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Zhao X, Wu S, Yun Y, Du Z, Liu S, Bo C, Gao Y, Yang L, Song L, Bai C, Su G, Li G. Integrating Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics to Investigate the Mechanism of Fetal Placental Overgrowth in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9388. [PMID: 39273344 PMCID: PMC11395630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A major factor limiting the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology is the low success rate of pregnancy, mainly due to placental abnormalities disrupting the maternal-fetal balance during pregnancy. Although there has been some progress in research on the abnormal enlargement of cloned bovine placenta, there are still few reports on the direct regulatory mechanisms of enlarged cloned bovine placenta tissue. In this study, we conducted sequencing and analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics of placental tissues from SCNT cattle (n = 3) and control (CON) cattle (n = 3). The omics analysis results indicate abnormalities in biological functions such as protein digestion and absorption, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the regulation of lipid breakdown, as well as glycerolipid metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism in the placenta of SCNT cattle. Integrating these analyses highlights critical metabolic pathways affecting SCNT cattle placenta, including choline metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. These findings suggest that aberrant expressions of genes, proteins, and metabolites in SCNT placentas affect key pathways in protein digestion, growth hormone function, and energy metabolism. Our results suggest that abnormal protein synthesis, growth hormone function, and energy metabolism in SCNT bovine placental tissues contribute to placental hypertrophy. These findings offer valuable insights for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying SCNT bovine placental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yuan Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Zhiwen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chunjie Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yuxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Lishuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chunling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Guanghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot 010070, China
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Sun L, Lin T, Lee JE, Kim SY, Bai Y, Jin DI. Lysophosphatidic acid improves development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:726-739. [PMID: 39165747 PMCID: PMC11331365 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate whether lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) could improve the development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Porcine SCNT-derived embryos were cultured in chemically defined polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based porcine zygote medium (PZM)-4 without or with LPA, and the development, cell proliferation potential, apoptosis, and expression levels of pluripotent markers were evaluated. LPA significantly increased the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation compared to those seen in the LPA un-treatment (control) group. The expression levels of embryonic development-related genes (IGF2R, PCNA and CDH1) were higher (p < 0.05) in the LPA treatment group than in the control group. LPA significantly increased the numbers of total, inner cell mass and EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine)-positive cells in porcine SCNT blastocysts compared to those seen in the control group. TUNEL assay showed that LPA significantly reduced the apoptosis rate in porcine SCNT-derived embryos; this was confirmed by decreases (p < 0.05) in the expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes, BAX and CASP3, and an increase (p < 0.05) in the expression level of the anti-apoptotic gene, BCL2L1. In addition, LPA significantly increased Oct4 expression at the gene and protein levels. Together, our data suggest that LPA improves the quality and development of porcine SCNT-derived embryos by reducing apoptosis and enhancing cell proliferation and pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Food
Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038,
China
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Tao Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Food
Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038,
China
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Life Sciences and Food
Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038,
China
| | - Dong Il Jin
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Zhao X, Du M, Wu S, Du Z, Liu S, Yang L, Ma H, Zhang L, Song L, Bai C, Su G, Li G. High histone crotonylation modification in bovine fibroblasts promotes cell proliferation and the developmental efficiency of preimplantation nuclear transfer embryos. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10295. [PMID: 38704415 PMCID: PMC11069573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a recently discovered histone acylation modification that is closely associated with gene expression, cell proliferation, and the maintenance of stem cell pluripotency and indicates the transcriptional activity of genes and the regulation of various biological processes. During cell culture, the introduction of exogenous croconic acid disodium salt (Nacr) has been shown to modulate intracellular Kcr levels. Although research on Kcr has increased, its role in cell growth and proliferation and its potential regulatory mechanisms remain unclear compared to those of histone methylation and acetylation. Our investigation demonstrated that the addition of 5 mM Nacr to cultured bovine fibroblasts increased the expression of genes associated with Kcr modification, ultimately promoting cell growth and stimulating cell proliferation. Somatic cell nuclear transfer of donor cells cultured in 5 mM Nacr resulted in 38.1% blastocyst development, which was significantly greater than that in the control group (25.2%). This research is important for elucidating the crotonylation modification mechanism in fibroblast proliferation to promote the efficacy of somatic cell nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Mengxin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhiwen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Haoran Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Ulanqab Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Ulanqab Animal Husbandry Workstation, Ulanqab, 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lishuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Chunling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Guanghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Guangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China.
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Ji K, Park K, Kim D, Kim E, Kil T, Kim M. Accomplishment of canine cloning through in vitro matured oocytes: a pioneering milestone. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:577-586. [PMID: 38975582 PMCID: PMC11222123 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The in vitro maturation (IVM) rate of canine oocytes remains low compared to other mammals due to their unique reproductive characteristics. This study aimed to explore the effect of hormone supplementation during the IVM of canine immature oocytes on nuclear maturation and subsequently assess its potential application in canine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Immature oocytes were collected and cultured in an IVM medium supplemented with hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and progesterone [P4]) or without hormones (control) for 24 hours. The maturation rates of oocytes in the hormone-treated group (94.92 ± 3.15%) were significantly higher than those in the control group (61.01 ± 4.23%). Both in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes underwent NT to evaluate their utility, and the fusion rates were higher in the in vitro matured group than those in the vivo matured group, not significant between in vivo and in vitro matured group (73.28% and 82.35%, respectively). As a result, 14 fused embryos from the in vitro matured group were transferred into two surrogates, with one surrogate achieving a successful pregnancy and delivering four puppies. Whereas in the in vivo matured group, 85 fused embryos were transferred to 8 surrogate mothers, leading to three surrogates becoming pregnant and delivering one, four, and two puppies. The pregnancy rates were not significant between both groups (50% and 37.50%), but the number of offspring exhibited a significant difference (28.57% and 8.23%). In conclusion, we achieved a remarkable milestone by successfully producing cloned puppies using in vitro matured oocytes, underscoring the feasibility of canine cloning from in vitro recovered oocytes. It is important to note that this study focused only on immature oocytes after ovulation and only during the estrus stage. Further research targeting other stages of the estrous cycle could potentially enhance canine cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukbin Ji
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Dongern Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Taeyoung Kil
- Department of Social Welfare, Joongbu University, Geumsan 32713, Korea
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- MK Biotech Co., LTD., Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Liao Z, Zhang J, Sun S, Li Y, Xu Y, Li C, Cao J, Nie Y, Niu Z, Liu J, Lu F, Liu Z, Sun Q. Reprogramming mechanism dissection and trophoblast replacement application in monkey somatic cell nuclear transfer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5. [PMID: 38228612 PMCID: PMC10791636 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) successfully clones cynomolgus monkeys, but the efficiency remains low due to a limited understanding of the reprogramming mechanism. Notably, no rhesus monkey has been cloned through SCNT so far. Our study conducts a comparative analysis of multi-omics datasets, comparing embryos resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with those from SCNT. Our findings reveal a widespread decrease in DNA methylation and the loss of imprinting in maternally imprinted genes within SCNT monkey blastocysts. This loss of imprinting persists in SCNT embryos cultured in-vitro until E17 and in full-term SCNT placentas. Additionally, histological examination of SCNT placentas shows noticeable hyperplasia and calcification. To address these defects, we develop a trophoblast replacement method, ultimately leading to the successful cloning of a healthy male rhesus monkey. These discoveries provide valuable insights into the reprogramming mechanism of monkey SCNT and introduce a promising strategy for primate cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhuo Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yanhong Nie
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhuoyue Niu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Falong Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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Moon J, Kim SJ, Lee J, Kang H, Cho B, Kim SJ. Reproductive ability of minipigs as surrogates for somatic cell nuclear transfer. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:156-166. [PMID: 38618033 PMCID: PMC11007462 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Pigs are genetically, anatomically, and physiologically similar to humans. Recently, pigs are in the spotlight as a suitable source animal for xenotransplantation. However, to use pigs as source animals, pigs should be raised in designated pathogen-free facilities. There is abundant data from embryo transfer (ET) experiments using farm pigs as surrogates, but data on ET experiments using minipigs are scarce. Eighty minipigs were used for ET experiments and after transplantation, the implantation and delivery rates were investigated. It was also confirmed whether the pregnancy rate could be increased by changing the condition or surgical method of the surrogate. In the case of minipigs that gave birth, the size of the fetal sac on the 28th day of ET was also measured. The factors that can affect the pregnancy rate such as estrus synchronization program, ovulation status at the time of ET, the number of repeated ET surgeries, and the ET sites, were changed, and the differences on the pregnancy rate were observed. However there were no significant differences in pregnancy rate in minipigs. The diameter of the implanted fetal sac on the 28th day after ET in the minipigs whose delivery was confirmed was calculated to be 4.7 ± 0.5 cm. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in pregnancy rate of minipigs in the comparative experiment on various factors affecting the pregnancy rate. However, additional experiments and analyses are needed due to the large individual differences of the minipigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- GenNBio Co., Ltd.,
Pyeongtaek 17796, Korea
| | | | | | - Bumrae Cho
- GenNBio Co., Ltd.,
Pyeongtaek 17796, Korea
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Hossein MS, Son YB, Jeong YW, Jeong YI, Kang MN, Choi EJ, Park KB, Bae YR, Kim DY, Hwang WS. Production of transgenic first filial puppies expressing mutated human amyloid precursor protein gene. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1227202. [PMID: 37964915 PMCID: PMC10642565 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1227202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Propagation of transgenic animals by germline transmission using assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) is the most efficient way to produce transgenic colonies for biomedical research. The objective of this study was to generate transgenic puppies from a founder dog expressing the mutated human amyloid precursor protein (mhAPP) gene. Experiment I assessed the characteristics of the semen prepared by freshly diluted, swim-up, and Percoll gradient methods using a computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA). Motile and progressively motile sperm counts were higher in the Percoll gradient samples (p < 0.05) than in the swim-up and freshly diluted samples. In Experiment II, a total of 59, 70, and 65 presumptive zygotes produced by fresh, Percoll gradient, and swim-up methods, respectively, were transferred to surrogates (5 for each group); the Percoll gradient (27.27%) and swim-up samples (14.29%) showed the highest blastocyst formation rates, while fresh diluted semen did not produce any blastocyst. Experiment III examined the full-term developmental ability of embryos. Among the 5 surrogates in the Percoll gradient group, one (20.0%) became pregnant; it had 4 (6.15%) sacs and delivered 4 (6.15%; 2 males and 2 females) live puppies. Among the 4 puppies, 2 (50.0%) were found to transmit the transgene on their nail and toe under GFP fluorescence. Furthermore, the integration and expression of the mhAPP transgene were examined in the umbilical cords of all the IVF-derived puppies, and the presence of the transgene was only observed in the GFP-positive puppies. Thus, semen prepared by the Percoll method could generate transgenic puppies by male germline transmission using the IVF technique. Our result will help propagate transgenic dogs efficiently, which will foster human biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Bum Son
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Woo Jeong
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Companion Animal and Animal Resources Science, Joongbu University, Geumsan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ik Jeong
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mi Na Kang
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eun Ji Choi
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kang Bae Park
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yu Ra Bae
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dae Young Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- UAE Biotech Research Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
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Watanabe N, Hirose M, Hasegawa A, Mochida K, Ogura A, Inoue K. Derivation of embryonic stem cells from wild-derived mouse strains by nuclear transfer using peripheral blood cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11175. [PMID: 37430017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-derived mouse strains have been extensively used in biomedical research because of the high level of inter-strain polymorphisms and phenotypic variations. However, they often show poor reproductive performance and are difficult to maintain by conventional in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. In this study, we examined the technical feasibility of derivation of nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (ntESCs) from wild-derived mouse strains for their safe genetic preservation. We used leukocytes collected from peripheral blood as nuclear donors without sacrificing them. We successfully established 24 ntESC lines from two wild-derived strains of CAST/Ei and CASP/1Nga (11 and 13 lines, respectively), both belonging to Mus musculus castaneus, a subspecies of laboratory mouse. Most (23/24) of these lines had normal karyotype, and all lines examined showed teratoma formation ability (4 lines) and pluripotent marker gene expression (8 lines). Two male lines examined (one from each strain) were proven to be competent to produce chimeric mice following injection into host embryos. By natural mating of these chimeric mice, the CAST/Ei male line was confirmed to have germline transmission ability. Our results demonstrate that inter-subspecific ntESCs derived from peripheral leukocytes could provide an alternative strategy for preserving invaluable genetic resources of wild-derived mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Watanabe
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Michiko Hirose
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hasegawa
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiji Mochida
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuo Ogura
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Kimiko Inoue
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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9
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Lee S, No JG, Choi BH, Kim DK, Hyung N, Park J, Choi MK, Yeom DH, Ji J, Kim DH, Yoo JG. Application of Enzyme-Linked Fluorescence Assay (ELFA) to Obtain In Vivo Matured Dog Oocytes through the Assessment of Progesterone Level. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1885. [PMID: 37889804 PMCID: PMC10251998 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful dog cloning requires a sufficient number of in vivo matured oocytes as recipient oocytes for reconstructing embryos. The accurate prediction of the ovulation day in estrus bitches is critical for collecting mature oocytes. Traditionally, a specific serum progesterone (P4) range in the radioimmunoassay (RIA) system has been used for the prediction of ovulation. In this study, we investigated the use of an enzyme-linked fluorescence assay (ELFA) system for the measurement of P4. Serum samples of estrus bitches were analyzed using both RIA and ELFA, and the measured P4 values of ELFA were sorted into 11 groups based on the standard concentration measured in RIA and compared. In addition, to examine the tendency of changes in the P4 values in each system, the P4 values on ovulation day (from D - 6 to D + 1) in both systems were compared. The ELFA range of 5.0-12.0 ng/mL was derived from the RIA standard range of 4.0-8.0 ng/mL. The rates of acquired matured oocytes in RIA and ELFA were 55.47% and 65.19%, respectively. The ELFA system successfully produced cloned puppies after the transfer of the reconstructed cloned oocytes. Our findings suggest that the ELFA system is suitable for obtaining in vivo matured oocytes for dog cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Jin-Gu No
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 224, Deogyuwolseong-ro, Hamyang-gun 50000, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.C.); (D.-K.K.)
| | - Dong-Kyo Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 224, Deogyuwolseong-ro, Hamyang-gun 50000, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.C.); (D.-K.K.)
| | - Namwoong Hyung
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - JongJu Park
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Mi-Kyoung Choi
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Dong-Hyeon Yeom
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Juyoung Ji
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Jae Gyu Yoo
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-G.N.); (N.H.); (J.P.); (M.-K.C.); (D.-H.Y.); (J.J.); (D.-H.K.)
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10
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Ahn N, Park J, Roh S. Use of laboratory animals and issues regarding the procurement of animals for research in Korea. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:10. [PMID: 37259162 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory animals remain critical to biomedical research, despite the increasing availability of alternative approaches. Indeed, scientists strive to reduce and refine and replace the use of laboratory animals, even in the face of public calls for ever-more stringent regulation for the protection and care of animals in research. This report outlines the current status and legal regulatory issues with regard to the procurement and use of animals for research in Korea. RESULTS The number of animals used for education and research purposes was increased nationwide, from 2.5 to 4.9 million in 2015 and 2021, respectively. When compared with figures from the UK, institutions in Korea were found to use more mammals such as mice and dogs. In our research, we identified three major issues concerning recent animal supply in Korea, particularly: (1) Purchase of dogs from unregistered animal supplier for a dog cloning project; (2) Purchase of dogs from an unclear source for veterinary education and training; (3) Illegal cat experiments using cats obtained from unauthorized routes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the notion that alternatives to laboratory animal research should be implemented. We conclude that improvements in the regulations and guidelines for animal suppliers, together with the recent introduction of legislation will improve animal safety and wellbeing of animals in laboratory research in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ahn
- Department of Pet Health, Kwangju Women's University, Gwangju, 62396, Korea
| | - Jaehak Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sangho Roh
- School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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11
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Li Z, Li Y, Zhang Q, Ge W, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Hu J, Yuan L, Zhang W. Establishment of Bactrian Camel Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Prediction of Their Unique Pluripotency Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031917. [PMID: 36768240 PMCID: PMC9916525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into all types of cells and can be used in livestock for research on biological development, genetic breeding, and in vitro genetic resource conservation. The Bactrian camel is a large domestic animal that inhabits extreme environments and holds value in the treatment of various diseases and the development of the local economy. Therefore, we transferred four mouse genes (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) into Bactrian camel fetal fibroblasts (BCFFs) using retroviruses with a large host range to obtain Bactrian camel induced pluripotent stem cells (bciPSCs). They were comprehensively identified based on cell morphology, pluripotency gene and marker expression, chromosome number, transcriptome sequencing, and differentiation potential. The results showed the pluripotency of bciPSCs. However, unlike stem cells of other species, late formation of stem cell clones was observed; moreover, the immunofluorescence of SSEA1, SSEA3, and SSEA4 were positive, and teratoma formation took four months. These findings may be related to the extremely long gestation period and species specificity of Bactrian camels. By mining RNA sequence data, 85 potential unique pluripotent genes of Bactrian camels were predicted, which could be used as candidate genes for the production of bciPSC in the future. Among them, ASF1B, DTL, CDCA5, PROM1, CYTL1, NUP210, Epha3, and SYT13 are more attractive. In conclusion, we generated bciPSCs for the first time and obtained their transcriptome information, expanding the iPSC genetic information database and exploring the applicability of iPSCs in livestock. Our results can provide an experimental basis for Bactrian camel ESC establishment, developmental research, and genetic resource conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshuai Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yina Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiran Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wenbo Ge
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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12
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Olsson PO, Yeonwoo J, Park K, Yoo YM, Hwang WS. Live births from urine derived cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278607. [PMID: 36696395 PMCID: PMC9876353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report urine-derived cell (UDC) culture and subsequent use for cloning which resulted in the successful development of cloned canine pups, which have remained healthy into adulthood. Bovine UDCs were used in vitro to establish comparative differences between cell sources. UDCs were chosen as a readily available and noninvasive source for obtaining cells. We analyzed the viability of cells stored in urine over time and could consistently culture cells which had remained in urine for 48hrs. Cells were shown to be viable and capable of being transfected with plasmids. Although primarily of epithelial origin, cells were found from multiple lineages, indicating that they enter the urine from more than one source. Held in urine, at 4°C, the majority of cells maintained their membrane integrity for several days. When compared to in vitro fertilization (IVF) derived embryos or those from traditional SCNT, UDC derived embryos did not differ in total cell number or in the number of DNA breaks, measured by TUNEL stain. These results indicate that viable cells can be obtained from multiple species' urine, capable of being used to produce live offspring at a comparable rate to other cell sources, evidenced by a 25% pregnancy rate and 2 live births with no losses in the canine UDC cloning trial. This represents a noninvasive means to recover the breeding capacity of genetically important or infertile animals. Obtaining cells in this way may provide source material for human and animal studies where cells are utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyumi Park
- Department of Companion Animal & Animal Resources Science, Joongbu University, Geumsan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Lab of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - W. S. Hwang
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- * E-mail:
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13
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Moura MT. Cloning by SCNT: Integrating Technical and Biology-Driven Advances. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:1-35. [PMID: 37041327 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) into enucleated oocytes initiates nuclear reprogramming of lineage-committed cells to totipotency. Pioneer SCNT work culminated with cloned amphibians from tadpoles, while technical and biology-driven advances led to cloned mammals from adult animals. Cloning technology has been addressing fundamental questions in biology, propagating desired genomes, and contributing to the generation of transgenic animals or patient-specific stem cells. Nonetheless, SCNT remains technically complex and cloning efficiency relatively low. Genome-wide technologies revealed barriers to nuclear reprogramming, such as persistent epigenetic marks of somatic origin and reprogramming resistant regions of the genome. To decipher the rare reprogramming events that are compatible with full-term cloned development, it will likely require technical advances for large-scale production of SCNT embryos alongside extensive profiling by single-cell multi-omics. Altogether, cloning by SCNT remains a versatile technology, while further advances should continuously refresh the excitement of its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Tigre Moura
- Chemical Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, Diadema - SP, Brazil
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14
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Montoliu L. Transgenesis and Genome Engineering: A Historical Review. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2631:1-32. [PMID: 36995662 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2990-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to modify DNA molecules and to introduce them into mammalian cells or embryos almost appears in parallel, starting from the 1970s of the last century. Genetic engineering techniques rapidly developed between 1970 and 1980. In contrast, robust procedures to microinject or introduce DNA constructs into individuals did not take off until 1980 and evolved during the following two decades. For some years, it was only possible to add transgenes, de novo, of different formats, including artificial chromosomes, in a variety of vertebrate species or to introduce specific mutations essentially in mice, thanks to the gene-targeting methods by homologous recombination approaches using mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Eventually, genome-editing tools brought the possibility to add or inactivate DNA sequences, at specific sites, at will, irrespective of the animal species involved. Together with a variety of additional techniques, this chapter will summarize the milestones in the transgenesis and genome engineering fields from the 1970s to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Montoliu
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Shi X, Zhu S, Liu M, Stone SS, Rong Y, Mao K, Xu X, Ma C, Jiang Z, Zha Y, Yan C, Yu X, Wu D, Liu G, Mi J, Zhao J, Li Y, Ding Y, Wang X, Zhang YB, Ji X. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals a Population of Smooth Muscle Cells Responsible for Atherogenesis. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1939-1953. [PMID: 36465170 PMCID: PMC9662277 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regional propensity differences of atherosclerosis (AS) development is hindered by the lack of animal models suitable for the study of the disease process. In this paper, we used 3S-ASCVD dogs, an ideal large animal human-like models for AS, to interrogate the heterogeneity of AS-prone and AS-resistant arteries; and at the single-cell level, identify the dominant cells involved in AS development. Here we present data from 3S-ASCVD dogs which reliably mimic human AS pathophysiology, predilection for lesion sites, and endpoint events. Our analysis combined bulk RNA-seq with single-cell RNA-seq to depict the transcriptomic profiles and cellular atlas of AS-prone and AS-resistant arteries in 3S-ASCVD dogs. Our results revealed the integral role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in regional propensity for AS. Notably, TNC+ SMCs were major contributors to AS development in 3S-ASCVD dogs, indicating enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling and transition to myofibroblasts during the AS process. Moreover, TNC+ SMCs were also present in human AS-prone carotid plaques, suggesting a potential origin of myofibroblasts and supporting the relevance of our findings. Our study provides a promising large animal model for pre-clinical studies of ASCVD and add novel insights surrounding the regional propensity of AS development in humans, which may lead to interventions that delay or prevent lesion progression and adverse clinical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Shi
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shangming Zhu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Meijing Liu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Sara Saymuah Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Yao Rong
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ke Mao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhuoyuan Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Zha
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chun Yan
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaofan Yu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jidong Mi
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Biao Zhang
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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16
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iPSCs in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Unique Platform for Clinical Research and Personalized Medicine. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091485. [PMID: 36143270 PMCID: PMC9500601 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, several animal disease models were developed to study the molecular mechanism of neurological diseases and discover new therapies, but the lack of equivalent animal models has minimized the success rate. A number of critical issues remain unresolved, such as high costs for developing animal models, ethical issues, and lack of resemblance with human disease. Due to poor initial screening and assessment of the molecules, more than 90% of drugs fail during the final step of the human clinical trial. To overcome these limitations, a new approach has been developed based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The discovery of iPSCs has provided a new roadmap for clinical translation research and regeneration therapy. In this article, we discuss the potential role of patient-derived iPSCs in neurological diseases and their contribution to scientific and clinical research for developing disease models and for developing a roadmap for future medicine. The contribution of humaniPSCs in the most common neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, diabetic neuropathy, stroke, and spinal cord injury) were examined and ranked as per their published literature on PUBMED. We have observed that Parkinson’s disease scored highest, followed by Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, we also explored recent advancements in the field of personalized medicine, such as the patient-on-a-chip concept, where iPSCs can be grown on 3D matrices inside microfluidic devices to create an in vitro disease model for personalized medicine.
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17
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Malin K, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Papis K. The many problems of somatic cell nuclear transfer in reproductive cloning of mammals. Theriogenology 2022; 189:246-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Li Y, Sun Q. Epigenetic manipulation to improve mouse SCNT embryonic development. Front Genet 2022; 13:932867. [PMID: 36110221 PMCID: PMC9468881 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.932867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cloned mammals can be achieved through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which involves reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells into a totipotent state. However, low cloning efficiency hampers its application severely. Cloned embryos have the same DNA as donor somatic cells. Therefore, incomplete epigenetic reprogramming accounts for low development of cloned embryos. In this review, we describe recent epigenetic barriers in SCNT embryos and strategies to correct these epigenetic defects and avoid the occurrence of abnormalities in cloned animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Sun,
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19
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Kim DE, Lee JH, Ji KB, Park KS, Kil TY, Koo O, Kim MK. Generation of genome-edited dogs by somatic cell nuclear transfer. BMC Biotechnol 2022; 22:19. [PMID: 35831828 PMCID: PMC9281017 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-022-00749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine cloning technology based on somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) combined with genome-editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 can be used to correct pathogenic mutations in purebred dogs or to generate animal models of disease. Results We constructed a CRISPR-Cas9 vector targeting canine DJ-1. Genome-edited canine fibroblasts were established using vector transfection and antibiotic selection. We performed canine SCNT using genome-edited fibroblasts and successfully generated two genome-edited dogs. Both genome-edited dogs had insertion-deletion mutations at the target locus, and DJ-1 expression was either downregulated or completely repressed. Conclusion SCNT successfully produced genome-edited dogs by using the CRISPR-Cas9 system for the first time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-022-00749-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ern Kim
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Kuk-Bin Ji
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | | | - Tae-Young Kil
- Department of Social Welfare, Joongbu University, Geumsan, 32713, Korea
| | | | - Min-Kyu Kim
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea. .,MK biotech Inc., Daejeon, 34134, Korea.
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20
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Olsson PO, Jeong YW, Jeong Y, Kang M, Park GB, Choi E, Kim S, Hossein MS, Son YB, Hwang WS. Insights from one thousand cloned dogs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11209. [PMID: 35778582 PMCID: PMC9249891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal cloning has been popularized for more than two decades, since the birth of Dolly the Sheep 25 years ago in 1996. There has been an apparent waning of interest in cloning, evident by a reduced number of reports. Over 1500 dogs, representing approximately 20% of the American Kennel Club’s recognized breeds, have now been cloned, making the dog (Canis familiaris) one of the most successfully cloned mammals. Dogs have a unique relationship with humans, dating to prehistory, and a high degree of genome homology to humans. A number of phenotypic variations, rarely recorded in natural reproduction have been observed in in these more than 1000 clones. These observations differ between donors and their clones, and between clones from the same donor, indicating a non-genetic effect. These differences cannot be fully explained by current understandings but point to epigenetic and cellular reprograming effects of somatic cell nuclear transfer. Notably, some phenotypic variations have been reversed through further cloning. Here we summarize these observations and elaborate on the cloning procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Olof Olsson
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Yeon Woo Jeong
- Department of Companion Animal and Animal Resources Science, Joongbu University, Geumsan-gun, 32713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonik Jeong
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Mina Kang
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Gang Bae Park
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Eunji Choi
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sun Kim
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Young-Bum Son
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Lane 2128 Al Wathba, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAE. .,North Eastern Federal University, Republic of Sakha, Yakutia, Russia.
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21
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Gambini A, Briski O, Canel NG. State of the art of nuclear transfer technologies for assisting mammalian reproduction. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:230-242. [PMID: 35642677 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The transfer of nuclear genomic DNA from a cell to a previously enucleated oocyte or zygote constitutes one of the main tools for studying epigenetic reprogramming, nucleus-cytoplasm compatibility, pluripotency state, and for genetic preservation or edition in animals. More than 50 years ago, the first experiences in nuclear transfer began to reveal that factors stored in the cytoplasm of oocytes could reprogram the nucleus of another cell and support the development of an embryo with new genetic information. Furthermore, when the nuclear donor cell is an oocyte, egg, or a zygote, the implementation of these technologies acquires clinical relevance for patients with repeated failures in ART associated with poor oocyte quality or mitochondrial dysfunctions. This review describes the current state, scope, and future perspectives of nuclear transfer techniques currently available for assisting mammal reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Gambini
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Olinda Briski
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Gabriela Canel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín," Instituto Universitario de Fertilidad y Reproducción Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Hou Y, Zhang X, Sun X, Qin Q, Chen D, Jia M, Chen Y. Genetically modified rabbit models for cardiovascular medicine. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 922:174890. [PMID: 35300995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Genetically modified (GM) rabbits are outstanding animal models for studying human genetic and acquired diseases. As such, GM rabbits that express human genes have been extensively used as models of cardiovascular disease. Rabbits are genetically modified via prokaryotic microinjection. Through this process, genes are randomly integrated into the rabbit genome. Moreover, gene targeting in embryonic stem (ES) cells is a powerful tool for understanding gene function. However, rabbits lack stable ES cell lines. Therefore, ES-dependent gene targeting is not possible in rabbits. Nevertheless, the RNA interference technique is rapidly becoming a useful experimental tool that enables researchers to knock down specific gene expression, which leads to the genetic modification of rabbits. Recently, with the emergence of new genetic technology, such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), major breakthroughs have been made in rabbit gene targeting. Using these novel genetic techniques, researchers have successfully modified knockout (KO) rabbit models. In this paper, we aimed to review the recent advances in GM technology in rabbits and highlight their application as models for cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Qiaohong Qin
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Di Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Min Jia
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
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23
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Liu Y, Cui M, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Sun M, Zhao X. Oocyte Penetration Speed Optimization Based on Intracellular Strain. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:309. [PMID: 35208433 PMCID: PMC8875814 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oocyte penetration is an essential step for many biological technologies, such as animal cloning, embryo microinjection, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Although the success rate of robotic cell penetration is very high now, the development potential of oocytes after penetration has not been significantly improved compared with manual operation. In this paper, we optimized the oocyte penetration speed based on the intracellular strain. We firstly analyzed the intracellular strain at different penetration speeds and performed the penetration experiments on porcine oocytes. Secondly, we studied the cell development potential after penetration at different penetration speeds. The statistical results showed that the percentage of large intracellular strain decreased by 80% and the maximum and average intracellular strain decreased by 25-38% at the penetration speed of 50 μm/s compared to at 10 μm/s. Experiment results showed that the cleavage rates of the oocytes after penetration increased from 65.56% to 86.36%, as the penetration speed increased from 10 to 50 μm/s. Finally, we verified the gene expression of oocytes after penetration at different speeds. The experimental results showed that the totipotency and antiapoptotic genes of oocytes were significantly higher after penetration at the speed of 50 μm/s, which verified the effectiveness of the optimization method at the gene level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Liu
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
| | - Maosheng Cui
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Xiangfei Zhao
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Mingzhu Sun
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
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24
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Cao W, Zhao J, Qu P, Liu E. Current Progress and Prospects in Rabbit Cloning. Cell Reprogram 2022; 24:63-70. [PMID: 35167365 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) shows great value in the generation of transgenic animals, protection of endangered animals, and stem cell therapy. The combination of SCNT and gene editing has produced a variety of genetically modified animals for life science and medical research. Rabbits have unique advantages as transgenic bioreactors and human disease models; however, the low SCNT efficiency severely impedes the application of this technology. The difficulty in SCNT may be attributable to the abnormal reprogramming of somatic cells in rabbits. This review focuses on the abnormal reprogramming of cloned mammalian embryos and evaluates the progress and prospects of rabbit somatic cell cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Cao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengxiang Qu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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25
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Technical, Biological and Molecular Aspects of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the announcement of the birth of the first cloned mammal in 1997, Dolly the sheep, 24 animal species including laboratory, farm, and wild animals have been cloned. The technique for somatic cloning involves transfer of the donor nucleus of a somatic cell into an enucleated oocyte at the metaphase II (MII) stage for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor. There is increasing interest in animal cloning for different purposes such as rescue of endangered animals, replication of superior farm animals, production of genetically engineered animals, creation of biomedical models, and basic research. However, the efficiency of cloning remains relatively low. High abortion, embryonic, and fetal mortality rates are frequently observed. Moreover, aberrant developmental patterns during or after birth are reported. Researchers attribute these abnormal phenotypes mainly to incomplete nuclear remodeling, resulting in incomplete reprogramming. Nevertheless, multiple factors influence the success of each step of the somatic cloning process. Various strategies have been used to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer and most of the phenotypically normal born clones can survive, grow, and reproduce. This paper will present some technical, biological, and molecular aspects of somatic cloning, along with remarkable achievements and current improvements.
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26
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Cui G, Xu Y, Cao S, Shi K. Inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells is an important platform to study the mechanism of early embryonic development. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:70-85. [PMID: 35075695 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The early embryonic development starts with the totipotent zygote upon fertilization of differentiated sperm and egg, which undergoes a range of reprogramming and transformation to acquire pluripotency. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), a nonclonal technique to produce stem cells, are originated from differentiated somatic cells via accomplishment of cell reprogramming, which shares common reprogramming process with early embryonic development. iPSCs are attractive in recent years due to the potentially significant applications in disease modeling, potential value in genetic improvement of husbandry animal, regenerative medicine, and drug screening. This review focuses on introducing the research advance of both somatic cell reprogramming and early embryonic development, indicating that the mechanisms of iPSCs also shares common features with that of early embryonic development in several aspects, such as germ cell factors, DNA methylation, histone modification, and/or X chromosome inactivation. As iPSCs can successfully avoid ethical concerns that are naturally present in the embryos and/or embryonic stem cells, the practicality of somatic cell reprogramming (iPSCs) could provide an insightful platform to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guina Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyuan Cao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Kerong Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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27
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Liu J, Wang B, Liu X, Xiao K. Study on activity of different tissues from juvenile Yangtze sturgeon in the early post-mortem period. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:3-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Montoliu L. Historical DNA Manipulation Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2495:3-28. [PMID: 35696025 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2301-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The history of DNA manipulation for the creation of genetically modified animals began in the 1970s, using viruses as the first DNA molecules microinjected into mouse embryos at different preimplantation stages. Subsequently, simple DNA plasmids were used to microinject into the pronuclei of fertilized mouse oocytes and that method became the reference for many years. The isolation of embryonic stem cells together with advances in genetics allowed the generation of gene-specific knockout mice, later on improved with conditional mutations. Cloning procedures expanded the gene inactivation to livestock and other non-model mammalian species. Lentiviruses, artificial chromosomes, and intracytoplasmic sperm injections expanded the toolbox for DNA manipulation. The last chapter of this short but intense history belongs to programmable nucleases, particularly CRISPR-Cas systems, triggering the development of genomic-editing techniques, the current revolution we are living in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Montoliu
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Brachygnathia Inferior in Cloned Dogs Is Possibly Correlated with Variants of Wnt Signaling Pathway Initiators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010475. [PMID: 35008901 PMCID: PMC8745273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in animals cloned via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have been reported. In this study, to produce bomb-sniffing dogs, we successfully cloned four healthy dogs through SCNT using the same donor genome from the skin of a male German shepherd old dog. Veterinary diagnosis (X-ray/3D-CT imaging) revealed that two cloned dogs showed normal phenotypes, whereas the others showed abnormal shortening of the mandible (brachygnathia inferior) at 1 month after birth, even though they were cloned under the same conditions except for the oocyte source. Therefore, we aimed to determine the genetic cause of brachygnathia inferior in these cloned dogs. To determine the genetic defects related to brachygnathia inferior, we performed karyotyping and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for identifying small genetic alterations in the genome, such as single-nucleotide variations or frameshifts. There were no chromosomal numerical abnormalities in all cloned dogs. However, WGS analysis revealed variants of Wnt signaling pathway initiators (WNT5B, DVL2, DACT1, ARRB2, FZD 4/8) and cadherin (CDH11, CDH1like) in cloned dogs with brachygnathia inferior. In conclusion, this study proposes that brachygnathia inferior in cloned dogs may be associated with variants in initiators and/or regulators of the Wnt/cadherin signaling pathway.
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30
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Zhang XJ, She ZG, Wang J, Sun D, Shen LJ, Xiang H, Cheng X, Ji YX, Huang YP, Li PL, Yang X, Cheng Y, Ma JP, Wang HP, Hu Y, Hu F, Tian S, Tian H, Zhang P, Zhao GN, Wang L, Hu ML, Yang Q, Zhu LH, Cai J, Yang J, Zhang X, Ma X, Xu Q, Touyz RM, Liu PP, Loomba R, Wang Y, Li H. Multiple omics study identifies an interspecies conserved driver for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabg8117. [PMID: 34910546 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg8117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dating Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Jun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng-Long Li
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanjie Cheng
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Peng Ma
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hai-Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Song Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guang-Nian Zhao
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Man-Li Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19004, USA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Centre for Clinic Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- British Heart Foundation Chair in Cardiovascular Medicine, and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Peter P Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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31
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Optimal Treatment of 6-Dimethylaminopurine Enhances the In Vivo Development of Canine Embryos by Rapid Initiation of DNA Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147757. [PMID: 34299380 PMCID: PMC8303139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial activation of oocytes is an important step for successful parthenogenesis and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Here, we investigated the initiation of DNA synthesis and in vivo development of canine PA embryos and cloned embryos produced by treatment with 1.9 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) for different lengths of time. For experiments, oocytes for parthenogenesis and SCNT oocytes were cultured for 4 min in 10 μM calcium ionophore, and then divided into 2 groups: (1) culture for 2 h in 6-DMAP (DMAP-2h group); (2) culture for 4 h in DMAP (DMAP-4h group). DNA synthesis was clearly detected in all parthenogenetic (PA) embryos and cloned embryos incorporated BrdU 4 h after activation in DMAP-2h and DMAP-4h groups. In vivo development of canine parthenogenetic fetuses was observed after embryo transfer and the implantation rates of PA embryos in DMAP-2h were 34%, which was significantly higher than those in DMAP-4h (6.5%, p < 0.05). However, in SCNT, there was no significant difference in pregnancy rate (DMAP-2h: 41.6% vs. DMAP-4h: 33.3%) and implantation rates (DMAP-2h: 4.94% vs. DMAP-4h: 3.19%) between DMAP-2h and DMAP-4h. In conclusion, the use of DMAP-2h for canine oocyte activation may be ideal for the in vivo development of PA zygotes, but it was not more effective in in vivo development of canine reconstructed SCNT oocytes. The present study demonstrated that DMAP-2h treatment on activation of canine parthenogenesis and SCNT could effectively induce the onset of DNA synthesis during the first cell cycle.
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32
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Otake M, Kawaguchi H, Enya S, Kangawa A, Koga T, Matsuo K, Yamada S, Rahman MM, Miura N, Shibata M, Tanimoto A. High Pathological Reproducibility of Diet-induced Atherosclerosis in Microminipigs via Cloning Technology. In Vivo 2021; 35:2025-2033. [PMID: 34182477 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The reproducibility of athero - sclerotic lesions was evaluated after the production of cloned-microminipigs and their offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cloned-microminipig-parents were produced by microminipigsomatic cell nuclei. These parents were crossbred and delivered males (F1-offspring) were divided into two groups: normal chow diet (NcD)-fed and high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (HcD)-fed groups. One of the F1-offsprings was subjected to cloning, and delivered males (F1-clones) were fed with HcD. After 8 weeks, all animals were necropsied for patho - physiological studies compared to non-cloned-microminipigs. RESULTS HcD-fed F1-offspring and F1-clones, but not NcD-fed F1-offspring, exhibited increased serum lipid levels and systemic atherosclerosis, which were comparable to those of HcD-fed non-cloned-microminipigs. Homogeneity of variance analysis demonstrated that standard deviation values of serum lipoprotein and aortic atherosclerosis area from HcD-fed animals decreased in F1-offspring and F1-clones. CONCLUSION HcD-induced atherogenesis was highly reproducible in F1-offsprings and F1-clones, indicating that the atherosclerosis-prone genomic background was preserved in the cloned-microminipigs, which can be used for studies on human atherosclerosis and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Otake
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Kawaguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towadashi, Japan
| | - Satoko Enya
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Japan
| | - Akihisa Kangawa
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Koga
- Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kei Matsuo
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Md Mahfuzur Rahman
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Miura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shibata
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan;
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Son YB, Jeong YI, Jeong YW, Olsson PO, Hossein MS, Cai L, Kim S, Choi EJ, Sakaguchi K, Tinson A, Singh KK, Rajesh S, Noura AS, Hwang WS. Development and pregnancy rates of Camelus dromedarius-cloned embryos derived from in vivo- and in vitro-matured oocytes. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:177-183. [PMID: 34289583 PMCID: PMC8738946 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study evaluated the efficiency of embryo development and pregnancy of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos using different source-matured oocytes in Camelus dromedarius. Methods Camelus dromedarius embryos were produced by SCNT using in vivo- and in vitro- matured oocytes. In vitro embryo developmental capacity of reconstructed embryos was evaluated. To confirm the efficiency of pregnancy and live birth rates, a total of 72 blastocysts using in vitro- matured oocytes transferred into 45 surrogates and 95 blastocysts using in vivo- matured oocytes were transferred into 62 surrogates by transvaginal method. Results The collected oocytes derived from ovum pick up showed higher maturation potential into metaphase II oocytes than oocytes from the slaughterhouse. The competence of cleavage, and blastocyst were also significantly higher in in vivo- matured oocytes than in vitro- matured oocytes. After embryo transfer, 11 pregnant and 10 live births were confirmed in in vivo- matured oocytes group, and 2 pregnant and 1 live birth were confirmed in in vitro- matured oocytes group. Furthermore, blastocysts produced by in vivo-matured oocytes resulted in significantly higher early pregnancy and live birth rates than in vitro-matured oocytes. Conclusion In this study, SCNT embryos using in vivo- and in vitro-matured camel oocytes were successfully developed, and pregnancy was established in recipient camels. We also confirmed that in vivo-matured oocytes improved the development of embryos and the pregnancy capacity using the blastocyst embryo transfer method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Bum Son
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yeon Ik Jeong
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yeon Woo Jeong
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Per Olof Olsson
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Lian Cai
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sun Kim
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eun Ji Choi
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kenichiro Sakaguchi
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alex Tinson
- Hilli E.T. Cloning and Surgical Centre Presidential Camels and Camel Racing Affairs, 17292 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kuhad Kuldip Singh
- Hilli E.T. Cloning and Surgical Centre Presidential Camels and Camel Racing Affairs, 17292 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Singh Rajesh
- Hilli E.T. Cloning and Surgical Centre Presidential Camels and Camel Racing Affairs, 17292 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Al Shamsi Noura
- Hilli E.T. Cloning and Surgical Centre Presidential Camels and Camel Racing Affairs, 17292 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- UAE Biotech Research Center, 30310 Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Strategy to Establish Embryo-Derived Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095011. [PMID: 34065074 PMCID: PMC8125899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell research is essential not only for the research and treatment of human diseases, but also for the genetic preservation and improvement of animals. Since embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were established in mice, substantial efforts have been made to establish true ESCs in many species. Although various culture conditions were used to establish ESCs in cattle, the capturing of true bovine ESCs (bESCs) has not been achieved. In this review, the difficulty of establishing bESCs with various culture conditions is described, and the characteristics of proprietary induced pluripotent stem cells and extended pluripotent stem cells are introduced. We conclude with a suggestion of a strategy for establishing true bESCs.
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Extranuclear Inheritance of Mitochondrial Genome and Epigenetic Reprogrammability of Chromosomal Telomeres in Somatic Cell Cloning of Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063099. [PMID: 33803567 PMCID: PMC8002851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in mammals seems to be still characterized by the disappointingly low rates of cloned embryos, fetuses, and progeny generated. These rates are measured in relation to the numbers of nuclear-transferred oocytes and can vary depending on the technique applied to the reconstruction of enucleated oocytes. The SCNT efficiency is also largely affected by the capability of donor nuclei to be epigenetically reprogrammed in a cytoplasm of reconstructed oocytes. The epigenetic reprogrammability of donor nuclei in SCNT-derived embryos appears to be biased, to a great extent, by the extranuclear (cytoplasmic) inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fractions originating from donor cells. A high frequency of mtDNA heteroplasmy occurrence can lead to disturbances in the intergenomic crosstalk between mitochondrial and nuclear compartments during the early embryogenesis of SCNT-derived embryos. These disturbances can give rise to incorrect and incomplete epigenetic reprogramming of donor nuclei in mammalian cloned embryos. The dwindling reprogrammability of donor nuclei in the blastomeres of SCNT-derived embryos can also be impacted by impaired epigenetic rearrangements within terminal ends of donor cell-descended chromosomes (i.e., telomeres). Therefore, dysfunctions in epigenetic reprogramming of donor nuclei can contribute to the enhanced attrition of telomeres. This accelerates the processes of epigenomic aging and replicative senescence in the cells forming various tissues and organs of cloned fetuses and progeny. For all the above-mentioned reasons, the current paper aims to overview the state of the art in not only molecular mechanisms underlying intergenomic communication between nuclear and mtDNA molecules in cloned embryos but also intrinsic determinants affecting unfaithful epigenetic reprogrammability of telomeres. The latter is related to their abrasion within somatic cell-inherited chromosomes.
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Park JE, Sasaki E. Assisted Reproductive Techniques and Genetic Manipulation in the Common Marmoset. ILAR J 2021; 61:286-303. [PMID: 33693670 PMCID: PMC8918153 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Genetic modification of nonhuman primate (NHP) zygotes is a useful method for the development of NHP models of human diseases. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of assisted reproductive and genetic manipulation techniques in NHP, providing the basis for the generation of genetically modified NHP disease models. In this study, we review assisted reproductive techniques, including ovarian stimulation, in vitro maturation of oocytes, in vitro fertilization, embryo culture, embryo transfer, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection protocols in marmosets. Furthermore, we review genetic manipulation techniques, including transgenic strategies, target gene knock-out and knock-in using gene editing protocols, and newly developed gene-editing approaches that may potentially impact the production of genetically manipulated NHP models. We further discuss the progress of assisted reproductive and genetic manipulation techniques in NHP; future prospects on genetically modified NHP models for biomedical research are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Park
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals in Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Advance in the Role of Epigenetic Reprogramming in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Mediated Embryonic Development. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6681337. [PMID: 33628270 PMCID: PMC7880704 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6681337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) enables terminally differentiated somatic cells to gain totipotency. Many species are successfully cloned up to date, including nonhuman primate. With this technology, not only the protection of endangered animals but also human therapeutics is going to be a reality. However, the low efficiency of the SCNT-mediated reprogramming and the defects of extraembryonic tissues as well as abnormalities of cloned individuals limit the application of reproductive cloning on animals. Also, due to the scarcity of human oocytes, low efficiency of blastocyst development and embryonic stem cell line derivation from nuclear transfer embryo (ntESCs), it is far away from the application of this technology on human therapeutics to date. In recent years, multiple epigenetic barriers are reported, which gives us clues to improve reprogramming efficiency. Here, we reviewed the reprogramming process and reprogramming defects of several important epigenetic marks and highlighted epigenetic barriers that may lead to the aberrant reprogramming. Finally, we give our insights into improving the efficiency and quality of SCNT-mediated reprogramming.
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Mitochondrial metabolism assessment of lycaon-dog fetuses in interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer. Theriogenology 2021; 165:18-27. [PMID: 33611171 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have reported that interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) is considered the prominent method in preserving endangered animals. However, the development rate of iSCNT embryos is low, and there are limited studies on the molecular mechanism of the iSCNT process. This study evaluated the developmental potential of interspecies lycaon (Lycaon pictus)-dog embryos and assessed the mitochondrial content and metabolism of the produced cloned lycaon-dog fetus. Of 678 collected oocytes, 516 were subjected to nuclear transfer, and 419 reconstructed embryos with male lycaon fibroblasts were transferred into 27 surrogates. Of 720 oocytes, 568 were subjected to nuclear transfer and 469 reconstructed embryos with female lycaon fibroblasts were transferred into 31 surrogates. Two recipients who received female reconstructed embryos were identified as pregnant at 30 days. However, fetal retardation with no cardiac activity was observed at 46 days. Microsatellite analysis confirmed that the cloned lycaon-dog fetus was genetically identical to the lycaon donor cell, whereas mitochondrial sequencing analysis revealed that oocyte donor dogs transmitted their mtDNA. We assessed the oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial content of the aborted lycaon-dog fetus to shed some light on the aborted fetus's cellular metabolism. The oxygen consumption rates in the lycaon-dog fetal fibroblasts were lower than those in adult dog, lycaon and cloned dog fetal fibroblasts. Furthermore, lycaon-dog fetal fibroblasts showed decreased proportions of live and active mitochondria compared with other groups. Overall, we hypothesized that nuclear-mitochondrial incompatibility affects pyruvate metabolism and that these processes cause intrauterine fetal death.
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40
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Questa M, Moshref M, Jimenez RJ, Lopez‐Cervantes V, Crawford CK, Settles ML, Ross PJ, Kol A. Chromatin accessibility in canine stromal cells and its implications for canine somatic cell reprogramming. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:441-454. [PMID: 33210453 PMCID: PMC7900587 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring disease in pet dogs is an untapped and unique resource for stem cell-based regenerative medicine translational research, given the many similarities and complexity such disease shares with their human counterparts. Canine-specific regulators of somatic cell reprogramming and pluripotency maintenance are poorly understood. While retroviral delivery of the four Yamanaka factors successfully reprogrammed canine embryonic fibroblasts, adult stromal cells remained resistant to reprogramming in spite of effective viral transduction and transgene expression. We hypothesized that adult stromal cells fail to reprogram due to an epigenetic barrier. Here, we performed assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) on canine stromal and pluripotent stem cells, analyzing 51 samples in total, and establishing the global landscape of chromatin accessibility before and after reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We also studied adult stromal cells that do not yield iPSC colonies to identify potential reprogramming barriers. ATAC-seq analysis identified distinct cell type clustering patterns and chromatin remodeling during embryonic fibroblast reprogramming. Compared with embryonic fibroblasts, adult stromal cells had a chromatin accessibility landscape that reflects phenotypic differentiation and somatic cell-fate stability. We ultimately identified 76 candidate genes and several transcription factor binding motifs that may be impeding somatic cell reprogramming to iPSC, and could be targeted for inhibition or activation, in order to improve the process in canines. These results provide a vast resource for better understanding of pluripotency regulators in dogs and provide an unbiased rationale for novel canine-specific reprogramming approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Questa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maryam Moshref
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert J. Jimenez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Veronica Lopez‐Cervantes
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles K. Crawford
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Matthew L. Settles
- Bioinformatics Core FacilityUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Pablo J. Ross
- Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Influence of oocyte selection, activation with a zinc chelator and inhibition of histone deacetylases on cloned porcine embryo and chemically activated oocytes development. ZYGOTE 2020; 28:286-290. [PMID: 32285760 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199419000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of alternative protocols to improve oocyte selection, embryo activation and genomic reprogramming on in vitro development of porcine embryos cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In Experiment 1, in vitro-matured oocytes were selected by exposure to a hyperosmotic sucrose solution prior to micromanipulation. In Experiment 2, an alternative chemical activation protocol using a zinc chelator as an adjuvant (ionomycin + N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) + N-6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP)) was compared with a standard protocol (ionomycin + 6-DMAP) for the activation of porcine oocytes or SCNT embryos. In Experiment 3, presumptive cloned zygotes were incubated after chemical activation in a histone deacetylase inhibitor (Scriptaid) for 15 h, with the evaluation of embryo yield and total cell number in day 7 blastocysts. In Experiment 1, cleavage rates tended to be higher in sucrose-treated oocytes than controls (123/199, 61.8% vs. 119/222, 53.6%, respectively); however, blastocyst rates were similar between groups. In Experiment 2, cleavage rates were higher in zygotes treated with TPEN than controls but no difference in blastocyst rates between groups occurred. For Experiment 3, the exposure to Scriptaid did not improve embryo development after cloning. Nevertheless, the total number of cells was higher in cloned zygotes treated with Scriptaid than SCNT controls. In conclusion, oocyte selection by sucrose as well as treatments with zinc chelator and an inhibitor of histone deacetylases did not significantly improve blastocyst yield in cloned and parthenotes. However, the histone deacetylases inhibitor produced a significant improvement in the blastocyst quality.
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Wang X, Qu J, Li J, He H, Liu Z, Huan Y. Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Recent Progress and Future Directions. Front Genet 2020; 11:205. [PMID: 32256519 PMCID: PMC7093498 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has broad applications but is limited by low cloning efficiency. In this review, we mainly focus on SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming in livestock and also describe mice data for reference. This review presents the factors contributing to low cloning efficiency, demonstrates that incomplete epigenetic reprogramming leads to the low developmental potential of cloned embryos, and further describes the regulation of epigenetic reprogramming by long non-coding RNAs, which is a new research perspective in the field of SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. In conclusion, this review provides new insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism during SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, which could have great implications for improving cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiadan Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cadre Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbin He
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjun Huan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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43
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Qu P, Wang Y, Zhang C, Liu E. Insights into the roles of sperm in animal cloning. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:65. [PMID: 32070430 PMCID: PMC7027237 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has shown a wide application in the generation of transgenic animals, protection of endangered animals, and therapeutic cloning. However, the efficiency of SCNT remains very low due to some poorly characterized key factors. Compared with fertilized embryos, somatic donor cells lack some important components of sperm, such as sperm small noncoding RNA (sncRNA) and proteins. Loss of these factors is considered an important reason for the abnormal development of SCNT embryo. This study focused on recent advances of SCNT and the roles of sperm in development. Sperm-derived factors play an important role in nucleus reprogramming and cytoskeleton remodeling during SCNT embryo development. Hence, considering the role of sperm may provide a new strategy for improving cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Qu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Wang X. Stem cells in tissues, organoids, and cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4043-4070. [PMID: 31317205 PMCID: PMC6785598 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells give rise to all cells and build the tissue structures in our body, and heterogeneity and plasticity are the hallmarks of stem cells. Epigenetic modification, which is associated with niche signals, determines stem cell differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming. Stem cells play a critical role in the development of tumors and are capable of generating 3D organoids. Understanding the properties of stem cells will improve our capacity to maintain tissue homeostasis. Dissecting epigenetic regulation could be helpful for achieving efficient cell reprograming and for developing new drugs for cancer treatment. Stem cell-derived organoids open up new avenues for modeling human diseases and for regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, in addition to the achievements in stem cell research, many challenges still need to be overcome for stem cells to have versatile application in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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45
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Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells can help recreate a variety of different tissues. Stem cells are already in use in a variety of ways in the medical field but plastic surgeons have particular interest because of the constant need to produce additional tissue or mold existing tissue. More and more commercial products are being marketed with far-reaching goals and some with proven and promising results. In this article, the authors discuss the basic science behind stem cells and the theories on how they work. They then discuss some active uses of stem cells that should be understood by all plastic surgeons. The reader should then have an understanding and basis to evaluate new technologies and commercial products as they develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil A Agrawal
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Dmitry Zavlin
- Institute for Reconstructive Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew R Louis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edward M Reece
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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46
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Wang GD, Larson G, Kidd JM, vonHoldt BM, Ostrander EA, Zhang YP. Dog10K: the International Consortium of Canine Genome Sequencing. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:611-613. [PMID: 31598382 PMCID: PMC6776106 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Greger Larson
- Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jeffrey M Kidd
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, USA
| | | | - Elaine A Ostrander
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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47
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Li W, Xu H, Yin Y, Shen W, Sun QY, Zhao M. In vitro production of canine blastocysts. Theriogenology 2019; 135:164-168. [PMID: 31216507 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Though blastocyst production in vitro has been successful in several animal species, a culture system to produce viable and normal canine blastocysts in vitro remains to be established. In this study, we report the development of an in vitro culture system for canine preimplantation embryos produced via parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nucleus transfer (SCNT). Our results show that the medium developed by us, named "Qingdao Agricultural University's (QAU)-4 medium", successfully breaks the developmental arrest observed at the eight-cell stage in canine embryos grown in other culture systems. The blastocysts produced in QAU-4 displayed normal blastocyst structures, including a clear inner cell mass and blastocyst cavity. We also found that blastocyst formation in PA embryos cultured in QAU-4 medium was quite high, though this was not so in the case of SCNT embryos. However, supplementation of QAU-4 medium with 100 nM of scriptaid caused a sharp increase in blastocyst formation in SCNT embryos. After culture, hatched blastocysts were also observed to successfully adhere to collagen-coated dishes, where further growth and differentiation occurred. To our knowledge, this is the first in vitro canine preimplantation embryo culture system that can successfully produce canine blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China; College of Life Science, Institute of Reproductive Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haina Xu
- Osight Biological Technology co., LTD, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbo Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China; Bolong Experimental co., LTD, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Science, Institute of Reproductive Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Institute of Reproductive Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China; State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- College of Life Science, Institute of Reproductive Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
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48
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He W, Chen J, Gao S. Mammalian haploid stem cells: establishment, engineering and applications. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2349-2367. [PMID: 30888429 PMCID: PMC11105600 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) contain only one set of genomes inherited from the sperm or egg and are termed AG- or PG-haESCs, respectively. Mammalian haESCs show genome-wide hypomethylation and dysregulated imprinting, whereas they can sustain genome integrity during derivation and long-term propagation. In addition, haESCs exhibit similar pluripotency to traditional diploid ESCs but are unique because they function as gametes and have been used to produce semi-cloned animals. More strikingly, unisexual reproduction has been achieved in mice by using haESCs. In combination with a gene editing or screening system, haESCs represent a powerful tool for studies of underlying gene functions and explorations of mechanisms of genetic and epigenetic regulation not only at the cellular level in vitro but also at the animal level in vivo. More importantly, genetically edited AG-haESC lines may further serve as an ideal candidate for the establishment of a sperm bank, which is a highly cost-effective approach, and a wide range of engineered semi-cloned mice have been produced. Here, we review the historical development, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of haESCs. Additionally, we present an in-depth discussion of the recent advances in haESCs and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenteng He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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49
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Lee SH, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Kim GA, Setyawan EMN, Ra K, Abdillah DA, Lee BC. Dog cloning-no longer science fiction. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 53 Suppl 3:133-138. [PMID: 30474338 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the generation of world's first cloned dog, Snuppy, in 2005, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in dogs has been widely applied for producing several kinds of dogs with specific objectives. Previous studies have demonstrated that cloned dogs show normal characteristics in growth, blood parameters and behavioural aspect. Also, canine SCNT technique has been applied to propagate working dogs with excellent abilities in fields such as assistance of disabled people, drugs detection and rescue activity. Because dogs have similar habituation properties and share many characteristics including anatomic and physiological aspects with humans, they are also primary candidates for human disease models. Recently, transgenic dogs that express red fluorescent protein gene constitutively and green fluorescent protein gene conditionally have been generated. In addition, transgenic dogs with an overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in specific muscles were generated to enhance physical performance. In 2017, Snuppy was recloned with markedly increased pregnancy and delivery rates compared to the statistics from when Snuppy was first cloned. Such striking improvements in the cloning of dogs using SCNT procedures suggest that dog cloning could be applied in many fields of biomedical science for human diseases research, and the application of cloning is no longer science fiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihae Ra
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dimas Arya Abdillah
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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50
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Farstad W. Ethics in animal breeding. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 53 Suppl 3:4-13. [PMID: 30474325 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ethical breeding involves the use of healthy animals true to their species in behaviour and physical appearance, and when applicable, showing a sustainable performance. The concerns for the species/breed are essential parts of the breeding goals, including preservation of genetic resources within the species/breed, and the health and welfare of the individual animal. Ethical and welfare considerations were often not prioritized in developing new breeds of production or companion animals. As a result, animal breeding practices are increasingly becoming part of the debate on animal welfare. In companion animals, breeding for curiosity or "cuteness" may be a goal in itself, although dogs are also bred for utility. In production animals, breeding focus is on performance, i.e., quantitative entities and financial income, rather than physical appearance. For instance, dairy cows are bred to be larger and to have higher milk yields, sows and ewes to produce more offspring, and horses are designed for riding, racing, and companionship. Overbreeding in relation to current demand of horses, cats, and dogs raises welfare issues due to abandonment or killing of horses and millions of cats and dogs every year. There is variable regulation of health requirements for breeding animals in different countries of the world. In many countries, consumers are becoming increasingly aware of animal welfare issues such as negative effects of certain production traits in farm animals, leading to decreased demand for their meat at a time where increased food production is becoming crucial. Amidst these dilemmas are the veterinarians. This paper deals with issues connected to traditional breeding as well as some of the breeding technologies, and includes food safety, ethics, and animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenche Farstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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