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Zhang Z, Dai Y, Xiao Y, Liu Q. Protective effects of catalpol on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: A comprehensive review. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1089-1101. [PMID: 38024856 PMCID: PMC10657971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa, has gained attention due to its potential use in treating cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). This extensive review delves into recent studies on catalpol's protective properties in relation to various CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. The review also explores the compound's anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic characteristics, emphasizing the role of vital signaling pathways, including PGC-1α/TERT, PI3K/Akt, AMPK, Nrf2/HO-1, estrogen receptor (ER), Nox4/NF-κB, and GRP78/PERK. The article discusses emerging findings on catalpol's ability to alleviate diabetic cardiovascular complications, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular-related conditions. Although clinical studies specifically addressing catalpol's impact on CVDs are scarce, the compound's established safety and well-tolerated nature suggest that it could be a valuable treatment alternative for CVD patients. Further investigation into catalpol and related iridoid derivatives may unveil new opportunities for devising natural and efficacious CVD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yongguo Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yichao Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Li S, Liu P, Feng X, Du M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang J. Mechanism of Tao Hong Decoction in the treatment of atherosclerosis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1111475. [PMID: 36776258 PMCID: PMC9909180 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis (AS) has long been recognized as a cardiovascular disease and stroke risk factor. A well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription, Tao Hong decoction (THD), has been proven effective in treating AS, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Objective To assess the effects, explore THD's primary mechanism for treating AS, and provide a basis for rational interpretation of its prescription compatibility. Methods Based on network pharmacology, we evaluated the mechanism of THD on AS by data analysis, target prediction, the construction of PPI networks, and GO and KEGG analysis. AutoDockTools software to conduct Molecular docking. Then UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify significant constituents of THD. Furthermore, an AS mice model was constructed and intervened with THD. Immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and Western blot were used to verify the critical targets in animal experiments. Results The network pharmacology results indicate that eight core targets and seven core active ingredients play an essential role in this process. The GO and KEGG analysis results suggested that the mechanism is mainly involved in Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis and Lipid and atherosclerosis. The molecular docking results indicate a generally strong affinity. The animal experiment showed that THD reduced plaque area, increased plaque stability, and decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β) in high-fat diet -induced ApoE-/-mice. Decreased levels of PTGS2, HIF-1α, VEGFA, VEGFC, FLT-4, and the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and p38 were detected in the THD-treated group. Conclusion THD plays a vital role in treating AS with multiple targets and pathways. Angiogenesis regulation, oxidative stress regulation, and immunity regulation consist of the crucial regulation cores in the mechanism. This study identified essential genes and pathways associated with the prognosis and pathogenesis of AS from new insights, demonstrating a feasible method for researching THD's chemical basis and pharmacology.
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Wang W, Lin W, Chen G, You Z. History and main research of psychoneuroimmunology in China. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 26:100562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Zou Z, Huang J, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Xu B, Wang P, Chen G. Repeated Yueju, But Not Fluoxetine, Induced Sustained Antidepressant Activity in a Mouse Model of Chronic Learned Helplessness: Involvement of CaMKII Signaling in the Hippocampus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:1442578. [PMID: 35251201 PMCID: PMC8894000 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1442578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is characterized with long disease length, whereas one major disadvantage of current mainstream treatment of depression is a high rate of relapse and recurrence. A sustained antidepressant activity is proposed to facilitate the prevention of relapse/recurrence. Here we compared the long-term antidepressant effect of Yueju, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and a conventional antidepressant, fluoxetine, as well as revealing the underlying mechanism of long-term antidepressant effect of Yueju. METHODS Clinical long-term depression condition was modelled by using chronic learned helplessness (cLH) protocol in ICR strain mice. The short-term and long-term antidepressant effects of drugs were assessed with learned helplessness (LH), tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) test. The expression of PKA, CaMKII signaling, and NR1, the NMDA receptor subunit, in hippocampus was determined. A CaMKII inhibitor (KN-62) was used to assess the role of CaMKII signaling in antidepressant effects of Yueju or fluoxetine. RESULTS In the mice exposed to chronic learned helplessness (cLH) procedure, administration of Yueju or fluoxetine for 3 weeks elicited comparable antidepressant effects, indicated by learned helplessness test, as well as TST and NSF. However, 5 days after termination of the 3-week-long drug administration, only mice previously treated with Yueju still showed the alleviation of depressive-like behaviors. At this time, the downregulation of PKA and p-CaMKII/CaMKII and upregulation of NMDA receptor subunit NR1 in the hippocampus were normalized in animals previously treated with Yueju. In contrast, none of the expressions of these proteins were changed in mice previously treated with fluoxetine. Interestingly, an administration of KN-62 blunted the antidepressant effect of Yueju. CONCLUSION These findings showed the sustained antidepressant efficacy of chronic treatment with routine dose of Yueju and the CaMKII signaling activation may play a critical role in the sustained antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Zou
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiaru Huang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Wei P, Long D, Tan Y, Xing W, Li X, Yang K, Liu H. Integrated Pharmacogenetics Analysis of the Three Fangjis Decoctions for Treating Arrhythmias Based on Molecular Network Patterns. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:726694. [PMID: 35004871 PMCID: PMC8739471 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.726694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the diverse target distribution and variable mechanisms of different fangjis prescriptions when treating arrhythmias based on the systems pharmacology. Methods: The active ingredients and their corresponding targets were acquired from the three fangjis [Zhigancao Tang (ZT), Guizhigancao Longgumuli Tang (GLT), and Huanglian E'jiao Tang (HET)] and the arrhythmia-related genes were identified based on comprehensive database screening. Networks were constructed between the fangjis and arrhythmia and used to define arrhythmia modules. Common and differential gene targets were identified within the arrhythmia network modules and the cover rate (CR) matrix was applied to compare the contributions of the fangjis to the network and modules. Comparative pharmacogenetics analyses were then conducted to define the arrhythmia-related signaling pathways regulated by the fangjis prescriptions. Finally, the divergence and convergence points of the arrhythmia pathways were deciphered based on databases and the published literature. Results: A total of 187, 105, and 68 active ingredients and 1,139, 1,195, and 811 corresponding gene targets of the three fangjis were obtained and 102 arrhythmia-related genes were acquired. An arrhythmia network was constructed and subdivided into 4 modules. For the target distribution analysis, 65.4% of genes were regulated by the three fangjis within the arrhythmia network. ZT and GLT were more similar to each other, mainly regulated by module two, whereas HET was divided among all the modules. From the perspective of signal transduction, calcium-related pathways [calcium, cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP)-PKG, and cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP)] and endocrine system-related pathways (oxytocin signaling pathway and renin secretion pathways) were associated with all the three fangjis prescriptions. Nevertheless, heterogeneity existed between the biological processes and pathway distribution among the three prescriptions. GLT and HET were particularly inclined toward the conditions involving abnormal hormone secretion, whereas ZT tended toward renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) disorders. However, calcium signaling-related pathways prominently feature in the pharmacological activities of the decoctions. Experimental validation indicated that ZT, GLT, and HET significantly shortened the duration of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and downregulated the expression of CALM2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) messenger RNAs (mRNAs); GLT and HET downregulated the expression of CALM1 and NOS3 mRNAs; HET downregulated the expression of CRP mRNA. Conclusion: Comparing the various distributions of the three fangjis, pathways provide evidence with respect to precise applications toward individualized arrhythmia treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglu Wei
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dehuai Long
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Tan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xing
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Yang
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Institute of Medical Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wang P, He T, Zheng R, Sun Y, Qiu R, Zhang X, Xing Y, Shang H. Applying cooperative module pair analysis to uncover compatibility mechanism of Fangjis: An example of Wenxin Keli decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114214. [PMID: 34033900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fangji is an ancient combinatorial formula. The compatibility mechanisms that how component herbs of Fangji work cooperatively to achieve the executive framework remain unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY Toexplore compatibility mechanism and systematical effects of Fangjis by taking Wenxin Keli decoction (WXKL), a classical Fangji constituted by Codonopsis Radix, PolygonatiRhizoma, Notoginseng Radix Et Rhizoma, Ambrum, and Nardostachyos Radix Et Rhizoma., as example. MAIN METHODS Here, we employed bioinformatics approach, including cluster analysis, cooperative module pair analysis, primary module identification, and proximity examination among target profile of herbs, to investigate compatibility characterization and anti-arrhythmia mechanism of WXKL. Finally, core mechanisms of WXKL were validatedby in vivo experiments. RESULTS As a result, we identified 695 putative target proteins and 27 clusters (W-modules) inWXKL target network (W-network), in which W-module 1, 2, 4, 8, 10 were primary modules. The cooperative module pairs were W-module 2 and 4, W-module 2 and 8, and W-module 2 and 1, all of which existed in Codonopsis Radix- or Notoginseng Radix Et Rhizoma.-condition. And Nardostachyos Radix Et Rhizoma only yielded cooperation between W-module 1 and 2. The proximity of herbs' target profiles of Codonopsis Radix and Notoginseng Radix Et Rhizoma were similar, and Nardostachyos Radix Et Rhizoma and Ambrum were similar. For the compatibility framework, Codonopsis Radix general regulated 70.67% targets and majority W-modules (81.48%) as sovereign herb, contributing to primary therapeutic effect, mainly involving neurohormonal regulation, vasomotor, inflammation and oxidative stress. Other herbs assisted Codonopsis Radix to enhance major outcomes through common modules, and acted as complementary roles through unique process including mitotic cell cycle, biosynthetic and catabolic process, etc. Furthermore, WXKL regulated 66.67% hub proteins of arrhythmia-network, 68.18% and 47.37% proteins in primary arrhythmia-module 1 and 2, mainly involving ion channel activity, neurohormonal regulation, and stress response processes, to constitute regulatory network focusing on cardiovascular, renal, nervous system, to reverse the pathological process of arrhythmia. In vivo experiments demonstrated WXKL can attenuate adrenergic activation induced sympathetic atrial fibrillation by inhibiting calmodulin expression (CaM) and ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) phosphorylation to regulate neurohormonal action. CONCLUSION This strategy provided an overarching view of anti-arrhythmia mechanism of WXKL and its internal compatibility, and may facilitate the understanding of compatibility in Fangjis from the perspectives of modern biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tianmai He
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Jin Y, Yu L, Xu F, Zhou J, Xiong B, Tang Y, Li X, Liu L, Jin W. Pharmacokinetics of Active Ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius in Compatibility in Normal and Cerebral Ischemia Rats: A Comparative Study. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 45:273-284. [PMID: 31828667 PMCID: PMC7089879 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Dan-Hong injection, which comprises extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius, promotes blood circulation and reduces blood stasis. Combination of S. miltiorrhiza and C. tinctorius is more effective in treating cerebral ischemia than S. miltiorrhiza alone. This study aimed to examine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of four active ingredients of S. miltiorrhiza and C. tinctorius, namely danshensu (DSS), hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), and salvianolic acid A (SAA) and B (SAB) in normal and cerebral ischemia rats. Methods Normal and cerebral ischemia rats were injected via the tail vein with each active ingredient, and blood was collected through the jaw vein at different time points. The plasma concentration of the compatibility group was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using Pharmacokinetic Kinetica 4.4 software. Results The pharmacokinetics of the four active ingredients in the normal and cerebral ischemia rats were consistent with a two-compartment model. The area under the concentration–time curve was higher in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats, with a highly significant difference for SAA (P < 0.01). Clearance rates were lower in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats, with DSS showing the most significant difference (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there were significant differences between normal and cerebral ischemia rats in the distribution phase-elimination half life for DSS, SAA, and HSYA, as well as in the apparent volume of distribution for the central compartment for DSS and HSYA (P < 0.01). The plasma concentrations of the four active ingredients were higher in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats. Conclusion Cerebral ischemia rats showed higher drug clearance rates and longer retention times than normal rats, which may be due to destruction of the blood–brain barrier during cerebral ischemia–reperfusion. The four active ingredients likely integrated and interacted with each other to affect target sites in the brain to protect against cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Moganshan Road, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinshan Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weifeng Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen G, Gao J, He H, Liu C, Liu Y, Li J, Wang J. Identification of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs and mRNAs involved in Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1206-1223. [PMID: 30679994 PMCID: PMC6327641 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome (QSBSS) is a common Zheng in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), describes the condition of unsmooth flow of Qi and blood, which manifests as distending pain in a fixed body part and emotional disorders, including irritability and depression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. RNAs are the connection between DNA and proteins, which reflect the interaction between the genotypes and the phenotype. Of note, non-coding (nc)RNA is a type of RNA that is not translated into any protein, but has regulatory functions. Despite the growing interest in exploring the biological basis of TCM Zhengs, the specific roles of ncRNAs in QSBSS have remained largely elusive. In the present study, next-generation sequencing was performed to investigate the ncRNA profile in patients with three different types of disease, but who had QSBSS. A total of 104 long non-coding RNAs, 2 circular RNAs and 697 mRNAs were identified to be significantly differentially expressed in QSBSS patients. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that the most significantly enriched pathways by the differentially expressed RNAs in QSBSS were the sphingolipid signaling pathway, the neurotrophin signaling pathway, 5′AMP-activated protein kinase and endocytosis. In addition, a network pharmacology analysis indicated that several of the differentially expressed RNAs were included in the targets of TCM herbs for treating QSBSS. The present study was the first to identify ncRNAs that are deregulated in QSBSS by next-generation sequencing technology. The results may offer insight into the biological basis of TCM Zheng and the optimization of ancient formulae, as well as the discovery of novel drugs, to pave the way toward advanced TCM theory and improved health care delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jialiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Haoqiang He
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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New omic and network paradigms for deep understanding of therapeutic mechanisms for Fangji of traditional Chinese medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:903-905. [PMID: 29863110 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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