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Pacewicz CE, Smith AL. Communication profiles and sport experiences of collegiate track and field athletes. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 68:102450. [PMID: 37665900 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Athletes often communicate with one another and exchange information, attitudes, and feelings that can influence their sport experiences. In an effort to better understand the sport communication context, the purpose of the current study was to (a) describe communication profiles of athletes (b) examine potential predictors (i.e., team identity, sex) of profile membership, and (c) examine the salience of these profiles by assessing profile group differences on athletes' perceptions of burnout, engagement, satisfaction, and enjoyment. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey-based study. METHOD Collegiate track and field athletes (N = 219) completed measures of demographic information, team communication, team identity, burnout, engagement, enjoyment, and satisfaction. Communication profiles were examined using latent profile analysis. Using the three-step method in Mplus, possible prediction of profile membership and profile differences in perceptions of sport experiences were examined. RESULTS Three profiles emerged: the Less Effective Communicators, the Supportive Communicators, and the Functional Communicators. Athletes with greater team identity were more likely to be in the Supportive Communicators profile (p < 0.001), male participants were more likely to be in the Functional Communicators profile (p < 0.05) than the other profiles, and female participants were less likely to be in the Less Effective Communicators profile than the Supportive Communicators profile (p < 0.05). The Less Effective Communicators had greater perceptions of burnout (ps < 0.01) and lower perceptions of engagement (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05), satisfaction (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001), and enjoyment (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05) than the Supportive and Functional Communicators. Supportive Communicators had greater satisfaction (p < 0.001) and enjoyment (p < 0.001) than the Functional Communicators. CONCLUSIONS Different profiles of communication in track and field athletes may have implications for athletes' sport experiences and warrant continued study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan L Smith
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, USA
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Amoroso JP, Rebelo-Gonçalves R, Antunes R, Coakley J, Teques P, Valente-dos-Santos J, Furtado GE. Teamwork: A Systematic Review of Implications From Psychosocial Constructs for Research and Practice in the Performance of Ultimate Frisbee Games. Front Psychol 2021; 12:712904. [PMID: 34512471 PMCID: PMC8429796 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ultimate Frisbee (UF) is a non-contact, challenging, and self-promoted team sport. Some factors such as the game environment and rules seem to influence athletes' behavior. Goals: Provide a robust systematic review (SR) of the psychological domains associated with UF. Methods: A SR according to Cochrane guidelines was completed. A reproducible search strategy was conducted by two independent reviewers in thirteen online databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, SCOPUS, B-On, SportDiscus, Scielo; APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences; Academic Search Complete; Medline (PubMed); ERIC; Google Scholar; Open Acess Thesis and Dissertations. The search occurred from 1st to 30th June 2020, and there were no limitations regarding the year of publication. Original papers that contained relevant data regarding psychological domains in the context of UF in English, Portuguese and Spanish were selected. The combination of the main terms "ultimate frisbee" and "sport psychology" was used in all databases. A total of 464 studies were identified and selected in the last phase of selection. After the Screening (n = 301) and Eligibility (n = 71) phases, a total of 30 potential papers were selected and classified. Finally, only four papers were qualified to be included in the final version of SR. Results: The psychological dimensions revealed in the present study were: leadership; basic psychological needs; behaviors; task cohesion and performance; intrateam communication; performance-avoidance goals; friendship goals; sportsmanship associated with goal-directed self-talk and self-regulated learning. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first SR about UF. In reviewing all the findings in the studies, there is evidence that UF can promote teamwork, task cohesion, leadership, and increase friendship-approach goals. Conclusion: The results revealed that group goals and promoting teamwork significantly predicted social cohesion and that teamwork and task cohesion was mediated by communication. UF is characterized by communication between all players, whether they are from the same team or the opposing team. In summary, the current study revealed real-time information about the game and its rules. This is important because UF is one of the few team sports worldwide that are self-referred by participants. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=169294, identifier: CRD42020169294.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Amoroso
- Department of Human Kinetics, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves
- Department of Human Kinetics, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- CIDAF, The Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raul Antunes
- Department of Human Kinetics, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- ciTechCare, Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Jay Coakley
- Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | - Pedro Teques
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Sport, Polytechnic Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
- N2i, Research Nucleus, Polytechnic Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
- CIPER, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Valente-dos-Santos
- CIDEFES, Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- CIDAF, The Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
- UICISA:E, Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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