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Penalva YCM, Paschkowsky S, Yang J, Recinto SJ, Cinkorpumin J, Xiao B, Nitu A, Wu H, Munter HM, Michalski B, Fahnestock M, Pastor W, Bennett DA, Munter LM. Loss of the APP regulator RHBDL4 preserves memory in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.22.579698. [PMID: 38464180 PMCID: PMC10925189 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.22.579698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Characteristic cerebral pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as glucose hypometabolism or the accumulation of cleavage products of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), known as Aβ peptides, lead to sustained endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and neurodegeneration. To preserve ER homeostasis, cells activate their unfolded protein response (UPR). The rhomboid-like-protease 4 (RHBDL4) is an enzyme that participates in the UPR by targeting proteins for proteasomal degradation. We demonstrated previously that RHBLD4 cleaves APP in HEK293T cells, leading to decreased total APP and Aβ. More recently, we showed that RHBDL4 processes APP in mouse primary mixed cortical cultures as well. Here, we aim to examine the physiological relevance of RHBDL4 in the brain. We first found that brain samples from AD patients and an AD mouse model (APPtg) showed increased RHBDL4 mRNA and protein expression. To determine the effects of RHBDL4's absence on APP physiology in vivo, we crossed APPtg mice to a RHBDL4 knockout (R4 KO) model. RHBDL4 deficiency in APPtg mice led to increased total cerebral APP and Aβ levels when compared to APPtg controls. Contrary to expectations, as assessed by cognitive tests, RHBDL4 absence rescued cognition in 5-month-old female APPtg mice. Informed by unbiased RNAseq data, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that RHBDL4 absence leads to greater levels of active β-catenin due to decreased proteasomal clearance. Decreased β-catenin activity is known to underlie cognitive defects in APPtg mice and AD. Our work suggests that RHBDL4's increased expression in AD, in addition to regulating APP levels, leads to aberrant degradation of β-catenin, contributing to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylauna Christine Megane Penalva
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Paschkowsky
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sherilyn Junelle Recinto
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
| | | | - Bin Xiao
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
| | - Albert Nitu
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
| | - Helen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Hans Markus Munter
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0C7
| | - Bernadeta Michalski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - William Pastor
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa Marie Munter
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Cell Information Systems group, Bellini Life Sciences Complex, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 0B1
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
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Aru B, Akdeniz T, Dağdeviren H, Gürel G, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Testosterone Propionate Promotes Proliferation and Viability of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells while Preserving Their Characteristics and Inducing Their Anti-Cancer Efficacy. Balkan Med J 2023; 40:117-123. [PMID: 36748249 PMCID: PMC9998833 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2022.2022-10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Various studies have reported the effects of testosterone on different cell types, yet bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ cellular responses to testosterone remain unknown. Aims To investigate the effects of testosterone propionate, an oil-soluble short-acting form of testosterone, on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ proliferation and viability after 24 hours of incubation. We also investigated the impact of testosterone propionate on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell’s polarization and cytotoxicity on K562 leukemia cell line. Study Design In vitro study. Methods We expanded commercially available bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and treated them with testosterone propionate at concentrations ranging from 10-6-10-10 M for 24 hours. Ideal concentration was determined by evaluating cellular viability and proliferation with Annexin V/Propidium Iodide assay and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester staining. The characteristic features of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated by immunophenotyping and investigating their differentiation capacities. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ cytotoxic properties upon testosterone propionate treatment were determined by co-culturing the cells with K562 cells and with confocal imaging investigating polarization. Results Testosterone propionate promoted proliferation and maintained the viability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem at 10-8 M concentration. Further evaluations were conducted with the determined dose. The results showed that, apart from promoting mesenchymal stem cells’ polarization and increasing their cytotoxicity on K562 cells, testosterone propionate did not alter differentiation capacities of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and certain cell surface markers, but led to a significant increase in HLA-DR expression. Conclusion The findings reveal that testosterone propionate promotes the proliferation and survival of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a dose-dependent manner without hampering their differentiation capacities, induces their polarization to the pro-inflammatory phenotype, and increases their cytotoxicity on the K562 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Akdeniz
- Department of Medical Biology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüsniye Dağdeviren
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Yeditepe University Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gürel
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülderen Yanıkkaya Demirel
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey,Stem Cell Laboratory, Yeditepe University Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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3
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Desmoid tumors/aggressive fibromatosis (DTs/AF) are cytological bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. The exact cause still remains unknown, however, they may present sporadically or as a manifestation of a hereditary syndrome called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Although they lack the capacity to establish metastases, DTs/AF may be devastated and occasionally fatal. As a result of the heterogeneity of DTs/AF, treatment needs to be individualized to improve local tumor control and maintain patients’ quality of life. Therefore, after a multidisciplinary approach, all treatment options should be discussed with patients. Where systemic chemotherapy has been shown to be unsuccessful with marked side effects in case of advanced DTs/AF, new therapeutic options are needed.
Methods
A Medline search was conducted and published articles in different studies from 2000 to the present were reviewed.
Conclusion
More research is needed to illustrate both the prognostic and predictive factors of the targeted therapy and the value of their combinations with or without other treatment modalities to get the best result for the treatment of advanced DTs/AF.
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Tsukamoto S, Tanzi P, Mavrogenis AF, Akahane M, Kido A, Tanaka Y, Cesari M, Donati DM, Longhi A, Errani C. Upfront surgery is not advantageous compared to more conservative treatments such as observation or medical treatment for patients with desmoid tumors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:12. [PMID: 33402184 PMCID: PMC7784367 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared the clinical and functional outcomes of patients initially treated with observation or medical treatment with those of patients treated with local treatment (surgery alone or surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy) to confirm whether observation or medical treatment is an appropriate first-line management approach for patients with desmoid tumors. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 99 patients with histologically confirmed primary desmoid tumors treated between 1978 and 2018. The median follow-up period was 57 months. We evaluated event-free survival, defined as the time interval from the date of initial diagnosis to the date of specific change in treatment strategy or recurrence or the last follow-up. Results An event (specific change in treatment strategy or recurrence) occurred in 28 patients (28.3%). No significant difference in event-free survival was found between the first-line observation/medical treatment and local treatment groups (p = 0.509). The median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score of the patients treated with first-line local treatment was 29 (interquartile range [IQR], 23–30), whereas that of the patients managed with first-line observation or medical treatment was 21 (IQR, 19–29.5). First-line observation or medical treatment was more frequently chosen for larger tumors (p = 0.045). In the patients treated with local treatment, local recurrence was not related to the surgical margin (p = 0.976). Conclusion Upfront surgery is not advantageous compared to more conservative treatments such as observation or medical treatment for patients with desmoid tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-020-03897-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840, Shijo-cho, Kashihara-city, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Piergiuseppe Tanzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas F Mavrogenis
- First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 41 Ventouri Street, Holargos, 15562, Athens, Greece
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
| | - Akira Kido
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara-city, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840, Shijo-cho, Kashihara-city, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Marilena Cesari
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Longhi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Costantino Errani
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
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Oleynikov IP, Azarkina NV, Vygodina TV, Konstantinov AA. Interaction of Cytochrome C Oxidase with Steroid Hormones. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102211. [PMID: 33003582 PMCID: PMC7601700 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol, testosterone and other steroid hormones inhibit cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) purified from bovine heart. The inhibition is strongly dependent on concentration of dodecyl-maltoside (DM) in the assay. The plots of Ki vs [DM] are linear for both estradiol and testosterone which may indicate an 1:1 stoichiometry competition between the hormones and the detergent. Binding of estradiol, but not of testosterone, brings about spectral shift of the oxidized CcO consistent with an effect on heme a33+. We presume that the hormones bind to CcO at the bile acid binding site described by Ferguson-Miller and collaborators. Estradiol is shown to inhibit intraprotein electron transfer between hemes a and a3. Notably, neither estradiol nor testosterone suppresses the peroxidase activity of CcO. Such a specific mode of action indicates that inhibition of CcO activity by the hormones is associated with impairing proton transfer via the K-proton channel.
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Skubitz KM. Biology and Treatment of Aggressive Fibromatosis or Desmoid Tumor. Mayo Clin Proc 2017; 92:947-964. [PMID: 28578783 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aggressive fibromatosis, also known as desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) or desmoid tumor, is an uncommon locally invasive tumor. Because of its low incidence and variable behavior, DTF is often first seen by physicians who are not familiar with it, and recent advances in understanding this disease have led to changes in treatment approaches. The Wnt (β-catenin) pathway appears to play a key role in DTF pathogenesis, and recent studies of DTF biology suggest a possible model of DTF pathogenesis. Histologically, DTF shows a poorly circumscribed proliferation of myofibroblast-like cells with variable collagen deposition, similar to the proliferative phase of wound healing, and DTF has been associated with trauma and pregnancy. Desmoid-type fibromatosis may be a useful model of the tumor stroma in carcinomas as well as other fibrosing diseases such as progressive pulmonary fibrosis. The clinical course of DTF can vary greatly among patients, complicating the determination of the optimal treatment approach. Treatment options include surgery, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with or without hormonal manipulation, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other forms of local therapy. Many treatments have been used, but these are not without toxicities. Because of the variable nature of the disease and the potential morbidity of treatment, some cases of DTF may do better without treatment; simple observation is often the best initial treatment. This review used a PubMed search from January 1, 1980, through October 31, 2016, using the terms fibromatosis and desmoid and discusses DTF disease characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment options as well as examines several cases illustrating key points in the biology and treatment of this heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Skubitz
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
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Marks LM, Neuhaus SJ. Desmoid Fibromatosis Presenting as Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Case Report and Discussion. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2016; 17:967-972. [PMID: 27994217 PMCID: PMC5191834 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.900226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 40 Final Diagnosis: Desmoid fibromatosis Symptoms: Discomfort Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Surgery and radiotherapy Specialty: Surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Marks
- Department of Phlebology and Laser, Adelaide Plastic Surgery, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susan J Neuhaus
- Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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8
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Desurmont T, Lefèvre JH, Shields C, Colas C, Tiret E, Parc Y. Desmoid tumour in familial adenomatous polyposis patients: responses to treatments. Fam Cancer 2015; 14:31-9. [PMID: 25315103 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-014-9760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
No guidelines for desmoid tumors (DT) management are available and DT have now become the first cause of death in FAP patients who had restorative proctocolectomy. We aimed to assess the results of the different treatments used for DT in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) patients. All patients followed for FAP who developed a DT between 1970 and 2010 were collated. We analysed separately the history of DT according to location: mesenteric, parietal or mixed. 79 FAP patients [45 females (56 %); mean age 33.3 ± 12.5] presented 149 DT and were included; 16(20 %) had a DT diagnosed during or before first abdominal surgery and 47 (59 %) had isolated mesenteric DT. 11 patients had only surgical treatment, 17 only medical treatments, 31 had combined treatment and 20 had no treatment with spontaneous DT regression or stabilization. Overall, 80 treatment lines were administered to patients with a progression free or regression rate of 43 % (34/80). Response rates were: chemotherapy 77 % (10/13); Sulindac + tamoxifen 50 % (6/12); Tamoxifen 40 % (6/15); Imatinib 36 % (4/11); Sulindac 28 % (8/29). Among the 42 surgical procedures, an R0 resection was performed in 26 (62 %) allowing the absence of recurrence for 54 %. After a median follow-up of 81 months, 8 patients died of their DT and 6 died of other cause. Overall and DT-specific survival at 20 years were 52 and 79 %, respectively. Chemotherapy was the most efficient treatment. For intra-abdominal DT, we consider it as a first choice treatment and reserve surgery when it is impossible or when DT are life threatening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Desurmont
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France
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9
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Al-Jazrawe M, Au M, Alman B. Optimal therapy for desmoid tumors: current options and challenges for the future. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 15:1443-58. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1096203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Cates JMM. Pregnancy does not increase the local recurrence rate after surgical resection of desmoid-type fibromatosis. Int J Clin Oncol 2014; 20:617-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-014-0743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Desmoid-type fibromatosis and pregnancy: a multi-institutional analysis of recurrence and obstetric risk. Ann Surg 2014; 259:973-8. [PMID: 24477160 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many women who present with desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) have had a recent pregnancy. Long-term data about disease behavior during and after pregnancy are lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the possible relationship between DF and pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cohort of women with DF and pregnancy was identified from 4 sarcoma centers. Four groups were identified: diagnosis during pregnancy (A); diagnosis after delivery (B); DF clinically evident during pregnancy (C); and DF resected before pregnancy (D). Progression/regression rates, recurrence rates after resection, and obstetric outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Ninety-two women were included. Forty-four women (48%) had pregnancy-related DF (A + B), whereas 48 (52%) had a history of DF before conception (C + D). Initial treatment was resection in 52%, medical therapy in 4%, and watchful waiting in 43%. Postsurgical relapse rate in A + B was 13%, although progression during watchful waiting was 63%. Relapse/progression in C + D was 42%. After pregnancy, 46% underwent treatment of DF, whereas 54% were managed with watchful waiting. Eventually, only 17% experienced further progression after treatment. Spontaneous regression occurred in 14%. After further pregnancies, only 27% progressed. The only related obstetric event was a cesarean delivery. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy-related DF has good outcomes. Progression risk during pregnancy is high, but it can be safely managed. DF does not increase obstetric risk, and it should not be a contraindication to future pregnancy.
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Targeting stem cell behavior in desmoid tumors (aggressive fibromatosis) by inhibiting hedgehog signaling. Neoplasia 2014; 15:712-9. [PMID: 23814483 DOI: 10.1593/neo.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoid tumor (also called aggressive fibromatosis) is a lesion of mesenchymal origin that can occur as a sporadic tumor or a manifestation of the preneoplastic syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis caused by a mutation in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). This tumor type is characterized by the stabilization of β-catenin and activation of Tcf-mediated transcription. Cell transplantation data suggest that desmoid tumors are derived from mesenchymal progenitor cells (MSCs). As such, modulating cell signaling pathways that regulate MSC differentiation or proliferation, such as hedgehog (Hh) signaling, could alter the tumor phenotype. Here, we found that Hh signaling is activated in human and murine desmoid tumors. Inhibiting Hh signaling in human cell cultures decreased cell proliferation and β-catenin protein levels. Apc(+)/Apc(1638N) mice, which develop desmoid tumors, develop smaller and fewer tumors when Hh signaling was inhibited either genetically (by crossing Apc(+)/Apc(1638N) mice with mice lacking one copy of a Hh-activated transcription factor, Gli2 (+/-) mice) or using a pharmacologic inhibitor. Both in mice and in human tumor cell cultures, β-catenin and Hh-mediated signaling positively regulate each other's activity. These data show that targeting a pathway that regulates MSC differentiation influences desmoid tumor behavior, providing functional evidence supporting the notion that these tumors are derived from mesenchymal progenitors. It also suggests Hh blockade as a therapeutic approach for this tumor type.
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13
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Mignemi NA, Itani DM, Fasig JH, Keedy VL, Hande KR, Whited BW, Homlar KC, Correa H, Coffin CM, Black JO, Yi Y, Halpern JL, Holt GE, Schwartz HS, Schoenecker JG, Cates JMM. Signal transduction pathway analysis in desmoid-type fibromatosis: transforming growth factor-β, COX2 and sex steroid receptors. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:2173-80. [PMID: 23035734 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite reports of sex steroid receptor and COX2 expression in desmoid-type fibromatosis, responses to single agent therapy with anti-estrogens and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are unpredictable. Perhaps combination pharmacotherapy might be more effective in desmoid tumors that co-express these targets. Clearly, further understanding of the signaling pathways deregulated in desmoid tumors is essential for the development of targeted molecular therapy. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are important regulators of fibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition, but little is known about the TGFβ superfamily in fibromatosis. A tissue microarray representing 27 desmoid tumors was constructed; 14 samples of healing scar and six samples of normal fibrous tissue were included for comparison. Expression of selected receptors and activated downstream transcription factors of TGFβ family signaling pathways, β-catenin, sex steroid hormone receptors and COX2 were assessed using immunohistochemistry; patterns of co-expression were explored via correlational statistical analyses. In addition to β-catenin, immunoreactivity for phosphorylated SMAD2/3 (indicative of active TGFβ signaling) and COX2 was significantly increased in desmoid tumors compared with healing scar and quiescent fibrous tissue. Low levels of phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 were detected in only a minority of cases. Transforming growth factor-β receptor type 1 and androgen receptor were expressed in both desmoid tumors and scar, but not in fibrous tissue. Estrogen receptor-β was present in all cases studied. Transforming growth factor-β signaling appears to be activated in desmoid-type fibromatosis and phosphorylated SMAD2/3 and COX2 immunoreactivity might be of diagnostic utility in these tumors. Given the frequency of androgen receptor, estrogen receptor-β and COX2 co-expression in desmoid tumors, further assessment of the efficacy of combination pharmacotherapy using hormonal agonists/antagonists together with COX2 inhibitors should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Mignemi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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14
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Abstract
Desmoid tumors (DTs) are histologically benign proliferations of stromal cells but may grow locally aggressive. Overall, DTs are rare (0.03% of all neoplasms). A minority of DTs is associated with Gardner syndrome and mutations of the familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) gene. Most spontaneous DTs are associated with mutations of the beta-catenin gene. This mutation results in the activation of Wnt/catenin signaling. Due to their variable clinical presentation and behavior, no standard approach for DTs can be recommended. In most cases of DTs of the extremities surgical extirpation is indicated, whereas in many other cases, a multimodal and multidisciplinary concept should be followed. In this review article, we discuss the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment options for DTs, including targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Escobar
- Departments of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology).
| | - R Munker
- Departments of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology)
| | | | - B D Li
- Departments of Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - G V Burton
- Departments of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology)
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