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Sabadell V, Trébuchon A, Alario FX. An exploration of anomia rehabilitation in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 27:100681. [PMID: 38881885 PMCID: PMC11178986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Around 40% of patients who undergo a left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) surgery suffer from anomia (word-finding difficulties), a condition that negatively impacts quality of life. Despite these observations, language rehabilitation is still understudied in LTLE. We assessed the effect of a four-week rehabilitation on four drug-resistant LTLE patients after their surgery. The anomia rehabilitation was based on cognitive descriptions of word finding deficits in LTLE. Its primary ingredients were psycholinguistic tasks and a psychoeducation approach to help patients cope with daily communication issues. We repeatedly assessed naming skills for trained and untrained words, before and during the therapy using an A-B design with follow-up and replication. Subjective anomia complaint and standardized language assessments were also collected. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program for trained words despite the persistence of seizures. Furthermore, encouraging results were observed for untrained items. Variable changes in anomia complaint were observed. One patient who conducted the protocol as self-rehabilitation responded similarly to the others, despite the different manner of intervention. These results open promising avenues for helping epileptic patients suffering from anomia. For example, this post-operative program could easily be adapted to be conducted preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnès Trébuchon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
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2
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Massot-Tarrús A, Mirsattari SM. Roles of fMRI and Wada tests in the presurgical evaluation of language functions in temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:884730. [PMID: 36247757 PMCID: PMC9562037 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.884730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment of pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) carries risks for language function that can significantly affect the quality of life. Predicting the risks of decline in language functions before surgery is, consequently, just as important as predicting the chances of becoming seizure-free. The intracarotid amobarbital test, generally known as the Wada test (WT), has been traditionally used to determine language lateralization and to estimate their potential decline after surgery. However, the test is invasive and it does not localize the language functions. Therefore, other noninvasive methods have been proposed, of which functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) has the greatest potential. Functional MRI allows localization of language areas. It has good concordance with the WT for language lateralization, and it is of predictive value for postsurgical naming outcomes. Consequently, fMRI has progressively replaced WT for presurgical language evaluation. The objective of this manuscript is to review the most relevant aspects of language functions in TLE and the current role of fMRI and WT in the presurgical evaluation of language. First, we will provide context by revising the language network distribution and the effects of TLE on them. Then, we will assess the functional outcomes following various forms of TLE surgery and measures to reduce postoperative language decline. Finally, we will discuss the current indications for WT and fMRI and the potential usefulness of the resting-state fMRI technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed M. Mirsattari
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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3
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Gobbo M, De Pellegrin S, Bonaudo C, Semenza C, Della Puppa A, Salillas E. Two dissociable semantic mechanisms predict naming errors and their responsive brain sites in awake surgery. DO80 revisited. Neuropsychologia 2020; 151:107727. [PMID: 33338472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
How do we choose words, and what affects the selection of a specific term? Naming tests such as the DO80 are frequently used to assess language function during brain mapping in awake surgery. The present study aimed to explore whether specific semantic errors become more probable under the stimulation of specific brain areas. Moreover, it meant to determine whether specific semantic characteristics of the items may evoke specific types of error. A corpus-based qualitative semantic analysis of the DO80 items, and the emitted naming errors to those items during direct cortical electrostimulation (DCE) revealed that the number of hyperonyms (i.e. 'vehicle' for car') of an item predicted the emission of a synonym ('automobile' for 'car'). This association occurred mainly in frontal tumor patients, which was corroborated by behavior to lesion analyses. In contrast, the emission of co-hyponyms was associated with tumors located in temporal areas. These two behavior-lesion associations thus dissociated, and were also dependent on item semantic characteristics. Co-hyponym errors might generate from the disruption in a temporal semantic-to-lexical process, and the production of synonyms could be the result of an impairment in a frontal lexical-selection mechanism. A hypothesis on the lexical selection mechanisms exerted by the inferior frontal gyrus is proposed. Crucially, the present data suggest the need for more restrictive naming tasks, with items conditioned by tumor location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Gobbo
- UOC Neurologic Clinic, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Camilla Bonaudo
- Neurosurgery, Department of NEUROFARBA, University Hospital of Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Semenza
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Alessandro Della Puppa
- Neurosurgery, Department of NEUROFARBA, University Hospital of Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Salillas
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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4
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Vigliecca NS, Voos JA. Remembering a name: Neuropsychological validity studies and a computer proposal for detection of anomia. Dement Neuropsychol 2019; 13:450-462. [PMID: 31844500 PMCID: PMC6907700 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642018dn13-040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There are contradictory results or lack of validity studies concerning the naming
function and brain laterality. Although anomia is a frequent symptom of memory
impairment, and the most relevant symptom of aphasia, few studies have been
conducted to evaluate its validity for detecting patients with left-hemisphere
damage (LD), as per the MeSH definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Silvana Vigliecca
- Servicio de Neurología y Neurocirugía del Hospital Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN), Regional Córdoba; Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Javier Alfredo Voos
- Servicio de Neurología y Neurocirugía del Hospital Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN), Regional Córdoba; Córdoba, Argentina
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5
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Drane DL, Pedersen NP. Knowledge of language function and underlying neural networks gained from focal seizures and epilepsy surgery. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2019; 189:20-33. [PMID: 30615986 PMCID: PMC7183240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of epilepsy and its treatments have contributed significantly to language models. The setting of epilepsy surgery, which allows for careful pre- and postsurgical evaluation of patients with cognitive testing and neuroimaging, has produced a wealth of language findings. Moreover, a new wave of surgical interventions, including stereotactic laser ablation and radio frequency ablation, have contributed new insights and corrections to language models as they can make extremely precise, focal lesions. This review covers the common language deficits observed in focal dyscognitive seizure syndromes. It also addresses the effects of surgical interventions on language, and highlights insights gained from unique epilepsy assessment methods (e.g., cortical stimulation mapping, Wada evaluation). Emergent findings are covered including a lack of involvement of the hippocampus in confrontation word retrieval, possible roles for key white matter tracts in language, and the often-overlooked basal temporal language area. The relationship between language and semantic memory networks is also explored, with brief consideration given to the prevailing models of semantic processing, including the amodal Hub and distributed, multi-modal processing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Drane
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Nigel P Pedersen
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Arya R, Roth C, Leach JL, Middeler D, Wilson JA, Vannest J, Rozhkov L, Greiner HM, Buroker J, Scholle C, Fujiwara H, Horn PS, Rose DF, Crone NE, Mangano FT, Byars AW, Holland KD. Neuropsychological outcomes after resection of cortical sites with visual naming associated electrocorticographic high-gamma modulation. Epilepsy Res 2019; 151:17-23. [PMID: 30721879 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Language mapping with high-gamma modulation (HGM) has compared well with electrical cortical stimulation mapping (ESM). However, there is limited prospective data about its functional validity. We compared changes in neuropsychological evaluation (NPE) performed before and 1-year after epilepsy surgery, between patients with/without resection of cortical sites showing HGM during a visual naming task. METHODS Pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients underwent pre-surgical language localization with ESM and HGM using a visual naming task. Surgical decisions were based solely on ESM results. NPE difference scores were compared between patients with/without resection of HGM naming sites using principal component (PC) analysis. Follow-up NPE scores were modeled with resection group as main effect and respective pre-surgical score as a covariate, using analysis of covariance. RESULTS Seventeen native English speakers (12 females), aged 6.5-20.2 years, were included. One year after epilepsy surgery, first PC score increased by (mean ± standard deviation) 14.4 ± 16.5 points in patients without resection, whereas it decreased by 7.6 ± 24.6 points in those with resection of HGM naming sites (p = 0.040). This PC score represented verbal comprehension, working memory, perceptual reasoning (Wechsler subscales); Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement; and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Subsequent analysis showed significant difference in working memory score between patients with/without resection of HGM naming sites (-15.2 points, 95% confidence limits -29.7 to -0.7, p = 0.041). CONCLUSION We highlight the functional consequences of resecting HGM language sites, and suggest that NPE of DRE patients should include comprehensive assessment of multiple linguistic and cognitive domains besides naming ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Arya
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Celie Roth
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James L Leach
- Division of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Denise Middeler
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Adam Wilson
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Vannest
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Leonid Rozhkov
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hansel M Greiner
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jason Buroker
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Clinical Engineering, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Craig Scholle
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Clinical Engineering, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hisako Fujiwara
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Paul S Horn
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Douglas F Rose
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francesco T Mangano
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna W Byars
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katherine D Holland
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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7
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Snowden JS, Harris JM, Thompson JC, Kobylecki C, Jones M, Richardson AM, Neary D. Semantic dementia and the left and right temporal lobes. Cortex 2018; 107:188-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yurchenko A, Golovteev A, Kopachev D, Dragoy O. Comprehension and production of nouns and verbs in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 75:127-133. [PMID: 28858722 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous research on linguistic performance at the single-word level in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has mostly been limited to the comprehension and production of nouns, and findings have been inconsistent. Results are likewise limited and controversial regarding the lateralization of the epileptogenic focus. The present study investigates comprehension and production of nouns and verbs in patients with left and right TLE (12 in each group). We designed a comprehension (word-picture matching) test and a production (naming) test, matched on a range of psycholinguistic parameters for the two word classes. The results showed impaired verb comprehension in patients with left TLE and impaired noun and verb production in both groups of patients compared to the control group. Patients with left and right TLE differed significantly on verb comprehension and noun production, whereas verb production was equally impaired in the two groups of patients. These findings suggest difficulties with single-word processing in patients with both left and right TLE, which are more prominent for verbs than for nouns in patients with left TLE. The verb production (action naming) test turned out to be the most effective tool for assessing linguistic difficulties at the single-word level in patients with TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yurchenko
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | | | - Olga Dragoy
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Comparing the Intracarotid Amobarbital Test and Functional MRI for the Presurgical Evaluation of Language in Epilepsy. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11910-017-0763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Miozzo M, Williams AC, McKhann GM, Hamberger MJ. Topographical gradients of semantics and phonology revealed by temporal lobe stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:688-703. [PMID: 27654942 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Word retrieval is a fundamental component of oral communication, and it is well established that this function is supported by left temporal cortex. Nevertheless, the specific temporal areas mediating word retrieval and the particular linguistic processes these regions support have not been well delineated. Toward this end, we analyzed over 1000 naming errors induced by left temporal cortical stimulation in epilepsy surgery patients. Errors were primarily semantic (lemon → "pear"), phonological (horn → "corn"), non-responses, and delayed responses (correct responses after a delay), and each error type appeared predominantly in a specific region: semantic errors in mid-middle temporal gyrus (TG), phonological errors and delayed responses in middle and posterior superior TG, and non-responses in anterior inferior TG. To the extent that semantic errors, phonological errors and delayed responses reflect disruptions in different processes, our results imply topographical specialization of semantic and phonological processing. Specifically, results revealed an inferior-to-superior gradient, with more superior regions associated with phonological processing. Further, errors were increasingly semantically related to targets toward posterior temporal cortex. We speculate that detailed semantic input is needed to support phonological retrieval, and thus, the specificity of semantic input increases progressively toward posterior temporal regions implicated in phonological processing. Hum Brain Mapp 38:688-703, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia C Williams
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Guy M McKhann
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Marla J Hamberger
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
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11
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Llorens A, Dubarry AS, Trébuchon A, Chauvel P, Alario FX, Liégeois-Chauvel C. Contextual modulation of hippocampal activity during picture naming. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2016; 159:92-101. [PMID: 27380274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Picture naming is a standard task used to probe language processes in healthy and impaired speakers. It recruits a broad neural network of language related areas, among which the hippocampus is rarely included. However, the hippocampus could play a role during picture naming, subtending, for example, implicit learning of the links between pictured objects and their names. To test this hypothesis, we recorded hippocampal activity during plain picture naming, without memorization requirement; we further assessed whether this activity was modulated by contextual factors such as repetition priming and semantic interference. Local field potentials recorded from intracerebral electrodes implanted in the healthy hippocampi of epileptic patients revealed a specific and reliable pattern of activity, markedly modulated by repetition priming and semantic context. These results indicate that the hippocampus is recruited during picture naming, presumably in relation to implicit learning, with contextual factors promoting differential hippocampal processes, possibly subtended by different sub-circuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Llorens
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut des Neurosciences des Systemes, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR7290, LPC, Marseille, France
| | - A-S Dubarry
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut des Neurosciences des Systemes, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR7290, LPC, Marseille, France
| | - A Trébuchon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut des Neurosciences des Systemes, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Neurophysiologie Clinique, Marseille, France
| | - P Chauvel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut des Neurosciences des Systemes, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Neurophysiologie Clinique, Marseille, France
| | - F-X Alario
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR7290, LPC, Marseille, France
| | - C Liégeois-Chauvel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut des Neurosciences des Systemes, Marseille, France.
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12
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Hamberger MJ, Miozzo M, Schevon CA, Morrison C, Carlson C, Mehta AD, Klein GE, McKhann GM, Williams AC. Functional differences among stimulation-identified cortical naming sites in the temporal region. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 60:124-129. [PMID: 27206230 PMCID: PMC4912888 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To preserve postoperative language, electrical stimulation mapping is often conducted prior to surgery involving the language-dominant hemisphere. Object naming is the task most widely used to identify language cortex, and sites where stimulation elicits naming difficulty are typically spared from resection. In clinical practice, sites classified as positive undergo no further testing regarding the underlying cause of naming failure. Word production is a complex function involving multiple mechanisms that culminate in the identification of the target word. Two main mechanisms, i.e., semantic and phonological, underlie the retrieval of stored information regarding word meaning and word sounds, and naming can be hampered by disrupting either of these. These two mechanisms are likely mediated by different brain areas, and therefore, stimulation-identified naming sites might not be functionally equivalent. We investigated whether further testing at stimulation-identified naming sites would reveal an anatomical dissociation between these two mechanisms. In 16 patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with implanted subdural electrodes, we tested whether, despite inability to produce an item name, patients could reliably access semantic or phonological information regarding objects during cortical stimulation. We found that stimulation at naming sites in superior temporal cortex tended to impair phonological processing yet spared access to semantic information. By contrast, stimulation of inferior temporal naming sites revealed a greater proportion of sites where semantic access was impaired and a dissociation between sites where stimulation spared or disrupted semantic or phonological processing. These functional-anatomical dissociations reveal the more specific contribution to naming provided by these cortical areas and shed light on the often profound, interictal word-finding deficit observed in temporal lobe epilepsy. Additionally, these techniques potentially lay the groundwork for future studies to determine whether particular naming sites that fall within the margins of the desired clinical resection might be resected without significant risk of decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla J Hamberger
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Michele Miozzo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Catherine A Schevon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chris Morrison
- Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chad Carlson
- Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ashesh D Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, North Shore LIJ Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, United States
| | - Gad E Klein
- Department of Neurological Surgery, North Shore LIJ Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, United States
| | - Guy M McKhann
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alicia C Williams
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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