were noted in one case each. Positive rheumatoid factor was detected in one patient, and antinuclear antibody in two patients. The other HLA subclasses were A2 and A31 in 3 cases, respectively. HLA-B51 was detected in 5 out of 17 patients with PsA examined in our department; in contrast, HLA-B51 was not detected in 17 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Our observations suggest that HLA-B51 may play a role in the pathogenesis of PsA in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine, Japan
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Park Y, Yoon CE, Kwon OJ, Kim YS, Kim HS. Resolution of ambiguous HLA genotyping in korean by multi-group-specific sequence-based typing. Yonsei Med J 2014; 55:1005-13. [PMID: 24954331 PMCID: PMC4075361 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.4.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a multi-group-specific sequence-based typing (SBT) method for resolving ambiguous results from human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 samples that showed ambiguous genotypes for at least two HLA loci from HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 by the conventional SBT assay were evaluated using a new SBT test, the AVITA plus assay. The most likely HLA genotypes for the respective samples considering allele frequencies in Korean were concordant between the AVITA and conventional SBT assays. RESULTS An average of 3.3 loci among the HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 loci per sample gave results with two or more possible allele combinations with the conventional SBT, and 48 (96.0%) out of 50 showed reduced numbers of possible genotypes for at least one HLA locus with the AVITA. A total of 41, 43, 42, and 38 cases among the 50 samples showed ambiguous results for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 typing by the conventional SBT, respectively. The average numbers of possible allele combinations for the respective four HLA loci were 8.2, 6.7, 5.9, and 3.2, and they were reduced to 1.5, 2.2, 4.4, and 1.8, respectively, by the AVITA. Ambiguity was resolved by the AVITA in 33 (80.5%), 31 (72.1%), 17 (40.5%) and 28 (73.7%) samples among the ambiguous cases from the conventional SBT for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 typing, respectively. CONCLUSION The multi-group-specific SBT method considerably reduced the number of ambiguous results, and thus may be useful for accurate HLA typing in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Oh-Joong Kwon
- College of Animal Bioscience & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Seun Kim
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery,The Research Institute for Transplantation, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyon-Suk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Yao Y, Shi L, Tao Y, Kulski JK, Lin K, Huang X, Xiang H, Chu J, Shi L. Distinct HLA allele and haplotype distributions in four ethnic groups of China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 80:452-61. [PMID: 23020309 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Distinct human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele and haplotype distributions occur in the northern and southern Han populations of China. However, different ethnic groups in China show limited regional distributions for many HLA alleles and haplotypes. Therefore, it is necessary and meaningful to study the differences in HLA allele and haplotype distribution for northern and southern ethnic groups of China. A total of 428 unrelated individuals from the Lisu, Nu, Tu and Yugur ethnic populations were genotyped for HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 alleles using the PCR-Luminex typing method. The frequencies of HLA alleles and statistically inferred haplotypes were calculated. A total of 29 HLA-A, 54 HLA-B, 27 HLA-C and 41 HLA-DRB1 alleles were spread throughout these four populations with distinct allele and deduced haplotype frequencies between populations. Some alleles and deduced haplotypes exhibited significantly different distributions between northern (Tu and Yugur) and southern groups (Lisu and Nu). A phylogenetic tree and principal component analysis were used to compare the HLA polymorphism between our dataset and 19 other eastern and southeastern Asian populations. This analysis showed that Lisu and Nu belong to a cluster of southern ethnic groups, while Tu and Yugur are most closely related to other northern groups. Thus, distinct ethnic population histories were revealed by analyzing HLA allelic polymorphisms with the HLA profiles of the Lisu and Nu southern Chinese ethnic groups clearly different from the Tu and Yugur northern ethnic groups. The results will be useful for future association studies of infectious disease and contribute toward a more efficient search of organ/tissue matches for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
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Abstract
Sequencing-based typing is a high resolution method for the identification of HLA polymorphisms. The majority of HLA Class I alleles can be discriminated by their exon 2 and 3 sequence, and for Class II alleles, exon 2 is generally sufficient. There are polymorphic positions in other exons which may require additional sequencing to exclude certain alleles with differences outside exon 2 and 3, depending on the clinical requirement and relevant accredition guidelines. The process involves selective amplification of target alleles by PCR, agarose gel electrophoresis of the PCR products to assess the quantity and quality, followed by purification of PCR amplicons to remove excess primer and dNTPs. Cycle sequencing reactions using Applied Biosystems™ BigDye(®) Terminator Ready Reaction v1.1 or v3.1 Kit are performed, then purification of sequence reactions before electrophoresing using Applied Biosystems™ 3730 or 3730XL Genetic Analyser (or similar). Data is processed by specialised software packages, which compare the sample sequence to the sequences of all possible theoretical allele combinations to assign an accurate genotype. Examination of all nucleotides, both at conserved and polymorphic positions enables the direct identification of new alleles, which may not be possible with techniques such as SSP and SSO typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Smith
- Department of Clinical Immunology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Shen CM, Zhu BF, Deng YJ, Ye SH, Yan JW, Yang G, Wang HD, Qin HX, Huang QZ, Zhang JJ. Allele polymorphism and haplotype diversity of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in sequence-based typing for Chinese Uyghur ethnic group. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13458. [PMID: 21079793 PMCID: PMC2973946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicate that the frequency distributions of HLA alleles and haplotypes vary from one ethnic group to another or between the members of the same ethnic group living in different geographic areas. It is necessary and meaningful to study the high-resolution allelic and haplotypic distributions of HLA loci in different groups. Methodology/Principal Findings High-resolution HLA typing for the Uyghur ethnic minority group using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based-typing method was first reported. HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 allelic distributions were determined in 104 unrelated healthy Uyghur individuals and haplotypic frequencies and linkage disequilibrium parameters for HLA loci were estimated using the maximum-likelihood method. A total of 35 HLA-A, 51 HLA-B and 33 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified at the four-digit level in the population. High frequency alleles were HLA-A*1101 (13.46%), A*0201 (12.50%), A*0301 (10.10%); HLA-B*5101(8.17%), B*3501(6.73%), B*5001 (6.25%); HLA-DRB1*0701 (16.35%), DRB1*1501 (8.65%) and DRB1*0301 (7.69%). The two-locus haplotypes at the highest frequency were HLA-A*3001-B*1302 (2.88%), A*2402-B*5101 (2.86%); HLA-B*5001-DRB1*0701 (4.14%) and B*0702-DRB1*1501 (3.37%). The three-locus haplotype at the highest frequency was HLA-A*3001-B*1302-DRB1*0701(2.40%). Significantly high linkage disequilibrium was observed in six two-locus haplotypes, with their corresponding relative linkage disequilibrium parameters equal to 1. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the Uyghur group and other previously reported populations was constructed on the basis of standard genetic distances among the populations calculated using the four-digit sequence-level allelic frequencies at HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 loci. The phylogenetic analyses reveal that the Uyghur group belongs to the northwestern Chinese populations and is most closely related to the Xibe group, and then to Kirgiz, Hui, Mongolian and Northern Han. Conclusions/Significance The present findings could be useful to elucidate the genetic background of the population and to provide valuable data for HLA matching in clinical bone marrow transplantation, HLA-linked disease-association studies, population genetics, human identification and paternity tests in forensic sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-mei Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-feng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ya-jun Deng
- Center of Forensic Sciences, Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-hui Ye
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-wei Yan
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hong-dan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-xia Qin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Qi-zhao Huang
- The Second Team of Students Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhu BF, Yang G, Shen CM, Qin HX, Liu SZ, Deng YJ, Fan SL, Deng LB, Chen F, Zhang P, Fang J, Chen LP, Wang HD, Wang ZY, Lucas R. Distributions of HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of Yunnan, China: relationship to other populations. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 11:127-35. [PMID: 20104647 PMCID: PMC2816316 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0900232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distributions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B alleles and HLA-A-B haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of the Yunnan Province, situated in southwestern China. Methods: DNA typing for HLA-A and -B loci was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method on 114 randomly selected healthy individuals of the Yi population. The allelic frequencies of HLA-A and -B loci were calculated by direct counting and HLA-A-B haplotypes were estimated using the expectation maximization algorithm. Results: A total of 17 HLA-A and 38 HLA-B alleles were found in the Yi population. The most frequent alleles were A*2402 (32.46%), A*1101 (26.32%), and A*0203 (10.09%) at the HLA-A locus and B*4601 (12.28%), B*1525 (10.09%), B*4001 (8.77%), and B*3802 (7.89%) at the HLA-B locus. The predominant HLA-A-B haplotypes were A*2402-B*1525 (7.86%) and A*0203-B*3802 (5.64%), followed by A*1101-B*4001 (4.69%). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Yi population in the Honghe, Yunnan Province of China basically belongs to groups of southeastern Asian origin, but shares some characteristics with northeastern Asian groups. Conclusion: The present study may add to the understanding of HLA polymorphism in the Yi ethnic group that was poorly defined previously, and provide useful information for bone marrow transplantation, anthropological research, and forensic sciences as well as for disease-association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-feng Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Spínola C, Bruges-Armas J, Brehm A, Spínola H. HLA-A polymorphisms in four ethnic groups from Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) inferred from sequence-based typing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 72:593-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhu K, Lizee G, Cano P, Fernando-Vina M, Ji B, Abbruzzese JL, Hwu P, Radvanyi L, Chang DZ. HLA-A0201 positive pancreatic cell lines: new findings and discrepancies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:719-24. [PMID: 16947023 PMCID: PMC11031065 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is being pursued as an immunotherapy target using antigen-specific vaccine approaches activating CD8(+) CTL and CD4(+) T-helper cells. CD8(+) CTL exert their anti-tumor effects in an HLA-restricted manner and only tumor cells carrying a matched HLA class I sub-type are targets for antigen-specific CTL. In the process of characterizing CD8(+) T cell responses against pancreatic cancer, we screened a number of human pancreatic tumor cell lines for HLA-A0201 positive (HLA-A2(+)) cell lines to be used in the evaluation of CTL function. This analysis revealed some new findings and discrepancies in the literature on the HLA sub-type of some commonly used pancreatic cell lines. We found that Capan-1 cells, originally reported to be HLA-A0201(+), actually only express HLA-A010101 and HLA-A300101 and were targets for HLA-A0201-restricted CTL only after transduction with an HLA-A0201-expressing lentivirus. Panc-1 cells were found to be HLA-A0201 positive, in agreement with published reports, while CF-Pac-1 cells were found to express both HLA-A020101 and HLA-A030101. We also found a normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line, HPDE, to be HLA-A0201 positive. Our findings were verified with two different sequence-based typing methods, antibody staining followed by flow cytometry analysis, and functional analysis using an HLA-A0201-restricted peptide-specific T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuichun Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gregory Lizee
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Pedro Cano
- HLA Typing Laboratory, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Marcelo Fernando-Vina
- HLA Typing Laboratory, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Baoan Ji
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - James L. Abbruzzese
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Laszlo Radvanyi
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - David Z. Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
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Spínola H, Bruges-Armas J, Mora MG, Middleton D, Brehm A. HLA genes in Madeira Island (Portugal) inferred from sequence-based typing: Footprints from different origins. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:1726-8. [PMID: 16271767 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms were examined in Madeira Island populations. The data was obtained at high-resolution level, using sequence-based typing (SBT). The most frequent alleles at each loci were: A*020101 (24.6%), B*5101 (9.7%), B*440201 (9.2%), and DRB1*070101 (15.7%). The predominant three-loci haplotypes in Madeira were A*020101-B*510101-DRB1*130101 (2.7%) and A*010101-B*0801-DRB1*030101 (2.4%), previously found in north and central Portugal. The present study corroborates historical sources and other genetic studies that say Madeira were populated not only by Europeans, mostly Portuguese, but also sub-Saharan Africans due to slave trade. Comparison with other populations shows that Madeira experienced a stronger African influence due to slave trade than Portugal mainland and even the Azores archipelago. Despite this African genetic input, haplotype and allele frequencies were predominantly from European origin, mostly common to mainland Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Spínola
- Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, Campus of Penteada, 9000-399 Funchal, Portugal
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Leal CA, Mendoza-Carrera F, Rivas F, Rodriguez-Reynoso S, Portilla-de Buen E. HLA-A and HLA-B allele frequencies in a mestizo population from Guadalajara, Mexico, determined by sequence-based typing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 66:666-73. [PMID: 16305683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
HLA-A and HLA-B genes were typed by DNA sequencing in a mestizo population from Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Thirty-seven HLA-A and 51 HLA-B alleles were observed in 103 samples. The common typical Amerindian alleles (>5%) and haplotypes (>or=2.0%) found were A*02010101, *24020101, *310102, B*350101, and *4002, and A*310102-B*4002, A*240201-B*350101, and the typical European alleles were A*010101, *29010101, B*1402, B*180101, and A*020101-B*1402, A*020101-B*510101, and A*3002-B*180101. This reflects the blending of the two main parental populations of mestizos: Amerindian and Iberian. Mexicans were found to be relatively closer to the Portuguese than to Spaniards. This proximity may indicate a larger Portuguese influence in Mexicans than previously considered. Present data contribute to the understanding of the genetic structure in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Leal
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara, Jalisco, C.P. 44340 México.
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Spínola H, Brehm A, Bettencourt B, Middleton D, Bruges-Armas J. HLA class I and II polymorphisms in Azores show different settlements in Oriental and Central islands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:217-30. [PMID: 16101833 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human leucocyte antigen-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 polymorphisms were examined in the Azorean population. The data were obtained at high-resolution level, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence-specific primer, PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotides and sequence-based typing. The most frequent allele in each locus was: A*0201 (24.5%), B*510101 (9.8%), Cw*0401 (14.8%), DRB1*070101 (18.3%), DQA1*0201 (17.4%) and DQB1*0301 (19.4%). The predominant extended haplotype was A*0202-B*1503-Cw*0202-DRB1*090102-DQA1*0303- DQB1*0202 (1.9%), which was found to be absent in the Portuguese mainland. The present study corroborates historical sources that say the Azores were populated not only by Portuguese but also by other Europeans, mostly Flemish people. Despite dendrogram analysis showing some remote Asian genetic affinities, the lack of specific alleles and haplotypes from those populations does not allow us to conclude for direct influence. Haplotype and allele frequencies in Azores show no homogeneous distribution between Oriental and Central islands of this archipelago. The Oriental islands harbour several haplotypes already found in mainland Portugal and identified as Mediterranean and European. The Central group of islands on the contrary clearly shows an influence of north Europeans (most probably derived from a well-documented Flemish settlement), with much less affinity to mainland Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Spínola
- Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
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14
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Spínola H, Bruges-Armas J, Middleton D, Brehm A. HLA polymorphisms in Cabo Verde and Guiné-Bissau inferred from sequence-based typing. Hum Immunol 2005; 66:1082-92. [PMID: 16386651 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, and -DRB1 polymorphisms were examined in the Cabo Verde and Guiné-Bissau populations. The data were obtained at high-resolution level, using sequence-based typing. The most frequent alleles in each locus was: A*020101 (16.7% in Guiné-Bissau and 13.5% in Cabo Verde), B*350101 (14.4% in Guiné-Bissau and 13.2% in Cabo Verde), DRB1*1304 (19.6% in Guiné-Bissau), and DRB1*1101 (10.1% in Cabo Verde). The predominant three loci haplotype in Guiné-Bissau was A*2301-B*1503-DRB1*1101 (4.6%) and in Cabo Verde was A*3002-B*350101-DRB1*1001 (2.8%), exclusive to northwestern islands (5.6%) and absent in Guiné-Bissau. The present study corroborates historic sources and other genetic studies that say Cabo Verde were populated not only by Africans but also by Europeans. Haplotypes and dendrogram analysis shows a Caucasian genetic influence in today's gene pool of Cabo Verdeans. Haplotypes and allele frequencies present a differential distribution between southeastern and northwestern Cabo Verde islands, which could be the result of different genetic influences, founder effect, or bottlenecks. Dendrograms and principal coordinates analysis show that Guineans are more similar to North Africans than other HLA-studied sub-Saharans, probably from ancient and recent genetic contacts with other peoples, namely East Africans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Spínola
- Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, Campus of Penteada, Funchal, Portugal
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15
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Spínola H, Middleton D, Brehm A. HLA genes in Portugal inferred from sequence-based typing: in the crossroad between Europe and Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:26-36. [PMID: 15982254 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen-A (HLA-A), -B and -DRB1 polymorphism was examined in the Portuguese population, discriminating between North, Centre and South inhabitants. All data were obtained at high-resolution level, using sequence-based typing. The most frequent allele at each locus was A* 020101 (26%), B* 440301 and B* 510101 (12% each) and DRB1* 070101 (15%). The predominant three-locus haplotype was A*020101-B*440301-DRB1*070101 (3.1%), highly frequent in North Portugal (5.4%), lower in Centre (2%) and absent in the South. The present study demonstrates that the Portuguese population has been genetically influenced by Europeans and North Africans, via several historic immigrations. North Portugal seems to concentrate, probably due to the pressure of Arab expansion, an ancient genetic pool originated from several North Africans and Europeans, influences throughout millenniums. South Portugal shows a North African genetic influence, probably of recent origin by means of Berbers accompanying Arab expansion. We found that Centre Portugal is the distribution limit of some alleles and haplotypes that characterize the North or the South of the country. Despite North, Centre and South Portugal not being significantly different in allele frequencies, this study shows that HLA allele and haplotype frequencies are not homogeneous in the country. North and South Portugal show more similarity to North Africans in opposition to Centre which appears closer to Europeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Spínola
- Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, Campus of Penteada, Funchal, Portugal
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Pirim I, Atasoy M, Ikbal M, Erdem T, Aliagaoglu C. HLA class I and class II genotyping in patients with Behcet's disease: a regional study of eastern part of Turkey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 64:293-7. [PMID: 15304011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Class I human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B51 is well known to be associated with Behcet's disease in many ethnic groups. However, there has been no published paper with respect to its association with HLA class I and class II among the Turkish people who live in the eastern region of Turkey. Moreover, as it is known that B51 antigen is encoded by 21 alleles, B*5101-5121, HLA-B51 allele typing was performed, as well as HLA class I and class II genotyping of 75 patients with the disease and the 54 individuals in the matched control group. The result shows that the HLA-B51 frequency was significantly higher (58.66%) in the patient group, compared to that in the control group (18.51%) (OR = 6.245). In the subtyping of B51 alleles, 44 B51-positive patients possessed B*5101 (45.5%), B*5108 (25%), B*5105 (9.1%) and B*5104 (4.5%). There was no significant difference in the HLA-B51 allelic distribution between the patient group and the control group. However, homozygous carriers of HLA-B51 showed considerably high risk (OR = 2.647) in the patient group, compared to that in the control group. In the genotyping of class II HLA alleles, while HLA-DRB1*04 (45.3%) and HLA-DRB1*07 (24%) were the predominant alleles in the patient group, DRB1*11 (50%) appeared to be more common in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Pirim
- Ataturk University, Medical School, Department of Medical Biology, 25240-Erzurum, Turkey.
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17
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Takahashi D, Miyazaki T, Araseki M, Sekimoto T, Sato S, Kato T, Ikeda H. Identification of a novel allele HLA-A*1113 in a Japanese donor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 64:81-3. [PMID: 15191528 DOI: 10.1111/j.0001-2815.2004.00232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anew HLA-A*11 allele, A*1113, was identified in a healthy Japanese female. She was typed as HLA-A11?, A2, B46, B67, Cw1, Cw7 (Bw6) with unusual serological reactivity of A11, suggesting possible presence of a new A*11 allele. The novel A*1113 allele was identified by haplotypic group-specific allele amplification using A*11 allele-specific primer pairs and sequence-based typing. The A*1113 allele differs from A*11011 by one nucleotide substitution in exon 3 at position 503 (A --> G) which causes an amino acid change in the alfa2 domain at residue 144 (lysine : K --> arginine : R), thus resulting in the unusual serological reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Takahashi
- Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Sapporo, Japan
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Chung C, Leib SR, Fraser DG, Ellis SA, McGuire TC. Novel classical MHC class I alleles identified in horses by sequencing clones of reverse transcription-PCR products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 30:387-96. [PMID: 14675391 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2370.2003.00420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved typing of horse classical MHC class I is required to more accurately define these molecules and to extend the number identified further than current serological assays. Defining classical MHC class I alleleic polymorphism is important in evaluating cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in horses. In this study, horse classical MHC class I genes were analyzed based on reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification of sequences encoding the polymorphic peptide binding region and the more conserved alpha 3, transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions followed by cloning and sequencing. Primer sets included a horse classical MHC class I-specific reverse primer and a forward primer conserved in all known horse MHC class I genes. Sequencing at least 25 clones containing MHC class I sequences from each of 13 horses identified 25 novel sequences and three others which had been described. Of these, nine alleles were identified from different horses or different RT-PCR and 19 putative alleles were identified in multiple clones from the same RT-PCR. The primer pairs did not amplify putative non-classical MHC class I genes as only classical MHC class I and related pseudogenes were found in 462 clones. This method also identified classical MHC class I alleles shared between horses by descent, and defined differences in alleles between horses varying in equine leukocyte antigen (ELA)-A haplotype as determined by serology. However, horses sharing ELA-A haplotypes defined by serotyping did not always share cDNA sequences, suggesting subhaplotypic variations within serologically defined ELA-A haplotypes. The 13 horses in this study had two to five classical MHC class I sequences, indicating that multiple loci code for these genes. Sequencing clones from RT-PCR with classical MHC class I-specific primers should be useful for selection of haplotype matched and mismatched horses for CTL studies, and provides sequence information needed to develop easier and more discriminating typing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chung
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99165-7040, USA.
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Dormoy A, Froelich N, Leisenbach R, Weschler B, Cazenave JP, Tongio MM. Mono-allelic amplification of exons 2-4 using allele group-specific primers for sequence-based typing (SBT) of the HLA-A, -B and -C genes: preparation and validation of ready-to-use pre-SBT mini-kits. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2003; 62:201-16. [PMID: 12956874 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00035.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Class I allelic typing based on sequencing is reliable, immutable and easy to analyse when only one allele is amplified using a specific mono-allelic technique. A strategy has been developed to selectively amplify exons 2, 3 and 4 of each allele of the three class I loci, previously identified by generic typing, in order to sequence these alleles from their intronic parts in only one direction. This procedure is based mainly on the polymorphism of exon 1 and intron 1 of the HLA-A, -B and -C genes with allele group-specific forward primers and locus-specific reverse primers so as to perform mono-allelic amplification in a 'One Step' pre-sequence-based typing (pre-SBT) PCR. The 5' polymorphism found at each locus is nevertheless not sufficient to discriminate all allelic combinations. Hence exon 2 and exon 3 polymorphism had to be used in a 'Two Step' pre-SBT PCR method to selectively amplify the two alleles in the 1.8%, 7.6% and 0.9% of unresolved combinations found in our laboratory for, respectively, the HLA-A, -B and -C loci. Preparation and validation of 'ready-to-use' aliquots of primer-mixes, pre-SBT buffer and sets of Dye terminator reaction mixtures containing locus-specific intronic primers makes the procedure easy and efficient. The SBT method is the only allelic typing technique used in our laboratory (to date, 742 HLA-A*, 802 HLA-B* and 615 HLA-Cw* alleles have been sequenced) and our successful participation in the national and international quality controls of 4 years ago testifies to the accuracy of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dormoy
- Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilite, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Strasbourg, France.
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20
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Nesci S, Buffi O, Iliescu A, Andreani M, Lucarelli G. Recipient mHag-HA1 disparity and aGVHD in thalassemic-transplanted patients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 31:575-8. [PMID: 12692624 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the influence of HA-1 minor histocompatibility antigen mismatch on BMT outcome, we analyzed a pool of 94 thalassemic transplanted patients all selected for the presence of HLA-A(*)0201 allele. The HA-1 typing was performed using SSP analysis. All the patients received bone marrow from HLA-identical MLC nonresponsive siblings. As graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, all patients received cyclosporin and short methotrexate. Grades II-IV GVHD occurred in five (33.3%) of the 15 patients with recipient HA-1 disparity compared with 14 (17.7%) of the 79 patients without HA-1 disparity. Despite the higher incidence of acute graft-versus-host-disease (aGVHD) in the group of patients with HA-1 incompatibility, these data were not statistically significant. However, it was interesting to observe that no GVHD developed in any of the 15 cases in which the recipient was HA-1 negative and the donor HA-1 positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nesci
- Laboratorio de Ricerca Onco-Ematologico, Dipartimento di Onco Ematologia, Pesaro, Italy
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21
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Moribe T, Hirai H, Kimura M, Inagawa A, Nakatani S, Kaneshige T, Inoko H. Rapid and simultaneous HLA class I (-A, -B and -C loci) DNA typing using the microtitre plate-reverse hybridization assay (MRHA). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY AND IMMUNOGENETICS 2002; 29:191-204. [PMID: 12047354 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2370.2002.00285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have established a precise, rapid, simple and practical HLA class I DNA typing method using the microtitre plate-reverse hybridization assay (MRHA), which enables us to perform simultaneous DNA typing of the HLA-A, -B and -C loci using the same PCR parameters and hybridization conditions. PCR-amplified products for the HLA-A, -B and -C loci were hybridized, respectively, with sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes, which were immobilized covalently onto a microtitre plate, in hybridization buffer containing formamide at 37 degrees C. After washing at room temperature, the bound PCR products were detected by peroxidase-conjugate streptavidine followed by colour development such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In addition to the simple thermoregulation for hybridization and postwashing, strong positive signals, low background and high reproducibility, this DNA typing method enabled simultaneous typing of the HLA-A, -B and -C loci using a single microtitre plate as in HLA serotyping. The assignment of the HLA genotype was easily achieved by automated colorimetric reading and computer software, based on the cut-off value (threshold) established for each probe. For routine HLA class I typing, it may be possible to replace serological typing with the HLA class I DNA typing system using our MRHA method.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Moribe
- Diagnostics Department, Shionogi & Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
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22
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Gerlach JA. Human lymphocyte antigen molecular typing: how to identify the 1250+ alleles out there. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126:281-4. [PMID: 11860300 DOI: 10.5858/2002-126-0281-hlamt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing community was one of the early groups to adopt molecular testing. This action was borne out of the need to identify the many alleles of the highly polymorphic HLA system. Early paradigms used restriction fragment length polymorphism regimes, but the polymerase chain reaction method of amplification quickly replaced that less-than-discriminating choice. Methods currently in use for HLA typing, with commercial kits available, are sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (both dot blot and the reverse blot dot), sequence-specific primer amplification, restriction fragment length polymorphism of amplified products, double-stranded sequence conformation polymorphism (with and without reference strand), sequence-based typing, and microarray technologies. More than 1250 alleles are recognized by the World Health Organization and meet their criteria for assignment. These alleles can be identified by molecular methods and represent alleles present at class I and class II loci of the HLA complex. On occasion, ambiguous results still persist, even with the best molecular typing methods. Therefore, it is clear to the HLA typing community that a combination of the above methods may be needed to allow true discrimination of the possible alleles an individual carries in their genetic makeup. It is also clear that a typing laboratory may need to resort to nonmolecular serology to understand the significance and impact of the type generated by the HLA molecular typing laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Gerlach
- Medical Technology Program and the Department of Human Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1317, USA.
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Kötter I, Günaydin I, Stübiger N, Yazici H, Fresko I, Zouboulis CC, Adler Y, Steiert I, Kurz B, Wernet D, Braun B, Müller CA. Comparative analysis of the association of HLA-B*51 suballeles with Behçet's disease in patients of German and Turkish origin. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2001; 58:166-70. [PMID: 11703824 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.580304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of the different HLA-B*51 suballeles among patients with Behçet's disease (BD) of German (n=33) and Turkish (n=92) origin in comparison to their presence in the respective ethnically matched healthy control groups (German: n=325, Turkish: n=93) was studied. HLA-B*51x was significantly increased in both patient groups in comparison to the controls (Germans: 58% vs. 12%, OR 9.76, P<0.001; Turkish: 75% vs. 25%, OR 9.13, P<0.001). Molecular subtyping of B*51x revealed HLA-B*51011 and B*5108 as the predominant suballeles in both patient groups and controls although with a slightly increased frequency of HLA-B*5108 in the diseased individuals. HLA-B*5105 was the only further HLA-B*51x subtype detected in one Turkish patient heterozygous also for HLA-B*5101. HLA-B*5107 although present in a Turkish as well as German control was absent in the patient groups. There was also a tendency towards a higher degree of homozygosity for HLA-B*51x in both patient groups versus the matched controls (Germans: 10% in patients vs. 2,5% in controls; Turkish: 27% in patients vs. 13% in controls). Our study further supports previous hypothesis of an association of BD with B51 suballeles which share amino-acid residues at positions 63 and 67 as well as at positions 77-83 for specific peptide binding and natural killer (NK)-cell interactions. This applies to HLA-B*5101 and B*5108, but not to HLA-B*5107 different at position 67, which could be negatively associated with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kötter
- Department II of Internal Medicine, Section of Transplantation Immunology and Immunohematology, University Hospital, Otfried-Müller Strasse 10, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Nesci S, Iliescu A, Buffi O, Andreani M, Lucarelli G. A novel HLA-A*02 allele, A*02202, identified by nucleotide sequencing. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2001; 57:367-8. [PMID: 11380949 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report the identification of a new HLA-A*02 allele in two members of an Afghan family. This novel allele, designed as A*02202, differs from A*02201 by a silent substitution at codon 66 (AAC-->AAT) in the alpha1 domain. A*02202 appears to be the result of a novel mutation (Note).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nesci
- Divisione di Ematologia e Centro Trapianti Midollo Osseo di Muraglia, Azienda Ospedale "San Salvatore", Pesaro, Italy.
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Gatz SA, Pohla H, Schendel DJ. A PCR-SSP method to specifically select HLA-A*0201 individuals for immunotherapeutic studies. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2000; 55:532-47. [PMID: 10902609 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550604.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
HLA-A*0201 is an important restriction element for peptide presentation to T cells in disease and cancer. Mutation studies and analyses using cytotoxic T lymphocytes have shown the functional relevance of subtype-specific differences in HLA-A2 molecules for peptide binding and T-cell receptor recognition. Therefore, many immunotherapeutic studies need to accurately select HLA-A*0201-positive individuals. We designed an easy, robust approach based on the polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) to specifically distinguish A*0201-positive individuals from other HLA-A2 subtypes described to date. The first step includes reactions that give information whether the sample donor is HLA-A2 and, if so, whether the individual is homozygous or heterozygous for HLA-A2. Further, it is determined whether the sample has an HLA-A*0209 or an HLA-A*0201 sequence at the corresponding position in exon 4. Samples that may contain an HLA-A*0201 allele according to the results of this first step are subtyped in a second step nested PCR. Here the strategy is focussed on the discrimination of HLA-A*0201 from the other subtypes by considering divergent nucleotide positions in two ways. One SSP combination amplifies the HLA-A*0201 sequence while a corresponding SSP combination specifically amplifies the subtype or group of subtypes differing from HLA-A*0201 at this position. Thus, at relevant polymorphic nucleotide positions the HLA-A*0201 sequence is both directly and indirectly confirmed. This strategy strongly enhances the reliability of the subtyping and allows better verification of HLA-A*0201-positive patient selection for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Gatz
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, GSF National Research Center for the Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
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