1
|
Firat EAM, Buhl EM, Bouteldja N, Smeets B, Eriksson U, Boor P, Klinkhammer BM. PDGF-D Is Dispensable for the Development and Progression of Murine Alport Syndrome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:641-655. [PMID: 38309427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Alport syndrome is an inherited kidney disease, which can lead to glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis, as well as end-stage kidney disease in children and adults. Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) mediates glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis in various models of kidney disease, prompting investigation of its role in a murine model of Alport syndrome. In vitro, PDGF-D induced proliferation and profibrotic activation of conditionally immortalized human parietal epithelial cells. In Col4a3-/- mice, a model of Alport syndrome, PDGF-D mRNA and protein were significantly up-regulated compared with non-diseased wild-type mice. To analyze the therapeutic potential of PDGF-D inhibition, Col4a3-/- mice were treated with a PDGF-D neutralizing antibody. Surprisingly, PDGF-D antibody treatment had no effect on renal function, glomerulosclerosis, fibrosis, or other indices of kidney injury compared with control treatment with unspecific IgG. To characterize the role of PDGF-D in disease development, Col4a3-/- mice with a constitutive genetic deletion of Pdgfd were generated and analyzed. No difference in pathologic features or kidney function was observed in Col4a3-/-Pdgfd-/- mice compared with Col4a3-/-Pdgfd+/+ littermates, confirming the antibody treatment data. Mechanistically, lack of proteolytic PDGF-D activation in Col4a3-/- mice might explain the lack of effects in vivo. In conclusion, despite its established role in kidney fibrosis, PDGF-D, without further activation, does not mediate the development and progression of Alport syndrome in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nassim Bouteldja
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bart Smeets
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang Y, Cao D, Zhang M, Yang Y, Niu G, Tang L, Shen Z, Zhang Z, Bai Y, Min D, He A. Exploring the impact of PDGFD in osteosarcoma metastasis through single-cell sequencing analysis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00949-3. [PMID: 38652223 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The overall survival rate for metastatic osteosarcoma hovers around 20%. Responses to second-line chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies have demonstrated limited efficacy in metastatic osteosarcoma. Our objective is to validate differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways between non-metastatic and metastatic osteosarcoma, employing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and additional functional investigations. We aim to enhance comprehension of metastatic mechanisms and potentially unveil a therapeutic target. METHODS scRNA-seq was performed on two primary osteosarcoma lesions (1 non-metastatic and 1 metastatic). Seurat package facilitated dimensionality reduction and cluster identification. Copy number variation (CNV) was predicted using InferCNV. CellChat characterized ligand-receptor-based intercellular communication networks. Differentially expressed genes underwent GO function enrichment analysis and GSEA. Validation was achieved through the GSE152048 dataset, which identified PDGFD-PDGFRB as a common ligand-receptor pair with significant contribution. Immunohistochemistry assessed PDGFD and PDGFRB expression, while multicolor immunofluorescence and flow cytometry provided insight into spatial relationships and the tumor immune microenvironment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis compared metastasis-free survival and overall survival between high and low levels of PDGFD and PDGFRB. Manipulation of PDGFD expression in primary osteosarcoma cells examined invasion abilities and related markers. RESULTS Ten clusters encompassing osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells, myeloid cells, T cells, B cells, and proliferating cells were identified. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes exhibited heightened CNV levels. Ligand-receptor-based communication networks exposed significant fibroblast crosstalk with other cell types, and the PDGF signaling pathway was activated in non-metastatic osteosarcoma primary lesion. These results were corroborated by the GSE152048 dataset, confirming the prominence of PDGFD-PDGFRB as a common ligand-receptor pair. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated considerably greater PDGFD expression in non-metastatic osteosarcoma tissues and organoids, correlating with extended metastasis-free and overall survival. PDGFRB expression showed no significant variation between non-metastatic and metastatic osteosarcoma, nor strong correlations with survival times. Multicolor immunofluorescence suggested co-localization of PDGFD with PDGFRB. Flow cytometry unveiled a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment in metastatic osteosarcoma. Manipulating PDGFD expression demonstrated altered invasive abilities and marker expressions in primary osteosarcoma cells from both non-metastatic and metastatic lesions. CONCLUSIONS scRNA-seq illuminated the activation of the PDGF signaling pathway in primary lesion of non-metastatic osteosarcoma. PDGFD displayed an inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma metastasis, likely through the suppression of the EMT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, the Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Manxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, the Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | | | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqing Bai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin YC, Sahoo BK, Gau SS, Yang RB. The biology of SCUBE. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:33. [PMID: 37237303 PMCID: PMC10214685 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The SCUBE [Signal peptide-Complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 (CUB)-Epithelial growth factor domain-containing protein] family consists of three proteins in vertebrates, SCUBE1, 2 and 3, which are highly conserved in zebrafish, mice and humans. Each SCUBE gene encodes a polypeptide of approximately 1000 amino acids that is organized into five modular domains: (1) an N-terminal signal peptide sequence, (2) nine tandem epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, (3) a large spacer region, (4) three cysteine-rich (CR) motifs, and (5) a CUB domain at the C-terminus. Murine Scube genes are expressed individually or in combination during the development of various tissues, including those in the central nervous system and the axial skeleton. The cDNAs of human SCUBE orthologs were originally cloned from vascular endothelial cells, but SCUBE expression has also been found in platelets, mammary ductal epithelium and osteoblasts. Both soluble and membrane-associated SCUBEs have been shown to play important roles in physiology and pathology. For instance, upregulation of SCUBEs has been reported in acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer and lung cancer. In addition, soluble SCUBE1 is released from activated platelets and can be used as a clinical biomarker for acute coronary syndrome and ischemic stroke. Soluble SCUBE2 enhances distal signaling by facilitating the secretion of dual-lipidated hedgehog from nearby ligand-producing cells in a paracrine manner. Interestingly, the spacer regions and CR motifs can increase or enable SCUBE binding to cell surfaces via electrostatic or glycan-lectin interactions. As such, membrane-associated SCUBEs can function as coreceptors that enhance the signaling activity of various serine/threonine kinase or tyrosine kinase receptors. For example, membrane-associated SCUBE3 functions as a coreceptor that promotes signaling in bone morphogenesis. In humans, SCUBE3 mutations are linked to abnormalities in growth and differentiation of both bones and teeth. In addition to studies on human SCUBE function, experimental results from genetically modified mouse models have yielded important insights in the field of systems biology. In this review, we highlight novel molecular discoveries and critical directions for future research on SCUBE proteins in the context of cancer, skeletal disease and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Charn Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Binay K Sahoo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Shin Gau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Bing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandey P, Khan F, Upadhyay TK, Seungjoon M, Park MN, Kim B. New insights about the PDGF/PDGFR signaling pathway as a promising target to develop cancer therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114491. [PMID: 37002577 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous cancers express platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). By directly stimulating tumour cells in an autocrine manner or by stimulating tumour stromal cells in a paracrine manner, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) pathway is crucial in the growth and spread of several cancers. To combat hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment, it encourages angiogenesis. A growing body of experimental data shows that PDGFs target malignant cells, vascular cells, and stromal cells to modulate tumour growth, metastasis, and the tumour microenvironment. To combat medication resistance and enhance patient outcomes in cancers, targeting the PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a viable therapeutic approach. There have been reports of anomalies in the PDGF pathway, including the gain of function point mutations, activating chromosomal translocations, or overexpression or amplification of PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). As a result, it has been shown that targeting the PDGF/PDGFR signaling pathway is an effective method for treating cancer. As a result, this study will concentrate on the regulation of the PDGF/PDGFR signaling system, in particular the current methods and inhibitors used in cancer treatment, as well as the associated therapeutic advantages and side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India.
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Moon Seungjoon
- Chansol Hospital of Korean Medicine, 290, Buheung-ro, Bupyeong-gu, Incheon 21390, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo Y, Zhang M, Guo Z, Wijayanti D, Xu H, Jiang F, Lan X. Insertion/Deletion (InDel) Variants within the Sheep Fat-Deposition-Related PDGFD Gene Strongly Affect Morphological Traits. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091485. [PMID: 37174523 PMCID: PMC10177341 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGFD) is a member of the PDGF gene family, and it plays an important role in the regulation of adipocyte development in mammals. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have previously identified it as a candidate gene associated with fleece fiber variation, body size, and the fat-tail phenotype in domestic Chinese sheep. In this study, a total of 1919 indigenous Chinese sheep were genotyped to examine the association between nucleotide sequence variations in PDGFD and body morphology. Our results detected both a 14 bp insertion in intron 2 and a 13 bp deletion in intron 4 of PDGFD. Moreover, these two InDel loci had low to moderate polymorphism. Notably, the 13 bp deletion mutation of PDGFD was found to significantly affect sheep body size. Yearling rams in the Luxi black-headed sheep (LXBH) containing a heterozygous genotype (insertion/deletion, ID) were found to have larger body length, chest depth, and body weight than those with wild genotypes. Furthermore, adult ewes in the Guiqian semi-fine wool sheep (GSFW) containing a homozygous mutation (deletion/deletion, DD) were found to have smaller chest width than their peers. Moreover, yearling ewes in this group with the same homozygous mutation were found to have lower body weight, chest width, and cannon circumference compared to those of other individuals. This study demonstrates that PDGFD InDel polymorphisms have the potential to be effective molecular markers to improve morphological traits in domestic Chinese sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhengang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Bijie Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Dwi Wijayanti
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Fugui Jiang
- Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu Z, Wen S, Huo Z, Wang Q, Zhao J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhou F, Guo Z, Liu H, Zhou S. Current Status and Prospects of Targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma. Cells 2022; 11:3507. [PMID: 36359903 PMCID: PMC9653755 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor occurring in bone tissue with a high propensity to metastasize, and its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The OS prognosis is poor, and improving the survival of OS patients remains a challenge. Current treatment methods such as surgical approaches, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immunotherapeutic drugs remain ineffective. As research progresses, targeted therapy is gradually becoming irreplaceable. In this review, several treatment modalities for osteosarcoma, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are briefly described, followed by a discussion of targeted therapy, the important targets, and new technologies for osteosarcoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zunguo Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Zijun Huo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jiantao Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhangyu Guo
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Huancai Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Neffeová K, Olejníčková V, Naňka O, Kolesová H. Development and diseases of the coronary microvasculature and its communication with the myocardium. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1560. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Neffeová
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Olejníčková
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Science Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Naňka
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolesová
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Science Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu S, Liu Y, Zhang D, Huang H, Li J, Wei J, Yang Y, Cui Y, Xie J, Zhou X. PDGF-AA promotes gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:544-558. [PMID: 35152816 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2036733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) plays an important role in cell growth, development and homeostasis. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is an important half-channel protein responsible for gap junction formation. Platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA) regulates the proliferation, migration, metabolism, apoptosis and cell cycle of chondrocytes. However, the role of PDGF-AA in gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes is not fully understood. In the current study, we performed experiments to explore the effect of PDGF-AA on GJIC and its underlying biomechanical mechanism. METHODS qPCR was performed to determine the expression of PDGF, PDGFR and connexin family genes in chondrocytes and/or cartilage. A scrape loading/dye transfer assay was used to determine GJIC. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression of Cx43 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to examine protein distribution. Scanning electron microscopy was used to delineate the morphology of chondrocytes. RESULTS Expression of PDGF-A mRNA was highest among the PDGF family in chondrocytes and cartilage tissues. PDGF-AA promoted functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes by upregulating the expression of Cx43. Enhanced functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes induced by PDGF-AA occurred through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and its nuclear accumulation. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study provides evidence demonstrating the role of PDGF-AA in cell-to-cell communication in chondrocytes through mediating Cx43 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongcan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiachi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li D, Huang LT, Zhang CP, Li Q, Wang JH. Insights Into the Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factors: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis and Treatment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:890509. [PMID: 35847662 PMCID: PMC9283766 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.890509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease, commonly occurs in the elderly population, causing a significant medical and economic burden to the aging society worldwide. At present, there are few effective methods that achieve satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of PD. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) are important neurotrophic factors that are expressed in various cell types. Their unique structures allow for specific binding that can effectively regulate vital functions in the nervous system. In this review, we summarized the possible mechanisms by which PDGFs/PDGFRs regulate the occurrence and development of PD by affecting oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, protein folding and aggregation, Ca2+ homeostasis, and cell neuroinflammation. These modes of action mainly depend on the type and distribution of PDGFs in different nerve cells. We also summarized the possible clinical applications and prospects for PDGF in the treatment of PD, especially in genetic treatment. Recent advances have shown that PDGFs have contradictory roles within the central nervous system (CNS). Although they exert neuroprotective effects through multiple pathways, they are also associated with the disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Our recommendations based on our findings include further investigation of the contradictory neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects of the PDGFs acting on the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Le-Tian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng-pu Zhang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Li,
| | - Jia-He Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Jia-He Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li L, Wu D, Qin X, Mi LZ. PDGF-D Prodomain Differentially Inhibits the Biological Activities of PDGF-D and PDGF-B. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167709. [PMID: 35777468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As a member of PDGF/VEGF (Platelet-derived growth factor/ Vascular endothelial growth factor) growth factors, PDGF-D regulates blood vessel development, wound healing, innate immunity, and organogenesis. Unlike PDGF-A and PDGF-B, PDGF-D has an additional CUB (Complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domain at the N-terminus of its growth factor domain, and thus it is secreted in a latent, inactive complex, which needs to be proteolytically activated for its biological activities. However, how the CUB domain contributes to the latency and activation of the growth factor remains elusive. In this study, we modeled the dimeric structure of PDGF-D pro-complex and studied the inhibitory functions of PDGF-D prodomain on PDGF-B and PDGF-D signaling. In our model, the growth factor domain of PDGF-D forms a VEGF-D-like dimer through their β1 and β3 interactions. The hinge and CUB domains of PDGF-D bind at the opposite sides of the growth factor domain and exclude the PDGFR-β (PDGF Receptor β) D2 and D3 domains from recognizing the growth factor. In addition, we verified that PDGF-D prodomain could inhibit both PDGF-B and PDGF-D mediated PDGFR-β transphosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. However, PDGF-D prodomain could only inhibit the proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells stimulated by PDGF-D but not by PDGF-B, indicating its differential inhibitory activities toward PDGF-B and PDGF-D signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linli Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Li-Zhi Mi
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pham T, Najy AJ, Kim HRC. E3 ligase HUWE1 promotes PDGF D-mediated osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by effecting polyubiquitination of β-PDGFR. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101981. [PMID: 35472332 PMCID: PMC9133640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cell populations and exhibit great potential in regenerative medicine and oncology. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are well known to regulate MSC biology through their chemotactic and mitogenic properties. However, their direct roles in the regulation of MSC lineage commitment are unclear. Here, we show that PDGF D promotes the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) into osteoblasts and inhibits hBMSC differentiation into adipocytes. We demonstrate that PDGF D-induced β-actin expression and polymerization are essential for mediating this differential regulation of osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis. Interestingly, we found that PDGF D induces massive upward molecular weight shifts of its cognate receptor, PDGF receptor beta (β-PDGFR) in hBMSCs, which was not observed in fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis indicated that the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECT, UBA, and WWE domain–containing protein 1 (HUWE1) associates with the PDGF D-activated β-PDGFR signaling complex in hBMSCs, resulting in β-PDGFR polyubiquitination. In contrast to the well-known role of ubiquitin in protein degradation, we provide evidence that HUWE1-mediated β-PDGFR polyubiquitination delays β-PDGFR internalization and degradation, thereby prolonging AKT signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that HUWE1-regulated β-PDGFR signaling is essential for osteoblastic differentiation of hBMSCs, while being dispensable for PDGF D-induced hBMSC migration and proliferation as well as PDGF D-mediated inhibition of hBMSC differentiation into adipocytes. Taken together, our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism by which PDGF D regulates the commitment of hBMSCs into the osteoblastic lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tri Pham
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201 USA
| | - Abdo J Najy
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201 USA
| | - Hyeong-Reh C Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Uppulapu SK, Alam MJ, Kumar S, Banerjee SK. Indazole and its Derivatives in Cardiovascular Diseases: Overview, Current Scenario, and Future Perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1177-1188. [PMID: 34906057 PMCID: PMC10782885 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211214151534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with a bicyclic ring structure composed of a pyrazole ring and a benzene ring. Indazole-containing compounds with various functional groups have important pharmacological activities and can be used as structural motifs in designing novel drug molecules. Some of the indazole-containing molecules are approved by FDA and are already in the market. However, very few drugs with indazole rings have been developed against cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the structural and pharmacological functions of indazole derivatives which have shown efficacy against cardiovascular pathologies in experimental settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Kumar Uppulapu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Md. Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Y, Sedgwick AJ, Palarasah Y, Mangiola S, Barrow AD. A Transcriptional Signature of PDGF-DD Activated Natural Killer Cells Predicts More Favorable Prognosis in Low-Grade Glioma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:668391. [PMID: 34539622 PMCID: PMC8444979 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGF-DD) to the NKp44 receptor activates a distinct transcriptional program in primary IL-2 expanded human natural killer (NK) cells. We were interested in knowing if the PDGF-DD-NKp44 pathway of NK cell activation might play a clinically relevant role in anti-tumor immunity. In order to address this question, we determined transcriptional signatures unique to resting, IL-2 expanded, and PDGF-DD activated, NK cells, in addition to different T cell subsets, and established the abundance of these immune cell phenotypes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) low-grade glioma (LGG) dataset using CIBERSORT. Our results show that LGG patient tumors enriched for either the PDGF-DD activated NK cell or memory CD8+ T cell phenotypes are associated with a more favorable prognosis. Combined cell phenotype analyses revealed that patients with LGG tumors enriched for the PDGF-DD activated NK cell phenotype and the CD4+ T helper cell phenotype had a more favorable prognosis. High expression of transcripts encoding members of the killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLR) family, such as KLRK1 and KLRC2, KLRC3 and KLRC4 in LGG tumors were associated with more favorable prognosis, suggesting that these NK cell family receptors may play a prominent role in LGG anti-tumor immunity. Finally, many of the TCGA findings were reciprocated in LGG patients from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset. Our results provide transcriptomic evidence that PDGF-DD activated NK cells and KLR family receptors may play an important clinical role in immune surveillance of LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander James Sedgwick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefano Mangiola
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander David Barrow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peng G, Wang Y, Ge P, Bailey C, Zhang P, Zhang D, Meng Z, Qi C, Chen Q, Chen J, Niu J, Zheng P, Liu Y, Liu Y. The HIF1α-PDGFD-PDGFRα axis controls glioblastoma growth at normoxia/mild-hypoxia and confers sensitivity to targeted therapy by echinomycin. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:278. [PMID: 34470658 PMCID: PMC8411541 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal brain tumor, remains the most daunting challenge in cancer therapy. Overexpression and constitutive activation of PDGFs and PDGFRα are observed in most GBM; however, available inhibitors targeting isolated signaling pathways are minimally effective. Therefore, better understanding of crucial mechanisms underlying GBM is needed for developing more effective targeted therapies. Methods Target genes controlled by HIF1α in GBM were identified by analysis of TCGA database and by RNA-sequencing of GBM cells with HIF1α knockout by sgRNA-Cas9 method. Functional roles of HIF1α, PDGFs and PDGFRs were elucidated by loss- or gain-of-function assays or chemical inhibitors, and compared in response to oxygen tension. Pharmacological efficacy and gene expression in mice with intracranial xenografts of primary GBM were analyzed by bioluminescence imaging and immunofluorescence. Results HIF1α binds the PDGFD proximal promoter and PDGFRA intron enhancers in GBM cells under normoxia or mild-hypoxia to induce their expression and maintain constitutive activation of AKT signaling, which in turn increases HIF1α protein level and activity. Paradoxically, severe hypoxia abrogates PDGFRα expression despite enhancing HIF1α accumulation and corresponding PDGF-D expression. Knockout of HIF1A, PDGFD or PDGFRA in U251 cells inhibits cell growth and invasion in vitro and eradicates tumor growth in vivo. HIF1A knockdown in primary GBM extends survival of xenograft mice, whereas PDGFD overexpression in GL261 shortens survival. HIF1α inhibitor Echinomycin induces GBM cell apoptosis and effectively inhibits growth of GBM in vivo by simultaneously targeting HIF1α-PDGFD/PDGFRα-AKT feedforward pathway. Conclusions HIF1α orchestrates expression of PDGF-D and PDGFRα for constitutive activation of AKT pathway and is crucial for GBM malignancy. Therefore, therapies targeting HIF1α should provide an effective treatment for GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02082-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Peng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Christopher Bailey
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Cancer for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Cancer for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chong Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Pan Zheng
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,OncoC4, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA. .,OncoC4, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Yan Liu
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pascuali N, Scotti L, Oubiña G, de Zúñiga I, Gomez Peña M, Pomilio C, Saravia F, Tesone M, Abramovich D, Parborell F. Platelet-derived growth factor B restores vascular barrier integrity and diminishes permeability in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:585-600. [PMID: 32467982 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although advances in the prediction and management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) have been introduced, complete prevention is not yet possible. Previously, we and other authors have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietins (ANGPTs) and sphingosine-1-phosphate are involved in OHSS etiology. In addition, we have demonstrated that ovarian protein levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands -B and -D decrease in an OHSS rat model, whilst PDGFR-β and ANGPT2 remain unchanged. In the present work, we investigated the role of PDGF-B in OHSS by evaluating ligand protein levels in follicular fluid (FF) from women at risk of developing OHSS and by using an immature rat model of OHSS. We demonstrated that PDGF-B and PDGF-D are lower in FF from women at risk of developing OHSS compared to control patients (P < 0.05). In the OHSS rat model, PDGF-B (0.5 µg/ovary) administration decreased ovarian weight (P < 0.05), reduced serum progesterone (P < 0.05) and lowered the percentage of cysts (P < 0.05), compared to untreated OHSS rats, but had no effect on the proportion of follicles or corpora lutea (CL). PDGF-B treatment also restored the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (P < 0.05) and P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P < 0.01) to control levels. In addition, PDGF-B increased the peri-endothelial cell area in CL and cystic structures, and reduced vascular permeability compared to untreated OHSS ovaries. Lastly, PDGF-B increased the levels of junction proteins claudin-5 (P < 0.05), occludin (P < 0.05) and β-catenin (P < 0.05), while boosting the extracellular deposition of collagen IV surrounding the ovarian vasculature (PP < 0.01), compared to OHSS alone. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PDGF-B could be another crucial mediator in the onset and development of OHSS, which may lead to the development of novel prediction markers and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pascuali
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leopoldina Scotti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Oubiña
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Carlos Pomilio
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Flavia Saravia
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Tesone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dalhia Abramovich
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hu W, Zhang R, Chen W, Lin D, Wei K, Li J, Zhang B, Li X, Tang Z. Glycosylation at Asn254 Is Required for the Activation of the PDGF-C Protein. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:665552. [PMID: 34109212 PMCID: PMC8181125 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.665552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGF-C) is a member of the PDGF/VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) family, which includes proteins that are well known for their mitogenic effects on multiple cell types. Glycosylation is one of the most important forms of posttranslational modification that has a significant impact on secreted and membrane proteins. Glycosylation has many well-characterized roles in facilitating protein processing and contributes to appropriate folding, conformation, distribution, and stability of proteins that are synthesized intracellularly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. Although the general process and functions of glycosylation are well documented, there are most likely others yet to be discovered, as the glycosylation of many potential substrates has not been characterized. In this study, we report that the PDGF-C protein is glycosylated at three sites, including Asn25, Asn55, and Asn254. However, we found that mutations at any of these sites do not affect the protein expression or secretion. Similarly, disruption of PDGF-C glycosylation had no impact on its progression through the ER and Golgi apparatus. However, the introduction of a mutation at Asn254 (N254 A) prevents the activation of full-length PDGF-C and its capacity for signaling via the PDGF receptor. Our findings reveal that glycosylation affects PDGF-C activation rather than the protein synthesis or processing. This study characterizes a crucial modification of the PDGF-C protein, and may shed new light on the process and function of glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyue Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongshu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu C, Li N, Cheng H, Ma Y. Genome wide association study for the identification of genes associated with tail fat deposition in Chinese sheep breeds. Biol Open 2021; 10:261767. [PMID: 33942864 PMCID: PMC8186729 DOI: 10.1242/bio.054932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese indigenous sheep can be classified into three types based on tail morphology: fat-tailed, fat-rumped, and thin-tailed sheep, of which the typical breeds are large-tailed Han sheep, Altay sheep, and Tibetan sheep, respectively. To unravel the molecular genetic basis underlying the phenotypic differences among Chinese indigenous sheep with these three different tail types, we used ovine high-density 600K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to detect genome-wide associations, and performed general linear model analysis to identify candidate genes, using genotyping technology to validate the candidate genes. Tail type is an important economic trait in sheep. However, the candidate genes associated with tail type are not known. The objective of this study was to identify SNP markers, genes, and chromosomal regions related to tail traits. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using data from 40 large-tailed Han sheep, 40 Altay sheep (cases) and 40 Tibetan sheep (controls). A total of 31 significant (P<0.05) SNPs associated with tail-type traits were detected. For significant SNPs' loci, we determined their physical location and performed a screening of candidate genes within each region. By combining information from previously reported and annotated biological functional genes, we identified SPAG17, Tbx15, VRTN, NPC2, BMP2 and PDGFD as the most promising candidate genes for tail-type traits. Based on the above identified candidate genes for tail-type traits, BMP2 and PDGFD genes were selected to investigate the relationship between SNPs within the tails in the Altay and Tibetan populations. rs119 T>C in exon1 of the BMP2 gene and one SNP in exon4 (rs69 C>A) of the PDGFD gene were detected. rs119 was of the TT genotype in Altay sheep, while it was of the CC genotype in Tibetan sheep. On rs69 of the PDGFD gene, Altay sheep presented with the CC genotype; however, Tibetan sheep presented with the AA genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiye Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Understanding angiogenesis and the role of angiogenic growth factors in the vascularisation of engineered tissues. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:941-950. [PMID: 33393005 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a rapidly developing field with many potential clinical applications in tissue and organ regeneration. The development of a mature and stable vasculature within these engineered tissues (ET) remains a significant obstacle. Currently, several growth factors (GFs) have been identified to play key roles within in vivo angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), FGF and angiopoietins. In this article we attempt to build on in vivo principles to review the single, dual and multiple GF release systems and their effects on promoting angiogenesis. We conclude that multiple GF release systems offer superior results compared to single and dual systems with more stable, mature and larger vessels produced. However, with more complex release systems this raises other problems such as increased cost and significant GF-GF interactions. Upstream regulators and pericyte-coated scaffolds could provide viable alternative to circumnavigate these issues.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dong K, Yang M, Han J, Ma Q, Han J, Song Z, Luosang C, Gorkhali NA, Yang B, He X, Ma Y, Jiang L. Genomic analysis of worldwide sheep breeds reveals PDGFD as a major target of fat-tail selection in sheep. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:800. [PMID: 33203382 PMCID: PMC7670677 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fat tail is a unique trait in sheep acquired during domestication. Several genomic analyses have been conducted in sheep breeds from limited geographic origins to identify the genetic factors underlying this trait. Nevertheless, these studies obtained different candidates. The results of these regional studies were easily biased by the breed structures. Results To minimize the bias and distinguish the true candidates, we used an extended data set of 968 sheep representing 18 fat-tailed breeds and 14 thin-tailed breeds from around the world, and integrated two statistical tests to detect selection signatures, including Genetic Fixation Index (FST) and difference of derived allele frequency (ΔDAF). The results showed that platelet derived growth factor D (PDGFD) exhibited the highest genetic differentiation between fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds. Analysis of sequence variation identified that a 6.8-kb region within the first intron of PDGFD is likely the target of positive selection and contains regulatory mutation(s) in fat-tailed sheep. Histological and gene expression analyses demonstrated that PDGFD expression is associated with maturation and hemostasis of adipocytes. Further retrospective analysis of public transcriptomic datasets revealed that PDGFD expression is down-regulated during adipogenesis in both human and mouse, and is higher in fat tissues of obese individuals than that in lean individuals. Conclusions These results reveal that PDGFD is the predominant factor for the fat tail phenotype in sheep by contributing to adiopogenesis and maintaining the hemostasis of mature adipocytes. This study provides insights into the selection of fat-tailed sheep and has important application to animal breeding, as well as obesity-related human diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07210-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhe Dong
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.,Present address: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Min Yang
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jiangang Han
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Research Center of Grass and Livestock, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Jilong Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Cuicheng Luosang
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Neena Amatya Gorkhali
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bohui Yang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yuehui Ma
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Lin Jiang
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAAS, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Struk T, Nair V, Eichinger F, Kretzler M, Wedlich-Söldner R, Bayraktar S, Pavenstädt H. Transcriptome analysis of primary podocytes reveals novel calcium regulated regulatory networks. FASEB J 2020; 34:14490-14506. [PMID: 32931033 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902493rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes are pivotal in establishing the selective permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. Recently, we showed that an increase of the intracellular calcium ion concentration [Ca2+ ] causes a rapid and transient actin reset (CaAR) measurable through live imaging microscopy using lifeact-mCherry as an actin dye in different cell types including the podocyte. This and other studies show the critical role [Ca2+ ] and the actin cytoskeleton play in podocyte homeostasis. To further investigate the role of [Ca2+ ] and the actin cytoskeleton in podocytes, we used a double fluorescent reporter mouse model to establish a primary podocyte culture system. We treated these podocytes temporarily with a Calcium Ionophore and facultatively with Latrunculin A, an inhibitor of actin polymerization. Unbiased genome wide transcriptional analysis identified a transcriptional response in podocytes to elevated [Ca2+ ] levels, affecting mRNA levels of PDGF-BB, RICTOR, and MIR17HG as mediators of Ca2+ -signaling. Comparison of the ex vivo transcriptional response from the primary podocyte culture with glomerular transcripts across a wide spectrum of CKD disease confirmed co-regulation of transcript sets, establishing the disease relevance of the model system. Our findings demonstrate novel [Ca2+ ] regulated gene networks in podocytes deepening our understanding of podocyte biology and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaddäus Struk
- Department of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Viji Nair
- Michigan Kidney Translational Medical Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Felix Eichinger
- Michigan Kidney Translational Medical Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Michigan Kidney Translational Medical Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Samet Bayraktar
- Department of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Y, Cedervall J, Hamidi A, Herre M, Viitaniemi K, D'Amico G, Miao Z, Unnithan RVM, Vaccaro A, van Hooren L, Georganaki M, Thulin Å, Qiao Q, Andrae J, Siegbahn A, Heldin CH, Alitalo K, Betsholtz C, Dimberg A, Olsson AK. Platelet-Specific PDGFB Ablation Impairs Tumor Vessel Integrity and Promotes Metastasis. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3345-3358. [PMID: 32586981 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) plays a crucial role in recruitment of PDGF receptor β-positive pericytes to blood vessels. The endothelium is an essential source of PDGFB in this process. Platelets constitute a major reservoir of PDGFB and are continuously activated in the tumor microenvironment, exposing tumors to the plethora of growth factors contained in platelet granules. Here, we show that tumor vascular function, as well as pericyte coverage is significantly impaired in mice with conditional knockout of PDGFB in platelets. A lack of PDGFB in platelets led to enhanced hypoxia and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the primary tumors, elevated levels of circulating tumor cells, and increased spontaneous metastasis to the liver or lungs in two mouse models. These findings establish a previously unknown role for platelet-derived PDGFB, whereby it promotes and maintains vascular integrity in the tumor microenvironment by contributing to the recruitment of pericytes. SIGNIFICANCE: Conditional knockout of PDGFB in platelets demonstrates its previously unknown role in the maintenance of tumor vascular integrity and host protection against metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Cedervall
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anahita Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Melanie Herre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kati Viitaniemi
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zuoxiu Miao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ragaseema Valsala Madhavan Unnithan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Biotechnology, Govt. Arts College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Alessandra Vaccaro
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luuk van Hooren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Georganaki
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åsa Thulin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,ICMC (Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre), Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Blickagången 6, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li X, Yang J, Shen M, Xie XL, Liu GJ, Xu YX, Lv FH, Yang H, Yang YL, Liu CB, Zhou P, Wan PC, Zhang YS, Gao L, Yang JQ, Pi WH, Ren YL, Shen ZQ, Wang F, Deng J, Xu SS, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Hehua E, Esmailizadeh A, Dehghani-Qanatqestani M, Štěpánek O, Weimann C, Erhardt G, Amane A, Mwacharo JM, Han JL, Hanotte O, Lenstra JA, Kantanen J, Coltman DW, Kijas JW, Bruford MW, Periasamy K, Wang XH, Li MH. Whole-genome resequencing of wild and domestic sheep identifies genes associated with morphological and agronomic traits. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2815. [PMID: 32499537 PMCID: PMC7272655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic changes underlying phenotypic variation in sheep (Ovis aries) may facilitate our efforts towards further improvement. Here, we report the deep resequencing of 248 sheep including the wild ancestor (O. orientalis), landraces, and improved breeds. We explored the sheep variome and selection signatures. We detected genomic regions harboring genes associated with distinct morphological and agronomic traits, which may be past and potential future targets of domestication, breeding, and selection. Furthermore, we found non-synonymous mutations in a set of plausible candidate genes and significant differences in their allele frequency distributions across breeds. We identified PDGFD as a likely causal gene for fat deposition in the tails of sheep through transcriptome, RT-PCR, qPCR, and Western blot analyses. Our results provide insights into the demographic history of sheep and a valuable genomic resource for future genetic studies and improved genome-assisted breeding of sheep and other domestic animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ji Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Min Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Xing-Long Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang-Jian Liu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ya-Xi Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Feng-Hua Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yong-Lin Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Chang-Bin Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yun-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jing-Quan Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Wen-Hui Pi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yan-Ling Ren
- Shandong Binzhou Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Shen
- Shandong Binzhou Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Song-Song Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hosein Salehian-Dehkordi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Eer Hehua
- Grass-Feeding Livestock Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ali Esmailizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ondřej Štěpánek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Christina Weimann
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg Erhardt
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Agraw Amane
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- LiveGene Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Joram M Mwacharo
- Small Ruminant Genomics, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jian-Lin Han
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Livestock Genetics Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Olivier Hanotte
- LiveGene Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Center for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - Johannes A Lenstra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juha Kantanen
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - David W Coltman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - James W Kijas
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael W Bruford
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
- Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3BA, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Kathiravan Periasamy
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Meng-Hua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Saito Y, Yamaguchi A, Nakamura S, Okuyoshi H, Shimazawa M, Hara H. Contribution of platelet-derived growth factor signaling to retina regeneration in zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2020; 727:134930. [PMID: 32251708 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence indicates that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) contributes to various types of tissue regeneration. However, the effects and mechanisms of PDGF signaling for retina regeneration have not been sufficiently investigated. To clarify this, we investigated the role of PDGF signaling in retina regeneration process after needle puncture in zebrafish. Time-course analysis showed a spike peak of pdgf-a at 6 h after injury and a broad peak of pdgf-b during 6-96 h after injury. Inhibition of PDGF signaling with AG1295 suppressed BrdU-positive proliferative cell numbers at 4 days after injury. At the same time, retina regeneration-associated transcription factors, ascl1a and pax6b, were down-regulated by AG1295 treatment. Intravitreal injection of human recombinant PDGF-AA or -BB into intact zebrafish induced the cell proliferation. PDGF-BB injection induced the Müller glia-derived neurogenic cluster; PDGF-AA increased the 4C4-positive microglia. These findings indicate that PDGF signaling contributes to retina regeneration in zebrafish and causes different types of cell proliferation, depending on each subtype of PDGF. (160 words).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Saito
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okuyoshi
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kardas G, Daszyńska-Kardas A, Marynowski M, Brząkalska O, Kuna P, Panek M. Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) in Asthma as an Immunoregulatory Factor Mediating Airway Remodeling and Possible Pharmacological Target. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:47. [PMID: 32116722 PMCID: PMC7033439 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic and heterogenic disease of the respiratory system, one of the most common lung diseases worldwide. The underlying pathologies, which are chronic inflammatory process and airway remodeling (AR), are mediated by numerous cells and cytokines. Particularly interesting in this field is the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), one of the members of the human growth factor family. In this article, the authors analyze the available data on the role of PDGF in asthma in experimental models and in human research. PDGF is expressed in airway by various cells contributing to asthma pathogenesis—mast cells, eosinophils, and airway epithelial cells. Research confirms the thesis that this factor is also secreted by these cells in the course of asthma. The main effects of PDGF on bronchi are the proliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells, migration of ASM cells into the epithelium and enhanced collagen synthesis by lung fibroblasts. The importance of AR in asthma is well recognized and new therapies should also aim to manage it, possibly targeting PDGFRs. Further studies on new and already existing drugs, mediating the PDGF signaling and related to asthma are necessary. Several promising drugs from the tyrosine kinase inhibitors group, including nilotinib, imatinib masitinib, and sunitinib, are currently being clinically tested and other molecules are likely to emerge in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Kardas
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Mateusz Marynowski
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Oliwia Brząkalska
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Panek
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tsutsui TW. Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 13:33-42. [PMID: 32104005 PMCID: PMC7025818 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s166759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have a high capacity for differentiation and the ability to regenerate a dentin/pulp-like complex. Numerous studies have provided evidence of DPSCs’ differentiation capacity, such as in neurogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and dentinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms and functions of DPSCs’ differentiation process are affected by growth factors and scaffolds. For example, growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), nerve growth factor (NGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) influence DPSC fate, including in differentiation, cell proliferation, and wound healing. In addition, several types of scaffolds, such as collagen, hydrogel, decellularized bioscaffold, and nanofibrous spongy microspheres, have been used to characterize DPSC cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and functions. An appropriate combination of growth factors and scaffolds can enhance the differentiation capacity of DPSCs, in terms of optimizing not only dental-related expression but also dental pulp morphology. For a cell-based clinical approach, focus has been placed on the tissue engineering triad [cells/bioactive molecules (growth factors)/scaffolds] to characterize DPSCs. It is clear that a deep understanding of the mechanisms of stem cells, including their aging, self-renewal, microenvironmental homeostasis, and differentiation correlated with cell activity, the energy for which is provided from mitochondria, should provide new approaches for DPSC research and therapeutics. Mitochondrial functions and dynamics are related to the direction of stem cell differentiation, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial elongation, and mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins. This review summarizes the effects of major growth factors and scaffolds for regenerating dentin/pulp-like complexes, as well as elucidating mitochondrial properties of DPSCs for the development of advanced applications research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeo W Tsutsui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kimura I, Dohgu S, Takata F, Matsumoto J, Watanabe T, Iwao T, Yamauchi A, Kataoka Y. Oligodendrocytes upregulate blood-brain barrier function through mechanisms other than the PDGF-BB/PDGFRα pathway in the barrier-tightening effect of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Neurosci Lett 2019; 715:134594. [PMID: 31678431 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
White matter lesions are associated with impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), an essential component of the cerebrovasculature. The BBB allows the brain to maintain its highly specialized microenvironment by restricting entry of blood-borne substances including molecules that induce myelin damage. Accumulating evidence suggests that interactions between brain endothelial cells and neighboring cells, including oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), are required for the induction and maintenance of BBB function. Here, we compared the ability of OPCs and oligodendrocytes to modulate BBB integrity using co-cultures of rat brain endothelial cells with OPCs or oligodendrocytes. We found that OPCs lowered the brain endothelial permeability to sodium fluorescein, and this enhancement of BBB function was prevented by treatment with AG1296 (a PDGFRα inhibitor). Oligodendrocytes also enhanced BBB integrity. Pharmacological inhibition of PDGFRα did not affect the oligodendrocyte-induced BBB facilitation. These data indicate that oligodendrocytes enhance BBB integrity through pathways other than PDGF-BB/PDGFRα signaling triggered by the brain endothelial cell-derived PDGF-BB. Therefore, our findings suggest that oligodendrocytes constitutively support BBB integrity through soluble factors. Crosstalk between brain endothelial cells and oligodendrocytes could play a facilitatory role in maintaining BBB integrity in the white matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuya Kimura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Takuro Iwao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yasufumi Kataoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bottrell A, Meng YH, Najy AJ, Hurst N, Kim S, Kim CJ, Kim ES, Moon A, Kim EJ, Park SY, Kim HRC. An oncogenic activity of PDGF-C and its splice variant in human breast cancer. Growth Factors 2019; 37:131-145. [PMID: 31542979 PMCID: PMC6872946 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1662415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite strong evidence for the involvement of PDGF signaling in breast cancer, little is known about the PDGF ligand responsible for PDGFR activation during breast cancer progression. Here, we found PDGF-C to be highly expressed in breast carcinoma cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of invasive breast cancer revealed an association between increased PDGF-C expression and lymph node metastases, Ki-67 proliferation index, and poor disease-free survival. We also identified a PDGF-C splice variant encoding truncated PDGF-C (t-PDGF-C) isoform lacking the signal peptide and the N-terminal CUB domain. While t-PDGF C homodimer is retained intracellularly, it can be secreted as a heterodimer with full-length PDGF-C (FL-PDGF-C). PDGF-C downregulation reduced anchorage-independent growth and matrigel invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Conversely, ectopic expression of t-PDGF-C enhanced phenotypic transformation and invasion in BT-549 cells expressing endogenous FL-PDGF-C. The present study provides new insights into the functional significance of PDGF-C and its splice variant in human breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Bottrell
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Yong Hong Meng
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Abdo J. Najy
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Newton Hurst
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
| | - Eun-Sook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea
- Co-corresponding authors: Hyeong-Reh C. Kim: Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Tel: 313-577-2407, Fax: 313-577-0057, , So Yeon Park: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumiro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, South Korea. Tel: 82-31-787-7712, Fax: 82-31-787-4012,
| | - Hyeong-Reh Choi Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201
- Co-corresponding authors: Hyeong-Reh C. Kim: Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Tel: 313-577-2407, Fax: 313-577-0057, , So Yeon Park: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumiro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, South Korea. Tel: 82-31-787-7712, Fax: 82-31-787-4012,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ivey MJ, Kuwabara JT, Riggsbee KL, Tallquist MD. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α is essential for cardiac fibroblast survival. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H330-H344. [PMID: 31125253 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00054.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), a receptor tyrosine kinase required for cardiac fibroblast development, is uniquely expressed by fibroblasts in the adult heart. Despite the consensus that PDGFRα is expressed in adult cardiac fibroblasts, we know little about its function when these cells are at rest. Here, we demonstrate that loss of PDGFRα in cardiac fibroblasts resulted in a rapid reduction of resident fibroblasts. Furthermore, we observe that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling was required for PDGFRα-dependent fibroblast maintenance. Interestingly, this reduced number of fibroblasts was maintained long-term, suggesting that there is no homeostatic mechanism to monitor fibroblast numbers and restore hearts to wild-type levels. Although we did not observe any systolic functional changes in hearts with depleted fibroblasts, the basement membrane and microvasculature of these hearts were perturbed. Through in vitro analyses, we showed that PDGFRα signaling inhibition resulted in an increase in fibroblast cell death, and PDGFRα stimulation led to increased levels of the cell survival factor activating transcription factor 3. Our data reveal a unique role for PDGFRα signaling in fibroblast maintenance and illustrate that a 50% loss in cardiac fibroblasts does not result in lethality.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) is required in developing cardiac fibroblasts, but a functional role in adult, quiescent fibroblasts has not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that PDGFRα signaling is essential for cardiac fibroblast maintenance and that there are no homeostatic mechanisms to regulate fibroblast numbers in the heart. PDGFR signaling is generally considered mitogenic in fibroblasts, but these data suggest that this receptor may direct different cellular processes depending on the cell's maturation and activation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malina J Ivey
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Jill T Kuwabara
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Kara L Riggsbee
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Michelle D Tallquist
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Meng W, Liu S, Li D, Liu Z, Yang H, Sun B, Liu H. Expression of platelet-derived growth factor B is upregulated in patients with thoracic aortic dissection. J Vasc Surg 2019; 68:3S-13S. [PMID: 29685513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a serious condition requiring urgent treatment to avoid catastrophic consequences. The inflammatory response is involved in the occurrence and development of TAD, possibly potentiated by platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs). This study aimed to determine whether expression of PDGF-B (a subunit of PDGF-BB) was increased in TAD patients and to explore the factors responsible for its upregulation and subsequent effects on TAD. METHODS Full-thickness ascending aorta wall specimens from TAD patients (n = 15) and control patients (n = 10) were examined for expression of PDGF-B and its receptor (PDGFRB) and in terms of morphology, inflammation, and fibrosis. Blood samples from TAD and control patients were collected to detect plasma levels of PDGF-BB and soluble elastins. RESULTS Expression levels of PDGF-B, PDGFRB, and collagen I were significantly enhanced in ascending aorta wall specimens from TAD patients compared with controls. Furthermore, soluble elastic fragments and PDGF-BB were significantly increased in plasma from TAD patients compared with controls, and numerous irregular elastic fibers and macrophages were seen in the ascending aorta wall in TAD patients. CONCLUSIONS An increase in elastic fragments in the aorta wall might be responsible for inducing the activation and migration of macrophages to injured sites, leading to elevated expression of PDGF-B, which in turn induces deposition of collagen, disrupts extracellular matrix homeostasis, and increases the stiffness of the aorta wall, resulting in compromised aorta compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shangdian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zonghong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alternative PDGFD rearrangements in dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans without PDGFB fusions. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:1683-1693. [PMID: 29955147 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is underlined by recurrent collagen type I alpha 1 chain-platelet-derived growth factor B chain (COL1A1-PDGFB) fusions but ~ 4% of typical dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans remain negative for this translocation in routine molecular screening. We investigated a series of 21 cases not associated with the pathognomonic COL1A1-PDGFB fusion on routine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing. All cases displayed morphological and clinical features consistent with the diagnosis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. RNA-sequencing analysis was successful in 20 cases. The classical COL1A1-PDGFB fusion was present in 40% of cases (n = 8/20), and subsequently confirmed with a COL1A1 break-apart FISH probe in all but one case (n = 7/8). 55% of cases (n = 11/20) displayed novel PDGFD rearrangements; PDGFD being fused either to the 5' part of COL6A3 (2q37.3) (n = 9/11) or EMILIN2 (18p11) (n = 2/11). All rearrangements led to in-frame fusion transcripts and were confirmed at genomic level by FISH and/or array-comparative genomic hybridization. PDGFD-rearranged dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans presented clinical outcomes similar to typical dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Notably, the two EMILIN2-PDGFD cases displayed fibrosarcomatous transformation and homozygous deletions of CDKN2A at genomic level. We report the first recurrent molecular variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans involving PDGFD, which functionally mimic bona fide COL1A1-PDGFB fusions, leading presumably to a similar autocrine loop-stimulating PDGFRB. This study also emphasizes that COL1A1-PDGFB fusions can be cytogenetically cryptic on FISH testing in a subset of cases, thereby representing a diagnostic pitfall that pathologists should be aware of.
Collapse
|
31
|
Qian C, Wu Z, Ng RCL, Garcia-Barceló MM, Yuan ZW, Wong KKY, Tam PKH, Lui VCH. Conditional deletion of platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfra) in urorectal mesenchyme causes mesenchyme apoptosis and urorectal developmental anomalies in mice. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:1396-1410. [PMID: 30323271 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, urorectal development starts at early embryonic stage, defective urorectal development results in anorectal malformations, which are common congenital developmental defects of the anus and the urethra in newborns. The etiology and embryology of the defects are still largely unknown. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfra) is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase, upon binding to its ligands (Pdgfa-d), mediates intracellular signaling and regulates embryonic development. The expression of Pdgfra is tightly regulated in the developing urorectal mesenchyme, and its dysregulation is associated with urorectal defects in animals with urorectal defects. Knockout of Pdgfra induces early embryo lethality which precludes investigation of Pdgfra in urorectal development. To address the temporal requirement of Pdgfra in urorectal development, we conditionally deleted Pdgfra in Pdgfra-expressing tissues using a tamoxifen inducible Cre-loxP approach in mice, examined the urorectal development in Pdgfra conditional knockout (Pdgfra-cKO) embryos. We showed that conditional deletion of Pdgfra in Pdgfra-expressing tissues at E10-E11 caused cloaca septation defect, anteriorly displaced anus, defective urogenital folds development and abnormal urethra tubularization in both male and female mice. Furthermore, we showed that Pdgfra was required for the survival of urorectal mesenchyme, deletion of Pdgfra caused apoptosis in the peri-cloacal, the peri-urethra and the urorectal septum mesenchyme of Pdgfra-cKO mutants, associated with an induction of p53, Ndrg1 and activation of caspase-3 in Pdgfra-cKO embryos. In conclusion, Pdgfra is required for the development and survival of the urorectal mesenchyme in embryo, dysregulated Pdgfra signaling induced urorectal defects in mice resembling human congenital diseases of anorectal malformations and hypospadias. Perturbation of PDGFRA signaling may contribute to anorectal malformations and hypospadias in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qian
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongluan Wu
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Roy Chun-Laam Ng
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Maria-Mercè Garcia-Barceló
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shengyang, China
| | - Kenneth Kak Yuen Wong
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Paul Kwong Hang Tam
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Chi Hang Lui
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Papadopoulos N, Lennartsson J. The PDGF/PDGFR pathway as a drug target. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 62:75-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
33
|
Hawcutt DB, Francis B, Carr DF, Jorgensen AL, Yin P, Wallin N, O'Hara N, Zhang EJ, Bloch KM, Ganguli A, Thompson B, McEvoy L, Peak M, Crawford AA, Walker BR, Blair JC, Couriel J, Smyth RL, Pirmohamed M. Susceptibility to corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression: a genome-wide association study. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2018; 6:442-450. [PMID: 29551627 PMCID: PMC5971210 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A serious adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy is adrenal suppression. Our aim was to identify genetic variants affecting susceptibility to corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression. METHODS We enrolled children with asthma who used inhaled corticosteroids as part of their treatment from 25 sites across the UK (discovery cohort), as part of the Pharmacogenetics of Adrenal Suppression with Inhaled Steroids (PASS) study. We included two validation cohorts, one comprising children with asthma (PASS study) and the other consisting of adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) who were recruited from two UK centres for the Pharmacogenomics of Adrenal Suppression in COPD (PASIC) study. Participants underwent a low-dose short synacthen test. Adrenal suppression was defined as peak cortisol less than 350 nmol/L (in children) and less than 500 nmol/L (in adults). A case-control genome-wide association study was done with the control subset augmented by Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2) participants. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that fulfilled criteria to be advanced to replication were tested by a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis. This report presents the primary analysis. The PASS study is registered in the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA). The PASS study is complete whereas the PASIC study is ongoing. FINDINGS Between November, 2008, and September, 2011, 499 children were enrolled to the discovery cohort. Between October, 2011, and December, 2012, 81 children were enrolled to the paediatric validation cohort, and from February, 2010, to June, 2015, 78 adults were enrolled to the adult validation cohort. Adrenal suppression was present in 35 (7%) children in the discovery cohort and six (7%) children and 17 (22%) adults in the validation cohorts. In the discovery cohort, 40 SNPs were found to be associated with adrenal suppression (genome-wide significance p<1 × 10-6), including an intronic SNP within the PDGFD gene locus (rs591118; odds ratio [OR] 7·32, 95% CI 3·15-16·99; p=5·8 × 10-8). This finding for rs591118 was validated successfully in both the paediatric asthma (OR 3·86, 95% CI 1·19-12·50; p=0·02) and adult COPD (2·41, 1·10-5·28; p=0·03) cohorts. The proportions of patients with adrenal suppression by rs591118 genotype were six (3%) of 214 patients with the GG genotype, 15 (6%) of 244 with the AG genotype, and 22 (25%) of 87 with the AA genotype. Meta-analysis of the paediatric cohorts (discovery and validation) and all three cohorts showed genome-wide significance of rs591118 (respectively, OR 5·89, 95% CI 2·97-11·68; p=4·3 × 10-9; and 4·05, 2·00-8·21; p=3·5 × 10-10). INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that genetic variation in the PDGFD gene locus increases the risk of adrenal suppression in children and adults who use corticosteroids to treat asthma and COPD, respectively. FUNDING Department of Health Chair in Pharmacogenetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Hawcutt
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ben Francis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel F Carr
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Peng Yin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Naomi Wallin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Natalie O'Hara
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eunice J Zhang
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna M Bloch
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amitava Ganguli
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ben Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurence McEvoy
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew Peak
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew A Crawford
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC Integrated Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Joanne C Blair
- Department of Endocrinology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jonathan Couriel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rosalind L Smyth
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Folestad E, Kunath A, Wågsäter D. PDGF-C and PDGF-D signaling in vascular diseases and animal models. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 62:1-11. [PMID: 29410092 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family are well known to be involved in different pathological conditions. The cellular and molecular mechanisms induced by the PDGF signaling have been well studied. Nevertheless, there is much more to discover about their functions and some important questions to be answered. This review summarizes the known roles of two of the PDGFs, PDGF-C and PDGF-D, in vascular diseases. There are clear implications for these growth factors in several vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and stroke. The PDGF receptors are broadly expressed in the cardiovascular system in cells such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and pericytes. Altered expression of the receptors and the ligands have been found in various cardiovascular diseases and current studies have shown important implications of PDGF-C and PDGF-D signaling in fibrosis, neovascularization, atherosclerosis and restenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Folestad
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Kunath
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dick Wågsäter
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Duran CL, Howell DW, Dave JM, Smith RL, Torrie ME, Essner JJ, Bayless KJ. Molecular Regulation of Sprouting Angiogenesis. Compr Physiol 2017; 8:153-235. [PMID: 29357127 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term angiogenesis arose in the 18th century. Several studies over the next 100 years laid the groundwork for initial studies performed by the Folkman laboratory, which were at first met with some opposition. Once overcome, the angiogenesis field has flourished due to studies on tumor angiogenesis and various developmental models that can be genetically manipulated, including mice and zebrafish. In addition, new discoveries have been aided by the ability to isolate primary endothelial cells, which has allowed dissection of various steps within angiogenesis. This review will summarize the molecular events that control angiogenesis downstream of biochemical factors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and lipids. These and other stimuli have been linked to regulation of junctional molecules and cell surface receptors. In addition, the contribution of cytoskeletal elements and regulatory proteins has revealed an intricate role for mobilization of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments in response to cues that activate the endothelium. Activating stimuli also affect various focal adhesion proteins, scaffold proteins, intracellular kinases, and second messengers. Finally, metalloproteinases, which facilitate matrix degradation and the formation of new blood vessels, are discussed, along with our knowledge of crosstalk between the various subclasses of these molecules throughout the text. Compr Physiol 8:153-235, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille L Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - David W Howell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melanie E Torrie
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Fibrosis is part of a tissue repair response to injury, defined as increased deposition of extracellular matrix. In some instances, fibrosis is beneficial; however, in the majority of diseases fibrosis is detrimental. Virtually all chronic progressive diseases are associated with fibrosis, representing a huge number of patients worldwide. Fibrosis occurs in all organs and tissues, becomes irreversible with time and further drives loss of tissue function. Various cells types initiate and perpetuate pathological fibrosis by paracrine activation of the principal cellular executors of fibrosis, i.e. stromal mesenchymal cells like fibroblasts, pericytes and myofibroblasts. Multiple pathways are involved in fibrosis, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-signaling being one of the central mediators. Stromal mesenchymal cells express both PDGF receptors (PDGFR) α and β, activation of which drives proliferation, migration and production of extracellular matrix, i.e. the principal processes of fibrosis. Here, we review the role of PDGF signaling in organ fibrosis, with particular focus on the more recently described ligands PDGF-C and -D. We discuss the potential challenges, opportunities and open questions in using PDGF as a potential target for anti-fibrotic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany; Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
PDGFs and their receptors are critical regulators of numerous tissues and organs, including the eye. Extensive studies have shown that PDGFs and their receptors play critical roles in many ocular neovascular diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In addition, PDGFs and PDGFRs are also important players in ocular diseases involving the degeneration of retinal neuronal and vascular cells, such as glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa. Due to their critical roles in the pathogenesis of many blinding ocular diseases, the PDGFs and PDGFRs have been considered as important target molecules for the treatment of eye diseases. PDGF-C and PDGF-D are relatively new members of the PDGF family and are potent angiogenic and survival factors. Recent studies have demonstrated their important roles in different types of eye diseases. Thus, modulating PDGF-C and PDGF-D activities may have therapeutic values for the treatment of ocular neovascular and degenerative diseases. This review mainly summarizes the recent advances on PDGF-C and PDGF-D biology in relationship to some major ocular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kanaan R, Strange C. Use of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors to attenuate platelet-derived growth factor signalling in lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:26/146/170061. [PMID: 29070579 PMCID: PMC9488848 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0061-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) play a fundamental role in the embryonic development of the lung. Aberrant PDGF signalling has been documented convincingly in a large variety of pulmonary diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, lung cancer and lung fibrosis. Targeting PDGF signalling has been proven to be effective in these diseases. In clinical practice, the most effective way to block PDGF signalling is to inhibit the activity of the intracellular PDGFR kinases. Although the mechanism of action of such drugs is not specific for PDGF signalling, the medications have a broad therapeutic index that allows clinical use. The safety profile and therapeutic opportunities of these and future medications that target PDGFs and PDGFRs are reviewed. An increasing role for PDGF signalling inhibitors in clinical trials for the treatment of various pulmonary diseaseshttp://ow.ly/buaI30f9HcN
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Kanaan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Charlie Strange
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Platelet-derived growth factor-C and -D in the cardiovascular system and diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 62:12-21. [PMID: 28965749 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cardiovascular system is among the first organs formed during development and is pivotal for the formation and function of the rest of the organs and tissues. Therefore, the function and homeostasis of the cardiovascular system are finely regulated by many important molecules. Extensive studies have shown that platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors are critical regulators of the cardiovascular system. Even though PDGF-C and PDGF-D are relatively new members of the PDGF family, their critical roles in the cardiovascular system as angiogenic and survival factors have been amply demonstrated. Understanding the functions of PDGF-C and PDGF-D and the signaling pathways involved may provide novel insights into both basic biomedical research and new therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
40
|
Stage specific requirement of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α in embryonic development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184473. [PMID: 28934221 PMCID: PMC5608218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) is a cell-surface receptor tyrosine kinase for platelet-derived growth factors. Correct timing and level of Pdgfra expression is crucial for embryo development, and deletion of Pdgfra caused developmental defects of multiple endoderm and mesoderm derived structures, resulting in a complex phenotypes including orofacial cleft, spina bifida, rib deformities, and omphalocele in mice. However, it is not clear if deletion of Pdgfra at different embryonic stages differentially affects these structures. PURPOSE To address the temporal requirement of Pdgfra in embryonic development. METHODS We have deleted the Pdgfra in Pdgfra-expressing tissues at different embryonic stages in mice, examined and quantified the developmental anomalies. RESULTS Current study showed that (i) conditional deletion of Pdgfra at different embryonic days (between E7.5 and E10.5) resulted in orofacial cleft, spina bifida, rib cage deformities, and omphalocele, and (ii) the day of Pdgfra deletion influenced the combinations, incidence and severities of these anomalies. Deletion of Pdgfra caused apoptosis of Pdgfra-expressing tissues, and developmental defects of their derivatives. CONCLUSION Orofacial cleft, spina bifida and omphalocele are among the commonest skeletal and abdominal wall defects of newborns, but their genetic etiologies are largely unknown. The remarkable resemblance of our conditional Pdgfra knockout embryos to theses human congenital anomalies, suggesting that dysregulated PDGFRA expression could cause these anomalies in human. Future work should aim at defining (a) the regulatory elements for the expression of the human PDGFRA during embryonic development, and (b) if mutations / sequence variations of these regulatory elements cause these anomalies.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yan JF, Huang WJ, Zhao JF, Fu HY, Zhang GY, Huang XJ, Lv BD. The platelet-derived growth factor receptor/STAT3 signaling pathway regulates the phenotypic transition of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172191. [PMID: 28245285 PMCID: PMC5330473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common clinical disease that is difficult to treat. We previously found that hypoxia modulates the phenotype of primary corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) in rats, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-related signaling pathways are correlated with cell phenotypic transition, but research has been focused more on vascular smooth muscle and tracheal smooth muscle and less on CCSMCs. Here, we investigated the role of PDGFR-related signaling pathways in penile CCSMCs, which were successfully isolated from rats and cultured in vitro. PDGF-BB at 5, 10, or 20 ng/ml altered CCSMC morphology from the original elongated, spindle shape to a broader shape and promoted the synthetic phenotype and expression of the related proteins vimentin and collagen-I, while inhibiting the contractile phenotype and expression of the related proteins smooth muscle (SM) α-actin (α-SMA) and desmin. Inhibition of PDGFR activity via siRNA or the PDGFR inhibitor crenolanib inhibited vimentin and collagen-I expression, increased α-SMA and desmin expression, and considerably inhibited serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. STAT3 knockdown promoted the contractile phenotype, inhibited vimentin and collagen-I expression, and increased α-SMA and desmin expression, whereas AKT knockdown did not affect phenotype-associated proteins. STAT3 overexpression in CCSMC cells weakened the suppressive effect of PDGFR inhibition on the morphology and phenotypic transformation induced by PDGF-BB. Through activation of the PDGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway, PDGF promoted the synthetic phenotype transition; thus, regulation of this pathway might contribute to ED therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Yan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jie Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ying Fu
- Andrology Laboratory on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao-Yue Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Dong Lv
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Andrology Laboratory on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Siedlecki J, Wertheimer C, Wolf A, Liegl R, Priglinger C, Priglinger S, Eibl-Lindner K. Combined VEGF and PDGF inhibition for neovascular AMD: anti-angiogenic properties of axitinib on human endothelial cells and pericytes in vitro. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2017; 255:963-972. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3595-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
43
|
Muhl L, Folestad EB, Gladh H, Wang Y, Moessinger C, Jakobsson L, Eriksson U. Neuropilin 1 binds platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D and is a co-receptor in PDGF-D/PDGF receptor β signaling. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1365-1378. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D is a PDGF receptor β (PDGFRβ) specific ligand implicated in a number of pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, but its biological function remains incompletely understood.
In this study, we demonstrate that PDGF-D binds directly to NRP1, with the requirement of the C-terminal Arg residue of PDGF-D. Stimulation with PDGF-D, but not PDGF-B, induced PDGFRβ/NRP1 complex formation in fibroblasts. Additionally, PDGF-D induced translocation of NRP1 to cell-cell junctions in endothelial cells, independent of PDGFRβ, altering the availability of NRP1 for VEGF-A/VEGF receptor 2 signaling. PDGF-D showed differential effects on pericyte behavior in ex vivo sprouting assays, compared to PDGF-B. Furthermore, PDGF-D induced PDGFRβ/NRP1 interaction in the trans-configuration between endothelial cells and pericytes.
In summary, we show that NRP1 can act as a co-receptor for PDGF-D in PDGFRβ signaling, possibly implicated in intercellular communication in the vascular wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Muhl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika Bergsten Folestad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Gladh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christine Moessinger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Jakobsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Namba T, Huttner WB. Neural progenitor cells and their role in the development and evolutionary expansion of the neocortex. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 6. [PMID: 27865053 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary expansion of the mammalian brain, notably the neocortex, provides a platform for the higher cognitive abilities that characterize humans. Cortical expansion is accompanied by increased folding of the pial surface, which gives rise to a gyrencephalic (folded) rather than lissencephalic (unfolded) neocortex. This expansion reflects the prolonged and increased proliferation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NPCs). Distinct classes of NPCs can be distinguished based on either cell biological criteria (apical progenitors [APs], basal progenitors [BPs]) or lineage (primary progenitors and secondary progenitors). Cortical expansion in development and evolution is linked to an increased abundance and proliferative capacity of BPs, notably basal radial glial cells, a recently characterized type of secondary progenitor derived from apical radial glial cells, the primary progenitors. To gain insight into the molecular basis underlying the prolonged and increased proliferation of NPCs and in particular BPs, comparative genomic and transcriptomic approaches, mostly for human versus mouse, have been employed and applied to specific NPC types and subpopulations. These have revealed two principal sets of molecular changes. One concerns differences in the expression of common genes between species with different degrees of cortical expansion. The other comprises human-specific genes or genomic regulatory sequences. Various systems that allow functional testing of these genomic and gene expression differences between species have emerged, including transient and stable transgenesis, genome editing, cerebral organoids, and organotypic slice cultures. These provide future avenues for uncovering the molecular basis of cortical expansion. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e256. doi: 10.1002/wdev.256 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Namba
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lewandowski SA, Fredriksson L, Lawrence DA, Eriksson U. Pharmacological targeting of the PDGF-CC signaling pathway for blood-brain barrier restoration in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 167:108-119. [PMID: 27524729 PMCID: PMC5341142 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders account for a majority of non-malignant disability in humans and are often associated with dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent evidence shows that despite apparent variation in the origin of neural damage, the central nervous system has a common injury response mechanism involving platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-CC activation in the neurovascular unit and subsequent dysfunction of BBB integrity. Inhibition of PDGF-CC signaling with imatinib in mice has been shown to prevent BBB dysfunction and have neuroprotective effects in acute damage conditions, including traumatic brain injury, seizures or stroke, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases that develop over time, including multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Stroke and traumatic injuries are major risk factors for age-associated neurodegenerative disorders and we speculate that restoring BBB properties through PDGF-CC inhibition might provide a common therapeutic opportunity for treatment of both acute and progressive neuropathology in humans. In this review we will summarize what is known about the role of PDGF-CC in neurovascular signaling events and the variety of seemingly different neuropathologies it is involved in. We will also discuss the pharmacological means of therapeutic interventions for anti-PDGF-CC therapy and ongoing clinical trials. In summary: inhibition of PDGF-CC signaling can be protective for immediate injury and decrease the long-term neurodegenerative consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Lewandowski
- Tissue Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Linda Fredriksson
- Vascular Biology Groups, Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 7301 Medical Science Research Building III, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0644, USA
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 7301 Medical Science Research Building III, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0644, USA
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Tissue Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Di Pietro M, Scotti L, Irusta G, Tesone M, Parborell F, Abramovich D. Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) improves follicular development and ovarian angiogenesis in a rat model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 433:47-55. [PMID: 27256152 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in ovarian angiogenesis are common features in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients; the most studied of these alterations is the increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by ovarian cells. Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) and D (PDGFD) are decreased in follicular fluid of PCOS patients and in the ovaries of a rat model of PCOS. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the effects of local administration of PDGFB on ovarian angiogenesis, follicular development and ovulation in a DHEA-induced PCOS rat model. Ovarian PDGFB administration to PCOS rats partially restored follicular development, decreased the percentage of cysts, increased the percentage of corpora lutea, and decreased the production of anti-Müllerian hormone. In addition, PDGFB administration improved ovarian angiogenesis by reversing the increase in periendothelial cell area and restoring VEGF levels. Our results shed light into the mechanisms that lead to altered ovarian function in PCOS and provide new data for potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Di Pietro
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leopoldina Scotti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Griselda Irusta
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marta Tesone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Dalhia Abramovich
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Vascular pericytes, an important cellular component in the tumor microenvironment, are often associated with tumor vasculatures, and their functions in cancer invasion and metastasis are poorly understood. Here we show that PDGF-BB induces pericyte-fibroblast transition (PFT), which significantly contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrate that PDGF-BB-PDGFRβ signaling promotes PFT both in vitro and in in vivo tumors. Genome-wide expression analysis indicates that PDGF-BB-activated pericytes acquire mesenchymal progenitor features. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of PDGFRβ ablate the PDGF-BB-induced PFT. Genetic tracing of pericytes with two independent mouse strains, TN-AP-CreERT2:R26R-tdTomato and NG2-CreERT2:R26R-tdTomato, shows that PFT cells gain stromal fibroblast and myofibroblast markers in tumors. Importantly, coimplantation of PFT cells with less-invasive tumor cells in mice markedly promotes tumor dissemination and invasion, leading to an increased number of circulating tumor cells and metastasis. Our findings reveal a mechanism of vascular pericytes in PDGF-BB-promoted cancer invasion and metastasis by inducing PFT, and thus targeting PFT may offer a new treatment option of cancer metastasis.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hara T, Kakudo N, Morimoto N, Ogawa T, Lai F, Kusumoto K. Platelet-rich plasma stimulates human dermal fibroblast proliferation via a Ras-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. J Artif Organs 2016; 19:372-377. [PMID: 27389012 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-016-0913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains a high concentration of several growth factors and contributes to soft-tissue engineering and wound healing. However, the effect of PRP on human dermal fibroblast proliferation and responses is unknown. This was investigated in the present study using PRP prepared from the whole human blood using the double-spin method. Human dermal fibroblast cultures were established from skin samples collected during plastic surgery. Platelet concentration and growth factor levels in PRP were estimated, and a cell proliferation assay was carried out after PRP treatment. The role of Ras-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in the effects of PRP was investigated in human dermal fibroblasts by suppressing ERK1/2 expression with an inhibitor or by short interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown, and assessing ERK1/2 phosphorylation by western blotting as well as proliferation in PRP-treated cells. We found that PRP stimulated human dermal fibroblast proliferation, which was suppressed by ERK1/2 inhibitor treatment (P < 0.01). ERK1/2 phosphorylation was increased in the presence of PRP, while siRNA-mediated knockdown of ERK1/2 blocked cell proliferation normally induced by PRP treatment (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that PRP induces human dermal fibroblast proliferation via activation of ERK1/2 signaling. Our findings provide a basis for the development of agents that can promote wound healing and can be applied to soft-tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Hara
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan. .,Department of Oral Implantology, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0008, Japan.
| | - Natsuko Kakudo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Naoki Morimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ogawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Fangyuan Lai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kenji Kusumoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yang P, Manaenko A, Xu F, Miao L, Wang G, Hu X, Guo ZN, Hu Q, Hartman RE, Pearce WJ, Obenaus A, Zhang JH, Chen G, Tang J. Role of PDGF-D and PDGFR-β in neuroinflammation in experimental ICH mice model. Exp Neurol 2016; 283:157-64. [PMID: 27302678 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiological processes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Post-ICH macrophages infiltrate the brain and release pro-inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α), amplifying microglial activation and neutrophil infiltration. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) is expressed on macrophages and it's activation induces the recruitment of macrophages. Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) is an agonist with a significantly higher affinity to the PDGFR-β compared to another isoform of the receptor. In this study, we investigated the role of PDGF-D in the pro-inflammatory response after ICH in mice. METHODS A blood injection model of ICH was used in eight-week old male CD1 mice (weight 30g). Some mice received an injection of plasmin or PDGF-D. Gleevec, a PDGFR inhibitor, was administered at 1, 3 or 6h post-ICH. Plasmin was administered with or without PDGF-D siRNAs mixture or scramble siRNA. A plasmin-antagonist, ε-Aminocaproic acid (EACA), was co-administrated with the blood. The effects of ICH and treatment on the brain injury and post-ICH inflammation were investigated. RESULTS ICH resulted in the overexpression of PDGF-D, associated with the infiltration of macrophages. PDGFR-inhibition decreased ICH-induced brain injury, attenuating macrophage and neutrophil infiltration, reducing microglial activation and TNF-α production. Administration of recombinant PDGF-D induced TNF-α production, and PDGFR-inhibition attenuated it. A plasmin-antagonist suppressed PDGFR-β activation and microglial activation. Plasmin increased PDGF-D expression, and PDGF-D inhibition reduced neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSION ICH-induced PDGF-D accumulation contributed to post-ICH inflammation via PDGFR activation and enhanced macrophage infiltration. The inhibition of PDGFR had an anti-inflammatory effect. Plasmin is a possible upstream effector of PDGF-D. The targeting of PDGF-D may provide a novel way to decrease brain injury after ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Departments of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liyan Miao
- Departments of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Gaiqing Wang
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xuezhen Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin, China.
| | - Qin Hu
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Richard E Hartman
- Departments of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - William J Pearce
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Departments of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - John H Zhang
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Departments of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Gang Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiping Tang
- Departments of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wei C, Wang H, Liu G, Zhao F, Kijas JW, Ma Y, Lu J, Zhang L, Cao J, Wu M, Wang G, Liu R, Liu Z, Zhang S, Liu C, Du L. Genome-wide analysis reveals adaptation to high altitudes in Tibetan sheep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26770. [PMID: 27230812 PMCID: PMC4882523 DOI: 10.1038/srep26770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tibetan sheep have lived on the Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years; however, the process and consequences of adaptation to this extreme environment have not been elucidated for important livestock such as sheep. Here, seven sheep breeds, representing both highland and lowland breeds from different areas of China, were genotyped for a genome-wide collection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The FST and XP-EHH approaches were used to identify regions harbouring local positive selection between these highland and lowland breeds, and 236 genes were identified. We detected selection events spanning genes involved in angiogenesis, energy production and erythropoiesis. In particular, several candidate genes were associated with high-altitude hypoxia, including EPAS1, CRYAA, LONP1, NF1, DPP4, SOD1, PPARG and SOCS2. EPAS1 plays a crucial role in hypoxia adaption; therefore, we investigated the exon sequences of EPAS1 and identified 12 mutations. Analysis of the relationship between blood-related phenotypes and EPAS1 genotypes in additional highland sheep revealed that a homozygous mutation at a relatively conserved site in the EPAS1 3' untranslated region was associated with increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume. Taken together, our results provide evidence of the genetic diversity of highland sheep and indicate potential high-altitude hypoxia adaptation mechanisms, including the role of EPAS1 in adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wei
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihua Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of apicultural research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxue Cao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangkai Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizao Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chousheng Liu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Du
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|