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Song R, Chen L, Zhang L, Yu F, Zhang W. Profiles and Developmental Transitions of Educational Future Orientation among Senior High School Students in China. J Youth Adolesc 2023:10.1007/s10964-023-01806-6. [PMID: 37369926 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01806-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent future orientation is highly relevant to the sociocultural context in which they are situated. However, adolescents in non-Western cultures are underrepresented in literature. This study investigated the profiles and developmental transitions of adolescent educational future orientation, as well as the roles of adolescent academic achievement and perceived parental educational expectations within the context of Chinese culture. The sample was 605 (54.5% boys) urban and rural senior high school students followed for one and a half years. Three distinctive profiles were identified: the concentrated-committed profile characterized by the concentrated goals (i.e., hopes and fears for future education) and the highest level of planning and evaluation components, the low profile scoring the lowest on each component, and the tentative profile characterized by the highest level of hopes and fears density and mean levels of planning and evaluation components. Latent transition analysis revealed high stabilities for the concentrated-committed and the low profiles but very low stabilities for the tentative profile, and transitions were more common in ways from low or tentative profiles to the concentrated-committed profile rather than vice versa. Greater academic achievement predicted the concentrated-committed profile. Perceived parental educational expectations increased adolescent educational future orientation, particularly for urban adolescents or those in the tentative profile. Urban adolescents were more likely to be in or transition into the concentrated-committed profile, particularly for those with higher academic achievement or parental expectations. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneities of adolescent thinking about future education, reveal how the Chinese sociocultural factors contribute to shaping the development of adolescent future orientation, and provide implications for the promotion of adolescent future orientation in education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Song
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjie Yu
- College of Politics and Public Administration, Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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Fenton MP, Forthun LF, Lynne SD. Pathways to Adulthood in Rural America: A Latent Profile and Latent Transition Analysis of Adult Social Roles. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1170-1190. [PMID: 36881275 PMCID: PMC10866393 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The transition to adulthood is characterized by the assumption of adult social roles, which are well documented in the literature; however, rural young adults remain understudied, especially using nationally representative samples. Therefore, this study analyzed a rural subsample of young adults from Add Health (N = 2562, 63.8% white, 34.2% Black, 50% female) using latent profile and latent transition analyses. Latent profiles at the average ages of 21-22 and 28-29 were identified highlighting transitions in education, work, and family formation. Two profiles previously unidentified in the literature emerged, high school graduates living with parents and prolonged transitioners, characterized by living with parents and limited transitions in romantic relationships and parenthood. Rural young people most likely to be in these profiles were male, Black, and from disadvantaged backgrounds. High school graduates living with parents and prolonged transitioners also had high probabilities of living in a rural area late in the transition to adulthood. Female and Black rural young adults had the highest probabilities of transitioning from the high school graduates living with parents profile to the prolonged transitioners profile. These empirically established role transitions and pathways to adulthood in rural communities can help inform investments, policies, and future research to support rural young adults following varying pathways during the transition to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larry F Forthun
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah D Lynne
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Godfrey LM, James-Kangal N, Newcomb ME, Whitton SW. Relationship, marriage, and parenthood aspirations among sexual and gender minority youth assigned female at birth. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2022; 36:1161-1172. [PMID: 35404631 PMCID: PMC9481698 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined aspirations for future long-term committed relationships, marriage, and parenthood in a sample of 392 racially diverse sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth assigned female at birth (AFAB) aged 16-20. Differences by gender identity, sexual identity, and race/ethnicity were assessed, as were associations with contextual variables including minority stressors, SGM community involvement, perceived partner availability, and relationship experiences. Results showed that the majority of SGM-AFAB youth viewed long-term committed relationships as important and likely, whereas only about half of participants had high aspirations to get married and have children someday. Those who did view marriage and parenthood as important perceived that it is feasible for them to achieve these outcomes someday. These constructs did not differ by race/ethnicity. There were differences by gender identity and sexual identity, such that cisgender women reported higher aspirations for marriage and parenthood than did gender minorities, and those with binary sexual identities reported higher aspirations for marriage than did those with nonbinary sexual identities. Examination of the contextual variables revealed that relationship experience variables were the most consistently associated with aspirations for committed relationships, marriage, and parenthood. In contrast, victimization and perceived partner availability were not associated with any of the family formation aspirations. As SGM individuals are increasingly granted legal rights affecting their ability to marry and form families, research is needed to help inform efforts to promote their relationship health while considering that they may have unique aspirations for relationships, marriage, and parenthood compared to the general public. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Dybdahl R, Sørensen T, Hauge HA, Røsvik K, Lien L, Eide K. Same but different: meaning-making among refugee and non-refugee youths. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIGRATION, HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/ijmhsc-02-2021-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
There is substantial research on the experiences, needs and well-being of unaccompanied refugee adolescents, but less is known about existential aspects of their lives. The purpose of the current study is to explore existential meaning-making among unaccompanied refugee children.
Design/methodology/approach
The informants in this study are young unaccompanied refugees (n = 30) living in Norway, and young Norwegians (n = 46). The authors undertook a secondary analysis of in-depth qualitative refugee interview data and a quantitative analysis of questionnaire data from Norwegian informants.
Findings
Both the refugee youths and the Norwegian youths expressed that social relationships and connections to others were most important for meaning. Moreover, both groups emphasized the importance of relatedness and generativity, i. e. commitment to worldly affairs beyond one’s immediate needs. The main differences between the two groups were related to the significance attached to religion and to loneliness.
Research limitations/implications
The comparison between the two groups is only possible to some degree. Secondary analyses have some limitations, as well as strengths.
Practical implications
The findings may be useful for supporting young refugees, as they provide insights into less-studied aspects of their lives.
Originality/value
The originality of this study lies in the focus on and broad interpretation of meaning, of secondary data analyses, and of comparisons between youths that are refugees versus non-refugees.
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Fenton MP, Forthun LF, Aristild S, Vasquez KB. The Role of the Rural Context in the Transition to Adulthood: A Scoping Review. ADOLESCENT RESEARCH REVIEW 2021; 7:101-126. [PMID: 34127948 PMCID: PMC8190761 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rural adolescents are transitioning to adulthood in the context of growing disparities. To advance research on the social, behavioral, and contextual factors that influence rural young adult development, this study conducted a scoping review. The review sought to identify how researchers defined rural and how/which theories guided their work; how they integrated the rural context into the research design and methods; and how they used variables, concepts, and outcomes to measure rural experiences. Included articles were published between January 2009 and November 2020, included young adults ages 18-29, measured adult role achievement and/or behavioral health outcomes and reported on these outcomes for young adults, and focused on a rural sample within the United States. A systematic search of four databases resulted in 25 empirical articles for the inductive, qualitative analysis. Most studies used atheoretical approaches focusing on outcomes related to adult social roles, substance use, and mental health. Five themes emerged focused on the definitions of rural, the level of integration into the research design and method, and variables salient to the rural experience. These results reveal that future research should clearly define the rural context and better integrate the rural context into the conceptualization, design, methods, and implications of the empirical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Pearman Fenton
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, 3041 McCarty D, PO BOX 110310, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Larry F. Forthun
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, 3041 McCarty D, PO BOX 110310, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Saprina Aristild
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC BOX 40, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Katherine B. Vasquez
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, 3041 McCarty D, PO BOX 110310, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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Yau PS, Shane J, Heckhausen J. Developmental goals during the transition to young adulthood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/01650254211007564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents navigate the transition into young adulthood through their pursuit of developmental goals. While societal expectations and institutions provide normed paths to adulthood by shaping decisions on goal identification, individuals take various routes to attain adult-status through different goal prioritization. Using longitudinal data from a U.S. sample of 1,088 adolescents (55.6% female; 25.3% Whites, 19.8% Asians, 30.4% Latinx, 12.6% Multiracial), we identified young adults’ major developmental goal and subgoal trajectories during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Participants nominated goals within a 5-year period starting from the final year of secondary school, and responses were categorized into major developmental goals. Results showed moderate goal stability over time. Although career and education goals were initially prioritized, they were less frequently nominated over time while relational and financial goals became more frequent. However, rank-order stability was retained. Findings also showed that individual differences in education and employment status, motivational factors, gender, and ethnicity predicted goal identification in young adulthood. Collectively, findings reveal both general trends and interindividual differences in goals that highlight the interplay between society and individual agency, ultimately leading to different paths taken during the transition to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob Shane
- Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, USA
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Sharp EH, Seaman J, Tucker CJ, Van Gundy KT, Rebellon CJ. Adolescents' Future Aspirations and Expectations in the Context of a Shifting Rural Economy. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 49:534-548. [PMID: 31655963 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents' future aspirations and expectations influence the decisions they make as they transition into adulthood. However, less is known about how specific sociocultural factors interact with the formation of future aspirations and expectations and their association with goal attainment in emerging adulthood. The present study begins to fill this gap by using person-centered analysis with high school students (N = 517; 53% female; 92% white) from a rural county undergoing significant economic transition. Its aim was to identify future orientation profiles based on adolescent-reported future aspirations and expectations for success in both education and career. Four latent profiles were identified and labeled: universally high aspirations and expectations; low college aspirations and expectations; lower aspirations than expectations; and universally low aspirations and expectations. Significant gender differences were found. High school males were less likely to be in the universally high profile and more likely to be in the universally low and low college aspirations and expectations profiles. Future orientation profile placement was associated with differences in adolescent experiences in family, school, and community contexts as well as their work and education status and future residential aspirations in emerging adulthood. The findings inform future research and applied efforts focused on rural youth's preparation for adult roles, and on retaining rural youth, a necessity for the vitality of rural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hiley Sharp
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of New Hampshire, Pettee Hall, Room 202, 55 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
| | - Jayson Seaman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, New Hampshire Hall, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Corinna Jenkins Tucker
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of New Hampshire, Pettee Hall, Room 202, 55 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Karen T Van Gundy
- Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, McConnell Hall, 15 Academic Way, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Cesar J Rebellon
- Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, McConnell Hall, 15 Academic Way, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
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Nakanishi M, Yamasaki S, Endo K, Ando S, Morimoto Y, Fujikawa S, Kanata S, Takahashi Y, Furukawa TA, Richards M, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, Nishida A. The association between role model presence and self-regulation in early adolescence: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222752. [PMID: 31536579 PMCID: PMC6752835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Self-regulation is the capacity to regulate attention, emotion, and behaviour to pursue long-term goals. The current study examined the associations between role model presence and self-regulation during early adolescence, controlling for hopefulness, using a large population-based data set from the Tokyo Teen Cohort study. METHODS Adolescents, aged 12 years, identified a role model using a single item on a paper questionnaire: 'Who is the person you most look up to?' Level of hopefulness was also assessed using a single question: 'To what extent do you feel hopeful about the future of your life?' Trained investigators evaluated self-regulation. RESULTS Of 2550 adolescents, 2279 (89.4%) identified a role model. After adjusting for level of hopefulness, identifying a role model was associated with higher levels of self-regulation in comparison to indications of no role model. Hopeful future expectations were also associated with higher self-regulation; however, the beta coefficient was smaller than role model presence in the multivariate linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Role model presence was significantly associated with higher self-regulation among early adolescents. Educational environments should focus on support for adolescents with no role models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Nakanishi
- Mental Health and Nursing Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Mental Health Promotion Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- Mental Health Promotion Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Morimoto
- School of Advanced Sciences, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sho Kanata
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshi A. Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa
- School of Advanced Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Mental Health Promotion Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Reblin M, Stanley NB, Galligan A, Reed D, Quinn GP. Family dynamics in young adult cancer caregiving: “It should be teamwork”. J Psychosoc Oncol 2019; 37:526-540. [DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2018.1563582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathanael B. Stanley
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Damon Reed
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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