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Péloquin K, Arpin V, Jacmin-Park S, Beaulieu N, Brassard A. A Dyadic Study of Attachment, Coping, and Quality of Life in Couples Seeking Fertility Treatment. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2024; 50:659-674. [PMID: 38721828 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2024.2347422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study examined attachment insecurities, infertility-specific coping strategies, and quality of life (QoL) in 87 couples seeking fertility treatment. Partners completed self-report measures. Path analyses showed that women's and men's attachment anxiety were associated with their own lower QoL, whereas attachment avoidance was associated with their own and their partner's lower QoL. Adaptive coping in men and women were associated with women's higher QoL. Non-adaptive coping was associated with men and women's lower QoL. Coping strategies explained the associations between attachment and QoL. This highlights the importance of individual and dyadic factors for understanding QoL in couples seeking fertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Péloquin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Virginie Arpin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Silke Jacmin-Park
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noémie Beaulieu
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Audrey Brassard
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Yang Y, Chen K, Liang K, Du W, Guo J, Du L. Association between adult attachment and mental health states among health care workers: the mediating role of social support. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1330581. [PMID: 38515978 PMCID: PMC10955139 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To determine the relationships between attachment style, social support, and mental health states, as well as the mediation mechanism within this relationship, we conducted a survey among healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic quarantine. Methods The survey assessed their mental health states, adult attachment style, social support, and some other relevant information. Mental health states were represented by the overall state of sleep, physical and emotional assessment. A multiple mediator model was used to explain how social support could mediate the relationship between attachment and mental health states during COVID-19 quarantine. Results Our findings revealed that 33.3% of the participants experienced emotional issues, 8.5% had sleep problems, and 24.9% reported physical discomfort. The direct effect of adult attachment styles on mental health states during COVID-19 quarantine was significant (c' = -0.3172; p < 0.01). The total indirect effect also showed statistical significance (ab = -0.1857; p < 0.01). Moreover, the total effect of adult attachment styles on mental health states was -0.5029 (c = -0.5029; p < 0.01). Subjective social support and utilization of social support play mediating roles in the relationship between attachment style and mental health states, respectively (ab1 = -0.1287, 95% CI: -0.9120 to -0.3341, ab2 = 0.0570, 95% CI: -0.4635 to -0.1132). Conclusion These findings highlight social support played a mediation role between attachment style and mental health states. Thus, offering social support during a crisis might be useful for those individuals with an insecure attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaichao Chen
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaiwen Liang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanyi Du
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiamei Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lian Du
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Musetti A, Zagaria A, Pezzi M, Fante C, Dioni B, Raffin C, Manari T, Lenzo V, De Luca Picione R. Parental quality of life, child adjustment and adult attachment in parents of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 146:104684. [PMID: 38281373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may experience a lower quality of life (QoL) than parents of offspring with typical development. However, factors associated with parental QoL are not yet fully understood. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the relationships between parental QoL, child adjustment and adult attachment among parents of children and adolescents with ASD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES One hundred and eighty-eight parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD completed a group of self-report questionnaires on sociodemographic variables, QoL (i.e., overall QoL and ASD symptoms-related parental QoL), child adjustment (i.e., offspring's total problems and prosocial behaviors) and adult attachment. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Structural equation modeling revealed that the overall parental QoL was negatively related to children's total problems and positively associated with prosocial behaviors, as well as with higher levels of secure attachment and lower levels of fearful attachment styles. Additionally, ASD symptoms-related parental QoL was negatively associated with the offspring's total problems. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This suggests that child characteristics may interact with parental characteristics to either enhance or compromise the QoL of parents of children and adolescents with ASD. Implications of these findings for promoting parental QoL are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Musetti
- University of Parma Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Sapienza University of Rome Department of Psychology, Roma, Italy
| | - Mattia Pezzi
- University of Parma Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Fante
- Institute for Educational Technologies, National Research Council, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Dioni
- University of Parma Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, Parma, Italy; Fondazione Bambini e Autismo Onlus, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Cinzia Raffin
- Fondazione Bambini e Autismo Onlus, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Tommaso Manari
- University of Parma Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, Parma, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lenzo
- University of Catania Department Educational Sciences, Catania, Italy
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4
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Lee SJ, Jeong EJ, Kim DJ, Kong J. The influence of psychological needs and motivation on game cheating: insights from self-determination theory. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1278738. [PMID: 38187409 PMCID: PMC10770842 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Game cheating (i.e., behavior of violating rules in games by using unregulated Software or assistive devices to gain advantage) poses a fatal problem as it destroys fair competition systems and negatively impacts the game ecosystem. Game cheating is reported to be common in competitive online games because they stimulate strongly a user's motivation and psychological needs. However, there is still in lack of academic research which focused on the issue from the psycho-social perspective. Methods This study investigated the relationships between basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and motivation (i.e., intrinsic and extrinsic) based on self-determination theory, and examined their effects on the degree of game cheating with survey data of 322 gamers in a competitive online gaming community. Results The results showed the opposite associations between the two forms of motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) and game cheating. On one hand, extrinsic motivation decreased by autonomy enhanced the degree of game cheating. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation increased by both autonomy and relatedness finally abated game cheating. Competence did not influence any form of motivation. The results indicated that people motivated by interest or enjoyment (i.e., intrinsic motivation) of the game tend to view game cheating negatively while those motivated by game victory and rewards are likely to have positive attitudes toward game cheating. Increasing the degree of user autonomy and social relations in the game could decrease game cheating through the enhancement of intrinsic motivation. Discussion Digital game cheating is a crucial problem threatening the spread of game culture and the growth of the eSports industry. The findings of this study reveal the influence of psychological needs and intrinsic motivation related to 'game cheating,' providing valuable guidelines in educational and policy aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Je Lee
- Department of Digital Culture and Contents, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jun Jeong
- Department of Digital Culture and Contents, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan J. Kim
- Department of Information Technology and Decision Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Jeonyoung Kong
- School of Game, Dongyang University, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Swab RG, Johnson PD. Attachment, Competitiveness, and Workplace Aggression: A Model of Aggressive Intent and Examination of the Competitive Orientation Scale. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231203568. [PMID: 37751680 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231203568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Workplace aggression consists of harmful actions between co-workers, supervisors, and subordinates. In this series of studies, we draw from attachment theory and competitive personality to develop and test a mediated model of workplace aggression that incorporates relational working models (i.e., attachment style) with competitive orientation to predict aggressive intentions. Our results find that an avoidant attachment style caused by dissociative relational models promotes a preference for aggression through hypercompetitiveness, while other relational models fail to predict aggressive intentions. In addition, we test and incorporate a shortened scale of competitive orientation for greater accessibility in competitiveness studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gabrielle Swab
- Management, Parker College of Business, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Paul D Johnson
- Management, School of Business Administration, University of Mississippi, University Park, MS, USA
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6
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Li Q, Gao M, Deng Y, Zhou Z, Wang J. Parental Attachment and Proactive-Reactive Aggression in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Self-Control and Perspective Taking. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:3437-3446. [PMID: 37664135 PMCID: PMC10473417 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s423270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Identifying risk and protective factors of aggressive behavior during adolescence is beneficial for the intervention and prevention treatments. Although studies show that attachment quality is closely related to aggression, the underlying psychological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the links of parental attachment with proactive and reactive aggression and to examine the mediating role of perspective taking and self-control among Chinese adolescents. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to recruit participants from several high schools located in the central regions of China. A total of 2982 participants (Mage = 17.28, SD = 0.83, range 15~20 years; 1602 girls, 1380 boys) were included in the final analysis. Results Correlation analysis showed that participants possessing higher attachment security with parents were more likely to report lower levels of proactive and reactive aggression. And, self-control and perspective taking were positively associated with parental attachment, and negatively associated with both types of aggression. Moreover, structural equation models indicated that parental attachment directly, and indirectly predicted proactive and reactive aggression through self-control and perspective taking. Discussion Overall, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the explanatory mechanisms that link adolescent-parent attachment and aggression, and suggest that high quality of adolescent-parent interactions may promote adolescents' self-control and perspectives taking, which further reduces their aggression propensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Gao
- Beijing Dentons (Yichang) Law Office, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Deng
- Beijing Dentons (Yichang) Law Office, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongkui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Nunes F, Mota CP, Ferreira T, Schoon I, Matos PM. Stability and Change in Adolescents' Sense of Agency: Contributions of Sex, Multiple Risk, Pandemic Stress, and Attachment to Parents. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1374-1389. [PMID: 36964433 PMCID: PMC10038371 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Although literature states that individual, relational, and contextual factors contribute to adolescents' sense of agency, more research is needed to clarify and understand how adolescents develop this belief over time. The current study examined the stability/change trajectories of the sense of agency during adolescence, specifically across high school, analyzing whether attachment to parents over time, adolescents' sex, cumulative risk in baseline, and pandemic-related stress explained these trajectories. The sample included 467 Portuguese adolescents (40.7% were males; Mage = 15.58 years, SD = 0.80), evaluated three times across 18 months. This work yielded three significant findings. First, adolescents' sense of agency significantly increased over time, with significant between-subject variance at the initial levels but not at the growth rate. Second, attachment to parents consistently links to adolescents' sense of agency across time, despite the differential contributions from attachment to mothers and fathers. Third, boys reported greater growth in the sense of agency than girls. Adolescents' cumulative risk at T1 predicted lower initial levels of sense of agency, whereas higher pandemic-related stress predicted less growth of the sense of agency. These findings emphasize the contributions of individual and family characteristics and the role of the broader social context in shaping the development of adolescents' sense of agency. The findings underline the need to consider further the differential influences of adolescents' relationships with mothers and fathers to understand changes in adolescents' sense of agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Nunes
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto. R. Alfredo, Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto. R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina P Mota
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto. R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta dos Prados, Polo I-UTAD, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto. R. Alfredo, Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto. R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ingrid Schoon
- Social Research Institute, University College London (UCL), 55-56 Gordon Square, London, WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Paula M Matos
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto. R. Alfredo, Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto. R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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Jafary H, Ashrafi E. Attachment and Emotion Regulation: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Iranian and Dutch Gay Men. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:1348-1363. [PMID: 35030059 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.2020545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Negative beliefs and stigmatization of all that is not heterosexual still have an adverse impact on the mental health of the homosexual population in many countries. The purpose of the present study was to comparatively assess how sociocultural differences regarding the level of homosexuality acceptance impact the adult attachment dimensions and emotion regulation strategies among three groups of Iranian and Dutch gay men. A community sample of 124 gay men (40 of Iranians residing in their home country, 41 of Iranians immigrated to the Netherlands and 43 Dutch) participated in the study and completed Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). MANOVA and follow-up post-hoc Tukey tests were conducted in order to analyze the data. Results demonstrated a noticeable difference in both studied variables, attachment dimensions (close, anxiety, and depend) and emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), among the three groups of participants. As the Iranian (residing in Iran) group showed the greatest levels of anxiety and emotional suppression with the lowest levels of close (convenience of getting intimate to others), depend (trust and depend on others to be availabale when needed) and cognitive reappraisal (ability to alter the emotion caused by an event, before experiencing it by reinterpreting the situation), while the highest levels of depend, close and cognitive reappraisal and the lowest levels of anxiety and emotional suppression were seen in the Dutch group. Finally, Iranian gay immigrants came half way between. This data highlights the role of cultural differences in terms of homosexuality acceptance or stigmatization, in the way gay men exhibit their attachment and manage their emotions either by reappraisal or suppression. Comparative cross-cultural studies are possibly able to open paths to new research on psychological factors of non-heterosexuals in different countries with various cultures and religions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Jafary
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Ashrafi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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Park EH, Lee SM. Effects of a Brief Video Intervention on Attitudes Toward Counseling Services. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:967-983. [PMID: 34961383 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211051994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a brief video intervention on attitudes toward counseling services. Two hundred and seventy-seven participants were divided into four groups (anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, fearful-avoidant, and secure) by their attachment scores. Then, the participants of each group were randomly assigned to three conditions (stigma-reducing, utility-enhancing, and control). A split-plot factorial design was performed to examine the intervention effects. The results indicate that the stigma-reducing video intervention was more effective for the anxious-preoccupied group, whereas the utility-enhancing video intervention was more effective for the dismissive-avoidant group than other groups. These results suggest the importance of implementing strategies tailored to each attachment group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Park
- Department of Education, 34973Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Education, 34973Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Gold ER, Carnelley KB, Rowe AC. Attachment security priming: Increasing felt security in adolescents with social, emotional and mental health difficulties. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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11
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Remondi C, Casu G, Pozzi C, Greco F, Gremigni P, Brugnera A. A Serial Mediation Model of Insecure Attachment and Psychological Distress: The Role of Dispositional Shame and Shame-Coping Styles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3193. [PMID: 36833888 PMCID: PMC9966328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Shame is an intense, difficult to regulate, self-conscious emotion that predicts aspects of poor psychological functioning and is also strongly related to early relationships. Attachment insecurities, which constitute non-specific risk factors for psychological maladjustment, have been associated with an individual's tendency to experience shame. In this study, we sought to examine the serial mediating roles of dispositional shame and shame-coping styles (i.e., attack other, attack self, withdrawal and avoidance) in the association between anxious and avoidant attachment, and psychological distress. Using a cross-sectional design, self-reported data were collected. The study sample included 978 respondents (57% female) with a mean age of 32.17 ± 13.48 years. The results of the path analysis indicated that both attachment dimensions were sequentially associated with dispositional shame and then with the attack self shame-coping style, which was, in turn, positively related to psychological distress. Further, attachment insecurities were sequentially associated with dispositional shame and then with the avoidance shame-coping style, which was, in turn, negatively related to psychological distress. The model was gender invariant, suggesting that the serial mediation worked in a similar way for men and women. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Remondi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Casu
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Pozzi
- Independent Researcher, Via Stefano Gobatti 5, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- Independent Researcher, Via Stefano Gobatti 5, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Gremigni
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Agostino Brugnera
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, P.le S. Agostino 2, 29129 Bergamo, Italy
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Lee JYS, Whittingham K, Mitchell AE. Childhood experiences of being parented, adult attachment, psychological inflexibility, social engagement, and mental health of autistic adults. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 130:104343. [PMID: 36152473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autistic adults have an increased risk of poor mental health. Although parental care and overprotection in childhood influence later attachment and mental health in the general adult population, this has not been investigated in the autistic population. Likewise, the roles of psychological inflexibility and social engagement in influencing mental health outcomes for autistic adults have yet to be examined. AIMS To examine if retrospectively recalled childhood experiences of parental care and overprotection, as well as current adult attachment, psychological inflexibility and social engagement are associated with mental health in autistic adulthood. Further, to examine mediators of the association between parental care and overprotection and mental health in autistic adults. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A community-recruited convenience sample of 126 Australian autistic adults completed an online survey assessing childhood experiences of parental care and overprotection and current adult attachment, psychological inflexibility, social engagement, and mental health. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Linear regressions showed that psychological inflexibility was the strongest predictor of depression, anxiety, and stress, followed by attachment anxiety (depression, anxiety) and attachment avoidance (anxiety, stress). Mediation analyses revealed that psychological inflexibility and attachment anxiety mediated the associations between parental care and overprotection and mental health outcomes in autistic adulthood. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Psychological inflexibility and adult attachment (anxious and avoidant attachment) are important to understanding mental health of autistic adults. Psychological inflexibility and attachment anxiety mediate associations between recalled childhood experiences of parental care and overprotection and mental health in autistic adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ying Sarah Lee
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Koa Whittingham
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, UQ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amy E Mitchell
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Brown CC, Durtschi JA, Rosenkranz S, Yorgason J, Topham G, McPhee D. Attachment, Depression, and Health: A Longitudinal Analysis of Those with A Chronic Disease. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-022-09647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Yuan Y, Jiang S, Wen X, Han Z, Wu D, Wang X, Ye T, Hu Y, Jeong J, Xiang M. The Chain-Mediation Pathway of Social Avoidance to Depression in College Students Is Regulated by Self-Esteem. Front Psychol 2022; 13:802161. [PMID: 35656501 PMCID: PMC9152420 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.802161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Here, we investigated the relationship between social avoidance and depression in college students, explored the mediating roles of loneliness and trust, and the regulatory role of self-esteem, to provide a theoretical intervention approach based on internal mechanisms. Methods Using a simple random overall sampling method, 1,021 college students were investigated using self-rating depression, social avoidance and distress, loneliness, interpersonal trust and self-esteem scales. Results There was a significant positive correlation between social avoidance and depression. Loneliness and interpersonal trust played chain-mediating roles between social avoidance and depression. The influence of social avoidance on interpersonal trust was regulated by self-esteem. Specifically, the social avoidance level of the low self-esteem group was more likely to be affected by interpersonal trust issues. Conclusion Social avoidance not only directly affects college students' depression, it also has indirect effects through interpersonal trust and loneliness. Thus, interpersonal trust and loneliness have chain-mediating effects between social avoidance and depression in college students, and self-esteem regulates the mediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Suhua Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Xi Wen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daili Wu
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuanping Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingyang Ye
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Hu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jaesik Jeong
- Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Min Xiang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Berry K, Haddock G, Barrowclough C, Gregg L. The role of attachment, coping style and reasons for substance use in substance users with psychosis. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 29:725-732. [PMID: 34432340 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Seventy substance users with psychosis who were participating in a clinical trial of a psychological therapy for psychosis were additionally assessed for attachment, coping styles and self-reported reasons for substance use in order to test a hypothesized sequential mediation model. In this model the relationship between insecure attachment and problematic substance use was assumed to be sequentially mediated by dysfunctional coping and the use of substances to cope with distress. Hypothesized associations between insecure-avoidant attachment and substance use were not supported, but the relationship between insecure-anxious attachment and problematic substance use was confirmed and found to be fully mediated by dysfunctional coping and coping reasons for use. Findings suggest that fostering secure attachments in people with psychosis might promote more successful coping and could prevent or reduce substance use related problems in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Gillian Haddock
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Christine Barrowclough
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lynsey Gregg
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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16
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Fang CJ, Tong N, Villa RJ, Flores AM, Lim E, Tu A. Adult attachment, stress-coping, and resilience in first-generation immigrants in the United States. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226211022962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have shown correlations between adult attachment, stress-coping, and resilience, but little is known about how attachment and stress-coping affect resilience, particularly among first-generation immigrants. This study explored relationships among adult attachment, stress-coping, and resilience for first-generation immigrants. Method A quantitative cross-sectional design was used to assess associations between adult attachment and stress-coping with resilience among first-generation immigrants. Thirty-five participants answered an online Qualtrics survey. A simple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the results. Results The results indicated statistically significant correlations between avoidance scores and annual household income but not between resilience and education, resilience and income, and stress-coping scores and education and income. Positive reinterpretation growth was positively correlated with resilience, while denial and behavioral disengagement were negatively correlated. Adult attachment and number of years in the United States were not significantly statistically related to resilience. Conclusion The findings indicate high income may be associated with attachment avoidance, and increases in positive coping strategies and decreases in negative coping strategies are associated with resilience among first-generation immigrants. Understanding influences on first-generation immigrants to engage in stress-coping skills may inform the development and implementation of occupational therapy, including programs and interventions for successful client-centered outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Ju Fang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Nenette Tong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Rosely J Villa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Ana M Flores
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Lim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Alexandria Tu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, San José State University, San Jose, CA, USA
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17
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Germani A, Buratta L, Delvecchio E, Gizzi G, Mazzeschi C. Anxiety Severity, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 and Individual Functioning in Emerging Adults Facing the Pandemic. Front Psychol 2020; 11:567505. [PMID: 33364996 PMCID: PMC7750437 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is showing a strong impact on people in terms of uncertainty and instability it has caused in different areas of daily life. Uncertainty and instability are also emotions that characterize emerging adulthood (EA). They generate worries about the present and the future and are a source of anxiety that impacts negatively on personal and interpersonal functioning. Anxiety seems a central effect of the pandemic and recent studies have suggested that it is linked to COVID-19 risk perception. In the present study, a sample of 1045 Italian emerging adults was collected: (1) to assess anxiety severity and perceived risk related to COVID-19 and their association and (2) to compare general health and protective factors such as attitudes about security, relationships, self-esteem, and self-efficacy across anxiety severity and perceived risk categories. The findings of this study highlighted that anxiety severity categories were distributed homogeneously across the sample and that half of the participants referred to moderate-severe anxiety. A series of analysis of variances and post hoc comparisons showed that general health and all protective factors decreased according to anxiety severity. They were higher in participants with high perceived risk, with the exception of self-efficacy. Given the challenging features of the pandemic and EA, it is crucial to monitor anxiety severity in order to prevent last longing effects on mental and physical health, as well as keeping emerging adults informed about the risks related to the pandemic. Intervention and supportive programs based on improving self-esteem and self-efficacy, as well as confidence in relationships, should be offered to emerging adults over the long term, beyond the current outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisa Delvecchio
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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18
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Heinonen K, Räikkönen K, Keltikangas‐Järvinen L, Strandberg T. Adult attachment dimensions and recollections of childhood family context: associations with dispositional optimism and pessimism. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the theoretically inferred but not yet empirically tested association between dispositional optimism–pessimism and attachment security among 423 Finnish women and men. A second‐order latent variable representing a generalized representation of attachment insecurity in close relationships that included two latent constructs, the one representing romantic adult attachment dimensions and the other representing recollections of attachment‐related childhood family relationship, was associated with greater pessimism; the adult attachment dimension of high anxiety had unique and additional explanatory power, not accounted for by the generalized representation of attachment‐related insecurity. The model explained 48% of the variance in pessimism. The results clearly emphasize that additional studies are needed to clarify the role of interpersonal processes in dispositional optimism–pessimism. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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19
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Berber Çelik Ç, Odaci H. Subjective well-being in university students: what are the impacts of procrastination and attachment styles? BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2020.1803211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Berber Çelik
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, RecepTayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Hatice Odaci
- Department of Science Education, Fatih Faculty of Education, Trabzon University, Trabzon, Turkey
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20
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The Psychometric Properties of a Portuguese Version of the Trait-Meta Mood Scale: an Attachment Framework. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Wagner-Skacel J, Bengesser S, Dalkner N, Mörkl S, Painold A, Hamm C, Pilz R, Rieger A, Kapfhammer HP, Hiebler-Ragger M, Jauk E, Butler MI, Reininghaus EZ. Personality Structure and Attachment in Bipolar Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:410. [PMID: 32477186 PMCID: PMC7233168 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An impairment of self and interpersonal functioning has an impact on coping strategies, regulation of affect and stress. Little is known so far about the impairment of personality functioning in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this study is to assess the effects of personality structure and attachment in BD patients on the symptom burden. METHODS Forty-six patients with the diagnosis of BD were assessed by the 12-item Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQS), the short version of Experience in Close Relationship-revised (ECR-R-D), and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI 18) to determine the level of personality functioning, attachment patterns, and symptom load. RESULTS We observed positive correlations between personality difficulties, insecure attachment, and symptom load in patients with BD. A low level of structural integration and an insecure attachment style in patients with BD were accompanied by a significantly higher symptom load (r = 0.66, p ≤ 0.01). Interestingly, there were no significant differences in the structural integration (T(1.44) = -0.93, p = 0.357) and in the attachment style attachment related avoidance: (T(1,44) = 1.50, p = 0.140); attachment related anxiety (T(1,44) = -0.781, p = 0.439) of study participants with BD when compared to the normative value of the general population. LIMITATIONS Our limitations are the small sample size of our group and the lack of a control group. CONCLUSION In general, our results suggest that there is a link between personality structure and affective dynamics including depressive, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in BD. These findings underline the increasing importance of assessing personality structure and attachment for diagnosis and treatment planning of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolana Wagner-Skacel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, MUG, Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Annamaria Painold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Carlo Hamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - René Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Rieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Kapfhammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Hiebler-Ragger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
- Gruener Kreis Society, Center for Integrative Addiction Research, Johnsdorf, Austria
| | - Emanuel Jauk
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mary I. Butler
- Department for Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eva Z. Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria
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22
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Paquette V, Rapaport M, St-Louis AC, Vallerand RJ. Why are you passionately in love? Attachment styles as determinants of romantic passion and conflict resolution strategies. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-020-09821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Fein EC, Benea D, Idzadikhah Z, Tziner A. The security to lead: a systematic review of leader and follower attachment styles and leader–member exchange. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2019.1696774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erich C. Fein
- School of Psychology and Counselling, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Daniela Benea
- School of Psychology and Counselling, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Zahra Idzadikhah
- School of Psychology and Counselling, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Aharon Tziner
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Netanya Academic College, Netanya, Israel
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24
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Brandão T, Matias M, Ferreira T, Vieira J, Schulz MS, Matos PM. Attachment, emotion regulation, and well-being in couples: Intrapersonal and interpersonal associations. J Pers 2019; 88:748-761. [PMID: 31674659 PMCID: PMC7383855 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective There is a well‐established link in the literature between secure romantic attachment orientation and psychological well‐being. The underlying processes of this link and the couple interplay between attachment and well‐being are notably less explored. Using a dyadic framework, this study examines both couple members' emotion regulation strategies as potential mediators of this link. Method One hundred and nineteen heterosexual couples completed self‐report measures on attachment style, psychological well‐being, tendency to suppress emotions, and emotion expression. Analyses were performed using the actor–partner interdependence mediation model that distinguishes between intrapersonal and interpersonal influences. Results Results showed that controlling for relationship length, there was an intrapersonal indirect effect of attachment avoidance on psychological well‐being through emotion suppression. Moreover, interpersonal indirect effects were found (a) with individual attachment avoidance being associated with partner's psychological well‐being through own emotion expression and (b) individual's attachment anxiety being associated with partner's psychological well‐being through both own's emotion expression and partner's emotion suppression. Conclusions These findings highlight the complex associations among attachment, emotion regulation, and well‐being and point out the role of emotion regulation as a potential underlying pathway explaining these associations. The results suggest the importance of considering the relational nature of emotional and attachment dynamics in couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Brandão
- CIP, Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa Luís de Camões, Lisboa, Portugal.,Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Matias
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Vieira
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marc S Schulz
- Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
| | - Paula Mena Matos
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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25
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The Mediating Effects of Parenting Stress, Child’s Temperament and Emotional Regulation in the Relationship Between Mother’s Parenting Sensitivity and Child’s School Readiness. ADONGHAKOEJI 2019. [DOI: 10.5723/kjcs.2019.40.5.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Lopez FG, Hsu PC. Further Validation of a Measure of Parent-Adult Attachment Style. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2002.12069039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick G. Lopez
- Frederick G. Lopez is a professor, and Pei-Chen Hsu is a doctoral student in the Counseling Psychology Program, both at Michigan State University in East Lansing
| | - Pei-Chen Hsu
- Frederick G. Lopez is a professor, and Pei-Chen Hsu is a doctoral student in the Counseling Psychology Program, both at Michigan State University in East Lansing
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27
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Jahng KE, Kim D. College Students’ Adult Attachment and Career Adaptability: Mediation by Maladaptive Perfectionism and Moderation by Gender. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0894845319869536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Career adaptability is a prerequisite for ensuring college students’ career development and effectively solving career-related problems. Given that secure attachment positively contributes to adaptive functioning, this study examined the mediating effect of South Korean college students’ maladaptive perfectionism on the relation between adult attachment insecurity and career adaptability. Further, gender differences in the mediational pathways from attachment insecurity to career adaptability were investigated. Participants include 212 college students (male = 49.1%, female = 50.9%) aged between 19 and 31 years ( M age = 22.50, SD = 2.15) living in South Korea. Results indicated that for male and female students, the relation between attachment insecurity and career adaptability is mediated by maladaptive perfectionism. The multigroup analysis revealed that the relations between attachment insecurity, maladaptive perfectionism, and career adaptability differed by gender. These results emphasize the importance of understanding college students’ personality profiles and supporting their career adaptability based on their personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Jahng
- Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daeun Kim
- Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Mediation effect of adult attachment orientations between perceived parental warmth and the preference for infants. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Kirrane M, Kilroy S, Kidney R, Flood PC, Bauwens R. The relationship between attachment style and creativity: The mediating roles of LMX and TMX. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2019.1646247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melrona Kirrane
- Organizational Psychology, DCU Business School, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven Kilroy
- Human Resource Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Kidney
- DCU Business School, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick C. Flood
- Organizational Behavior, DCU Business School, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robin Bauwens
- Human Resource Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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30
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Heinonen E, Nissen-Lie HA. The professional and personal characteristics of effective psychotherapists: a systematic review. Psychother Res 2019; 30:417-432. [PMID: 31122157 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Psychotherapists differ notably in the outcomes their patients achieve, and the characteristics that may explain these differences have attracted increasing interest. We systematically review studies on therapist pre-treatment characteristics predicting patient outcomes. Method: Systematic searches on databases for psychotherapy research, clinical psychology, and medical science for the years 2000-2018 identified published research examining therapist characteristics and psychotherapy outcomes. Of 2041 studies, 31 met inclusion criteria. Results: Findings show a few direct effects of therapist intrapersonal variables (e.g., self-relatedness, attachment) and several interaction effects with other constructs (e.g., patient pathology) on outcome. There is little support for the relevance of self-rated social skills. However, more consistent evidence has recently emerged for performance-based measurements of professional interpersonal skills, especially when elicited in challenging situations. Patient outcomes were also predicted by therapists' self-rated professional characteristics, such as their experienced difficulties in practice, coping mechanisms, and attitudes towards therapeutic work, indicating that therapist self-perception also matters, although not always in the direction expected. Conclusions: More effective therapists seem characterized by professionally cultivated interpersonal capacities, which are likely rooted in their personal lives and attachment history. Research guidelines are proposed for moving this field forward (including larger samples, multilevel modeling, and in-depth qualitative work).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkki Heinonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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31
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Reizer A. Bringing Self-Kindness Into the Workplace: Exploring the Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Associations Between Attachment and Organizational Outcomes. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1148. [PMID: 31164857 PMCID: PMC6536612 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that individual differences in adult attachment predict several organizational outcomes. However, little is known about the mechanism that underlies these associations. The current study examines whether self-compassion can serve as a potential mediator explaining the associations between individual differences in attachment and organizational outcomes. Four outcome measures were evaluated: job performance (HPQ; Kessler et al., 2003), organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) (Goodman and Svyantek, 1999), turnover intentions (Abrams et al., 1998), and emotional exhaustion (Schaufeli et al., 1996). In addition, participants (N = 202, response rate 81%) also completed several questionnaires assessing attachment style (ECR; Brennan et al., 1998) and self-compassion (SCS; Neff, 2003). Using structural equation modeling (SEM) for testing the research hypotheses, the hypothesized model was supported, with self-compassion mediating the relationship between attachment styles and all four work-related outcomes. The research findings suggest that self-compassion can provide a solid mechanism for understanding organizational outcomes and for understanding individual differences related to attachment functioning in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abira Reizer
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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32
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Yehene E, Zaksh Y, Davidian M, Bar-Nadav O, Elyashiv M. Locked-in your heart-shaped box: Familial-role and attachment orientation as predictors of grief in prolonged disorders of consciousness vs. death. DEATH STUDIES 2019; 44:510-520. [PMID: 30938582 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2019.1586795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Death or prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOC) of a loved one are both considered relational-losses that severely disrupt attachment-bonds. Grief in both conditions was compared by exploring the impact of familial-role and attachment-orientation. In DOC, caregivers' grief was found significantly intensified relative to Death. Familial-role impacted grief in both conditions alike, with partners' heightened grief in DOC reflecting the complexity of their stagnant bonds. In Death, avoidance-attachment mitigated grief, while in DOC anxiety-attachment accentuated grief, we suggest that while physical-separation in death facilitates the modification of continuing attachment-schema, in DOC, modification may be required while the patient is still alive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Yehene
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv - Yafo, Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Yael Zaksh
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv - Yafo, Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Meital Davidian
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv - Yafo, Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Ofri Bar-Nadav
- International Center for the Study of Loss, Bereavement and Human Resilience, Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maya Elyashiv
- Respiratory Rehabilitation Division, Reut Medical-Rehabilitation Center, Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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33
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Correction. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 153:37-50. [PMID: 30908178 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2019.1578153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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34
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Adult Attachment and Differentiation of Self-Constructs: A Possible Dialogue? CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-019-09489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Read DL, Clark GI, Rock AJ, Coventry WL. Adult attachment and social anxiety: The mediating role of emotion regulation strategies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207514. [PMID: 30592712 PMCID: PMC6310265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive evidence relating attachment dimensions to maladaptive interpersonal behaviours and dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies, few studies have explored social anxiety in the context of adult attachment dimensions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether attachment-related anxiety and avoidance are associated with symptoms of social anxiety and whether cognitive emotion regulation strategies (reappraisal and suppression) play a role in the relationship between adult attachment and social anxiety. A sample of 253 adults (male n = 47, 18.6%; female n = 202, 79.8%; gender not disclosed n = 4, 1.6%) ranging in age from 18 to 74 years (M = 33.12, SD = 11.56) completed an online questionnaire that consisted of the Experience in Close Relationships–Revised Questionnaire (ECR-R); The Inventory of Interpersonal Situations Discomfort scale (IIS-D); and The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Results indicated that both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance have a direct effect on indices of social anxiety symptomology. Reappraisal partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and social anxiety. However, the relationship between attachment avoidance and social anxiety was not mediated by the use of reappraisal and suppression. Findings of the study have implications for the development of clinical interventions targeting mediators of psychological distress associated with social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl L. Read
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive & Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Gavin I. Clark
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive & Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam J. Rock
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive & Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - William L. Coventry
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive & Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Metin-Orta I, Metin-Camgöz S. Attachment Style, Openness to Experience, and Social Contact as Predictors of Attitudes Toward Homosexuality. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2018; 67:528-553. [PMID: 30507289 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2018.1547562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considerable research has shown that people generally hold more negative attitudes toward homosexuals. Given this fact, it is important to understand psychological and social correlates of homophobia. With this purpose, the present study investigates attachment styles, openness to experience, and social contact in relation to attitudes toward homosexuals. The findings show that being female, having prior contact with homosexuals, and scoring high in openness to experience predict more favorable attitudes toward homosexuals. The supplementary analyses also support the moderating effect of secure attachment on the relationship between openness to experience and attitudes toward homosexuals. The present study not only extends the related research by examining the interactive effects of attachment style and personality trait, but also provides important implications for researchers, educators, or managers in terms of reducing anti-homosexual attitudes in diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Selin Metin-Camgöz
- Department of Business Administration, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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37
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Oehler M, Psouni E. "Partner in Prime"? Effects of repeated mobile security priming on attachment security and perceived stress in daily life. Attach Hum Dev 2018; 21:638-657. [PMID: 30231750 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2018.1517811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lacking secure attachment representations is associated with vulnerability to mental and physical health problems, perhaps mediated by increased susceptibility to stress and impaired emotion regulation. Even though cognitive representations of self and others tend to favor confirmation over information, research has shown that adult attachment security can be positively influenced. In a randomized control trial using a mixed between- and within-subjects design, participants (N = 112) were mobile primed with attachment security stimulating visualization tasks, over a 7-day period. Self-reported attachment security was unchanged; however, reduced attachment avoidance and perceived stress and increased resilience and self-compassion scores were obtained up to one week after the last prime. Participants who reported less effort and more pleasure in carrying out the visualization tasks experienced the highest gains. Results highlight the potential of mobile attachment security priming for intervention, but also the differential potential of such intervention for people with different attachment orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Oehler
- Department of Psychology, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Elia Psouni
- Department of Psychology, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
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39
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Leenders MVE, Buunk AP, Henkens K. Attachment Avoidance and Attachment Anxiety as Individual Characteristics Affecting Job Search Behavior. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0894845318772091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the relationship was investigated between attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety on the one hand, and job search intention, job search self-efficacy, job search self-esteem, and job search attitude on the other hand. Our sample consisted of 180 employees from an international industrial organization in the Netherlands. Results showed that attachment avoidance had a larger impact on the job search process than attachment anxiety. More avoidantly attached people had lower job search intentions, lower job search self-efficacy, and more negative job search attitudes. Attachment avoidance had an effect on job search intentions through job search self-efficacy and job search attitude but not through job search self-esteem. Attachment anxiety had no effect on job search intention through job search self-efficacy, job search self-esteem, and job search attitude. Attachment style is discussed as individual characteristic that impacts the job search process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique V. E. Leenders
- University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Applied Sciences Drechtsteden, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kène Henkens
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, the Hague, the Netherlands
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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40
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Monteoliva A, García-Martínez JMA, Sánchez Santa-Bárbara E, Calvo-Salguero A. Attachment security, values, and prosocial attitudes. Scand J Psychol 2018; 59:368-377. [PMID: 29665115 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether individuals with different attachment styles held different prosocial values and attitudes given their different models of self and of others. A sample of 717 university students completed the ECR-S (Experiences in Close Relationships-Spanish) and the PVQ (Portrait Values Questionnaire), and evaluated different prosocial attitudes. The results showed that secure individuals reported higher scores on self-transcendence and in the value self-directions of the dimension openness to change, whereas insecure individuals had higher scores on conservation and self-enhancement. No differences were found in the attitudes of individuals with different attachment styles. These findings show a link between the dimensions of the universal values theory, and the models of self and of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaida Monteoliva
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
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41
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Lee DG, Park JJ, Bae BH, Lim HW. Moderating Effects of Prevention-Focus on the Paths from Two Insecure Attachment Dimensions to Depression. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 152:151-163. [PMID: 29377775 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2017.1419159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the moderating effects of prevention-focus on the paths from the dimensions of insecure attachment (attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) to depression. Two hundred twenty eight Korean college students completed the Experience in Close Relationship - Revised Scale; the Regulatory Focus Strategies Scale; and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results revealed a significant moderating effect for prevention-focus on the path from attachment avoidance to depression, but not on the path from attachment anxiety to depression. They further suggest that different interventions are needed for different combinations of persons' insecure attachment dimensions and levels of prevention-focus. Counseling implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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42
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Bishop JL, Norona JC, Roberson PNE, Welsh DP, McCurry SK. Adult Attachment, Role Balance, and Depressive Symptoms in Emerging Adulthood. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-018-9295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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43
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Evaluation of the short form of "Experience in Close Relationships" (Revised, German Version "ECR-RD12") - A tool to measure adult attachment in primary care. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191254. [PMID: 29360832 PMCID: PMC5779670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Attachment theory helps us to understand patients´ health behavior. Attachment styles might explain patient differences in coping behavior, self-treatment, or patient-provider relationships. In primary care time constrains are relevant. A short instrument may facilitate screening and assessment in daily medical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate a 12-item short version of the Experience in Close Relationships-revised (ECR-R-D) to be used in primary care settings. We included 249 patients from ten general practices in central Germany into a cross-sectional study. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the ECR-items. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency. The results related to the short form of the ECR are in line with those of the German full-length version of the measure (ECR-RD 36). Internal consistencies were in an adequate range. The ECR short form can be recommended as a screening measure of attachment styles in primary care.
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Xue Y, Xu ZY, Zaroff C, Chi P, Du H, Ungvari GS, Chiu HFK, Yang YP, Xiang YT. Associations of Differentiation of Self and Adult Attachment in Individuals With Anxiety-Related Disorders. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2018; 54:54-63. [PMID: 27925215 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the levels and associations of differentiation of self based on Bowen's theory and adult attachment in a sample with anxiety-related disorders. DESIGN AND METHODS One hundred fourteen adults with anxiety-related disorders and 117 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited. Levels of differentiation of self, adult attachment, and trait and state anxiety were assessed. FINDINGS Adults with anxiety-related disorders showed significantly lower global levels of differentiation of self after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. Adults with anxiety-related disorders also displayed significantly higher levels of anxiety and avoidant attachment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These constructs may be appropriate targets for intervention research in the study of anxiety-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Attending Psychiatrist at Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, and China Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Depression, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yan Xu
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Psychiatry II, University of Ulm and BKH Günzburg, Ulm, Germany
| | - Charles Zaroff
- Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Peilian Chi
- Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hongfei Du
- Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.,Professor at School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, and a Professor at University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.,Professor at Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yun-Ping Yang
- Attending Psychiatrist at Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, and China Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Depression, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Professor at Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, and China Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Depression, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.,Associate Professor at the Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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45
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Attachment and Mental Help-Seeking in the Perinatal Period: The Role of Stigma. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:92-101. [PMID: 28451843 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at (1) examining how women's attachment representations influence their intentions to seek formal help for their emotional problems, either directly or by affecting attitudes towards professional help-seeking (stigma and psychological openness), and (2) examining whether these effects are moderated by the presence of clinically significant psychopathological symptoms. A cross-sectional online survey including 226 women during the perinatal period was conducted. Results showed that, when clinically significant psychopathological symptoms were present, women's more insecure attachment representations were associated with lower intentions to seek professional help, and this influence occurred throughout a decrease in women's indifference to stigma associated with mental healthcare. These results support both the intra and interpersonal nature of the help-seeking process, and highlight the importance of implementing stigma reduction strategies (e.g., awareness campaigns, health professional's non-judgmental questioning of emotional difficulties), particularly in women with clinically significant psychopathological symptoms.
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46
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Lecompte V, Miconi D, Rousseau C. Challenges related to migration and child attachment: A pilot study with South Asian immigrant mother–child dyads. Attach Hum Dev 2017; 20:208-222. [DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2017.1398765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Miconi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cécile Rousseau
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Johnson BN, Bliwise NG. Your responses guide me: Decreased attachment anxiety through an online relationship-building paradigm. INTERPERSONA: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2017. [DOI: 10.5964/ijpr.v11i1.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to improve self-reported attachment anxiety and avoidance through an online relationship-building paradigm. Seventy-seven undergraduate participants completed an online attachment-focused paradigm in which they developed a relationship with a virtual partner, and fifty participants successfully completed a second laboratory-based phase of the study. During the online phase, all participants completed the Experiences in Close Relationships―Revised questionnaire (ECR-R), the experimental group engaged in an interactive relationship-formation story with a virtual partner designed to enhance secure attachment, and control participants engaged in the program without guidance. Participants then visited the laboratory, were asked to recall the online interaction, and again completed the ECR-R. Overall, participants exhibited a significant decrease in their attachment anxiety, but not avoidance; however, change in attachment security did not differ based on study group. Change in the experimental condition was attributed to the secure focus of the guided interaction with the virtual partner. Change in the control condition, on the other hand, was attributed to general relationship practice and behavioral principles of operant conditioning. These results provide preliminary evidence for the effect of a virtual practice relationship on attitudes towards real-life attachments to significant others.
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48
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Lane JA, Leibert TW, Goka-Dubose E. The Impact of Life Transition on Emerging Adult Attachment, Social Support, and Well-Being: A Multiple-Group Comparison. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel A. Lane
- Department of Counselor Education; Portland State University
| | | | - Emiko Goka-Dubose
- College of Public Health and Human Science; Oregon State University-Cascades
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49
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Geerlings J, Thijs J, Verkuyten M. Student-teacher relationships and ethnic outgroup attitudes among majority students. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Steel C, Macdonald J, Schroder T. A Systematic Review of the Effect of Therapists’ Internalized Models of Relationships on the Quality of the Therapeutic Relationship. J Clin Psychol 2017; 74:5-42. [PMID: 28505384 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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