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Simultaneous Control of Endogenous and User-Defined Genetic Pathways Using Unique ecDHFR Pharmacological Chaperones. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:622-634.e6. [PMID: 32330442 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Destabilizing domains (DDs), such as a mutated form of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (ecDHFR), confer instability and promote protein degradation. However, when combined with small-molecule stabilizers (e.g., the antibiotic trimethoprim), DDs allow positive regulation of fusion protein abundance. Using a combinatorial screening approach, we identified and validated 17 unique 2,4-diaminopyrimidine/triazine-based ecDHFR DD stabilizers, at least 15 of which were ineffective antibiotics against E. coli and S. aureus. Identified stabilizers functioned in vivo to control an ecDHFR DD-firefly luciferase in the mouse eye and/or the liver. Next, stabilizers were leveraged to perform synergistic dual functions in vitro (HeLa cell death sensitization) and in vivo (repression of ocular inflammation) by stabilizing a user-defined ecDHFR DD while also controlling endogenous signaling pathways. Thus, these newly identified pharmacological chaperones allow for simultaneous control of compound-specific endogenous and user-defined genetic pathways, the combination of which may provide synergistic effects in complex biological scenarios.
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2
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CNOT2 facilitates dengue virus infection via negatively modulating IFN-Independent Non-Canonical JAK/STAT pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:403-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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3
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Shen J, Wang G, Zuo J. Caffeic acid inhibits HCV replication via induction of IFNα antiviral response through p62-mediated Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Antiviral Res 2018; 154:166-173. [PMID: 29656059 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and its related liver disease have constituted a heavy burden worldwide. It had been reported that Drinking coffee could decrease mortality risk of HCV infected patients. Caffeic Acid (CA), the Coffee-related organic acid could inhibit HCV replication, however, the detailed mechanism of CA against HCV is unclear. In this study, we showed that CA could notably inhibit HCV replication. Mechanism study demonstrated that CA could induce HO-1 expression, which would trigger the IFNα antiviral response, and the antiviral effect of CA was attenuated when HO-1 activity was inhibited by SnPP (an HO-1 inhibitor). CA could also increase erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. When Nrf2 was knocked down by specific siRNA, HO-1 expression was concomitantly decreased while HCV expression was restored. Further study indicated that kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1) expression was decreased by CA through p62/Sequestosome1 (p62)-mediated autophagy, which would lead to the stabilization and accumulation of Nrf2. The decrease of keap1 was restored when p62 was silenced by specific p62 siRNA and when autophagy was inhibited, suggesting p62-mediated autophagy was required for CA-mediated keap1 downregulation. Taken together, the results demonstrated that CA could modulate Keap1/Nrf2 interaction via increasing p62 expression, leading to stabilization of Nrf2 and HO-1 induction, and elicit IFNα antiviral response to suppress HCV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianping Zuo
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Yang N, Sun C, Zhang L, Liu J, Song F. Identification and Analysis of Novel Inhibitors against NS3 Helicase and NS5B RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase from Hepatitis C Virus 1b (Con1). Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2153. [PMID: 29209282 PMCID: PMC5701637 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) leads to severe liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-structural protein 3 helicase (NS3h) and non-structural protein 5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) are involved in the replication of HCV RNA genome, and have been proved to be excellent targets for discovery of direct-acting antivirals. In this study, two high-throughput screening systems, fluorescence polarization (FP)-based ssDNA binding assay and fluorescence intensity (FI)-based dsRNA formation assay, were constructed to identify candidate NS3h and NS5B inhibitors, respectively. A library of approximately 800 small molecules and crude extracts, derived from marine microorganisms or purchased from the National Compound Resource Center, China, were screened, with three hits selected for further study. Natural compound No.3A5, isolated from marine fungi, inhibited NS3h activity with an IC50 value of 2.8 μM. We further demonstrated that compound No.3A5 inhibited the abilities of NS3h to bind ssDNA in electrophoretic mobility shift assay and to hydrolyze ATP. The NS3h-inhibitory activity of compound No.3A5 was reversible in our dilution assay, which indicated there was no stable NS3h-No.3A5 complex formed. Additionally, compound No.3A5 exhibited no binding selectivity on NS3h or single strand binding protein of Escherichia coli. In NS5B assays, commercial compounds No.39 and No.94 previously reported as kinase inhibitors were found to disrupt dsRNA formation, and their IC50 values were 62.9 and 18.8 μM, respectively. These results highlight how identifying new uses for existing drugs is an effective method for discovering novel HCV inhibitors. To our knowledge, all inhibitors reported in this study were originally discovered with HCV anti-non-structural protein activities in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chaomin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhang Song
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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H1-A, a compound isolated from Fusarium oxysporum inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 serine protease. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:299-302. [PMID: 27114318 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to isolate the active compounds from the fermentation products of Fusarium oxysporum, which had hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease inhibitory activity. A bioactive compound was isolated by reverse-phase silica-gel column chromatography, silica-gel column chromatography, semi-preparative reverse-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and then its molecular structure was elucidated based on the spectrosopic analysis. As a result, the compound (H1-A, 1) Ergosta-5, 8 (14), 22-trien-7-one, 3-hydroxy-,(3β, 22E) was isolated and identified. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report on the isolation of H1-A from microorganisms with the inhibitory activity of NS3 protease.
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Zhou YQ, Weng XF, Dou R, Tan XS, Zhang TT, Fang JB, Wu XW. Betulin from Hedyotis hedyotidea ameliorates concanavalin A-induced and T cell-mediated autoimmune hepatitis in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:201-210. [PMID: 27796295 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis hedyotidea has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying for the effect remain unknown. We previously showed that, among 11 compounds extracted from H hedyotidea, betulin produced the strongest suppressive effect on T cell activation. Here, we examined the hepatoprotective effects of betulin against acute autoimmune hepatitis in mice and the mechanisms underlying the effects. Freshly isolated mouse splenocytes were stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A, 5 μg/mL) in the presence of betulin, the cell proliferation was assessed with CSFE-dilution assay. Mice were injected with betulin (10, 20 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 3 d. One hour after the last injection, the mice were injected with Con A (15 mg/kg, iv) to induce acute hepatitis. Blood samples and liver tissues were harvested at 10 h after Con A injection, and serum transaminase levels and liver histopathology were detected; serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, hepatic T lymphocyte ratios, and functional statuses of conventional T and NKT cells were also analyzed. Betulin (16 and 32 μmol/L) dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation of Con A-stimulated mouse splenocytes in vitro. In Con A-challenged mice, preinjection with betulin (20 mg·kg-1·d-1) significantly decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6, and ameliorated liver injury. Furthermore, pretreatment with betulin (20 mg·kg-1·d-1) significantly inhibited the Con A-induced activation of NKT and conventional T cells, and decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 in these two cell populations. Betulin has immunomodulatory effect on overly activated conventional T and NKT cells and exerts hepatoprotective action in mouse autoimmune hepatitis. The findings provide evidence for the use of H hedyotidea and its constituent betulin in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Broad-spectrum antiviral properties of andrographolide. Arch Virol 2016; 162:611-623. [PMID: 27896563 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a diterpenoid, is known for its anti-inflammatory effects. It can be isolated from various plants of the genus Andrographis, commonly known as 'creat'. This purified compound has been tested for its anti-inflammatory effects in various stressful conditions, such as ischemia, pyrogenesis, arthritis, hepatic or neural toxicity, carcinoma, and oxidative stress, Apart from its anti-inflammatory effects, andrographolide also exhibits immunomodulatory effects by effectively enhancing cytotoxic T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, phagocytosis, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). All these properties of andrographolide form the foundation for the use of this miraculous compound to restrain virus replication and virus-induced pathogenesis. The present article covers antiviral properties of andrographolide in variety of viral infections, with the hope of developing of a new highly potent antiviral drug with multiple effects.
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Hawas UW, Al-Farawati R, Abou El-Kassem LT, Turki AJ. Different Culture Metabolites of the Red Sea Fungus Fusarium equiseti Optimize the Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease (HCV PR). Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E190. [PMID: 27775589 PMCID: PMC5082338 DOI: 10.3390/md14100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Fusarium equiseti was isolated from the brown alga Padina pavonica, collected from the Red Sea. The fungus was identified by its morphology and 18S rDNA. Cultivation of this fungal strain in biomalt-peptone medium led to isolation of 12 known metabolites of diketopeprazines and anthraquinones. The organic extract and isolated compounds were screened for their inhibition of hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease (HCV PR). As a result, the fungal metabolites showed inhibition of HCV protease (IC50 from 19 to 77 μM), and the fungus was subjected to culture on Czapek's (Cz) media, with a yield of nine metabolites with potent HCV protease inhibition ranging from IC50 10 to 37 μM. The Cz culture extract exhibited high-level inhibition of HCV protease (IC50 27.6 μg/mL) compared to the biomalt culture extract (IC50 56 μg/mL), and the most potent HCV PR isolated compound (Griseoxanthone C, IC50 19.8 μM) from the bio-malt culture extract showed less of an inhibitory effect compared to isolated ω-hydroxyemodin (IC50 10.7 μM) from the optimized Cz culture extract. Both HCV PR active inhibitors ω-hydroxyemodin and griseoxanthone C were considered as the lowest selective safe constituents against Trypsin inhibitory effect with IC50 48.5 and 51.3 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama W Hawas
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Radwan Al-Farawati
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Adnan J Turki
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Identification of Peptide Leads to Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus: Inhibitory Effect of Plectasin Peptide Against Hepatitis C Serine Protease. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Yang L, Lin J, Zhou B, Liu Y, Zhu B. Activity of compounds from Taxillus sutchuenensis as inhibitors of HCV NS3 serine protease. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:487-491. [PMID: 27295355 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1190719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate active compounds from traditional Chinese medicinal Taxillus sutchuenensis to inhibit hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease activity. Under the guidance of bioassay, 10 compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract fraction, which were identified as inhibitors of HCV NS3 protease. IC50 values of these compounds were obtained, and a broad degree of anti-HCV activity was observed. The most active compounds were kaempferol-3,7-bisrhamnoside (19.4 μM) and (3S)-3-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-6E-hepten-5-one (28.7 μM). In conclusion, flavonoids and diarylheptanoids were responsible for the anti-HCV constitution of Taxilli Herba. These inhibitors of HCV NS3 protease might serve as potential candidate of anti-HCV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Yang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process , Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai , China
| | - Jun Lin
- b State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process , Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai , China
| | - Bin Zhou
- b State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process , Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai , China
| | - Yangang Liu
- a School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Baoquan Zhu
- a School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process , Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai , China
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Zhong D, Liu M, Cao Y, Zhu Y, Bian S, Zhou J, Wu F, Ryu KC, Zhou L, Ye D. Discovery of Metal Ions Chelator Quercetin Derivatives with Potent Anti-HCV Activities. Molecules 2015; 20:6978-99. [PMID: 25913935 PMCID: PMC6272327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Analogues or isosteres of α,γ-diketoacid (DKA) 1a show potent inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase through chelation of the two magnesium ions at the active site. The anti-HCV activity of the flavonoid quercetin (2) could partly be attributed to it being a structural mimic of DKAs. In order to delineate the structural features required for the inhibitory effect and improve the anti-HCV potency, two novel types of quercetin analogues, 7-O-arylmethylquercetins and quercetin-3-O-benzoic acid esters, were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HCV properties in cell-based assays. Among the 38 newly synthesized compounds, 7-O-substituted derivative 3i and 3-O-substituted derivative 4f were found to be the most active in the corresponding series (EC50 = 3.8 μM and 9.0 μΜ, respectively). Docking studies suggested that the quercetin analogues are capable of establishing key coordination with the two magnesium ions as well as interactions with residues at the active site of HCV NS5B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Zhong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yelin Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Shihui Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fengjie Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kum-Chol Ryu
- Institute of Pharmacy, HamHung Pharmaceutical University, HamHung 999093, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Deyong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-Heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
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