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Wang J, Liu C, Chen L, Liao Q, Liu G. Development of the social burnout scale for college students. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1295755. [PMID: 38577122 PMCID: PMC10991744 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1295755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Although fruitful achievements have been explored about job burnout, little is known about burnout in the field of social interaction among college students. To address this limitation, this study defined the concept of Social Burnout and developed a measurement tool for it. The study adopted the method of combining qualitative research with quantitative research. After the qualitative study, we gathered examples of social burnout and finished item writing. Using convenient sampling and theoretical sampling methods, six different samples were recruited for reliability and validity testing. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed the scale's two-factor structure: emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Cronbach's alpha measured the internal consistency of the social burnout scale (SBS), which was excellent (Cronbach's alpha of emotional exhaustion = 0.94; depersonalization = 0.82; the overall = 0.92). Susequently, the method of calculating AVE and CR evaluated the scale's convergent and discriminant validity, which were relatively good (AVE of emotional exhaustion = 0.60, depersonalization = 0.59; CR of emotional exhaustion = 0.93, depersonalization = 0.81). Then, regression analysis verified the nomological network and criterion-related validity (r = -0.30, p < 0.01; r = -0.39, p < 0.01; β = -0.25, p < 0.01). The SBS was shown to be a reliable and appropriate measure for assessing students' social burnout. Furthermore, the SBS is recommended for use in academic research and by healthcare professionals to measure students' social distress. Further validation studies of this scale are needed in other cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Longling Chen
- School of Business, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Qiuyue Liao
- School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Jiang X, Zhang N, Sun X, Yang S, Dong M, Yuan Y, Lin Y, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Zhao Q. Rumour type matters: The effect of different types of rumours on coping, subjective well-being, and interpersonal trust during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress Health 2023; 39:1124-1136. [PMID: 37127946 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rumours circulated quickly online and offline during the COVID-19 pandemic, but empirical research on the subject is limited. Combining qualitative (Study 1, content analysis was conducted on 2344 actual rumours extracted from a rumour-refuting website) and quantitative methods (Study 2, a three-wave study with 10-day intervals), the current study suggests that (1) rumours during the pandemic can be categorised into three types, that is, wish, dread, and aggression rumours, and (2) exposure to different types of rumours is associated with coping consequences, subjective well-being (comprising positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction), and interpersonal trust in different ways. Generally, wish rumours seem benign, while dread and aggression rumours are malicious. Specifically, wish rumours are believed to assist coping and to be positively associated with positive affect and interpersonal trust. In contrast, dread rumours are believed not to assist coping and to be marginally significantly and positively associated with negative affect and negatively associated with interpersonal trust. Meanwhile, aggression rumours are believed not to assist coping and are marginally significantly and positively associated with negative affect. All other relationships are nonsignificant. The results of the current study will help national governments and international agencies design and evaluate rumour control strategies and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxi Dong
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yue Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqin Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Department of Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Qi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Ng HKS, Cheung SH. Too hot to help or too cold to care? On the links between ambient temperature, volunteerism, and civic engagement. Br J Psychol 2023; 114:945-968. [PMID: 37309918 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between ambient temperature and prosocial behaviour in real-life settings. It was guided by two mechanisms of opposite predictions, namely (1) higher temperatures decrease prosociality by harming well-being, and (2) higher temperatures increase prosociality by promoting the embodied cognition of social warmth. In Study 1, U.S. state-level time-series data (2002-2015) supported the first mechanism, with higher temperatures predicting lower volunteer rates through lower well-being. Study 2 furthered the investigation by probing the relationship between neighbourhood temperature and civic engagement of 2268 U.S. citizens. The data partially supported the well-being mechanism and reported findings contradictory to the social embodiment mechanism. Higher temperatures predicted lower interpersonal trust and subsequently lower civic engagement. The unexpected finding hinted at a cognitive effect of heat and a compensatory mechanism in social thermoregulation. We discussed the findings regarding their methodological strengths and weaknesses, with cautions made on ecological fallacies and alternative models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Kin Shing Ng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sing-Hang Cheung
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Suzuki Y, Sakamoto S. Development of the "Belief of Affective Perspective-Taking Ability Scale". Psychol Rep 2023; 126:2551-2563. [PMID: 35084242 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221075751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop the Belief of Affective Perspective-Taking Ability Scale (BAPTAS). The belief of affective perspective-taking ability is defined as the tendency of individuals to believe people are generally capable of taking others' perspectives and imagining others' emotions, and we developed 17 items for BAPTAS. The participants in the study comprised 151 university students, who answered the BAPTAS, Experience of Receiving Empathy Scale (ERES), perspective-taking tendency, Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS), and UCLA loneliness scale in Japanese (ULS-J). Thus, 13 items were constructed, and the scores of BAPTAS showed a normal distribution (M = 4.52, SD = 0.97). BAPTAS is positively related to ERES, a perspective-taking tendency and ITS, and it is negatively related to ULS-J. The relations between BAPTAS and other scales correspond to our previous expectations. We discussed both the potential contribution of BAPTAS to perspective-taking and empathy research and the need to examine its validity experimentally. Our hypothesis was supported, and the validity and reliability of BAPTAS were confirmed.
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Clarke A, Rose TA, Meredith PJ. Language skills and interpersonal trust in adolescents with and without mental illness. Int J Speech Lang Pathol 2023; 25:589-607. [PMID: 35614858 DOI: 10.1080/17549507.2022.2075466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim was to compare adolescents with mental illness and non-clinical adolescents on vocabulary, social problem-solving, trust in parents, attachment and mentalisation. A secondary aim was to investigate whether adolescents' language skills were associated with trust in parents. METHOD Seventy-eight adolescents (16-18 years) participated in this cross-sectional quantitative study: a clinical sample (n = 28, M = 16.7 years, 19F) recruited from a mental health service and a non-clinical sample (n = 50, M = 17.0 years, 28F). Standardised language measures and self-report measures of trust in parents; communication quality; attachment; and mentalisation were used. Primary and secondary aims were addressed through independent samples t-tests and Pearson's correlation analyses, respectively. RESULT Adolescents experiencing mental illness reported significantly poorer vocabulary, less trust in mother/father, greater attachment anxiety/avoidance, and poorer reflective functioning, than non-clinical adolescents. Expressive vocabulary of clinical (but not non-clinical) adolescents significantly negatively correlated with trust in mother (but not father). CONCLUSION Results highlight a role for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in supporting communication needs of adolescents with mental illness. SLPs should consider trust by: i) understanding adolescents with mental illness may have difficulty trusting them potentially impacting therapeutic engagement; and ii) delivering services in ways that might build trust, such as involving adolescents in treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Clarke
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- Assertive Mobile Youth Outreach Service, Child and Youth Mental Health Services, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tanya A Rose
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Pamela J Meredith
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
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Chung AF, Teasell MJ, Pergher V, Thornton AE, Thornton WL. Fear of COVID-19 is associated with trust, subjective numeracy, and differentially with loneliness in older versus younger adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1080631. [PMID: 36844317 PMCID: PMC9946039 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1080631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting public health emergency are only beginning to be understood. Methods We assessed the contributions of emotional and cognitive factors and age-related comorbidities to greater COVID-19 fear in a community dwelling sample of 142 younger (Mage = 19.63, SDage = 2.59) and 157 older (Mage = 72.01, SDage = 7.06) adults, between July 2020 and July 2021. We hypothesized that individuals with increased loneliness, depression, and/or decreased subjective numeracy (SN) and interpersonal trust would experience more COVID-19 fear. We also predicted that females and older adults would experience more COVID-19 fear given that age-related comorbidities are associated with increased illness severity. Results Results showed that the extent of loneliness in older adults was more strongly related to fear of COVID-19 than it was in younger adults (β = 0.197, p = 0.016), and poorer SN was associated with increased COVID-19 fear in both age groups (β = -0.138, p = 0.016). Further, higher interpersonal mistrust was associated with increased COVID-19 fear (β = 0.136, p = 0.039), as was identifying as female (β = 0.137, p = 0.013). Discussion Given that self-described poor numeracy was a marker for greater COVID-19 fear, investigators and policy makers might consider mitigation opportunities addressing data literacy requirements imposed by the media. Further, outreach to mitigate loneliness, particularly of the elderly, might effectively lessen the negative psychological impact of this ongoing public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F. Chung
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Valentina Pergher
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Allen E. Thornton
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy Loken Thornton
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada,*Correspondence: Wendy Loken Thornton,
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Li D, Ma X, Chen L. Relationship Between Mental Health Education Competency and Interpersonal Trust Among College Counselors: The Mediating Role of Neuroticism. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:169-177. [PMID: 36699988 PMCID: PMC9869792 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s389504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Based on the motivated cognition account, this study aimed to explore the relationship between mental health education competency and interpersonal trust among college counselors, as well as the mediating effect of neuroticism. Materials and Methods A total of 483 college counselors were selected, including 155 men and 328 women. The youngest college counselor was 22 years old and the oldest was 56 years old (M = 31.69, SD = 6.12). The college counselors were asked to fill out the Mental Health Education Competency Scale for College Counselors, a 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory, and an Interpersonal Trust Scale. Results (1) This study found a significantly positive correlation between mental health education competency and interpersonal trust. (2) Mental health education competency and interpersonal trust were negatively correlated with neuroticism. (3) The mediating role of neuroticism in the association between mental health education competency and interpersonal trust was significant. Conclusion Mental health education competency partly affected interpersonal trust via the mediating effect of neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Beihang University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiting Ma
- Positive Psychology Experience Center, Beihang University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Marxism, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Liang Chen, Email
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Silitonga HTH, Salim LA, Nurmala I, Hargono R, Notobroto HB, Hartini N, Purwandini S. The role of social support and interpersonal trust to improve compliance of iron supplementation amongst adolescent girls: A qualitative approach. Niger Postgrad Med J 2023; 30:75-80. [PMID: 36814167 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_277_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Context Adolescence is a crucial phase in preventing and controlling anaemia. One of the efforts made by the Indonesian government to overcome adolescent girl's anaemia is the iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation programme. This programme is one of the most effective interventions that various countries have used to overcome anaemia. The key to the success of the supplementation of IFA is the compliance of adolescent girls. Aims This study investigates the compliance and its contributing factors of IFA supplementation and the role of social support and interpersonal trust as a source of information and reminder amongst adolescent girls in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Methods This research was a qualitative study using the in-depth interview to collect data. Thirteen adolescent girls from three high schools in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, were recruited using a snowball sampling technique. Results Most of the girls did not comply with IFA supplementation. Contributing factors were the influence of peers, influence of teachers, parental influence, risk and benefit of taking IFA tablet and also failure to remember to take IFA tablet. The social environment that provided information and reminder came from teacher, parent, peer and also health worker. Interpersonal trust was needed to have positive perceived social support. Conclusions Compliance with the consumption of IFA supplements requires the cooperation of various parties (teachers, parents, peers and health workers) and also interpersonal trust between adolescent girls to their social environment so the programme could be run optimally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Tabita Hasianna Silitonga
- Doctoral Program of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga; Department of Public Health, Preventive Medicine, Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Indonesia
| | - Lutfi Agus Salim
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Ira Nurmala
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Rachmat Hargono
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Hari Basuki Notobroto
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Hartini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Septiana Purwandini
- Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Xie X, Bertram T, Zorjan S, Horvat M, Sorg C, Mulej Bratec S. Social reappraisal of emotions is linked with the social presence effect in the default mode network. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1128916. [PMID: 37032933 PMCID: PMC10076786 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1128916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social reappraisal, during which one person deliberately tries to regulate another's emotions, is a powerful cognitive form of social emotion regulation, crucial for both daily life and psychotherapy. The neural underpinnings of social reappraisal include activity in the default mode network (DMN), but it is unclear how social processes influence the DMN and thereby social reappraisal functioning. We tested whether the mere presence of a supportive social regulator had an effect on the DMN during rest, and whether this effect in the DMN was linked with social reappraisal-related neural activations and effectiveness during negative emotions. Methods A two-part fMRI experiment was performed, with a psychotherapist as the social regulator, involving two resting state (social, non-social) and two task-related (social reappraisal, social no-reappraisal) conditions. Results The psychotherapist's presence enhanced intrinsic functional connectivity of the dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC) within the anterior medial DMN, with the effect positively related to participants' trust in psychotherapists. Secondly, the social presence-induced change in the dACC was related with (a) the social reappraisal-related activation in the bilateral dorsomedial/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the right temporoparietal junction and (b) social reappraisal success, with the latter relationship moderated by trust in psychotherapists. Conclusion Results demonstrate that a psychotherapist's supportive presence can change anterior medial DMN's intrinsic connectivity even in the absence of stimuli and that this DMN change during rest is linked with social reappraisal functioning during negative emotions. Data suggest that trust-dependent social presence effects on DMN states are relevant for social reappraisal-an idea important for daily-life and psychotherapy-related emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyao Xie
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Teresa Bertram
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Saša Zorjan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marina Horvat
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Satja Mulej Bratec
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Satja Mulej Bratec,
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Ikram M, Shaikh NF, Vishwanatha JK, Sambamoorthi U. Leading Predictors of COVID-19-Related Poor Mental Health in Adult Asian Indians: An Application of Extreme Gradient Boosting and Shapley Additive Explanations. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:775. [PMID: 36613095 PMCID: PMC9819341 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in poor mental health among Asian Indians was observed in the United States. However, the leading predictors of poor mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asian Indians remained unknown. A cross-sectional online survey was administered to self-identified Asian Indians aged 18 and older (N = 289). Survey collected information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics and the COVID-19 burden. Two novel machine learning techniques-eXtreme Gradient Boosting and Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to identify the leading predictors and explain their associations with poor mental health. A majority of the study participants were female (65.1%), below 50 years of age (73.3%), and had income ≥ $75,000 (81.0%). The six leading predictors of poor mental health among Asian Indians were sleep disturbance, age, general health, income, wearing a mask, and self-reported discrimination. SHAP plots indicated that higher age, wearing a mask, and maintaining social distancing all the time were negatively associated with poor mental health while having sleep disturbance and imputed income levels were positively associated with poor mental health. The model performance metrics indicated high accuracy (0.77), precision (0.78), F1 score (0.77), recall (0.77), and AUROC (0.87). Nearly one in two adults reported poor mental health, and one in five reported sleep disturbance. Findings from our study suggest a paradoxical relationship between income and poor mental health; further studies are needed to confirm our study findings. Sleep disturbance and perceived discrimination can be targeted through tailored intervention to reduce the risk of poor mental health in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center [North], P.O. Box 9510, Morgantown, WV 26506-9510, USA
| | - Nazneen Fatima Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center [North], P.O. Box 9510, Morgantown, WV 26506-9510, USA
| | - Jamboor K. Vishwanatha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Usha Sambamoorthi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Wang P, Gao P, Yu Z. The role of social exclusion in the formation of suicidal ideation among the elderly in rural pension institutions. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1019898. [PMID: 36570993 PMCID: PMC9780458 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social exclusion as well as a sense of belonging and depression have been identified as risk factors for suicide among older adults in pension institutions. In particular, the elderly living in rural pension institutions is more likely to have poor mental health and a higher incidence of suicidal ideation. This study explored the mechanism of social exclusion on suicidal ideation among the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the moderating effect of interpersonal trust. Methods The social exclusion experience scale, sense of belonging, depression self-rating scale (CES-D), suicidal ideation scale (BSI-CV), and interpersonal trust scale (ITS) were used to investigate the elderly in rural pension institutions. A total of 1,387 samples (53.35% female) were collected, ranging in age from 65 to 95 years (M = 72.8, SD = 6.173). Results The results of the study found that: (1) social exclusion increases the suicidal ideation of the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the sense of belonging and depression play a significant chain-mediated role in the relationship between social exclusion and suicidal ideation in the elderly. (2) Interpersonal trust moderates the impact of social exclusion on the sense of belonging, depression, and suicidal ideation. Specifically, interpersonal trust can alleviate the promotion effect of social isolation on suicidal ideation and depression, and can also reduce the adverse effect of social exclusion on the sense of belonging. Discussion This study validates that social exclusion is a risk factor for suicidal ideation in the rural elderly and identifies interpersonal trust as a protective factor against social exclusion and its negative outcomes in the elderly. This study provides a scientific basis for improving the depression status of the elderly in rural China and formulating suicide prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingda Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Economics and Management, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- School of Business, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China
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Liu B, Yang T, Xie W. Emotional Regulation Self-Efficacy Influences Moral Decision Making: A Non-Cooperative Game Study of the New Generation of Employees. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16360. [PMID: 36498436 PMCID: PMC9740886 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Scholars generally believe that personality characteristics and psychological factors influence individual moral decision-making. However, few have ever discussed specific psychological factors and characteristics having such influences. Based on the self-efficacy theory and the social identity theory, this paper has proposed, from the perspective of social cognition, that emotional regulation self-efficacy influences the moral decision-making of the new generation of employees and that the mediating effect of interpersonal trust and the regulating effect of communication also play a role in the decision-making process. This study has designed a “red-blue experiment” based on the complete static information model in the non-cooperative game theory so as to conduct an experimental and qualitative analysis for the new generation of employees and to explore the characteristics of psychological process, self-efficacy, and moral decision-making of the experimental population. Through analysis of the 138 data sources collected from the experiment, the results showed that emotional self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on moral decision-making (p < 0.01), emotional self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on interpersonal trust (r = 0.560, p < 0.01), and interpersonal trust had a significant positive effect on moral decision-making (r = 0.290, p < 0.01). The mediating effect was 0.163. The interaction terms of emotional regulation self-efficacy and communication effect had a significant negative effect on interpersonal trust (r = −0.221, p < 0.01). All the hypotheses proposed in this study are supported by experimental data and reveal the psychological mechanism of moral decision-making in the new generation of employees. The study has further shown that the moral education of the new generation of employees needs to focus on improving emotional regulation self-efficacy and enhancing interpersonal trust, which provides theoretical support for the moral education methods and paths of the new generation of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-135-4018-7497
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Wang J, Jin W, Shi L, Geng Y, Zhu X, Hu W. Health-Related Quality of Life in Children: The Roles of Age, Gender and Interpersonal Trust. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15408. [PMID: 36430127 PMCID: PMC9690605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an interesting topic in health care sciences and psychology. Deeper insight into the internal mechanism of this effect through large samples is crucial to further understanding HRQoL and making targeted suggestions to improve HRQoL. The present study aims to investigate the mediating role of interpersonal trust between age and HRQoL from a developmental lens. The purpose of this study was to profile the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 generic scale in China and test the relationship between age and health-related quality of life, as well as the mediating role of interpersonal trust and the moderating role of gender. A sample of 6248 children completed measures of demography, health-related quality of life, and interpersonal trust. Regression analyses were performed to test the mediating role of interpersonal trust and the moderating role of gender. Age was associated with lower health-related quality of life and lower interpersonal trust. Similarly, gender differences were also noted, with boys reporting higher health-related quality of life and lower interpersonal trust than girls. Additionally, the health-related quality of life of girls declined more than that of boys with increasing age. Regression analyses revealed that age could predict decreased health-related quality of life via lower levels of interpersonal trust. What is more, the mediation effect was moderated by gender, with the observed mediation effect being stronger among boys than girls. The current study replicates age and gender differences in health-related quality of life and interpersonal trust. Moreover, this study explained how and when age affected the health-related quality of life of children, and provided a deeper understanding of the relation between age and health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Politics and Public Administration, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjing Jin
- School of Marxism, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liping Shi
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yaoguo Geng
- School of Marxism, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueli Zhu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wanying Hu
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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14
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Wu W, Li L, Chen H, Xu M, Yuan Y. Farmers' Preference for Participating in Rural Solid Waste Management: A Case Study from Shaanxi Province, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14440. [PMID: 36361319 PMCID: PMC9655139 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rural solid waste management is an important method to improve rural living environments. Farmers' participation in rural solid waste management plays an essential role in sustainable waste management. Based on the micro-survey data of 592 farmers in Shaanxi province, a multinomial logit model was applied to explore farmers' preferences for participating in rural solid waste management. The empirical results show that both institutional and interpersonal trust have significant positive effects on farmers' payment participation, and labor and payment participation. Among environmental awareness, farmers with pro-environmental behavior prefer labor participation, and labor and payment participation; the more environmental knowledge farmers have, the stronger their preferences for payment participation, labor and payment participation, and labor participation; farmers concerned about environmental problems are more inclined to adopt labor and payment participation or payment participation. For socio-demographic characteristics, gender has no significant influence, while agricultural net income and education can significantly increase farmers' willingness to participate; farmers who have migrant work experience prefer to participate in payment; there are obvious intergenerational differences in the influence of social trust and environmental awareness on farmers' participation preference. Therefore, providing diversified participation modes, creating a good social trust environment, and enhancing farmers' awareness of environmental care are important in promoting rural solid waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Wu
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- School of Economics and Resource Management, Beijing Normal University, Haidian, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hanxin Chen
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Minyue Xu
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yalin Yuan
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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15
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Martinez AP, Shevlin M, Valiente C, Hyland P, Bentall RP. Paranoid beliefs and conspiracy mentality are associated with different forms of mistrust: A three-nation study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1023366. [PMID: 36329737 PMCID: PMC9623260 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1023366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Paranoia and conspiracy are terms typically used interchangeably. However, although the underlying content of these types of beliefs might be similar (e.g., seeing others as powerful and threatening), recent research suggests that these constructs differ in important ways. One important feature shared by both constructs is excessive mistrust but this aspect might play different roles in each belief system. In this study we explored the strength of associations of different trust predictors (i.e., trust in institutions, trust in sources of information, perceptual trust, and interpersonal trust) between conspiracy mentality and paranoid beliefs. We tested this association in a large representative multinational sample (United Kingdom n = 2025; Spain n = 1951; and Ireland n = 1041). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model of conspiracy and paranoid beliefs in each nation sample. Path and equality of constraints analysis revealed that paranoia was more strongly associated with perceptual mistrust (bias towards mistrusting unfamiliar faces) whereas conspiracy was more strongly associated with mistrust in political institutions. Although interpersonal mistrust and trust in social sources of information were associated significantly with conspiracy their association with paranoid beliefs was stronger. These findings clarify the role of different trust processes in both belief systems. Limitations of this study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton P. Martinez
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Shevlin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Valiente
- Department of Personality Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philip Hyland
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Richard P. Bentall
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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16
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Zhang F, Liu D, Geng X. Job Mobility and Subjective Well-Being among New-Generation Migrant Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Trust. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11551. [PMID: 36141822 PMCID: PMC9517553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
New-generation migrant workers refers to those born in 1980 or thereafter, who become the majority of rural-urban migrants. New-generation migrant workers in Chinese cities are struggling with a lack of urban resources, which may lead to low well-being. On the basis of a questionnaire survey of 203 new-generation migrant workers, we used a multiple regression analysis to study new-generation migrant workers' well-being and the mechanism underlying the effect of job mobility on well-being. The job mobility scale, interpersonal trust scale, and Affect Balance Scale were used. Results showed that job mobility was positively correlated with new-generation migrant workers' subjective well-being and interpersonal trust, and interpersonal trust was positively correlated with subjective well-being. Interpersonal trust mediated the effect of job mobility on subjective well-being. In conclusion, job mobility can bring some benefits to new-generation migrant workers, that is, job mobility may increase their subjective well-being by increasing their interpersonal trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
- Institute for Education and Treatment of Problematic Youth, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xiaowei Geng
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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17
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Wu J, Chen Y, Pan H, Xu A. Influence of Multi-Role Interactions in Community Group-Buying on Consumers' Lock-In Purchasing Intention From a Fixed Leader Based on Role Theory and Trust Transfer Theory. Front Psychol 2022; 13:903221. [PMID: 35783755 PMCID: PMC9240223 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Community group-buying platforms are increasingly relying on the interaction between the group-buying leader and consumers, thereby achieving the customer lock-in. In view of this, it is crucial to understand how the group-buying leader to establish a long-term transaction relationship with consumers. In this study, we construct a model based on the role theory and trust transfer theory, and identify two types of interactions of the group-buying leader (i.e., role interaction of merchant and role interaction of friend) and two types of consumer trust (i.e., community group-buying trust and interpersonal trust). Then, the mechanism that how different role interactions of the group-buying leader can be transformed into the lock-in purchasing intention of consumers is further clarified. By interviewing 430 consumers with community group-buying experience in the community through offline questionnaire, the research model has been proven to be effective. To be specific, both role interactions of the merchant and friend can impose a positive impact on interpersonal trust, which will also lead to the trust in community group-buying, and thus enhance the lock-in purchasing intension of consumers from a fixed leader. Overall, this study has made certain contributions to the study of customer relationship. In theory, this study further explains the explanation mechanism of the "acquaintance marketing" phenomenon. Moreover, this study adopts the role theory to analyze the differences of different role interactions of the group-buying leader in relationship quality and purchase decision making, and employs the trust transfer theory to expand the trust transfer effect from the interpersonal trust of the group-buying leader to the trust in community group-buying. In practice, this study provides a new perspective and practical reference for community group-buying enterprises and the group-buying leader on how to better manage customers and maintain a long-term and stable customer relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anxin Xu
- College of Economics and Management, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Yuan Y, Jiang S, Wen X, Han Z, Wu D, Wang X, Ye T, Hu Y, Jeong J, Xiang M. The Chain-Mediation Pathway of Social Avoidance to Depression in College Students Is Regulated by Self-Esteem. Front Psychol 2022; 13:802161. [PMID: 35656501 PMCID: PMC9152420 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.802161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Here, we investigated the relationship between social avoidance and depression in college students, explored the mediating roles of loneliness and trust, and the regulatory role of self-esteem, to provide a theoretical intervention approach based on internal mechanisms. Methods Using a simple random overall sampling method, 1,021 college students were investigated using self-rating depression, social avoidance and distress, loneliness, interpersonal trust and self-esteem scales. Results There was a significant positive correlation between social avoidance and depression. Loneliness and interpersonal trust played chain-mediating roles between social avoidance and depression. The influence of social avoidance on interpersonal trust was regulated by self-esteem. Specifically, the social avoidance level of the low self-esteem group was more likely to be affected by interpersonal trust issues. Conclusion Social avoidance not only directly affects college students' depression, it also has indirect effects through interpersonal trust and loneliness. Thus, interpersonal trust and loneliness have chain-mediating effects between social avoidance and depression in college students, and self-esteem regulates the mediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Suhua Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Xi Wen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daili Wu
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuanping Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingyang Ye
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Hu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jaesik Jeong
- Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Min Xiang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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19
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Graves M, Penner F, Sharp C. Interpersonal trust in adolescents with psychiatric disorders and borderline pathology. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2021; 9:176-186. [PMID: 34805011 PMCID: PMC8596190 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescents with features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) may experience deficits in interpersonal trust; however, a simultaneous comparison of interpersonal trust among adolescents with BPD, other psychiatric disorders, and no psychiatric conditions (healthy controls) has never been conducted. Objective: The aims of this study were to 1) explore differences in interpersonal trust (emotional trust, honesty beliefs, and reliability beliefs) between these three groups, and 2) examine the incremental value of BPD features in association with interpersonal trust over and above internalizing and externalizing. Method: Adolescents (N = 445, 67.9% female, Mage = 15.13) recruited from two psychiatric hospitals (psychiatric sample, n = 280) and community organizations (healthy sample, n = 165) completed measures of BPD features, interpersonal trust, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Psychiatric adolescents also completed an interview assessing BPD (n = 83 BPD). ANCOVA and hierarchical linear regression were used for analyses. Results: Emotional trust differed significantly across all three groups, with the lowest level of emotional trust in adolescents with BPD. Reliability was also lower in the two psychiatric groups relative to healthy controls. BPD features were significantly, inversely associated with emotional trust and reliability beliefs when controlling for internalizing and externalizing pathology. Post-hoc analyses testing specificity of the three forms of trust found that lower emotional trust predicted BPD diagnosis over and above the other two forms of trust. Conclusions: Findings highlight emotional trust as a correlate and important target of intervention for adolescents with BPD, and add to knowledge on interpersonal trust deficits for adolescents with psychiatric disorders more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Penner
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carla Sharp
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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20
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Zhang M, Ding S, Liu Y, Li H, Zhu Y, Qin C. Influence of Emojis on Online Trust Among College Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:747925. [PMID: 34790151 PMCID: PMC8591041 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.747925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emojis are increasingly used in online communication and expression, however, most previous studies have focused on describing this phenomenon, but less on how it affects interpersonal trust relationships. Therefore, this study examines the effect of emojis on online interpersonal trust among college students through three experiments. A total of 62 college students were recruited for Experiment 1. The results demonstrated that positive emoji () improved the level of trust of trustors in the trust game [t(60) = –2.79, p = 0.007], whereas that of the control group exerted no effect on the initial level of online trust among college students. Then, 74 college students were selected for Experiment 2. The results indicated no significant differences between the experiment and control groups in terms of the influence of negative emojis () on initial online trust using. A joint analysis (via ANOVA) of Experiments 1 and 2 illustrated that the type of emoji exerted a significant effect [F(2,96) = 3.96, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.08] on college students’ online trust. Finally, we recruited 111 participants for Experiment 3 to explore the role of emojis on online trust among acquaintances. The results suggested that the individual propensity to trust plays a moderate role in the relationship between emojis and online trust among acquaintances. That is, emojis influenced interpersonal trust among acquaintances only if the level of propensity to trust, is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuheng Ding
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Liu
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Zhu
- Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlei Qin
- Office of Human Resources, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
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21
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Lieberz J, Shamay‐Tsoory SG, Saporta N, Esser T, Kuskova E, Stoffel‐Wagner B, Hurlemann R, Scheele D. Loneliness and the Social Brain: How Perceived Social Isolation Impairs Human Interactions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2102076. [PMID: 34541813 PMCID: PMC8564426 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness is a painful condition associated with increased risk for premature mortality. The formation of new, positive social relationships can alleviate feelings of loneliness, but requires rapid trustworthiness decisions during initial encounters and it is still unclear how loneliness hinders interpersonal trust. Here, a multimodal approach including behavioral, psychophysiological, hormonal, and neuroimaging measurements is used to probe a trust-based mechanism underlying impaired social interactions in loneliness. Pre-stratified healthy individuals with high loneliness scores (n = 42 out of a screened sample of 3678 adults) show reduced oxytocinergic and affective responsiveness to a positive conversation, report less interpersonal trust, and prefer larger social distances compared to controls (n = 40). Moreover, lonely individuals are rated as less trustworthy compared to controls and identified by the blinded confederate better than chance. During initial trust decisions, lonely individuals exhibit attenuated limbic and striatal activation and blunted functional connectivity between the anterior insula and occipitoparietal regions, which correlates with the diminished affective responsiveness to the positive social interaction. This neural response pattern is not mediated by loneliness-associated psychological symptoms. Thus, the results indicate compromised integration of trust-related information as a shared neurobiological component in loneliness, yielding a reciprocally reinforced trust bias in social dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lieberz
- Division of Medical PsychologyDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital Bonn53105BonnGermany
| | | | - Nira Saporta
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of HaifaHaifa3498838Israel
| | - Timo Esser
- Division of Medical PsychologyDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital Bonn53105BonnGermany
| | - Ekaterina Kuskova
- Division of Medical PsychologyDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital Bonn53105BonnGermany
| | - Birgit Stoffel‐Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of Bonn53105BonnGermany
| | - René Hurlemann
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oldenburg26129OldenburgGermany
- Research Center Neurosensory ScienceUniversity of Oldenburg26129OldenburgGermany
| | - Dirk Scheele
- Division of Medical PsychologyDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital Bonn53105BonnGermany
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oldenburg26129OldenburgGermany
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22
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Chen G, Tan W, Zhang S, Yan B. Influence of Interpersonal and Institutional Trust on the Participation Willingness of Farmers in E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation. Front Psychol 2021; 12:727644. [PMID: 34777109 PMCID: PMC8586645 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the influence of interpersonal trust and institutional trust on the participation willingness of farmers in e-commerce poverty alleviation in China, a questionnaire survey of 320 farmers in Chongqing Ecological Tourism District was adopted for data collection, and a binary logistic model was used for data analysis. The results showed that (1) both interpersonal trust and institutional trust had a positive influence on the participation behavior of farmers in e-commerce poverty alleviation, and the priority ranking from high to low was: trust in government, trust in relatives, trust in neighbors, and trust in village cadres. (2) Institutional trust had a greater impact on the participation behavior of farmers than interpersonal trust, especially in the poverty-stricken areas where economic development was relatively backward. (3) Individual attributes, household attributes, and rural resource attributes had a significant positive impact on the participation intention of farmers. Among these, the role of rural e-business service platform was particularly important. The role of institutional trust at the village level still did not perform well in promoting the participation willingness of farmers. Based on empirical analysis, the suggestions for promoting the active cooperation of farmers and participating in the cooperation of e-business were put forward, such as enhancing the interpersonal network of farmers, improving the rural e-commerce information service platform, and strengthening the construction of the rural business environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyi Chen
- Department of Business Management, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Public Administration, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shangmin Zhang
- Department of Business Management, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bangquan Yan
- Department of Business Management, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
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23
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Li N, Bao S, Naseem S, Sarfraz M, Mohsin M. Extending the Association Between Leader-Member Exchange Differentiation and Safety Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:1603-1613. [PMID: 34675701 PMCID: PMC8504862 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s335199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines and analyses the impact of leader-member exchange differentiation (LMXD) on employee safety performance. METHODS A quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 357 Chinese construction industry employees through a structured questionnaire. The research hypothesis was tested by using the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. RESULTS The results showed that LMXD could directly and positively affect the negative emotions and indirectly affect the safety performance of employees through the mediating effect of negative emotions and work engagement. Interpersonal trust has a moderating impact on the relationship between LMXD and negative emotions. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the literature on organizational behavior. Employee workplace safety is a great challenge in the construction industry. Enterprises should pay attention to the negative impact of LMXD. A fair working environment has significant importance to the employee's safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiwen Li
- School of Business Management, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao, 125105, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwang Bao
- School of Business Management, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao, 125105, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sobia Naseem
- School of Economics and Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muddassar Sarfraz
- Binjiang College, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Business, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Li Q, Li Z, Zhang W, Wang Y, Heyman GD. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Among Children's Interpersonal Trust, Reputation for Trustworthiness, and Relationship Closeness. Front Psychol 2021; 12:634540. [PMID: 34658986 PMCID: PMC8517192 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interpersonal trust plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of social relationships. The present cross-sectional and longitudinal research examines the development of interpersonal trust judgments with reference to (1) the trustee's reputation for trustworthiness, and (2) the nature of the trustor's relationship closeness with the trustee. There were 194 7- to 13-year-olds who participated in the first wave of the study, and 107 of those individuals also participated in two subsequent waves across a 2-year period. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal results showed that with age, reputation for trustworthiness becomes less important and relationship closeness become more important. We also found that relationship closeness played a greater role in interpersonal trust evaluations for girls than for boys. These findings indicate that the way children make trust evaluations becomes increasingly relationship-specific over time and is more relationship-specific for girls than for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Li
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhuocheng Li
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Gail D. Heyman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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25
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Abstract
Examining the trust-creativity relationship is important to promote creativity and organizational innovation. The goal of this study is to investigate how trust influences creativity by summarizing existing findings of diverse empirical studies. The impact of trust at different levels on creativity primarily manifests in three ways: (1) individuals' cognition- and affect-based trust has a positive effect on creativity together with the role of trust-derived perspective taking in creativity; (2) interpersonal trust helps enhance the joint creativity of an entire group via mediators such as team communication and commitment together with trust-evoked safety and the motivation to risk proposing, sharing, accepting or adopting uncommon ideas; (3) group trust has a positive, mostly indirect effect on creativity via mediating variables such as collaborative culture/climate and team communication. Potential implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,School of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- East China Campus, China Construction Bank University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Education, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Constructive Laboratory for Big Data of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng, China
| | - Wangbing Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Constructive Laboratory for Big Data of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng, China.,School of Public Administration and Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Hopko SK, Mehta RK. Neural Correlates of Trust in Automation: Considerations and Generalizability Between Technology Domains. Front Neurogenom 2021; 2:731327. [PMID: 38235218 PMCID: PMC10790920 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2021.731327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Investigations into physiological or neurological correlates of trust has increased in popularity due to the need for a continuous measure of trust, including for trust-sensitive or adaptive systems, measurements of trustworthiness or pain points of technology, or for human-in-the-loop cyber intrusion detection. Understanding the limitations and generalizability of the physiological responses between technology domains is important as the usefulness and relevance of results is impacted by fundamental characteristics of the technology domains, corresponding use cases, and socially acceptable behaviors of the technologies. While investigations into the neural correlates of trust in automation has grown in popularity, there is limited understanding of the neural correlates of trust, where the vast majority of current investigations are in cyber or decision aid technologies. Thus, the relevance of these correlates as a deployable measure for other domains and the robustness of the measures to varying use cases is unknown. As such, this manuscript discusses the current-state-of-knowledge in trust perceptions, factors that influence trust, and corresponding neural correlates of trust as generalizable between domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Hopko
- Neuroergonomics Lab, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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27
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Wang G, Hu W. Peer Relationships and College Students' Cooperative Tendencies: Roles of Interpersonal Trust and Social Value Orientation. Front Psychol 2021; 12:656412. [PMID: 34305721 PMCID: PMC8301073 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.656412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the relationship between peer relationships and cooperative tendencies in college students, and explored the mediating role of interpersonal trust and the moderating role of social value orientation in that relationship. A questionnaire was distributed to 406 college students, and the results showed that: (1) peer relationships significantly positively predicted cooperative tendencies; (2) interpersonal trust partially mediated the relationship between peer relationships and cooperative tendencies; and (3) social value orientation moderated the relationship between peer relationships and cooperative tendencies. In particular, prosocial college students were more susceptible to peer relationships than pro-self college students. The findings of the current study indicated that college students with good peer relationships and prosocial value orientation are more likely to show the willingness to cooperate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Wang
- Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Sun B, Yu X, Yuan X, Sun C, Li W. The Effect of Social Perspective-Taking on Interpersonal Trust Under the Cooperative and Competitive Contexts: The Mediating Role of Benevolence. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:817-826. [PMID: 34188563 PMCID: PMC8232967 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s310557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several studies have demonstrated that perspective-taking can foster interpersonal trust. However, few studies have explored the effect of social perspective-taking on interpersonal trust under a specific social context and its internal mechanism. The present study explored the effect of social perspective-taking on interpersonal trust and further examined this interaction under two different social contexts: a cooperative vs a competitive context. We also explored why social perspective-taking fostered interpersonal trust. Methods Study 1 (N = 45) was conducted using a within-subjects design in which participants were asked to read the dilemmas of two partners under two conditions (social perspective-taking vs objective focus) and complete the trust game after each reading. In Study 2 (N = 135), we manipulated the social context by a word memorization task to explore the effect of social perspective-taking on interpersonal trust under different contexts (competitive vs cooperative). In Study 3, we examined benevolence as a mediator in the relationship between social perspective-taking and interpersonal trust. Results Study 1 showed that interpersonal trust under the social perspective-taking condition was significantly higher than interpersonal trust under the objective focus condition. Study 2 showed that under the cooperative context, participants under the social perspective-taking condition invested more money to another partner than those under the objective focus condition. However, under the competitive context, the results were the opposite. Study 3 demonstrated that benevolence mediated the relationship between social perspective-taking and interpersonal trust in both cooperative and competitive contexts. Conclusion Social perspective-taking could improve interpersonal trust under a cooperative context, while the degree of interpersonal trust decreases under a competitive context. Moreover, social perspective-taking could influence the perception of benevolence and thereby enhance or diminish interpersonal trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghai Sun
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiajun Yu
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Yuan
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Changkang Sun
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
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Wang WT, Lin YL. Evaluating Factors Influencing Knowledge-Sharing Behavior of Students in Online Problem-Based Learning. Front Psychol 2021; 12:691755. [PMID: 34248795 PMCID: PMC8267861 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adopting online problem-based learning (OPBL) to internship educational programs is an effective teaching method to stimulate self-directed and collaborative learning and knowledge-sharing behavior (KSB) of students. However, the OPBL collaboration experience is different from the traditional lecture-based learning experience for students. Integrating social identity theory and commitment-trust theory develops a formative research model that explains the KSB of students when using social media tools for the OPBL process. This process encourages social interaction and communication of students, in turn, facilitating the integration of collective intelligence or the creation, sharing, and exchange of knowledge. Data collected from 425 nursing students who studied at seven nursing colleges or medical universities in Taiwan were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLSs) technique. The results indicate that social identification is a crucial antecedent of KSB. Relationship quality plays a vital role in shaping the effects of interpersonal trust and relationship commitment (RC) on KSB during internship periods. The findings can contribute to theoretical discussions and enhance the effectiveness of KSB in the literature of internship and non-internship in the higher education field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tsong Wang
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lien Lin
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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30
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Shabahang R, Aruguete MS, Rezaei S, McCutcheon LE. Psychological Determinants and Consequences of COVID-19 Anxiety: A Web-Based Study in Iran. Health Psychol Res 2021; 9:24841. [PMID: 35106395 PMCID: PMC8801565 DOI: 10.52965/001c.24841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pandemic illnesses such as COVID-19 can provoke negative emotions, including anxiety and depression, in addition to compulsive behaviors. Clarifying the psychosocial antecedents and consequences of COVID-19 anxiety can inform successful psychological support and treatment. This study investigated psychological predictors and consequences of COVID-19 anxiety during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Iran. University students (N = 398) completed a web-based survey measuring COVID-19 anxiety, general health anxiety, uncertainty intolerance, interpersonal trust, depression, and COVID-19-related panic shopping. The participants also responded to two additional questions: "Do you personally know of anyone who was suspected of having been infected with COVID-19?" and "Did you get sick in the past year?" Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis, multivariate regression analysis, and 2 × 2 factorial ANOVA were used to analyze data. Health anxiety, uncertainty intolerance, and interpersonal trust were significantly associated with COVID-19 anxiety. COVID-19 anxiety was a significant predictor of depression and panic shopping. Participants who knew someone with COVID-19 and those who reported being sick in the past year experienced more COVID-19 anxiety. COVID-19 anxiety appears to be more severe among people with a low tolerance for uncertainty and low interpersonal trust. Understanding these risk factors can inform individualized therapeutic approaches to address the maladaptive outcomes of depression and false safety behaviors, such as panic buying.
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Botsford J, Schulze L, Bohländer J, Renneberg B. Interpersonal Trust: Development and Validation of a Self-Report Inventory and Clinical Application in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder. J Pers Disord 2021; 35:447-468. [PMID: 31887103 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2019_33_462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on typical everyday trust situations, a short and ecologically valid self-report instrument for the assessment of interpersonal trust was developed (Interpersonal Trust Scenario Questionnaire [ITSQ]). Data from 1,359 clinical and nonclinical participants were analyzed to examine psychometric properties and group differences. The authors assessed interpersonal trust in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), patients with major depressive disorder, and patients with social anxiety disorder. Lastly, the relationship between interpersonal trust and the perceived quality of the therapeutic alliance was examined. The ITSQ showed satisfactory reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.72). Convergent validity and discriminant validity were obtained for correlations with a hypothetical trust game, another interpersonal trust scale (KUSIV-3), risk propensity, optimism and pessimism, and the HEXACO-60. Patients with BPD showed the lowest interpersonal trust scores of all groups. Interpersonal trust and the perceived quality of the therapeutic alliance were significantly associated only in the group of patients with BPD.
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32
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Hu A. Outward specific trust in the balancing of hierarchical government trust: Evidence from mainland China. Br J Sociol 2021; 72:774-792. [PMID: 33345298 DOI: 10.1111/1468-4446.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study elaborates the link between social trust and government trust by investigating how the extent of outwardness in one's specific trusting relation, as coalescence of trust strength and radius, relates to the varying trust in governments of different administrative levels. Using survey data collected in China, a country featured by the hierarchical government trust and differential mode of interpersonal association, we show that, in both urban and rural areas, the outward orientation of interpersonal trust is positively associated with the trust in the subnational governments, while being independent from the confidence in the central government, suggesting a less hierarchical and more balanced attitude toward government trust. One's generalized trust fails to show such a pattern. This study illustrates a handy measure that combines trust radius and trust strength and highlights the relevance of specific trust for political attitudes in an authoritarian regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Hu
- Department of Sociology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hou Y, Gao M, Huang L, Wang Q. Air Pollution Reduces Interpersonal Trust: The Roles of Emotion and Emotional Susceptibility. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18115631. [PMID: 34070334 PMCID: PMC8197547 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution has been shown to have detrimental effects on physical and mental health, yet little is known about how air pollution affects psychosocial functioning in everyday life. We conducted three studies that utilized experimental methods and web crawler technology to examine the effect of hazy environmental conditions on perceived interpersonal trust, and to investigate the roles of emotion and emotional susceptibility in mediating or moderating the negative impact of air pollution. In Study 1, participants were presented with landscape photos that showed either hazy scenes or clear scenes. Those who viewed photos of hazy scenes reduced their levels of interpersonal trust. In Study 2, emotion data were collected from social media with web crawler technology, in connection with meteorological monitoring data during the same period. Hazy conditions were associated with reduced expressions of positive emotion on social media, whereas clearer conditions were associated with enhanced positive emotional expressions. In Study 3, we simulated Weibo communications in the laboratory. The findings showed that emotional susceptibility moderated the negative effect of hazy conditions on interpersonal trust, and negative emotion mediated the effect of hazy conditions on interpersonal trust. The findings advance the understanding of the impact of air pollution on interpersonal trust and social relations and the associated psychological mechanisms and boundary conditions. They have important real-life implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Hou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.G.); (L.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Meiqi Gao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Lianqiong Huang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Q.W.)
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Diotaiuti P, Valente G, Mancone S, Falese L, Bellizzi F, Anastasi D, Langiano E, Dominski FH, Andrade A. Perception of Risk, Self-Efficacy and Social Trust during the Diffusion of Covid-19 in Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:3427. [PMID: 33806194 PMCID: PMC8036340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus pandemic has affected the lives of people all over the world. The perception of risk and people's consequent behaviour during a pandemic are very complex and are affected by multiple cultural and psychological factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in risk perception, perceived self-efficacy and the perceived trust in the behaviour of others, the decisions of health authorities and government provisions, as well as the variation of self-restraint behaviours during the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic in Italy. We used a convenience sample of 707 university students (Mage = 22.99; SD = 4.01) from a central area of Italy. Participants freely joined the research by answering an online questionnaire between February and March 2020. Three time intervals defined by the progressive containment measures implemented by the Italian Government were considered. Main outcome measures were the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, the Risk Perception Index, the Index of Self-restraint Behaviours, and Institutional and Interpersonal Trust Measures. Results confirmed that significant changes in the time progression have occurred in the perception of risk, in the perception of individual self-efficacy, in the value attributed to social responsibility, in interpersonal trust and in trust in health authorities. The study also identified the participants' personality traits and locus of control as predictors (positive and negative) of perceived self-efficacy and tested a mediation model of trust on the effect of risk perception on self-restraint intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Diotaiuti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Valente
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Stefania Mancone
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Lavinia Falese
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Fernando Bellizzi
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Daniela Anastasi
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Elisa Langiano
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy; (G.V.); (S.M.); (L.F.); (F.B.); (D.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Fábio Hech Dominski
- Department of Physical Education, Univille University, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil;
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil;
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35
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Dong Y, Wang H, Luan F, Li Z, Cheng L. How Children Feel Matters: Teacher-Student Relationship as an Indirect Role Between Interpersonal Trust and Social Adjustment. Front Psychol 2021; 11:581235. [PMID: 33536963 PMCID: PMC7847853 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.581235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated positive correlations between children's interpersonal trust and social adjustment. However, the psychological mechanism underlying this effect is still unclear. The current study tested the indirect roles of teacher-student relationships from both students' and teachers' perspectives in a Chinese context. In total, 709 pupils from grade three to grade five, and their 17 head teachers from a Chinese public primary school participated in this study. The Children's Generalized Trust Beliefs Scale, Social Adjustment Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Teacher-Student Relationship Questionnaire were used in this study. All these variables were correlated with each other. Structural equation models showed that the interpersonal trust indirectly influenced social adjustment through the teacher-student relationship from students' perspectives, while the teacher-student relationship from teachers' perspectives did not play an indirect role. These findings suggest that the teacher-student relationship perceived by students is more important for children's social adjustment than that perceived by teachers. Both parents and teachers should pay more attention to developing children's interpersonal trust, build better teacher-student relationships, and focus more on how children feel about the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dong
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Luan
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zheneng Li
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Developmental and Educational Research Center for Children's Creativity, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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36
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Fang Y, Dong Y, Wang H. Adolescent narcissism and interpersonal trust: A cross-lagged study. Scand J Psychol 2020; 62:82-87. [PMID: 33070330 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, narcissism has been attracting considerable interest by researchers because of its enigmatic constructs. To enhance our understanding of narcissists' psychosocial functioning, considering the relationship between narcissism and interpersonal trust is crucial. This study aimed to investigate how narcissistic admiration and rivalry are associated with interpersonal trust. To gain a more nuanced understanding, a cross-lagged design was conducted at two time points that were six months apart. In total, 357 adolescents (Mage = 16.33 years) completed the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ) and the Interpersonal Trust Scale. The results showed that narcissistic admiration positively predicted interpersonal trust while narcissistic rivalry negatively predicted interpersonal trust at the second time point. However, interpersonal trust did not predict subsequent levels of narcissistic admiration and rivalry. These findings enhanced our understanding by showing that narcissistic admiration and rivalry have different effects on interpersonal trust, and that they remain relatively stable during a six-month period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
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Huang X. Migrant Workers' Willingness to Participate in Workplace Health Promotion Programs: The Role of Interpersonal and Political Trust in China. Front Public Health 2020; 8:306. [PMID: 32766198 PMCID: PMC7381149 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-level willingness to participate in WHPPs (Workplace Health Promotion Programs) can not only benefit employers and employees, but also can produce many positive social effects. In order to expand the existing body of research, the effects of subject cognition, interpersonal trust, political trust, and occupational safety and health concerns were explored. We surveyed 680 Chinese migrant workers who were in charge of participation decisions in their households (2,500 residents involved) from the three typical provinces. The association of social-economic determinants with the willingness to participate and the participating behavior was studied by logistic regression analysis. We find that almost all of workers show relatively high levels of willingness to participate, while nearly seventy percent of the migrant workers had not engaged in actual participation behavior. Regression analyses revealed that subject cognition, interpersonal trust, political trust, and concern for occupational safety and health were factors significantly influencing participating subjects' willingness to engage in WHPPs. Furthermore, mediation analyses demonstrated that the influence of subject cognition was partially mediated by political trust. The influence of subject cognition was partially mediated by political trust. We discuss why political trust may impact the influence of subject cognition on the willingness to participate. Our results provided important insights for both academic and practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Huang
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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38
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Wang Y, Wai Li LM. Does your trust in strangers or close acquaintances promote better health? Societal residential mobility matters. J Soc Psychol 2020; 160:416-427. [PMID: 31446857 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2019.1658569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Some studies indicated that different types of trust are qualitatively different psychological experiences, which may lead to different health outcomes. The present study examined the effect of two types of trust, i.e., generalized trust and interpersonal trust, on promoting physical health and subjective well-being in regions varying in societal residential mobility. The data from a nationally representative sample, including 10,968 participants from 28 provinces/municipalities in China, were analyzed. The results showed that the negative relationship between generalized trust and depressed mood was stronger in the regions with higher societal residential mobility whereas the positive relationship between interpersonal trust and physical health and the negative relationship between interpersonal trust and depressed mood were stronger in the regions with lower societal residential mobility. These results highlight the importance of socio-ecological characteristics in understanding the adaptive functions of different types of social capital on health outcomes. (143 words; max: 150 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Wang
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Finance
| | - Liman Man Wai Li
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Psychosocial Health, Education University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
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Nguyen AL, Schwei RJ, Zhao YQ, Rathouz PJ, Jacobs EA. What Matters When It Comes to Trust in One's Physician: Race/Ethnicity, Sociodemographic Factors, and/or Access to and Experiences with Health Care? Health Equity 2020; 4:280-289. [PMID: 34095698 PMCID: PMC8175262 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2019.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Interpersonal trust is linked to therapeutic factors of patient care, including adherence to treatment, continuity with a provider, perceived effectiveness of care, and clinical outcomes. Differences in interpersonal trust across groups may contribute to health disparities. We explored whether differences in interpersonal trust varied across three racial/ethnic groups. Additionally, we explored how different health care factors were associated with differences in trust. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, computer-administered survey with 600 racially and ethnically diverse adults in Chicago, IL, from a wide variety of neighborhoods. We used staged ordinal logistic regression models to analyze the association between interpersonal trust and variables of interest. Results: Interpersonal trust did not differ by racial or ethnic group. However, individuals with 0–2 annual doctor visits, those reporting having a “hard time” getting health care services, those answering “yes” to “Did you not follow advice or treatment plan because it cost too much?,” and those reporting waiting more than 6 days/never getting an appointment had significantly increased odds of low trust. We did not find differences across racial/ethnic groups. Conclusion: Our study suggests that access to health care and interactions within the health care setting negatively impact individual's trust in their physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Nguyen
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schwei
- BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ying-Qi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul J Rathouz
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jacobs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
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40
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Abstract
This research advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that interpersonal population diversity, rather than fractionalization or polarization across ethnic groups, has been pivotal to the emergence, prevalence, recurrence, and severity of intrasocietal conflicts. Exploiting an exogenous source of variations in population diversity across nations and ethnic groups, as determined predominantly during the exodus of humans from Africa tens of thousands of years ago, the study demonstrates that population diversity, and its impact on the degree of diversity within ethnic groups, has contributed significantly to the risk and intensity of historical and contemporary civil conflicts. The findings arguably reflect the contribution of population diversity to the non-cohesivnesss of society, as reflected partly in the prevalence of mistrust, the divergence in preferences for public goods and redistributive policies, and the degree of fractionalization and polarization across ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Eren Arbatli
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Quamrul H Ashraf
- Department of Economics, Williams College, Schapiro Hall, 24 Hopkins Hall Drive, Williamstown, MA 01267
| | - Oded Galor
- Department of Economics, Brown University, Robinson Hall, 64 Waterman Street, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Marc Klemp
- Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Building 26, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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41
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Abstract
Three widely used interpersonal trust measurement scales [Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS), Philosophies of Human Nature Scale (RPHNS), Company Trust Scale (CTS)] have seldom been applied in non-Western contexts. Different social environments may lead to variation in the level or structure of trust. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the applicability of these scales to different levels of trust-related traits in Eastern cultures so that researchers can choose appropriate scales for relevant studies. This study attempted to conduct a comparative analysis of the ITS, RPHNS, and CTS. A sample of 725 Chinese college students was analyzed. Total score correlations and latent factor correlations estimated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for a first-order three-factor model were assessed, and then the quality of the item parameters, test reliability and standard errors, and test information were assessed. The results are as follows: (1) the ITS and the RPHNS assessed almost the same trust traits; therefore, only the ITS and the RPHNS are compared in the next sections; (2) the original structure of only the RPHNS is verified; (3) some items on the ITS do not work well, while the RPHNS has higher overall test reliability; and (4) the average item information provided by the RPHNS is higher across all trait levels. In most cases, the RPHNS is the better choice in the Chinese cultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Dai
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.,Education Center for Mental Health, Jiangxi University of Applied Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhu Jian
- School of Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
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42
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Li C, Liu D, Dong Y. Self-Esteem and Problematic Smartphone Use Among Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model of Depression and Interpersonal Trust. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2872. [PMID: 31920889 PMCID: PMC6933501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has found that self-esteem is negatively associated with problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, the internal mechanisms underlying that relationship need further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of depression and interpersonal trust in the relationship between self-esteem and PSU among adolescents. A questionnaire comprised of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Inclusive General Trust Scale (IGTS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and personal questions was administered to 637 students (female = 355) at two middle schools in Shanghai, China. Correlation analyses, mediation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis were performed. A moderated mediation model was established, which revealed: (1) a significant negative association between self-esteem and PSU, (2) depression mediated the relationship between self-esteem and PSU, and (3) the influence of depression on the relationship between self-esteem and PSU was moderated by interpersonal trust. The results indicated that low self-esteem was a risk factor, and interpersonal trust was a moderating factor for PSU among adolescents in the sample. Building adolescents' self-esteem and increasing their interpersonal trust might decrease their PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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43
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Tariq A, Beihai T, Ali S, Abbas N, Ilyas A. Mediating Effect of Cognitive Social Capital on the Relationship Between Physical Disability and Depression in Elderly People of Rural Pakistan. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16214232. [PMID: 31683689 PMCID: PMC6862206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive social capital is crucial for mental wellbeing and physical disability in order to avoid late-life depression. The objective of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of cognitive social capital (interpersonal trust and reciprocity) on the relationship between physical disability and depression in elderly people of rural Pakistan. For this purpose, 146 respondents aged 60 years or above and residents of rural areas of district Muzaffargarh (Punjab, Pakistan) were approached for data collection. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic variables (gender, age, education, marital status, family system, living status, household income, and number of chronic diseases); the geriatric depressive symptoms scale (GDS-15) was used to measure depression, physical disability was evaluated through ADL and IADL scales, and cognitive social capital, which includes interpersonal trust and reciprocity, was measured using single-item questions. It was found that interpersonal trust, reciprocity, depression, and physical disability were significantly correlated with each other and physical disability was directly associated with depression. In mediation analysis, reciprocity mediated the relationship between physical disability and depression. Our findings highlight the need to enhance cognitive social capital interventions and develop policies to promote mental and physical health of rural elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Tariq
- Department of Sociology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Tian Beihai
- Department of Sociology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Sajjad Ali
- College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Nadeem Abbas
- Institute of Social & Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Aasir Ilyas
- College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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44
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van Nieuwenburg D, de Groot JHB, Smeets MAM. The Subtle Signaling Strength of Smells: A Masked Odor Enhances Interpersonal Trust. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1890. [PMID: 31481913 PMCID: PMC6710396 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Most everyday smells, from lavender to body odors, are complex odorant mixtures that “host” particular compounds that guide (social) behavior and motivation (biomarkers). A key element of social behavior is interpersonal trust, and building on previous research showing that (i) lavender odor can enhance trust, and that (ii) certain compounds in body odor can reduce stress in mice and humans (called “social buffering”), we examined whether a grassy-smelling compound found in both body odors and lavender, hexanal, would enhance interpersonal trust. Notably, we applied odor masking to explore whether trust could be influenced subconsciously by masked (i.e., undetectable) hexanal. In Study 1 (between-subjects), 90 females played a Trust Game while they either smelled hexanal (0.01% v/v), clove odor (eugenol: 10% v/v), or hexanal masked by clove odor (a mix of the former). As a sign of higher trust, participants gave more money to a trustee while exposed to masked hexanal (vs. the mask: eugenol). In Study 2 (within-subjects, double-blind), another sample of 35 females smelled the same three odors, while they rated the trustworthiness of a spectrum of faces that varied on trustworthiness. Controlling for subjective odor intensity and pleasantness and substantiating that masked hexanal could not be distinguished from the mask, faces were perceived as more trustworthy during exposure to masked hexanal (vs. the mask: eugenol). Whereas non-masked hexanal also increased face trustworthiness ratings, these effects disappeared after controlling for the odor’s subjective intensity and pleasantness. The combined results bring new evidence that trust can be enhanced implicitly via undetected smells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan van Nieuwenburg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jasper H B de Groot
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Monique A M Smeets
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Xu L, Becker B, Kendrick KM. Oxytocin Facilitates Social Learning by Promoting Conformity to Trusted Individuals. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:56. [PMID: 30787864 PMCID: PMC6372972 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the role of the neuropeptide oxytocin in promoting social cohesion both in terms of promoting specific social bonds and also more generally for increasing our willingness to trust others and/or to conform to their opinions. These latter findings may also be important in the context of a modulatory role for oxytocin in improving the efficacy of behavioral therapy in psychiatric disorders. However, the original landmark studies claiming an important role for oxytocin in enhancing trust in others, primarily using economic game strategies, have been questioned by subsequent meta-analytic approaches or failure to reproduce findings in different contexts. On the other hand, a growing number of studies have consistently reported that oxytocin promotes conformity to the views of groups of in-group individuals. Most recently we have found that oxytocin can increase acceptance of social advice given by individual experts without influencing their perceived trustworthiness per se, but that increased conformity in this context is associated with how much an expert is initially trusted and liked. Oxytocin can also enhance the impact of information given by experts by facilitating expectancy and placebo effects. Here we therefore propose that a key role for oxytocin is not in facilitating social trust per se but in conforming to, and learning from, trusted individuals who are either in-group members and/or perceived experts. The implications of this for social learning and use of oxytocin as an adjunct to behavioral therapy in psychiatric disorders are discussed. Interpersonal trust within social groups is of key importance for social interactions, bonds, cooperation and learning and trust between different groups can also help ensure a stable and peaceful co-existence as well as mutually beneficial co-operation and trade. Trust is generally considered to be critical for co-operation and reciprocity in social and economic interactions but importantly trust also involves risk of potential injury if misplaced or broken and we have a natural aversion to taking such risks (Hardin, 2002; Ostrom and Walker, 2003). Indeed, an important factor influencing our trust behavior is that we are strongly motivated to avoid others betraying our trust (Bohnet and Zeckhauser, 2004; Bohnet et al., 2008). Trust can potentially be influenced by our assessment of the level of risk that trusting others might have and also by increased sensitivity to physical and/or other cues for detecting trustworthiness. It is therefore of great importance to identify both behavioral and physiological factors which can act to enhance trust, particularly in situations where individuals have impaired trust and therefore find it hard to interact socially with others and learn from them and/or to benefit optimally from cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keith M. Kendrick
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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46
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Patankar MS. Maintenance Resource Management for Technical Operations. Crew Resource Management 2019. [PMCID: PMC7150112 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-812995-1.00013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This chapter starts with a brief historical overview of the MRM program, presents the key findings of the research program, discusses the typical training content and the different delivery models, and their outcomes, and concludes with the review of the influence of MRM programs on the overall safety culture in Technical Operations. Maintenance resource management (MRM) or maintenance human factors (MHF) programs started with a unique, three-party research program. The aviation industry (airlines and repair stations), federal agencies (the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)), and the academic community came together to study specific safety issues in the technical operations environment (line and base maintenance facilities, maintenance, repair, and overhaul-MRO-facilities, as well as ramp operations). The FAA and NASA funded this research, university faculty members and students conducted the research activities, and the industry partners provided access to facilities and personnel. At an international level, the FAA and NASA, Transport Canada, and United Kingdom. Civil Aviation Authority participated in another three-way partnership that enabled information sharing among the researchers, regulators, and practitioners. This chapter also reviews some of the most commonly used incident review tools and the associated taxonomies. With the increased use of structured approach to incident investigation, the use of MRM programs moved from simple awareness programs to reactive error-correction programs, and subsequently matured to proactive, error-avoidance programs, paving the way for predictive trend analysis programs. Finally, this chapter reviews the influence of MRM programs on the safety culture in technical operations and identifies some emerging opportunities for continued research and development.
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47
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Navarro-Carrillo G, Valor-Segura I, Lozano LM, Moya M. Do Economic Crises Always Undermine Trust in Others? The Case of Generalized, Interpersonal, and In-Group Trust. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1955. [PMID: 30374321 PMCID: PMC6196242 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
After the global economic collapse triggered by the Great Recession, there has been an increased interest in the potential psychological implications of periods of economic decline. Recent evidence suggests that negative personal experiences linked to the economic crisis may lead to diminished generalized trust (i.e., the belief that most of the people of the society are honest and can be trusted). Adding to the growing literature on the psychological consequences of the economic crisis, we propose that the perceived personal impact of the economic crisis not only would undermine generalized trust but also may lead to increased interpersonal trust (i.e., directed to specific and close people) and depersonalized in-group trust [i.e., directed to individuals who, while strangers, belong to the same group (e.g., social class)]. Across three studies (N = 1379), we tested these central hypotheses and ascertained whether the perceived personal impact of the crisis would predict these types of trust (assessed using questionnaire and behavioral measures) independent of individuals' socioeconomic status. Non-experimental data from Study 1 revealed that a higher perceived personal impact of the crisis is related to lower levels of generalized trust and higher levels of interpersonal trust. These effects were independent of participants' socioeconomic status. Non-experimental data from Study 2 replicated the findings obtained in Study 1 and also showed a positive association between the perceived personal impact of the crisis and depersonalized in-group trust. This pattern of results emerged even after controlling for socioeconomic status, gender, age, political orientation, religiosity, and unemployment status. In Study 3, using an experimental design, we found that the salience of a possible economic downturn led to decreased generalized trust and increased interpersonal and depersonalized in-group trust - independently of socioeconomic status - compared with the control condition. These results challenge the conventional wisdom that economic crises invariably undermine trust in others. The implications of the present research as well as future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginés Navarro-Carrillo
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Valor-Segura
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis M Lozano
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Methodology for Behavioral Sciences, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Moya
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Kweekel L, Gerrits T, Rijnders M, Brown P. The Role of Trust in CenteringPregnancy: Building Interpersonal Trust Relationships in Group-Based Prenatal Care in The Netherlands. Birth 2017; 44:41-47. [PMID: 28198099 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CenteringPregnancy (CP) is a specific model of group-based prenatal care for women, implemented in 44 midwifery practices in The Netherlands since 2011. Women have evaluated CP positively, especially in terms of social support, and improvements have been made in birthweight and preterm-birth outcomes; however, there is limited understanding as to why. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms that create trusting relationships within CP to better understand CP outcomes and effectiveness. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews with 26 (former) CP participants, alongside observations of CP sessions. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed following open, axial, and selective coding. RESULTS Most women characterized trust as a positive expectation about how others would respond to sensitive information that was shared within the group. Trust emerged within the data as a multidimensional concept and several preconditions seemed crucial in building trusting relations: vulnerability, communication, reciprocity, chemistry, and atmosphere. The facilitating of interpersonal trust among CP participants enhanced group processes, especially as a basis for social support by which women said they were more eager to share sensitive information in a trusting environment. CONCLUSIONS Processes of trust were interwoven within various CP group dynamics. Trust facilitated social support which in turn enabled reassurance and the building of women's self-confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trudie Gerrits
- Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Patrick Brown
- Department of Sociology and Centre for Social Science and Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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49
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Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT), highly conserved during evolution, is an important modulator of social and emotional processes across many species. During the last decade, a large body of literature has revealed its effects on different aspects of social behavior, including social stress and anxiety, social memory, affiliation and bonding, emotion recognition, mentalizing, empathy, and interpersonal trust. In addition, as impairments in these social domains can be observed in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism, social anxiety disorder, depression, schizophrenia, and borderline personality disorder, the role of OXT in mental disorders and their treatment has been intensively studied. The present paper gives a short overview of these lines of research and shows how OXT has become a promising target for novel treatment approaches for mental disorders characterized by social impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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50
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Abstract
The present study examines whether individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) might indiscriminately trust in others, as is suggested by their strong tendency to approach and interact with strangers. To assess this possibility, adults with WS (N=22) and typical development (N=25) were asked to reason about the trustworthiness of people who lie to avoid getting in trouble versus to avoid hurting others' feelings. Findings indicated that participants with WS distrusted both types of liars and made little distinction between them. These results suggest that the high level of social approach behavior in individuals with WS cannot be explained in terms of indiscriminate trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowena Ng
- Rowena Ng, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
| | - Patricia Fillet
- Patricia Fillet and Michelle DeWitt, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
| | - Michelle DeWitt
- Patricia Fillet and Michelle DeWitt, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
| | - Gail D Heyman
- Gail D. Heyman, Department of Psychology, University of California-San Diego; and
| | - Ursula Bellugi
- Ursula Bellugi, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
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