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da Silva-Souza HA, Lira MND, Costa-Junior HM, da Cruz CM, Vasconcellos JSS, Mendes AN, Pimenta-Reis G, Alvarez CL, Faccioli LH, Serezani CH, Schachter J, Persechini PM. Inhibitors of the 5-lipoxygenase arachidonic acid pathway induce ATP release and ATP-dependent organic cation transport in macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1967-77. [PMID: 24743022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have previously described that arachidonic acid (AA)-5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) metabolism inhibitors such as NDGA and MK886, inhibit cell death by apoptosis, but not by necrosis, induced by extracellular ATP (ATPe) binding to P2X7 receptors in macrophages. ATPe binding to P2X7 also induces large cationic and anionic organic molecules uptake in these cells, a process that involves at least two distinct transport mechanisms: one for cations and another for anions. Here we show that inhibitors of the AA-5-LO pathway do not inhibit P2X7 receptors, as judged by the maintenance of the ATPe-induced uptake of fluorescent anionic dyes. In addition, we describe two new transport phenomena induced by these inhibitors in macrophages: a cation-selective uptake of fluorescent dyes and the release of ATP. The cation uptake requires secreted ATPe, but, differently from the P2X7/ATPe-induced phenomena, it is also present in macrophages derived from mice deficient in the P2X7 gene. Inhibitors of phospholipase A2 and of the AA-cyclooxygenase pathway did not induce the cation uptake. The uptake of non-organic cations was investigated by measuring the free intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) by Fura-2 fluorescence. NDGA, but not MK886, induced an increase in [Ca(2+)]i. Chelating Ca(2+) ions in the extracellular medium suppressed the intracellular Ca(2+) signal without interfering in the uptake of cationic dyes. We conclude that inhibitors of the AA-5-LO pathway do not block P2X7 receptors, trigger the release of ATP, and induce an ATP-dependent uptake of organic cations by a Ca(2+)- and P2X7-independent transport mechanism in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hercules Antônio da Silva-Souza
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm
| | - Maria Nathalia de Lira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm
| | - Helio Miranda Costa-Junior
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Monteiro da Cruz
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Nogueira Mendes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pimenta-Reis
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm
| | - Cora Lilia Alvarez
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm
| | - Lucia Helena Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Serezani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Julieta Schachter
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm
| | - Pedro Muanis Persechini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e ambiente da Região Amazônica - INPeTAm.
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Kim BJ, Kim SY, Lee S, Jeon JH, Matsui H, Kwon YK, Kim SJ, So I. The role of transient receptor potential channel blockers in human gastric cancer cell viability. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:175-86. [PMID: 22308955 DOI: 10.1139/y11-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, receptor 7 (TRPM7) is a ubiquitous divalent-selective ion channel with its own kinase domain. Human gastric cancer cells express the TRPM7 channel, and the presence of this channel is essential for cell survival. Recent studies have suggested that 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors are potent blockers of the TRPM7 channels. The aim of this study was to show the effects of 5-LOX inhibitors on the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells. Among 5-LOX inhibitors, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (AA861), and 3-[1-(p-chlorobenzyl)-5-(isopropyl)-3-tert-butylthioindol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid (MK886) were potent blockers of TRPM7-like currents in gastric cancer cells and also induced cell death. However, zileuton was ineffective in suppressing TRPM7-like current activity and inducing cell death. Moreover, a specific transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 (TRPC3) inhibitor, a pyrazole compound (Pyr3), and a specific melastatin TRP (TRPM4) inhibitor, 9-phenanthrol, did not affect TRPM7-like currents or induce cell death. We conclude that TRPM7 has an important role in the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells and a likely potential target for the pharmacological treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
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Nieves D, Moreno JJ. Role of 5-lipoxygenase pathway in the regulation of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72:1022-30. [PMID: 16934759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2006] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites control cell proliferation, among other physiologic functions. RAW 264.7 macrophages can metabolise AA through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways. We aimed to study the role of AA-metabolites derived from 5-LOX in the control of RAW 264.7 macrophage growth. Our results show that zileuton, a specific 5-LOX inhibitor, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a non-specific LOX inhibitor, inhibit cell proliferation and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent fashion. Growth inhibition induced by NDGA can be explained by an apoptotic process, while zileuton does not seem to induce apoptosis. Moreover, these treatments delay the cell cycle, as analysed by flow cytometry. On the other hand, the leukotriene (LT) B(4) receptor antagonist U-75302, the LTD(4) receptor antagonists LY-171883 and MK-571, and the cysteinyl-LT receptor antagonist REV-5901 also inhibit cell proliferation and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner, and delay the RAW 264.7 cell cycle. However, these antagonists did not induce annexin V staining, caspase activation or DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exogenous addition of LTB(4) or LTD(4) revert the cell growth inhibition induced by zileuton or the leukotriene receptor antagonists mentioned above. Finally, we observed that LTB(4) and LTD(4), in the absence of growth factors, have pro-proliferative effects on macrophages, and we obtained preliminary evidences that this effect could be through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. In conclusion, our results show that the interaction between LTB(4) and LTD(4) with its respective receptor is involved in the control of RAW 264.7 macrophage growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Nieves
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Huang JK, Chen WC, Huang CJ, Hsu SS, Chen JS, Cheng HH, Chang HT, Jiann BP, Jan CR. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid-induced Ca2+ handling and cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells. Life Sci 2004; 75:2341-51. [PMID: 15350831 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2003] [Accepted: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a compound commonly used as a lipoxygenases inhibitor, on intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was investigated. [Ca2+]i was measured by using the Ca2+ -sensitive dye fura-2. NDGA increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 30 microM. The Ca2+ signal comprised a gradual and sustained increase. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ partly decreased the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, suggesting that the Ca2+ signal was due to both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release. NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was independently confirmed by measuring NDGA-induced Mn2+ -coupled quench of fura-2 fluorescence. The NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was not affected by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+ -free medium, the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase was abolished by pretreatment with 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor), and conversely, pretreatment with NDGA abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. NDGA-induced intracellular Ca2+ release was not altered by inhibition of phospholipase C. Overnight treatment with 20-50 microM NDGA inhibited cell proliferation rate in a concentration-dependent manner. Several other lipoxygenases inhibitors did not alter [Ca2+]i. Collectively, this study shows that in prostate cells, NDGA induced a [Ca2+]i increase via releasing stored Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum in a manner independent of phospholipase C activity, and by causing Ca2+ influx. NDGA also caused cytotoxicity at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Khing Huang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan 813
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Jan CR, Lu YC, Tseng LL, Jiann BP, Chang HT, Wang JL, Chen WC, Huang JK. Effect of the Antidepressant Desipramine on Cytosolic Ca 2+ Movement and Proliferation in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Pharmacology 2003; 69:190-6. [PMID: 14624059 DOI: 10.1159/000073663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2002] [Accepted: 05/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In human osteosarcoma MG63 cells, the effect of desipramine, an antidepressant, on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured by using fura-2. Desipramine (>10 micromol/l) caused a rapid and sustained rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC(50) = 200 micromol/l). Desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was prevented by 80% by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) but was not altered by voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blockers. In Ca(2+)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca(2+)](i) rise, after which the increasing effect of desipramine on [Ca(2+)](i) was abolished; also, pretreatment with desipramine partly reduced thapsigargin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not affect desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Overnight incubation with 10 micromol/l desipramine did not alter cell proliferation, but killed 32 and 89% of cells at concentrations of 100 and 200 micromol/l, respectively. These findings suggest that desipramine rapidly increases [Ca(2+)](i) in osteoblasts by stimulating both extracellular Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release, and is cytotoxic at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan/ROC
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Lee CH, Jang YS, Her SJ, Moon YM, Baek SJ, Eling T. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, an antioxidant, inhibits transforming growth factor-beta activity through the inhibition of Smad signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2003; 289:335-41. [PMID: 14499634 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and its family are potent and multi-functional cytokines that affect various fundamental biological events. TGF-beta has a unique signaling pathway that is carried by Smad family, and many recent studies showed the extensive crosstalk between Smad pathway and other signaling pathway. There were also clear evidences for the involvement of oxidative events in TGF-beta signaling pathway. To elucidate the role of oxidative events in carrying TGF-beta signals, we examined the effect of various antioxidants on TGF-beta activities in osteoblastic cell line. Among the examined compounds, we found nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) has a unique and strong inhibitory effect on various TGF-beta activities. Since the majority of TGF-beta activities are mediated by Smad, we questioned whether NDGA blocks the Smad signaling pathway. The result showed that NDGA inhibits the translocation of Smad2 to the nucleus. Further study revealed the strong inhibitory effect of NDGA on the phosphorylation of Smad2. This result may be important for designing chemical modulators of TGF-beta and its family related events and may provide new insights into the action mechanism of antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangnung National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, 210-702, Republic of Korea
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Lu YC, Kuo SY, Jiann BP, Chang HT, Chen WC, Huang JK, Jan CR. Triethyltin increases cytosolic Ca(2+) levels in human osteoblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2003; 14:1-7. [PMID: 21782656 DOI: 10.1016/s1382-6689(03)00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2002] [Accepted: 12/18/2002] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In human osteosarcoma MG63 cells, effect of triethyltin, an environmental toxicant, on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured by using fura-2. Triethyltin (1-50 μM) caused a rapid and sustained plateau rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC(50)=10 μM). Triethyltin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was prevented by 50% by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) but was not altered by voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blockers. In Ca(2+)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca(2+)](i) rise, after which the increasing effect of triethyltin on [Ca(2+)](i) was attenuated by 60%; also, pretreatment with triethyltin abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase. Depletion of mitochondrial Ca(2+) with carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP; 2 μM) did not affect triethyltin-induced Ca(2+) release. U73122, an inhibitor of phoispholipase C, abolished ATP (but not triethyltin)-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. A low concentration (1 μM) of triethyltin failed to alter ATP and bradykinin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rises. These findings suggest that triethyltin rapidly increases [Ca(2+)](i) in osteoblasts by stimulating both extracellular Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release via as yet unidentified mechanism(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Chau Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, ROC
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