1
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Moore T. X centromeric drive may explain the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome and other conditions: Genomic structure of the human X chromosome pericentromeric region is consistent with meiotic drive associated with PCOS and other conditions. Bioessays 2024:e2400056. [PMID: 39072829 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
X chromosome centromeric drive may explain the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome and contribute to oocyte aneuploidy, menopause, and other conditions. The mammalian X chromosome may be vulnerable to meiotic drive because of X inactivation in the female germline. The human X pericentromeric region contains genes potentially involved in meiotic mechanisms, including multiple SPIN1 and ZXDC paralogs. This is consistent with a multigenic drive system comprising differential modification of the active and inactive X chromosome centromeres in female primordial germ cells and preferential segregation of the previously inactivated X chromosome centromere to the polar body at meiosis I. The drive mechanism may explain differences in X chromosome regulation in the female germlines of the human and mouse and, based on the functions encoded by the genes in the region, the transmission of X pericentromeric genetic or epigenetic variants to progeny could contribute to preeclampsia, autism, and differences in sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Moore
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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2
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Dahiya UR, Heemers HV. Analyzing the Androgen Receptor Interactome in Prostate Cancer: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060936. [PMID: 35326387 PMCID: PMC8946651 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the ligand-activated nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. AR’s transactivation activity is turned on by the binding of androgens, the male sex steroid hormones. AR is critical for the development and maintenance of the male phenotype but has been recognized to also play an important role in human diseases. Most notably, AR is a major driver of prostate cancer (CaP) progression, which remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American men. Androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) that interfere with interactions between AR and its activating androgen ligands have been the mainstay for treatment of metastatic CaP. Although ADTs are effective and induce remissions, eventually they fail, while the growth of the majority of ADT-resistant CaPs remains under AR’s control. Alternative approaches to inhibit AR activity and bypass resistance to ADT are being sought, such as preventing the interaction between AR and its cofactors and coregulators that is needed to execute AR-dependent transcription. For such strategies to be efficient, the 3D conformation of AR complexes needs to be well-understood and AR-regulator interaction sites resolved. Here, we review current insights into these 3D structures and the protein interaction sites in AR transcriptional complexes. We focus on methods and technological approaches used to identify AR interactors and discuss challenges and limitations that need to be overcome for efficient therapeutic AR complex disruption.
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3
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Shen P, Cao X, Sun L, Qian Y, Wu B, Wang X, Shi G, Wang D. KLF9 suppresses cell growth and induces apoptosis via the AR pathway in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101151. [PMID: 34703906 PMCID: PMC8521454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) play an important role in many biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Our study showed that the level of KLF9 is lower in PCa cell lines compared to a benign prostate cell line; the androgen-independent cell line PC3 expresses significantly lower KLF9 than the androgen-dependent cell line, LNCaP. Forced overexpression of KLF9 suppressed cell growth, colony formation, and induced cell apoptosis in LNCaP cells. We also found that KLF9 expression was induced in response to apoptosis caused by flutamide, and further addition of dihydrotestosterone antagonized the action of flutamide and significantly decreased KLF9 expression. Furthermore, activation of the androgen receptor (AR) was inhibited by the overexpression of KLF9. Our research shows that KLF9 is lower in androgen-independent cell lines than in androgen-dependent cell lines; Overexpression of KLF9 dramatically suppresses the proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and induces apoptosis in androgen-dependent cells; KLF9 inhibition on prostate cancer cell growth may be acting through the AR pathway. Our results therefore suggest that KLF9 may play a significant role in the transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent prostate cancer and is a potential target of prevention and therapy. KLF9 is lower in androgen-independent cell lines than in androgen-dependent cell lines. Overexpression of KLF9 suppresses the proliferation and induces apoptosis in androgen-dependent cells. KLF9 inhibition on androgen-dependent Pca growth may be associated with the inhibition of AR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengliang Shen
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoming Cao
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Libin Sun
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Guowei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dongwen Wang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.,National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China
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4
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Tang C, Wang M, Dai Y, Wei X. Krüppel-like factor 12 suppresses bladder cancer growth through transcriptionally inhibition of enolase 2. Gene 2020; 769:145338. [PMID: 33279628 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are transcription factors and play important roles in bladder cancer (BC). Clarifying the function of KLFs will provide new strategies for clinical treatment of BC. In this study, we found that Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was decreased in BC tissues and cells. Knockdown of KLF12 by siRNA dramatically elevated the proliferation and colony formation of BC cells. By contrast, overexpressing KLF12 suppressed the cell viability and the number of clones. Overexpression of KLF12 also regulated cell cycle progression, apoptosis and migration of BC cells. Furthermore, KLF12 bound to the promoter of enolase 2 (ENO2) and transcriptionally inhibited the expression of ENO2, which was highly expressed in BC tissues. KLF12 suppressed, while ENO2 promoted glycolysis. Lastly, ENO2 overexpression and knockdown promoted and suppressed the proliferation and migration of BC cells, respectively. These results suggest that KLF12 acts as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulated ENO2. Targeting ENO2 is a promising treatment strategy for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Tang
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Public affairs department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
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5
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Kumar S, Behera A, Saha P, Kumar Srivastava A. The role of Krüppel-like factor 8 in cancer biology: Current research and its clinical relevance. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114351. [PMID: 33253644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, ranked second after heart disease. Despite recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment, there are still numerous problems associated with cancer progression, disease recurrence, and therapeutic resistance that are partially explored. Several studies have recently revealed that Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) regulates transcription of genes linked with diverse biological processes, including proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion, and inflammation. KLF8 is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian cells, and its aberrant expression has been manifested with several cancer types. Earlier studies demonstrated the crucial role of KLF8 in DNA repair and resistance to apoptosis in numerous cancer types. Hence, studying the function of KLF8 from the perspective of cancer progression and therapy resistance would help develop a new therapeutic avenue. In this review, we summarize the clinical relevance of KLF8 expression in various malignancies, focusing on recent updates in EMT, cellular signaling, and cancer stem cells. We also address the contribution of KLF8 in development, DNA repair, chemoresistance, and its clinical utility as a predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, AP, India.
| | - Abhijeet Behera
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, AP, India.
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India.
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6
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Heilmann-Heimbach S, Hochfeld LM, Henne SK, Nöthen MM. Hormonal regulation in male androgenetic alopecia-Sex hormones and beyond: Evidence from recent genetic studies. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:814-827. [PMID: 32946134 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Male-pattern hair loss, also termed androgenetic alopecia (AGA), is a highly prevalent age-related condition that is characterized by a distinct pattern of hair loss from the frontotemporal and vertex regions of the scalp. The phenotype is highly heritable and hormone dependent, with androgens being the recognized critical hormonal factor. Numerous molecular genetic studies have focused on genetic variation in and around the gene that encodes the androgen receptor. More recently, however, the availability of high-throughput molecular genetic methods, novel methods of data analysis and sufficiently large sample sizes have rendered possible the systematic investigation of the contribution of other components of the androgen receptor pathway or hormonal pathways beyond the androgen receptor signalling pathways. Over the past decade, genome-wide association studies of increasingly large cohorts have enabled the genome-wide identification of genetic risk factors for AGA, and yielded unprecedented insights into the underlying pathobiology. The present review discusses some of the most intriguing genetic findings on the relevance of (sex)hormonal signalling in AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lara M Hochfeld
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabrina K Henne
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Meng J, Lu X, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Gao L, Gao S, Yan F, Liang C. Characterization of the prognostic values and response to immunotherapy/chemotherapy of Krüppel-like factors in prostate cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5797-5810. [PMID: 32281273 PMCID: PMC7214179 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the overall genetic and epigenetic effects of Krüppel‐like factors (KLFs) on prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. Therefore, we systematically investigated the molecular differences in KLFs of transcription expression, promoter methylation and genetic alteration. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyse the effect on RFS and establish the prognostic signature in the TCGA cohort, MSKCC and GSE116918 cohorts employed to validate the signature. Biological pathway enrichment and the potential response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy were inferred. The transcription levels of most KLFs are associated with the clinical outcome of PCa. Gleason score (P = .009), pathology T stage (P = .006), KLF3 (P = .034), KLF5 (P = .002) and KLF7 (P = .035) were independent prognostic factors. A prognostic signature was established in the TCGA cohort (P < .001) and validated in the MSKCC (P < .001) and GSE116918 cohorts (P = .006). Demethylation of KLF5 by 5‐azacytidine led to increased protein levels, whereas knockdown of KLF5 promoted cell proliferation. Patients in KLF‐F were more likely to respond to immunotherapy (P < .001) and bicalutamide (P < .001). In summary, we found that the KLFs and clinical feature‐based signatures may improve prognosis prediction in PCa and further promote patient stratification and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shenglin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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8
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Zhang J, Yu W, Wang X, Hu B, Wu D, Shi G. KLF16 Affects the MYC Signature and Tumor Growth in Prostate Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1303-1310. [PMID: 32103997 PMCID: PMC7025737 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s233495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KLF16, a member of the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family, functions in the regulation of dopaminergic transmission, metabolism, and endocrinology. However, the role of KLF16 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unknown. Methods We screened the expression of KLFs in PCa based on bioinformatics analysis. The protein levels of KLF16 in PCa specimens were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Inhibiting KLF16 by RNA interference with shRNA was used to determine the effects of KLF16 on PCa cell growth in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing was used to investigate the signaling regulated by KLF16 in PCa. Bioinformatics analysis was also used to determine the possible correlations of KLF16 and signaling in PCa cohorts. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that KLF16 may be required for PCa development. Notably, the expression of KLF16 was elevated in human PCa tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments both demonstrated that depleting KLF16 significantly inhibited the growth of PCa cells. Downregulation of KLF16 significantly decreased the expression of MYC signaling in PCa cells. Furthermore, KLF16 expression was correlated with MYC signaling activity. Conclusion KLF16 was overexpressed in PCa tissues compared to normal tissues. KLF16 knockdown suppressed PCa cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and a deficiency of KLF16 inhibited activation of MYC signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wandong Yu
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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9
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Wang Q, Peng R, Wang B, Wang J, Yu W, Liu Y, Shi G. Transcription factor KLF13 inhibits AKT activation and suppresses the growth of prostate carcinoma cells. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:533-541. [PMID: 29843216 PMCID: PMC6218114 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krüppel-like factor 13 (KLF13), a member of the KLF family, is involved in the development of immunological diseases and tumor progression. However, the expression patterns and potential functions of KLF13 in prostate carcinoma are still unknown. Here, we aimed to study the roles and mechanisms of KLF13 in prostate cancer. METHODS The expression levels of KLF13 was detected by Immunohistochemistry in prostate tumor tissues and the paired non-tumor tissues. The effects of KLF13 up-regulation was tested by performing CCK8, cell colon formation, flow cytometric analysis and measurement of tumor proliferation in nude mice. Signaling pathway was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS The current study, for the first time, found that KLF13 was downregulated in prostate tumor tissues as compared to the paired non-tumor tissues. The overexpression of KLF13 dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by suppressing the AKT pathway in human prostate cancer cells. Moreover, the ectopic expression of KLF13 efficiently delayed the onset of PC3 xenografts and inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS KLF13 functions as a tumor suppressor protein in PCa, and the pharmacological activation of KLF13 might represent a potential approach for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixian Peng
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boshi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wandong Yu
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guowei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Yi X, Zai H, Long X, Wang X, Li W, Li Y. Krüppel-like factor 8 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and promotes invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through transcriptional activation of four and a half LIM-only protein 2. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4883-4889. [PMID: 28943967 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Invasive growth and early metastasis is one of the greatest challenges to overcome for the treatment of PC. Numerous previous studies have indicated that the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) and nuclear cofactor four and a half LIM-only protein 2 (FHL2) serve important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression; however, their roles in PC remain elusive. The present study revealed that KLF8 and FHL2 expression is aberrantly co-overexpressed in PC tissue samples and associated with tumor metastasis. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the expression levels of KLF8 and FHL2 was observed. Subsequently, the present study identified KLF8 as a critical inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion. Of note, the present study demonstrated that KLF8 overexpression induced a strong increase in FHL2 expression, and subsequent promoter reporter assays determined that KLF8 directly bound and activated the FHL2 gene promoter. Furthermore, FHL2 knockdown in KLF8-overexpressing cells partially reversed the EMT and invasive phenotypes. The present study identified KLF8-induced FHL2 activation as a novel and critical signaling mechanism underlying human PC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zai
- Department of General Surgery, Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Long
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yixiong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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11
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Li JZ, Li J, Wang HQ, Li X, Wen B, Wang YJ. MiR-141-3p promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation through inhibiting kruppel-like factor-9 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:1381-1386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Krasnov GS, Dmitriev AA, Sadritdinova AF, Volchenko NN, Slavnova EN, Danilova TV, Snezhkina AV, Melnikova NV, Fedorova MS, Lakunina VA, Belova AA, Nyushko KM, Alekseev BY, Kaprin AD, Kudryavtseva AV. Molecular genetic mechanisms of drug resistance in prostate cancer. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Simmen RCM, Heard ME, Simmen AM, Montales MTM, Marji M, Scanlon S, Pabona JMP. The Krüppel-like factors in female reproductive system pathologies. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:R89-R101. [PMID: 25654975 PMCID: PMC4369192 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Female reproductive tract pathologies arise largely from dysregulation of estrogen and progesterone receptor signaling, leading to aberrant cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. The signaling pathways orchestrated by these nuclear receptors are complex, require the participation of many nuclear proteins serving as key binding partners or targets, and involve a range of paracrine and autocrine regulatory circuits. The members of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors are ubiquitously expressed in reproductive tissues and have been increasingly implicated as critical co-regulators and integrators of steroid hormone actions. Herein, we explore the involvement of KLF family members in uterine pathology, describe their currently known molecular mechanisms, and discuss their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia C M Simmen
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - Melissa E Heard
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - Angela M Simmen
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - Maria Theresa M Montales
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - Meera Marji
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - Samantha Scanlon
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
| | - John Mark P Pabona
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USADepartment of Internal MedicineHarlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10037, USA
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14
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Zhang Y, Hao J, Zheng Y, Jing D, Shen Y, Wang J, Zhao Z. Role of Krüppel-like factors in cancer stem cells. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:155-64. [PMID: 25616500 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), or cancer cells with stem cell properties, are a rare population of tumor bulk and are recognized to be responsible for cancer recurrence, drug resistance, and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms of how to regulate the differentiation and self-renewing of CSCs are poorly understood. Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are essential DNA-binding transcriptional regulators with diverse functions in various cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, migration, and pluripotency. Recent progress has highlighted the significance of KLFs in tumor progression and CSCs. The regulatory functions of KLFs in the development of cancer and CSCs have become a burgeoning area of intense research. In this review, we summarize the current understanding and progress of the transcriptional regulation of KLFs in CSCs and discuss the functional implications of targeting CSCs by KLFs for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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15
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Li N, Chen M, Truong S, Yan C, Buttyan R. Determinants of Gli2 co-activation of wildtype and naturally truncated androgen receptors. Prostate 2014; 74:1400-10. [PMID: 25132524 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gli2, a transcription factor in the Hedgehog pathway, is overexpressed in castrate-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). Previously we showed that Gli2 overexpression increased transcriptional activity of androgen receptor (AR) and conferred androgen growth-independence to normally growth-dependent PCa cells. Here we localized the regions of AR-Gli2 protein interaction and determined the domains within Gli2 needed for AR co-activation. METHODS Co-immunoprecipitation and GST-pulldown assays were used to define AR-Gli binding domains. Co-activation assays using androgen-responsive promoter reporters were used to define Gli2 regions needed for AR co-activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to confirm nuclear interactions of Gli2 with AR in PCa cells. RESULTS The Gli2 C-terminal domain (CTD) is sufficient for AR co-activation. Two elements within the CTD were required: (1) an AR binding domain within aa628-897; and (2) at least part of the Gli2 transactivation domain within aa1252-1586. In turn, Gli2 binds the tau5/AF5 ligand-independent activation domain in the AR N-terminus. Mutations in the WxxLF motif in tau5/AF5 greatly diminished binding to Gli2-CTD. Gli2 interaction with AR tau5/AF5 was further substantiated by the ability of Gli2/Gli2-CTD to co-activate truncated AR splice variants (AR-V7/ARV567es). ChIP assays confirmed that Gli2 associates with chromatin at androgen response elements found near androgen-responsive genes in LNCaP cells. These assays also showed that AR associates with chromatin containing a Gli-response element near a Gli-responsive gene. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that Gli2 overexpression in PCa cells might support development of castration resistant PCa through AR co-activation and suggests that AR might modulate transcription from Gli2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Shen P, Sun J, Xu G, Zhang L, Yang Z, Xia S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Shi G. KLF9, a transcription factor induced in flutamide-caused cell apoptosis, inhibits AKT activation and suppresses tumor growth of prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2014; 74:946-58. [PMID: 24737412 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are involved in various biological processes; emerging studies have indicated that KLF9 plays a critical role in regulating tumorigenesis. The role of KLF9 in prostate cancer (PCa), however, has not yet been investigated. METHODS The expression of KLF members, AKT- and apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blot or qRT-PCR. Tet-On inducible KLF9 expression was established for the evaluation of the effects of KLF9 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS KLF9 was induced in a time-dependent manner in flutamide-caused apoptosis, and knockdown of KLF9 significantly decreased flutamide-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in LNCaP cells. The levels of KLF9 were relatively lower in PCa cell lines, particularly in androgen-independent cell lines compared with those in nontumorous prostate epithelial cell lines. Overexpression of KLF9 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and caused cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell apoptosis in the androgen-independent cell lines, PC3 and DU145. Intriguingly, KLF9 expression severely suppressed the activation of AKT and its downstream targets. AKT reactivation partially rescued the KLF9-mediated inhibitory effects on the proliferation of PCa cells. More importantly, we found that KLF9 overexpression efficiently inhibited the xenograft tumor growth of PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS These data collectively showing that KLF9 substantially inhibits AKT activation and abrogates tumor growth of PCa cells, suggest the potential of either genetic or pharmacological activation of KLF9 in the therapeutic treatment of castration-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengliang Shen
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R., China
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Generation of mice deficient in both KLF3/BKLF and KLF8 reveals a genetic interaction and a role for these factors in embryonic globin gene silencing. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:2976-87. [PMID: 23716600 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00074-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors 3 and 8 (KLF3 and KLF8) are highly related transcriptional regulators that bind to similar sequences of DNA. We have previously shown that in erythroid cells there is a regulatory hierarchy within the KLF family, whereby KLF1 drives the expression of both the Klf3 and Klf8 genes and KLF3 in turn represses Klf8 expression. While the erythroid roles of KLF1 and KLF3 have been explored, the contribution of KLF8 to this regulatory network has been unknown. To investigate this, we have generated a mouse model with disrupted KLF8 expression. While these mice are viable, albeit with a reduced life span, mice lacking both KLF3 and KLF8 die at around embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), indicative of a genetic interaction between these two factors. In the fetal liver, Klf3 Klf8 double mutant embryos exhibit greater dysregulation of gene expression than either of the two single mutants. In particular, we observe derepression of embryonic, but not adult, globin expression. Taken together, these results suggest that KLF3 and KLF8 have overlapping roles in vivo and participate in the silencing of embryonic globin expression during development.
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